"Elizabeth" iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene yama-classic, ehlonishwa kakhulu ngabalimi be-amateur nabalimi bebhizinisi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlwabusayo ezinomzimba omhlophe ogqamile zilungele ukuhlolwa okuyi-culinary, kuhle ukudayiswa. Ezihlukahlukene ziveza isivuno esikhulu, ukumelana nezifo nezinye izimfanelo ezibalulekile.
Kule ngqikithi sizoveza konke nge-Elizaveta amazambane ahlukahlukene - izici, izithombe kanye nezici zokulima.
Amazambane "Elizabeth": incazelo yezinto ezihlukahlukene, isithombe
| Igama leBanga | Elizabeth |
| Izici ezijwayelekile | enye yezinhlobo zakudala zaseRussia ezinezivuno ezinhle |
| Isikhathi sokubeletha | Izinsuku ezingu-65-80 |
| Okuqukethwe kwesitashi | 13-14% |
| Izikhulu eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa | 80-140 gr |
| Inombolo yezilimo eziyizigaxa ehlathini | kuze kube ngu-10 |
| Ukuthela | kufika ku-400 kg / ha |
| Ikhwalithi yabathengi | ukunambitheka okuhle, inyama ayifuni |
| I-Recumbency | 93% |
| Umbala wesikhumba | mhlophe |
| Umbala we-Pulp | mhlophe |
| Izifunda ezikhulayo ezikhethiwe | I-Northern, North-Western, Central, Volgo-Vyatsky, eNyakatho-Caucasia, EMpumalanga Ekude |
| Izifo zokuphikisa | ngokulinganisela kunomphumela wokulimala okuphelile |
| Izici zokukhula | ubuchwepheshe obuvamile bezolimo |
| Umsunguli | Isimo Scientific Institution Institute Leningrad Scientific Research of Agriculture "Belogorka" weRussia Agricultural Academy kanye "Vsevolozhsk Ukukhetha Station" |
Izici eziyinhloko ezihlukahlukene:
- Izilimo eziyizigaxa zikhulu kakhulu, zilinganisa kusuka ku-83 kuya ku-140 g;
- umumo ojikelezayo-oval, ngephuzu eliphikisayo;
- izilimo eziyizigaxa zihlanzekile, zihambisana ngesayizi nesisindo;
- i-peel iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-creamy, imibala efanayo, ibushelelezi ngokulinganisela;
- amehlo ayingqayizivele, amancane, angenasigqi, angabonakali;
- i-pulp ekunqunyeni imhlophe;
- Izinga lokuqukethwe kwe-starch kusuka ku-13 kuya ku-18%;
- izilimo eziyizigaxa zicebile amaprotheni, ama-amino acid ayigugu namavithamini.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Elizabeth" zinikezwa kulezi zithombe:
Imfanelo
Ezihlukahlukene zamazambane "u-Elizabeth" zibhekisela emaphakathini asekuqaleni, etafuleni. Ukukhiqiza kuhle, kuye ngezimo zezulu kanye nokuzala kwenhlabathi, kuyahlukahluka kusukela kuma-290 kuya ku-400 abaphakathi kwehektha ngalinye. Eminyakeni ephumelele kakhulu, abantu abangaba ngu-550 bangaqoqwa kusuka ku-1 hektare.
Etafuleni ungabona isivuno sezinye izinhlobo zamazambane:
| Igama leBanga | Ukuthela |
| Elizabeth | Kusukela ku-hektare elingu-1 bathola abantu abangamakhulu angu-400. |
| Juvel | Kusuka ku-hektare elingu-1 ungaqoqa ama-quintals angaba ngu-700. |
| I-Meteor | Amakhilomitha angu-200 kuya ku-400 ehektheleni, ngokuya ngesifunda nesimo sezulu. |
| Izinsuku ezingamashumi amane | Kusukela ku-hektare elingu-1 kungaqoqwa kusuka kuma-200 kuya ku-300. |
| Minerva | Kusukela ku-hektare elingu-1 liqoqa abantu abaphakathi kuka-200 kuya ku-450. |
| I-Karatop | Ungakwazi ukuqoqa abantu abangu-200-500 ngehektha ngalinye. |
| Veneta | Inani elilinganiselwe lingamaphesenti angama-300 ehektheleni. |
| Zhukovsky ekuqaleni | Amaphesenti angu-400 ehektheleni. |
| Umfula | Ukusuka kuma-280 kuya ku-450 abaphakathi kwehektha ngalinye. |
| Kiranda | Kusuka kuma-110 kuya ku-320 abaphakathi kwehektha ngalinye. |
Amazambane avuthiwe agcinwa kahle izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ikhwalithi yabo yezohwebo. Ukuthutha kungenzeka. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezimhlophe, ezifakwe emhlophe ezimhlophe zidayiswa kakhulu.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nesikhathi nokushisa kwesitoreji samazambane, mayelana nezinkinga. Futhi futhi mayelana nokuthi ungayenza kanjani ebusika, ebhodini, esiqandisini, kumakhi, uhlanza.
Amabhasi ahlangene, aphansi, aqonde, ahlanganiswe ngokulinganisela. Ukwakhiwa kwe-green mass kuningi. Amahlamvu aphakathi, ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-pubescent, anemiphetho ye-wavy ebuthakathaka futhi anezimvu ezilandelwa ngokucacile. I-corolla imhlophe, i-compact. Izimbali zimbalwa, ziwa ngokushesha. Amajikijolo awahlanganisiwe.
Uhlelo lwempande lusethuthukile kahle. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zenziwa ndawonye okungenani amazambane ama-10 akhethiwe ngaphansi kwehlathi ngalinye. Inani lempahla engekho inzuzo ayilutho.
Izinhlobonhlobo zihluleka ukukhathalela, zakhe ungakwazi ngisho ukutshala abalimi abangenalwazi. Kunconywa ukuncintisana kwezinsimbi zamaminerali nezinkinga eziphilayo, ukuchelela okulinganiselayo nokugquma ngokubunjwa kwamapulangwe aphezulu. Ukuze ulawule ukhula, sebenzisa i-mulching.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa zokuqala zingadilizwa phakathi nehlobo, kodwa isivuno esiphezulu samazambane sifike ekupheleni kwenkathi ekhulayo (Izinsuku ezingu-70-90 emva kokufika). Ulwazi lwembewu alungele ukubola, ukubuyekezwa akudingeki. Amazambane okutshala okulandelayo angalandelwa ngokuzimela.
"Elizabeth" - ezihlukahlukene nge-immunity okuhle. Amazambane akathintwa kaningi ngomdlavuza noma u-scab ovamile; amahlathi aphikisana no-blackleg, i-ne-ne-cyst-forming nematode yegolide, nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-fungal. Ukulimala okungahle kwenzeke kungabangelwa iziqwenga nezilimo eziyizigaxa, i-Fusarium ne-Verticillium wilt, i-Alternaria.
Amazambane ahlukile ukunambitheka okulinganiselayo okunamandla, ngaphandle kokomisa nokuphuza ngokweqile. Inyama emhlophe yeqhwa ayimnyama lapho isika futhi ipheka. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zigcwele yonke indawo, zingabiliswa, zithosiwe, ziphekwe, zinyanyiswe. Imifino imifino yenza amafrimu amahle aseFrance, amazambane ahlambulukile kungenzeka.
Umsuka
"Elizabeth" - enye yezinhlobonhlobo zakudala, ezakhiwe ngabakhiqizi baseRussia. Ubhalisiwe kuRejista Yombuso we-Russian Federation ngo-1996. Zoned North, North-West, Central, Volga-Vyatka, North Caucasus, izifunda zaseMpumalanga Ekude.
Ukulima okunconywe emkhakheni wokusetshenziswa kwezimboni, emapulazini nakwamapulazi angasese. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyazwela emvelweni wokudla kanye namazinga omswakama.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Izici eziyinhloko ezihlukahlukene zihlanganisa:
- ukunambitheka kakhulu kwezimpande izitshalo;
- isivuno esikhulu;
- indawo yonke yezilimo eziyizigaxa;
- izinga elihle lomkhiqizo;
- isivuno sigcinwa isikhathi eside;
- ukumelana nezifo ezinkulu.
Ukuntuleka kwezinhlobonhlobo akuphawuliwe. Ukuthela kuxhomeke ezimweni zezulu kanye nenani lomsoco wenhlabathi.
Etafuleni elingezansi ungakwazi ukuqhathanisa izici zohlobo lweZamafama kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezindala kakhulu ngesisindo sezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nekhwalithi yazo yokugcina:
| Igama leBanga | I-mass of nezilimo eziyizigaxa zempahla (amagremu) | I-Recumbency |
| Elizabeth | 80-140 | 93% |
| I-Meteor | 100-150 | 95% |
| Minerva | 120-245 | 94% |
| Kiranda | 92-175 | 95% |
| I-Karatop | 60-100 | 97% |
| Veneta | 67-95 | 87% |
| Zhukovsky ekuqaleni | 100-120 | 92-96% |
| Umfula | 100-180 | 94% |
Izici zokukhula
Amazambane anconywe umhlaba engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyilapho inhlabathi ifudumele ngokwanele. Izinhlobonhlobo zithinta ukupholisa kancane, kepha iqhwa liyinhlekelele kulo. Izinto zokutshala zifakwe, inhlabathi ikhululiwe ngokucophelela, emva kwalokho iphathwa ngezinhlanganisela ze-disinfectant.
I-Potato ikhetha isibuko esisebusweni esisekelwe esihlabathini. I-humus endala kanye nezinkuni (mhlawumbe birch) umlotha kuzosiza ukwandisa inani lokudla okunomsoco, zifakwa emigodini. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zitshalwe kude no-35 cm ngokuhlukaniswa kwemigqa okungenani okungama-70 cm. Ukujula kuncane, cishe ngo-10 cm.
Izinhlobonhlobo zizwela ekunciphiseni komsoco wenhlabathi. Ngesikhathi sezihlahla Izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ezifakwe emanzini amaminerali asezindlini ezisuselwa ku-potassium noma i-magnesium. Imifuno elungiselelwe yenziwa ingashintsha ne-mullein ehlanjululwe noma ye-bird droppings.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungadla kanjani amazambane, nini futhi kanjani ukusebenzisa umanyolo, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani uma utshala.
Qinisekisa ukuthi umswakama ovamile wenhlabathi uzokusiza ukuvuza uhlelo lokunisela. Uzosindisa ukufika ehlobo elomile. Uma kunomswakama okweqile, inhlabathi ingafafazwa ngokhuni lomlotha.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokutshala amazambane, futhi phakathi kwazo kukhona eziningi ezithakazelisayo.Sinikeza indaba ewusizo mayelana nobuchwepheshe beDutch, ukulima kwezinhlobo zakuqala kanye nokuvuna ngaphandle kwe-weeding ne-hilling.
Futhi funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela engaphansi komshini, emibhawulweni, emasakeni, ebhokisini.
I-Potato "Elizabeth" ingaba nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu kakhulu. Ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwabo, isonto elilodwa ngaphambi kokumba, udinga ukusika zonke iziqongo. Emva kokuvuna, lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa zomile emngceleni noma ngaphansi komcibisholo. Amazambane amaqanda akhethiwe esigabeni sokukhula, amahlumela kufanele ahlelwe ngaphambilini. Ngemuva kokumba, imbewu igcinwa ngokwehlukana.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izinhlobonhlobo "Elizabeth" ngokwanele ukumelana nezifo ezivamile Solanaceae: umdlavuza wamazambane, i-cyst ne-nematode yegolide, isikhumba esivamile. Ngokuvamile kuthinteka yi-blackleg, amagciwane ahlukahlukene, amabhaktheriya.
Eminyakeni embi, ukutheleleka okungenzeka okubangelwa yisikhathi sekwephuzile. Ukuze kuvikelwe, kunconywa ukuthi lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa zilashwa ngaphambi kokutshala, kanye nokwelashwa kwesikhashana esisodwa kwezihlahla ezinamalungiselelo enethusi.
Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane zezimboni kusetshenziselwa ukulawula izinambuzane. Zihle kakhulu kwi-Colorado amazambane amabhungane, ama-aphid, ama-thrips, amabhu amazambane. Lahla usizo lwe-wireworm ne-Medvedka ukuchitha umhlabathi ukuxazulula izixazululo ezibulalayo noma ukuguquka ngezikhathi ezithile kwezinsimu zokufika.
Yena kungatshalwa ukudayiswa noma kushiyelwe ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, amazambane azokujabulela ukukhiqizwa, ukulula, izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zezitshalo zezimpande.
Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayele ngezinhlobo zamazambane ezinemigomo ehlukile yokuvuthwa:
| Ukuphumula okuphakathi | Ngaphambi kokuqala | Phakathi nonyaka |
| Vector | I-Gingerbread Man | I-giant |
| I-Mozart | Ithebula | I-Tuscany |
| Sifra | Ilinsky | Yanka |
| I-Dolphin | Lugovskoy | Ubunkungu bukaLilac |
| I-Crane | Santa | I-Openwork |
| Rogneda | Ivan da Shura | Desiree |
| Lasock | Colombo | Santana | I-Aurora | Bonisa | Isivunguvungu | I-Skarb | Innovator | Alvar | Umlutha | I-Krone | I-Breeze |
