I-currant emnyama yezinhlobonhlobo zeKernel ngokushesha idonsela ukunaka ngosayizi orekhodiwe wamajikijolo, afinyelela amasentimitha amabili ububanzi, nephunga elithile le-currant. Ngenxa yokumelana kwalo nokushisa nesithwathwa, izinhlobonhlobo ziyabanzi hhayi nje kuphela eSiberia, kodwa nasezingxenyeni zaseYurophu.
I-Kernel - i-Altai ehlukahlukene ye-currant emnyama enezithelo ezinkulu
Uhlobo lweYadrenaya lwadalwa abafuyi beGorno-Altaysk ngasekupheleni kweminyaka eyedlule futhi lwaphenduka umuzwa phakathi balimi ngenxa yobukhulu obuvelele bamajikijolo. Ukusakazeka ngokushesha kulo lonke elaseRussia nakwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane, kusabhekwa njengenye yezithelo ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezikhulunyelwa ezimnyama.
I-Kernel - inhlobonhlobo enkulu futhi ekhiqizayo ye-currant emnyama
INtaba i-Altai ibonakala ngesimo sezulu esishisayo sezwekazi kanye nobusika obunzima bangeqhwa kanye nehlobo elomile. Ngakho-ke, iKernel ingcono kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi ze-blackcurrant ezisindayo ezindaweni eziseningizimu ezishisayo nezomile. Ikhula kahle ezingadini zasenyakatho. Kodwa-ke, ukuvuna okuvelele kwama-5-6 kg esihlahleni ngasinye, kanye nokurekhodwa amajikijolo amasentimitha amabili, kwenzeka kuphela kuma-Altai omdabu nasezindaweni ezingomakhelwane zeSiberia ezine-currant.
Amajikijolo amakhulu we-Yadrenoy currant ngokushesha adonsela ukunaka
Okuqine - ukuhluka okuphakathi kokukhula okunamajikijolo amancane okuvuthiwe okuvuthiwe. Izihlahla zisatshalaliswa okuphakathi, ngamandla akhule ngokulinganayo, hhayi ukuthambekela ekuqineni. Amaqabunga anemibala emihlanu, acwebezelayo, hhayi ama-pubescent, aluhlaza okotshani, ophelile. Izimbali ziluhlaza okotshani. Kubhulashi ngamunye kusuka ku-6 kuya ku-12 amajikijolo amakhulu anele aboshwe. Isisindo esijwayelekile singama-3 g, ama-specimens ngamanye afinyelela ku-5-6 g. Amajikijolo amnyama, anezimbewu eziningi ezinkulu nesikhumba esiminyene, esinamakha kakhulu. Nambitha kusuka kumuncu kuya kokhilimu omuncu futhi omuncu. Ukuhambisa amajikijolo kuphansi. Zigcinwa ngisho esiqandisini isikhathi esingeqile kwezinsuku ezintathu. Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwesilimo kungukuqandeka nokucutshungulwa kwejamu ne "jamu eluhlaza" (ama-currants ecubuziwe noshukela). Lapho ese-makhenkheni, amajikijolo ane-acid amnandi e-Yadrena ahlanganiswe kahle nezithelo ezinhle ze-berry, zivuthwa ngasikhathi sinye, gooseberries, nezinhlobo ze-apula zokuqala.
Amaqabunga amancane amnandi we-blackcurrant angasetshenziswa njengendlela yokunambitha ukunambitheka kokuphuza itiye, usawoti wemifino namakhowe.
Kusuka kumajikijolo omuncu we-currant kuvela ujamu omangalisayo
Izici ezinhlobonhlobo: izinzuzo nezingozi
| Izinzuzo | Okubi |
| Ukuzala nokukhiqiza | Ukuvuthwa okungafanele |
| Amajikijolo aphezulu we-Vitamin Fragrant | Ukuhamba okuphansi |
| Ukuzala okuphezulu | Ukunambitheka okumnandi kwamajikijolo, isikhumba esikhulu, imbewu enkulu |
| Ukumelana nokushisa kanye nesithwathwa | Ukwehla kwamandla ezinhlahla |
Izici Zokufika
Emvelweni, i-blackcurrant ikhula ngasogwini lwemifula kanye namachibi amahlathi, ngaphansi kwezifufula ezineziphethu ezigeleza entwasahlobo, kepha azange zitholakale ezixhaphozini. Ngakho-ke, ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi ezinamanzi, kuhlelwa imisele yemisele noma izitshalo ezitshalwa emasimini amancane. Akunakhula enhlabathini enosawoti nakuma-acidic amaningi. Nge-acidity engaphansi kuka-5.5, isayithi libalwa ngaphambilini ngefulawa ye-dolomite, 200-300 g nge-1 m2 ukumba noma ukulima.
Enyakatho, ama-currant kufanele atshalwe ezindaweni ezinelanga ezivulekile. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu ezishisayo nezomile, izizwa ingcono emthunzini oyingxenye ngisho nasemithambekeni esenyakatho, ezingalungelanga ezinye izitshalo zasengadini.
Ezindaweni ezishisayo nezomile, ama-currant atshalwa emthunzini oyingxenye, futhi inhlabathi ihlanganiswe ngotshani ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama.
Okuqine - izinhlobonhlobo zokuzimela ezingadingi ama-pollinators. Noma ngokutshala okuhlangene kwezinhlobo eziningana, ukukhula okuthe xaxa kwesivuno kuyenzeka futhi kuYadrenoy.
Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo-ze ethandwayo, izihlahla eziningana ezihlanzayo zezinye izinhlobo ezikhula eduzane ngeke zithinte ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo noma ngosayizi wawo.
Ngokusho kwabanye abalimi, i-blackcurrant inomphumela omubi kakhulu kuma-cherries namakheli akhula eduzane, ngakho-ke uwahlwanyele kude nomunye. Umakhelwane nge-elderberry ne-catnip (catnip), oxosha isibani sebhabhathane, isibulala-zinambuzane eziyingozi.
I-Kotovnik (catnip) - isitshalo esinephunga le-lime esixosha izimvemvane ezinamalangabi eziyingozi ku-currant
Kuyadingeka ukutshala lesi sitshalo ekwindla, emavikini ama-2-3 ngaphambi kokuqala kwamakhaza aqinile. Ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo, ama-currant akhula kabi kakhulu futhi ayagula isikhathi eside.
Izithombo ezinhle kakhulu zonyaka, ezinamagatsha angama-2-3 nezimpande ezigqinsiwe ezigqinsiwe. Uma izihlahla zinesistimu evulekile yezimpande, zigcinwa esikhwameni esinomhlabathi omanzi noma okungenani zigoqwe ngerag emanzi ngaphambi kokutshala.
Lapho utshala, awafaki umanyolo, noma umanyolo wezimbiwa, noma umquba omusha, ukuze angashisi izimpande zezithombo.
Izithombo ezinhle ze-currant zinamaqabunga anempilo nezimpande zezimbali
Endaweni eyenziwe kahle enenhlabathi evundile, umgodi omncane unele isitshalo, esanele ukuhlalisa izimpande namabhakede angama-0.5 we-humus. Lapho utshala endaweni eyihlane eyinyumba, bhala izimbobo ezingafika kuhafu wemitha ngokujulile nangobubanzi, unezela amabhakede ama-2 we-humus noma umquba kumuntu ngamunye. Uma ufuna ukutshala izihlahla ezimbalwa nje, ungamba izimbobo ngaphambi nje kokusebenza esizeni. Ngesikhathi sokutshala kwezimboni, zimba ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yomthamo omkhulu womsebenzi. Ibanga elincanyana phakathi kwezihlahla zilandelana imitha eli-1. Ibanga phakathi kwemigqa lincike kumishini esetshenziswayo, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-2.
Izithombo ngesikhathi sokutshala zihlelwe ngokungacabangi, ukujulisa intamo yezimpande 5-8 cm ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi
Inqubo yokufika:
- Bumba umgodi wosayizi ofanele.
- Hlanganisa umhlaba kusuka kuwo ne-humus.
- Thela indunduma encane yale nhlanganisela ezansi kwe-fossa.
- Tshekisa izithombo nge-angle engu-45 °, ubeke intambo yomsuka ngo-5-8 cm ngaphansi komhlabathi.
- Spread izimpande zesithombo.
- Mboza ngomusa umhlabathi osele.
- Thela ibhakede lamanzi ngobunono ngokunisela nge-nozzle ngaphansi kwesithombo, ngaphandle kokulimaza inhlabathi.
- Ngokushesha emva kokutshala, unqume ngokushesha wonke amagatsha wesithombo, kusale amahlumela angama-2-3 egatsheni ngalinye ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Ama-currants anohlelo olungeyona lempande, olonakaliswa kalula ngokumba nokukhulula futhi ahlupheke kakhulu ngokuntuleka komswakama. Ngakho-ke, kungakuhle ukuthi mulch inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla nganoma iyiphi impahla athuthukisiwe. Emasimini akhiqizwayo kungenzeka ukuthi amboze izisekelo ngezinto zokuphahla noma ifilimu emnyama, lokhu kuqeda konke ukutshala kwenhlabathi nokhula.
Ukutshala okulungiswe kahle i-currant: amabhungane ahlungwa ngendlela yesikhathi, umhlabathi ngaphansi kwawo uhlanganiswe nge-humus, izisekelo zimbozwe ngefilimu emnyama
Kumakamelo ehlobo, lapho kungadingeki kuphela isivuno kuphela, kodwa futhi nokubuka okuhle, le ndlela inhle:
- Isihlahla ngasinye sidwetshwe embuthanweni onobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-60-80. Uma ufisa ungawubopha ngezitini noma ngamatshe. Ngaphakathi kulo mbuthano, umhlaba uhlanganisiwe ungqimba olunamandla lwamahipsi wezinkuni, sawdust, amantongomane, utshani noma umile utshani womile futhi womile womhlabathi.
- Isikhala sonke esiphakathi kweziyingi ze-currant sihlala notshani lwensimu yasendle, evame ukugawulwa yi-mower, trimmer noma nje isikela. Utshani obunjiwe bushiywe endaweni noma buhlanganiswa ngaphakathi kwama-currants.
- Entwasahlobo, le mulch ngaphansi kwesihlahla ihlanzwe ngobunono kulelitha. Ibhakede le-humus noma umquba omuhle lithululelwa ngaphansi kwesitshalo ngasinye bese lidonswa, emva kwalokho umbobo wokufunda izithombo zezihlahla ubuyela endaweni yawo. Uma kunesidingo, engeza isendlalelo esisha sezinto zokumboza. Akukaze kudingekile ukufaka esikhundleni se-mulch eyi-organic, ivele ivele kancane endaweni leyo ndawo futhi ibe ngumanyolo omuhle kakhulu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngokuntuleka kwe-humus, ungangeza ama-30-40 g we-nitroammophoska ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye, kepha imiphumela izoba mibi kakhulu.
Uma ungeyena uchwepheshe wesazi sokusebenza kwezolimo, ukhohlwa ngokudla okungokoqobo kwama-currants ngomanyolo wamaminerali, ama-mullein nama-chicken droppings unomphela. Kubalimi abanolwazi olunganele, umphumela munye futhi kuphela: amaqabunga ashisiwe noma izimpande, izitshalo ezonakalisiwe.
I-Herb mulch ngaphansi kwama-currants: esebenzayo futhi enemvelo
Mayelana nokusolwa "kokungalingani" okushiwo ama-currant kanye notshani: asikwazi ukuvumela ukwakheka kwe-turf ngqo ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Ungqimba obukhulu botshani (noma enye nenye) i-mulch luvimbela ukukhula kokhula, futhi ngokushesha ngaphansi kwezihlahla, endaweni lapho inqwaba yezimpande ze-currant itholakala khona, inhlabathi ihlala ivulekile futhi inomswakama.
Uma ngesizathu esithile ungakwazi noma ungafuni ukusebenzisa i-mulching, ama-aisles angatshalwa. Kepha emhlabathini ngaphansi kwezihlahla kusasele ukukhululwa kuphela okungekho ngaphezu kuka-cm cm - umsebenzi onzima kakhulu futhi oshubile. Ngasikhathi sinye, umthamo wonyaka womanyolo ukhuphuka ngekota.
Lapho unisela, thambisa ngokulinganayo yonke indawo yombuthano wesiqu
Isimo sezulu esomile, ama-currants adinga ukuchelela, ikakhulukazi phakathi nesikhathi ukusuka ekugcineni kwezimbali kuya ekuqaleni kokufaka amajikijolo. Uma kungekho imvula, nisela kanye ngeviki ebhakedeni lamanzi esihlahleni, uswakanyise ngokulinganayo wonke umhlaba wesiyingi sesiqu. Ngesikhathi sokukhipha imibala kumazithelo ngaphambi kokuvuna, kungcono ukungamanzi, ukuze izithelo zingaboli. Ngemuva kokuvuna, ukuthambisa kuyaqhubeka kuze kube maphakathi no-Agasti. Ekwindla elomile ngemuva kokuwa kweqabunga, ukunisela ukulayisha amanzi amabhakede amathathu amanzi esihlahleni ngasinye kuyinto efiselekayo.
Ukunakekelwa kokutshala kwama-currant - ividiyo
Izihlahla zokuthena
IBlackcurrant yisitshalo esiphila esifushane. Ngisho nokuthena okujwayelekile kokuguga, akunangqondo ukuthi ugcine amahlahla amadala kuneminyaka eyishumi engadini. Ezinhlotsheni zaseYadrenaya, zikhula ngokushesha uma ziqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo eziningi, futhi amajikijolo osayizi berekhodi akhiwa kumagatsha amasha nakwizitshalo ezincane.
Lapho izihlahla, ezindala, ezinesifo, ezaphukile, amagatsha abalele emhlabathini asuswa
Unganquma kanjani:
- Ukuthenwa kokuqala kwama-currants kwenziwa ngokushesha lapho kutshalwa imbewu, lapho wonke amagatsha enqamuzwa ngama-2-3 efihlekile ngaphezulu komhlaba.
- Ngonyaka wokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, amahlumela amaningana akhula kulezi efihlekile. Entwasahlobo yonyaka wesibili bagawulwa.
- Kusuka onyakeni wesithathu, ukuthenwa kwezithelo kwenziwa ngokwemigomo ejwayelekile: njalo ngonyaka shiya amahlumela ama-basal amasha anamandla amakhulu angama-2 bese usika empandeni endala ka-2-3. Izingcezu zenziwa ezingeni lomphezulu womhlaba, ngaphandle kokushiya iziqu.
Lapho usika ngaphansi kwempande, izingcezu zenziwa ezingeni lomhlabathi, ngaphandle kokushiya iziqu
- Okokuqala, basusa konke omile, okuphukile futhi kusobala ukuthi bayagula. Ungakwenza lokhu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Izinhla ezibuthakathaka zezihlumela (zomiswa ngaphandle, zilinyazwe izinambuzane) zifinyeza engxenyeni enempilo.
- Kuyinto elula ukuncipha ngamagama amabili:
- entwasahlobo, lapho wonke umonakalo webusika nezinso ezigcwele abantu
- ekugcineni kokukha amajikijolo, lapho isivuno segatsha ngalinye namandla okukhula kubonakala kahle.
- Uma amahlumela amasha e-basal akhiwa ngaphezu kwalokho okudingekayo, lawo angeziwe anqunywa ngaphansi kwempande. Isihlahla sabadala esidalwe kahle sakhiwe ngamagatsha ayi-10-12 weminyaka ehlukile.
- Emahlathini amadala, amagatsha amadala asikwa lawo alele emhlabathini. Isihlahla esakhiwe kahle se-currant sidingi ukuxhaswa.
Isihlahla esinamandla esakhiwe kahle se-currant asidingi ukuxhaswa
Izinambuzane nezifo
Izinhlobonhlobo zeKernel zimelana negciwane le-grouse elivamile eSiberia, kepha lihlushwa kakhulu yi-anthracnose. Mayelana ne-tick yezinso, imininingwane iyaphikisana: ekuqaleni izinhlobonhlobo zazingamelana nalesi sinambuzane ezweni lakubo, kodwa lapho sikhule engxenyeni yeYurophu yezwe, sithinteka kakhulu. Izinyathelo zamakhemikhali ezisebenzayo azikho ngokulwa nezinambuzane eziningi ezinama-currant, ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa okuvamile okufika ngesikhathi kokutshala kanye nokubhujiswa kwezinambuzane kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zokuvikela ama-currants ezinambuzaneni nasezifo - itafula
| Isihloko | Kubonakala kanjani | Ukuthi wenzeni ngakho |
| Ama-aphid | Amaqabunga amancane eziqongweni zezihlumela asontekile futhi ambozwe ngezinambuzane ezincane ezinomzimba omncane. | Cindezela iziqongo ezithintekile bese ubhubhisa kanye ne-aphid. |
| I-Glassmaker | Ibhabhathane elincane elinamaphiko asobala, amacimbi alo ahlala futhi adla ngaphakathi kwamahlumela ama-currants, okubenza bome ngaphandle. |
|
| Umlilo | Ibhabhathane elincane elimpunga-elinsundu. Amacimbi akhe adla amajikijolo, aqinisa ama-cobwebs abo. |
|
| Ithikhi yezinso | Entwasahlobo, izinso ezithintekile mite aziqhakaza, kepha zikhuphuka ngamabhola, njengezikhanda ezincane zeklabishi. |
|
| UTerry | Isifo esiyingozi segciwane esiguqula izimbali ze-currant sibe yizinkanyezi ezinama-curly anamacembe amancane. | Susa futhi ushise izihlahla ezinesifo. |
| Septhemba | Ekupheleni kwehlobo, amabala amnyama anendawo emhlophe ecacile avela emaqabungeni. |
|
| Anthracnose | Kuvela amacembe amancane ansundu emaqabungeni, imifino ethinteke kakhulu iyoma bese iwa. | |
| Ukugqwala kwebhola | Ithinta kuphela ama-currants asondelene nokugobhoza kwe-sedge. Entwasahlobo, kuvela ama-tubercles aphuzi emaqabungeni. Ngomonakalo omkhulu, amaqabunga namajikijolo akhubazekile futhi awawa. | |
| Ukugqwala kwekholomu | Kuthinta ama-currants kuphela asondelene nezihlahla zikaphayini zemisedari ezigulile (umsedari waseSiberia). Ehlobo, amabala aphuzi avela emaqabungeni, kungekudala uhlangothi lwabo olungezansi lumbozwe ngembobo ebomvu |
Izinambuzane nezifo ze-currant - igalari yezithombe
- Ama-aphid amahlumela anamaqabunga asontekile ahlanganiswe ama-aphid kumele akhishwe futhi abhujiswe
- I-Currant-glass-kesi - uvemvane oluncane olunamaphiko asobala
- Izibungu zeglasi zihlala ngaphakathi kwamagatsha e-currant, zizenze zome
- I-Currant mousse - uvemvane omncane, ongabonakali, ofana nenundu
- Amacimbi esihlahla somlilo adla amajikijolo ama-currant, awaqinisa ngama-cobwebs
- Amahlumela we-currant athinteka umkhaza athelwa phezulu ngamabhola, amaqabunga awaqhakaza
- I-currant terry isifo esingalapheki segciwane
- Nge-septoria, amabala anesikhungo esimhlophe avela emaqabunga
- Lapho kuthinteka kakhulu i-anthracnose, amaqabunga ayoma futhi awe
- Ukugqwala kwesiqu kuthinta ama-currants asondele kakhulu emgodini odonsayo
- I-Column rust - isifo esivamile se-currant nephayini yemisedari (umsedari waseSiberia)
Abalimi ababuyekezi nge-Yadrenaya ehlukahlukene
Ngathi ukuvalelisa kuleli banga. Ijikijolo inkulu, kepha ivuthwa ngokungalingani ebhulashi, uma ulindela ukuvuthwa okugcwele, khona-ke owokuqala uzokhubeka. Yebo, futhi ukunambitheka kungukuphambanisa.
UNab//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=7873
Ukungalingani ngandlela-thile, + noma okwami, ukuthola ama-compote. Uma uyiqhathanisa ne-Selechenskaya-2, i-Yadrennaya ine-flavour ye-currant ebunjiwe futhi emuncu. Kuzolungiswa ukuze kucutshungulwe, futhi kimi kuvuthwa phambi kwabo bonke abanye. Kepha bangani, ukuzovakasha, bayamangala ngosayizi.
IStirlitz//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=7873
Nge-berry - enkulu kunazo zonke. Ama-berry angenasisekelo iqiniso. Kepha isivuno sihle. Nquma konke ukububula okungamabibi. Ngonyaka odlule - kunikeza isivuno esihle samajikijolo amakhulu futhi angenabuntu ngokulinganayo. Umdwebo omkhulu ukufakwa kwamahlumela alayishwe ngesitshalo. Ukuhamba kwamajikijolo nakho kufuna okungcono kakhulu.
USergey Protsenko//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?s=47ea6a9e2cad5b3febe6b46f25ea902b&t=7873&page=2
Lo nyaka, ngesiphethu esibi, lapho iqhwa lihlasela -11 ku-efihlekile evulekile, izinhlobonhlobo zeYadrenaya zibonakalise ziyisisebenzi esithembekile.Ezinye izinhlobo azizange ziqhakaze, futhi lokhu kuhlukahluka kumane nje kusakazeke ngezimbali. Ngakho-ke ngingayincoma enyakatho. Amjabulele kakhulu.
I-CTU//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?s=47ea6a9e2cad5b3febe6b46f25ea902b&t=7873&page=2
Izinhlobonhlobo zeYadrenaya sezivele seziziphilele. Wathinteka kakhulu umkhaza futhi izinga lokuthola ikoloni kubo yiminyaka engu-1-2. Ngaphezu kokushaywa y umkhaza, i-Nucleus inezici zokuwohloka, okungukuthi, kwesinye isikhathi ihlumela likhula ngamajikijolo asayizi omncane kakhulu futhi kancane kancane ama-bush degenerates.
UVictor Bratkin//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=5155&start=30
Ngaphandle kokushiyeka, izinhlobonhlobo zeYadrenaya zizothandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaqadi isikhathi eside esizayo. Amajikijolo awo omuncu amnandi alungele ukuhanjiswa futhi acutshungulwe, futhi ukukhuthazela kwawo ekushiseni nasekubandeni kukuvumela ukuba ukhule lokhu okuhlukahlukene ezifundeni ezinezimo ezingezinhle kakhulu zokutshala ingadi.
