E-floriculture yasekhaya, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-cacti yasogwadule zitshalwa, isibonelo, i-Echinopsis, Achinocereus, Ferocactus, Rebucius. IHedgehog cactus, noma i-Echinocactus, ingeyohlobo lwe-cherti yasogwadule eyindilinga.
Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-Echinocactus:
- I-Echinocactus Gruzoni;
- I-rainch ye-Echinocactus;
- I-Echinocactus enezingqimba;
- I-Echinocactus Parry.
I-Echinocactus
Lesi sitshalo satholakala okokuqala eMexico ngekhulu le-19. Lo mgadli uqanjwe ngegama likaHerman Gruzon, unjiniyela, ososayensi bezimboni, onobuhlakani nomculi odumile we-cactus wangekhulu le-19.
Incazelo
Isitshalo sibizwa nangokuthi umgqomo wegolide, ibhola legolide. Umuthi othambile waba negama lawo ngenxa yesimo esiyindilinga kuso isiqu esincane futhi sinomgqomo - lapho sesikhulile. Ngokusho kososayensi, i-cacti ingaphila iminyaka engama-500.
Isiqu sinendawo ebunjiwe. Izimbambo zimbozwe kakhulu ngezikhala ezinombala ophuzi omhlophe noma okhanyayo. Ngobudala, izinhlayiya zithola umbala onsundu okhanyayo. Umbala wesiqu uluhlaza okotshani.
Ama-pubescent areoles engxenyeni engenhla yesiqu ukuze ahlanganyele ekwakheni ikhephu elihle eliphuzi. Ku-areola ngayinye, izinhlobo ezimbili zomgogodla ziyakhula: maphakathi futhi radial. Ephakathi nendawo akhula aze afike ku-5 cm, amisebe ekhula aze afike ku-3 cm. Ameva, ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo zecactus, angaqondile futhi agobile.
Nakani! Izimpande zesitshalo zimfushane futhi zitholakala eduze kwenhlabathi.
Endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo, ukuphakama kwama-suppulents kungafinyelela ku-3 m no-1 m ububanzi, emakhaya ububanzi bawo awudluli ku-40 cm.
Isitshalo sinezinhlobonhlobo eziningana ezihlukile komunye nomunye ngobude, ubukhulu, umbala kanye nokwakheka komgogodla.
Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, i-Echinocactus grusoniivar interocolus inezinongo ezinhle ezigobile, i-Echinocactus grusoniivar subinermis, kunalokho, inama-spines amancane kakhulu, i-Echinocactus grusonii f. I-monstruosa ihlukile ngoba ikhula ngezindlela ezihlukile, inemikhakha emfishane emhlophe qwa kanye nomphetho.
Izinhlobo ze-Echinocactus Gruson
I-Echinocactus Gruzoni ebomvu
Izitolo zezimbali zithengisa iGaczoni cacti ngameva abomvu. Lo mbala wezinaliti awungewona owemvelo wekhiyusi. Itholakala ngokuthepha ngokufakelwa kusetshenziswa imibala yokudla, engezwa enhlabathini yesihlabathi.
Ngokuphuza, udayi uzodonsa okumnandi, futhi kancane kancane izinaliti zizothola umbala owuthandayo. Ngakho-ke, izinaliti azifakwanga obomvu kuphela, kodwa futhi ziphuzi ngokugqamile, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuluhlaza. Ukugcwala okugcwele kuthatha iminyaka eminingana.
Uma umbala wokudla usetshenziselwa ukuthambisa, ngakho-ke ngeke kubangele impilo yesitshalo.
Ukunaka! Uma udayi ususwa enhlabathini, khona-ke ameva abuye athole umbala wawo wemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-Echinocactus Gruzoni
I-Echinocactus exubile kulula ukuyinakekela. Ngakho-ke, iyadingeka impela phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali.
Isibani
Isitshalo sidinga ukuhlela ukukhanyisa okuhle, ngakho-ke amabhodwe wezimbali abekwa eningizimu noma eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-sill. Akusabi ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Kodwa-ke, uma kunokukhanya okunganele, lokhu kungaholela ekuweni kwameva. Esikhundleni sokuwa, okusha kuzokhula, kepha kube mncane futhi kube nesidina kunangaphambili, isitshalo ngokwaso sizolahlekelwa ukubukeka kwayo okuhle.
Ngemuva kwenkathi yokubusika ebusika, akunconywa ukuba ufake ngokushesha imbiza yezimbali efasiteleni eliseningizimu, ngoba ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kungashisa isiqu. Ama-Succulents afundiswa ilanga kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke, entwasahlobo kuyadingeka ukuthi kuthunzile i-cactus.
Umswakama kanye lokushisa
I-Cactus isitshalo esithanda ukushisa, noma kunjalo, uma izinga lokushisa eliba ngaphezulu kwe-30 ° C, isitshalo sinciphisa noma siyeke ukukhula. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu we-echinocactus grusonii ngesikhathi sokukhula ngu-20-25 ° C.
I-Echinocactus ayithandi amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu
Ama-Succulents awakhethi kakhulu ngomswakama futhi akhula kahle emoyeni owomile. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sasehlobo esishisa kakhulu, kungakuhle ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile ufafaze i-cactus ngamanzi afafaza.
Udinga futhi ukufaka lesi sitshalo ngaphansi kwesihlambi ukuze ususe uthuli oluqoqeka phakathi kwezimbambo zalo.
Ukunisela nomanyolo
Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo siniselwa kathathu ngesonto. Kungcono uma ukuthambisa kwenziwa ngokufaka ebhodweni ethangini elinamanzi afudumele amile. Ngemuva kwalokho, vumela amanzi amaningi ukuba ageze epanini. Ukuze izimpande zingaboli, amanzi avela epanini nawo akhishwa ngokushesha.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula kanye nemvamisa yesikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga, isitshalo siyondliwa. Ngalezi zinhloso, amafomu akhethekile enzelwe i-cacti athengwa esitolo. Ziqukethe inani elincane le-nitrogen. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa umanyolo: IGilea, i-Stimulus, i-Flovit nabanye.
Ubusika
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-Echinocactus ebusika? Ubusika yisikhathi lapho isikhathi sokuthokomala siqala i-cactus, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa egumbini liyancishiswa. Kufanele kube kububanzi ukusuka ku-+10 kuya ku- + 15 ° ะก.
Ukunaka! Ukushisa okuphansi akwamukeleki kulesi sitshalo.
Uma imbiza isesitezi, udinga ukuyihlukanisa kusukela kumbandela obandayo. Ungafaka imbali kumatshitshi wokhuni noma ubeke umhlanga ngaphansi kwawo. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, khona-ke izimpande zingaba yiqhwa.
Ukukhanyisa noma ngalesi sikhathi asincishisiwe. Ekwindla, ukuchelela kwenziwa kanye ngenyanga, ebusika kuyamiswa. Futhi, ngalesi sikhathi, ungondli.
Ukufakelwa kanye nokufakelwa
ICactus idluliswa njengokudingekile, okungenani isikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni emi-2 noma emi-3.
Ukunaka! Lapho ufaka, udinga ukuzama ukungalimazi izimpande. Ama-Succulents abucayi kakhulu kumonakalo ohlelweni lwezimpande.
Imbiza yezimbali ithathwa kangcono ngokujulile. Ubukhulu baso kufanele bube ngama-3-5 cm amakhulu kunokudala. Isikhathi esihle sonyaka sokufakelwa intwasahlobo.
Ukuze ukhule i-cactus, inhlabathi ithengwa eyenziwe eyenziwe ngomumo, noma ingxube yenhlabathi ilungiswa yona ngokwayo.
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi:
- 2 amahora we-turf land;
- 1 ithisipuni yesihlabathi;
- I-1 tsp yomhlaba enamaqabunga;
- Amahora ayi-0,5 wamatshe amnandi amatshe noma imvuthuluka eyenziwe ngezitini.
Ungangeza namalahle achotshoziwe kule ngxube. Lokhu kuzovikela izimpande zesithelo emonakalweni owenziwe isikhunta.
I-Echinocactus Grisoni Transplant
Ngaphambi kokufaka lesi sitshalo, kungakuhle ukuthi ungcwelise umhlabathi kanye nembiza yezimbali. Kulokhu, ingxube yenhlabathi ibekwa kuhhavini isigamu sehora, isitsha sithululelwa kaningana ngamanzi abilayo.
Inqubo yokufakelwa:
- Susa i-cactus esitsheni. Hlola uhlelo lwezimpande. Susa izimpande ezibolile nezaphuliwe. Izindawo zothuli zonakaliswe yikhabhoni eyenziwe yasebenza. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-cactus ibekwa esitsheni esomile izinsuku ezintathu. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukusikeka kuzophola ezimpandeni.
- Gcwalisa ungqimba lwamapayipi ngobukhulu obungama-1-2 cm ethangini.Ubumba olwandisiwe, amatshe amatshe amancane, izitini eziphukile zilungile njengezinto zokudonsa.
- Ukugcwalisa ungqimba oluncane lomhlabathi.
- Faka i-cactus ebhodweni, usakaze izimpande zayo.
- Gcwalisa izimpande ngomhlabathi. Nyakazisa imbiza kancane ukuze inhlabathi isatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo phakathi kwezimpande. Thinta inhlabathi kancane.
- Phezulu ngesendlalelo esincane samatshe amatshe amancane.
- Beka imbiza egumbini elinokukhanya okukhanyayo. Izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe phakathi kuka-24 no-27 ° C. Qala ukuchelela ngemuva kwengxenye yenyanga.
Izimbali ezinocactus
I-Cactus iqala ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo - ekuqaleni kwehlobo eneminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka engama-20. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Echinocactus kaGruson ingena esikhathini sokuqhakaza kwezimbali uma ububanzi besiqu bungama-40 cm.
Izimbali ze-Echinocactus
Ama-Buds avame ukwakhiwa engxenyeni ye-apical yesiqu, kwesinye isikhathi angabekwa emahlathini ambalwa. Ukuqhakaza kwe-cactus ngezimbali eziphuzi esisodwa, ezibomvana noma ezibomvu, zakhiwe njengamabhele.
Ishubhu lezimbali lifushane, linomphetho ozwayo. Izinsimbi mncane, zibuye zimbozwe ngesaha. Imbali ingafika ku-7 cm ubude kusihlwa, imbali iyavala.
Ngemuva kokuvundiswa, kwakheka izithelo ezingamnyama ezingafani zombala we-chocolate-brown esikhundleni sezimbali.
Izinketho zokuzalela
Ama-Succulents asatshalaliswa yimbewu nezingane. Inketho yesibili ilula. Kodwa-ke, izingane azivamile ukuvela ku-Echinocactus. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma ichopho yekhakesi ilimele.
Imbewu ye-Echinocactus
Ingane ihlukaniswa ngokucophelela kumzali, bese ihlwanyelwa esitsheni esilungiselelwe.
Imbewu
Ukuzalanisa i-cacti ngembewu, udinga:
- Cwilisa imbewu amahora amaningi emanzini, bese imizuzu eyi-10 isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate.
- Lungisa isitsha. Ukuhluma kuzodinga ibhokisi elibanzi nelingajulile noma imbiza yesihlabathi.
- Beka imbewu esihlabathini esimanzi bese ufafaza kancane ngenhlabathi ngesigaxa esingu-1-2 mm. Mboza isitsha ngesikhwama sepulasitiki.
- Ukuze imbewu ikhule ngendlela ejwayelekile, kubalulekile ukuhlelela umoya omncane wegreenhouse. Ukunisela ngalesi sikhathi akakhiqizi.
- Amahlumela avela zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-20-30.
- Inciphise edonsa bese itshala emabhodweni ahlukene.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele futhi okuhlala njalo kwe-Echinocactus, lesi sitshalo siyojabulisa abanikazi ngokubukeka okuhle nezimbali ezinhle.
