Izinhlobonhlobo zamazambane ezakhiwe ngabalimi baseDutch Melody uye wadlulisa phambili ukuhlolwa kombuso futhi kubhekwa njengendlela ehlukahlukene ephumelelayo kakhulu enethemba elihle.
Ngesikhathi esifushane, wathola ama-accolade amaningi evela kubalimi bamazambane asekhaya, ahlakulela ngempumelelo emazweni ahlukene nasezifundeni.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe ngezinhlobo zamazambane, i-Melody, sizokwazisa ngezici zayo. Uzofunda ngobuchwepheshe bezolimo kula mazambane, yiziphi izifo ezitholakala kuzo nokuthi yiziphi izinambuzane eziba yingozi.
Umsuka
Umnikazi wamalungelo okuqala kanye nomnikazi we-patent yi-C.MEIJER B.V., inkampani esebenze ngempumelelo emakethe yaseRussia yamazambane amazambane isikhathi eside. (Netherlands). Ngonyaka wezi-2009, lezi zihlukahlukene zitholakala esifundeni esiyinhloko yiRejista Yase-Russian Federation. Kwadlula ukuhlolwa nokubhaliswa e-Ukraine naseMoldova.
Ngemuva kokuthola isivuno esivela ku-imbewu elite esithengwa kwi-agrofirms enkulu, ungasebenzisa imbewu yakho 1-2-3 yokukhiqiza.
Ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa yizimfanelo ze-varietal kanye nokutheleleka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, bashintsha isayithi lokufika iminyaka engu-4-5 futhi babuyekeze isitoko sokutshala.
Amazambane e-Melody: incazelo ehlukahlukene
| Igama leBanga | Melody |
| Izici ezijwayelekile | medium cultivation esheshayo wezokuzalanisa Dutch |
| Isikhathi sokubeletha | Izinsuku ezingu-100-120 |
| Okuqukethwe kwesitashi | 11-17% |
| Izikhulu eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa | 95-180 gr |
| Inombolo yezilimo eziyizigaxa ehlathini | 7-11 |
| Ukuthela | 176-335 c / ha |
| Ikhwalithi yabathengi | ukunambitheka okuhle, ukupheka okukhulu |
| I-Recumbency | 95% |
| Umbala wesikhumba | ophuzi |
| Umbala we-Pulp | ophuzi |
| Izifunda ezikhulayo ezikhethiwe | Ephakathi |
| Izifo zokuphikisa | lezi ezihlukahlukene ziphikisana ne-pathogen yomdlavuza wezambane, i-golden potato cyst nematode, i-wrinkled ne-banded mosaic |
| Izici zokukhula | iphendula kahle kumanyolo nokuphuza |
| Umsunguli | C.MEIJER B.V. (Holland) |
Ibeke isikhundla njenge-srednepozdniy, sekwephuzile. Kusukela kokutshala kuya ekuvuneni kwezebhizinisi - Izinsuku ezingu-100-120. I-shrub ephakathi nendawo eqondile ephakathi kwe-red-purple inflorescences, amaqabunga amaqabunga amakhulu avaliwe aphezu kwe-wavy kancane.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-oval ezinezikhumba ezibushelelezi, eziphuzi, ezichaziwe isisindo sika 95-180 g ifomu elihlanganisiwe, elenziwe kahle, izisekelo ezihambisanayo. Inani eliphakathi kwezilimo eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa ezivela esihlahleni esisodwa sama-7-11. Amehlo angaphandle, amancane.
Izinhlobo zamazambane i-Melody ibonakala ngokuqukethwe okunamatheksthi okuphakeme - kusuka ku-11% ukuya kuma-17%. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezine-pulp ephuzi zihlukaniswa yizici eziningi ezivelele phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zokukhethwa kweDutch ezigcinwe kulo lonke isikhathi sokugcina.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokushisa kwesikhathi nokugcina kwamazambane, izinkinga ezihlangane njalo.Futhi mayelana nokuthi ungagcina kanjani amazambane ebusika, kubakhiqizi nakubhaluni, esiqandisini futhi uhlutshiwe.
Kungenxa yezinhlobo zezinhloso zetafula, ezisetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ngokuqondile izifundo zokuqala, zesibili nokucubungula. Amazambane athambile kahle abilisiwe, i-pulp ngenkathi ukwelashwa kokushisa akumnyama. Isilinganiso esomile esingaphansi (okungaphansi kwe-20.5%) ikuvumela ukuthi uyisebenzise ekukhiqizeni amazambane omile. Ukupheka nokupheka izinkukhu akufanelekile!
Isithombe
Ungabona amazambane e-Melody esithombeni:
Izici
Njengoba iningi lezinhlobo zamazambane zekhethelo laseDutch elithi "Melody" linomkhiqizo ophezulu. Isivuno esiphezulu sokuhweba esiboniswe ezivivinyweni ezihlukahlukene zombuso esifundeni saseMoscow 636 c / ha idlula indinganiso ezinhlobonhlobo Symphony, Nikulinsky.
Ukukhiqizwa kwempahla ejwayelekile kuyinto 176-335 c / ha (18-35 kg / 10 m²).
Ungaqhathanisa ukukhiqizwa kwamazambane aseSerpanok nezinye izinhlobo etafuleni elingezansi:
| Igama leBanga | Ukuthela |
| Melody | 176-335 c / ha |
| Ubuhle | 400-450 c / ha |
| Vector | 670 c / ha |
| Artemis | 220-350 c / ha |
| Yanka | kufika ku-630 c / ha |
| Svitanok Kiev | kufika ku-460 c / ha |
| Santana | 160-380 c / ha |
| Nevsky | 300-500 c / ha |
| Taisiya | kufika ku-460 c / ha |
| Colomba | 220-420 c / ha |
| I-Lapot | 400-500 c / ha |
Ukuhlukahluka kwamazambane kuphakathi kwabadayisi abaphezulu ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okuhle kakhulu, ukuthengiswa okuphezulu (85-95%), ukugcina ikhwalithi (95% noma ngaphezulu), ukuthutha nokumelana nokulimala komshini.
Ikhono lokugcina kahle ikhwalithi ebalulekile yamazambane. Etafuleni elingezansi uzothola lesi sici ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene:
| Igama leBanga | Ukuzithoba |
| Melody | 95% |
| Timo | 96% |
| Arosa | 95% |
| Spring | 93% |
| Vineta | 87% |
| Impala | 95% |
| Zorachka | 96% |
| Kamensky | 97% |
| Latona | 90% |
| Lyubava | 98% |
| Inhlanhla | 88-97% |
Izici ze-tuber zihlangabezana nezidingo zokudayiswa kwezimpahla ngokuqwashisa kanye nokupakisha. Isikhathi esibi kakhulu isikhathi eside - kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezingu-8, okuvumela ukuthi ugcine izinhlobo zezingoma kuze kube nguJune ngaphandle kokuqeda amahlumela.
I-Agrotechnology
Entwasahlobo yezinto zembewu ihlolwe ngokucophelela ngomonakalo, izimpawu zesifo. Khetha okunempilo, ngisho nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinezingxenye ezincane okungenani ama-3-7 cm.
Lupine
Ukuvumelana nokushintshanisa kwezitshalo. I-sideratami engcono kakhulu i-lupine, ifilakisi, isitshalo esingapheli nonyaka, izitshalo zasebusika, ama-legumes.
Amazambane adinga ukukhululeka njalo, weeding, ukuchelela, hilling. Ngisho nangehlobo elomile, ukhula alushiywa phakathi kwemigqa eya emthunzini wamazambane, usebenzisa indlela yokuxubha. Nge-biomass enkulu yabomakhelwane bokhula, inani lezilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlahleni lingancishiswa kakhulu.
Izinhlobonhlobo zifuna ukuhambisana nemigomo ye-agrotechnical yokulima:
- Ekwindla, ukumba indawo kanye nokwengezwa kwe-3-4 cm yenhlabathi evundile kanye nokwethulwa komquba noma ama-humus ngesilinganiso esingu 4.5-5 kg / 1 m². Ngenhlabathi enzima, ungqimba oluvundile olungaphansi kuka-30 cm, ukugqoka kokugqoka phezulu kuya 9 kg / m².
- Uma usebenzisa umanyolo ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwehlathi, kungenzeka ukuthi umonakalo we-tuber ukwanda. Esikhathini sokutshala kwekwindla, ama-potash nama-phosphate fertilizer asetshenziselwa kakhulu.
- Ukucubungula kwe-spring kuhlanganisa ukumba, ukubeka 16-20 g / m² emhlabathini ovundile, noma 25 g / m² emhlabathini ocebile we-ammonium nitrate noma i-ammonium sulfate.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungadla kanjani amazambane, nini futhi kanjani ukusebenzisa umanyolo, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani uma utshala.
Uma utshalwa, kufanele ukhunjulwe ukuthi isikhathi se-tuberization nokukhula okusebenzayo kuhambelana nesiphakamiso sesifo esibucayi sekwephuzile. Ukuze ukuvinjelwa kwezinto zembewu kuthathwa ngamalungiselelo akhethekile.
Ukuvuna kuqala ngemuva kokubuna nokubunjwa kwekhasi elimnyama kwizilimo eziyizigaxa.
Ukulima kwezolimo zamazambane kungase kube okuhlukile. Funda konke mayelana nobuchwepheshe beDutch, mayelana nokulima kwezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala, mayelana nokuthola isitshalo ngaphandle kwe-weeding ne-hilling, mayelana nokuguqula le nqubo ibe ibhizinisi.Futhi mayelana nezindlela ezithakazelisayo ezifana nokukhula ngaphansi komshini, emasakeni, emabhokisini, emabhokisini.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Umdwebo oqoshiwe
- kuya kumdlavuza wezambatho nge-pathotype I;
- i-cyst-yokwenza i-golden potato nematode;
- ama-wrinkled ne-banded mosaics;
- isikhala;
- Risocontia;
- umlenze omnyama.
Ngokuphathelene nokuphazamiseka kwesikhathi sezintambo nezilimo eziyizigaxa (Ro1-Ro4), ukuhlukahluka kwe-Y kukhombisa ukuphikisa okulinganiselwe. Funda futhi nge-Alternaria, Fusarium ne-Verticillis yamazambane.
Ngokuqondene nezinambuzane, inkinga enkulu ngokuvamile i-Colorado beetles kanye nezibungu zazo, ama-mbatata amabhu, ama-wireworms, kanye namabhere.
Esizindeni sethu uzothola izihloko eziningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane eziyingozi:
- Indlela yokukhipha u-wireworm ensimini.
- Amakhemikhali nezindlela zomuntu ngokumelene ne-medvedka.
- Yini ezosiza ekulwa ne-Colorado amazambane beetle: izindlela zamakhemikhali nezindlela zabantu.
- Sithola imvukuzane yamazambane: ingxenye 1 nengxenye 2.
Amazambane "Melody" - ibanga elilodwa ngaphezulu kusuka emgqeni wamazinga asebenza kahle futhi anenzuzo ekukhethweni kweDashiya. Ukunambitheka okuphezulu kanye nezimfanelo zabathengi, isethulo esihle kakhulu, ukuhamba kalula, ukugcinwa kanye nokucubungula kwangaphambi kokudayiswa kwenzakaliswa ngabantu abalimi abafuywayo.
Ngezansi kwetafula uzothola izixhumanisi ezihlokweni ezinhlobo zamazambane ukuvuthwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene:
| Ukuphumula okuphakathi | Ngaphambi kokuqala | Ukuvuthwa kwesikhashana |
| I-Aurora | I-Black Prince | Nikulinsky |
| I-Skarb | Nevsky | I-Asterix |
| Isibindi | Darling | Ikhadineli |
| Ryabinushka | Nkosi yama-expanses | I-Kiwi |
| Ubuhle | Ramos | Slavyanka |
| I-Zhuravinka | Taisiya | I-Rocco |
| Lasock | I-Lapot | Ivan da Marya | Umlutha | Caprice | Picasso |
