Ngenxa yokuthandwa okukhulu kwalesi sitshalo esihlwabusayo nesinempilo, izinhlobo zezambane ezikhishwe ngabalimi ziqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo. Bazama ukuthuthukisa izimfanelo zayo zemvelo, futhi ngokuvamile baphumelela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuchichima kwezinhlobo zamazambane kungangqubuzana nalokho okwamanje okungenasici.
Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna izinhlobo ezihlolwe yizikhathi nezizukulwane eziningi zabalimi, kufanele nakanjani uqaphele uLorch. Futhi kule ngqikithi sizokunikeza incazelo yalezi ezihlukahlukene, sikutshele ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bobuchwepheshe bayo bezobuchwepheshe, sikutshele mayelana nokuqhuma kwezifo nokukwazi ukuhlaselwa yizinambuzane.
Lorch amazambane: incazelo ehlukahlukene
| Igama leBanga | I-Lorch |
| Izici ezijwayelekile | ukuhluka okude okude kwesikhathi sezinhloso zomhlaba wonke wezithelo ezivuthiwe ezinambitheka kakhulu |
| Isikhathi sokubeletha | Izinsuku ezingu-110-120 |
| Okuqukethwe kwesitashi | 15-20% |
| Izikhulu eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa | 90-120 g |
| Inombolo yezilimo eziyizigaxa ehlathini | 9-11 |
| Ukuthela | 250-350 c / ha |
| Ikhwalithi yabathengi | ukunambitheka okuhle, inyama enamahloni, hhayi ukumnyama uma kuphekwe, kufanelwe ukucubungula isitashi |
| I-Recumbency | 88-92% |
| Umbala wesikhumba | ophuzi |
| Umbala we-Pulp | mhlophe |
| Izifunda ezikhulayo ezikhethiwe | North-West, Central, Volga-Vyatka, Central Black Earth, eNyakatho Caucasus, Central Volga, Lower Volga, Ural naseNtshonalanga yeSiberia |
| Izifo zokuphikisa | unomdlavuza womdlavuza wamazambane, i-nematode ne-scab, ngokumelene nesimo esibucayi sekwephuzile |
| Izici zokukhula | ayibekezeli izinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokuntuleka komswakama |
| Umsunguli | I-GNU Institute of Potato Ipulazi. I-A.G. Lorch, GNU Penza NIISH |
I-Lorch yiyona edala kunazo zonke ezifuywayo zezambane ezifuywayo, yakhiwa ngo-1922 esiteshini sokuzalanisa amazambane, manje esaziwa ngokuthi i-All-Russian Research Institute yasePotato Farming. Leli banga lalingu edalwe ngumfuyi A. G. Lorchngokudumisa igama lakhe. Kufakwe kwiRejista kaHulumeni kusukela ngo-1931. I-Potato izinhlobo ze-Research Institute. Lorch: Injabulo, Aspia, Barin, Bronnitsky, Vasilek nezinye izinhlobo.
Ikhuluma ngezinhlobo eziphakathi kwezinkathi zokugcina zamazambane, inkathi yayo ekhulayo Izinsuku ezingu-80 - ezingu-100. Inezinhloso zetafula, futhi ibuye ifanele ukucubungula isitashi. Okuqukethwe kwalokhu okulandelayo angakwazi ukufinyelela ku-20% nangaphezulu.
Etafuleni elingezansi ungabona ukuthi bangaki amaphesenti wesitashi atholakala kwezinye izinhlobo zamazambane bese uwaqhathanisa nalokhu:
| Igama leBanga | Okuqukethwe kwesitashi |
| I-Lorch | 15-20% |
| I-Grenada | 10-17% |
| Cheri | 11-15% |
| Natasha | 11-14% |
| Zekura | 13-18% |
| Bullfinch | 15-16% |
| Timo | 13-14% |
| Spring | 11-15% |
| Molly | 13-22% |
| I-giant | 16-19% |
| Santana | 13-17% |
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ku-Lorch zinkulu, zinzima futhi ziyi-oblong, isisindo esijwayelekile sesithelo esisodwa se-115 g. I-peel yincani futhi ibushelelezi, i-beige elula. Pulp ezimhlophe futhi ezihlwabusayo kakhulu, inqubo yokupheka i-crumbly. Ayinazo izindawo zokugcoba ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa.
Ukukhiqiza kuhle, ngokulimala okungenani 25 - 35 t / ha. I-bumpiness nayo iphezulu futhi igcina cishe u-88 - 92%.
Isivuno sezinye izinhlobo zokuqhathaniswa sinikezwe etafuleni elingezansi:
| Igama leBanga | Ukuthela |
| I-Lorch | 250-350 c / ha |
| The hostess | 180-380 c / ha |
| League | 210-350 c / ha |
| I-handsome | 170-280 kg / ha |
| Svitanok Kiev | kufika ku-460 c / ha |
| Borovichok | 200-250 abaphakathi / ha |
| I-Lapot | 400-500 c / ha |
| Owesifazane waseMelika | 250-420 c / ha |
| Colombo | 220-420 c / ha |
| Fantasy Red | 260-380 c / ha |
Siyakunikisela ulwazi oluwusizo mayelana nezakhiwo zamazambane: kungani i-solanine iyingozi futhi ijusi lezambane liwusizo, kungenzeka yini ukuba uyidle eluhlaza futhi kuyini ukusetshenziswa kwamahlumela.
Ikhwalithi yokugcina yezilimo eziyizigaxa zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zihloniphekile, ezisiza ngokugcina isitoreji eside emasimini. Amehlo amancane futhi awavamile.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nesikhathi, izinga lokushisa nokugcina amazambane, izinkinga ezivela.Futhi mayelana nendlela yokugcina izimpande ebusika, ezitolo zemifino nasezimo zefulethini, emabhokisini, emabhokisini, esiqandisini, nokuthi kungenziwa ngendlela ehlanzekile.
Isithombe
Bheka ngezansi: "Izithombe ze-Lorch"
Izihlahla kuleli klasi ziphezulu futhi zihlanganiswa. Amahlamvu nawo aqinile, futhi amaqabunga ngokwawo ankulu futhi ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aphikisana nebuthakathaka. I-corollas yamahlathini inkulu Yiba ne-nice hue elibomvu elibomvu elibomvu.
Izici
Ngenxa yobudala bakhe, uLorch wayesejwayele ngokuphelele ezindaweni eziningi zeRussia Federation, kodwa futhi nakwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane. Futhi wakhe uthanda futhi ingaphandle enhle uhlobo lwezithelo lanikeza okungaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi yokuthengisa okuphumelelayo ezimakethe eziningi zaseYurophu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhohlwa ukuthi isetshenziselwa izinhloso zezimboni ukukhiqiza isitashi.
KUBALULEKILE! Mayelana nokukhethwa kwendawo yokutshala, kubalulekile ukugcizelela lokhu okulandelayo: izitshalo ezincane zalesi siko samazambane azithandi ukushisa okukhulu nokuntuleka komswakama emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, abalimi basezindaweni eziseningizimu kufanele balungiselele izimo ezinhle zokunisela, okungcono ngokuzenzakalela.
Ngokukhethwa kwenhlabathi, lokhu okuhlukahlukene akukona okwenzekayo, noma kunjalo ngokuntuleka kwe-potassium ne-phosphorus emhlabathini izithelo ezitholakala zingase zibe nokubukeka okuncane kakhulu. Abanye balimi nabo bakhetha ukusika izinto zabo zokutshala ukwandisa ubungakanani bawo. Futhi uma izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zingasinda kule nqubo ngokulahlekelwa okuncane, ngakho-ke uma kwenzeka u-Lorch, izinga nevolumu yesitshalo lizokwehla kakhulu.
Ukutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa zakho ezihlwanyelwe kungemigodi engaba ngu-8 cm ejulile. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zamazambane, Izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-Lorch kufanele zifakwe phansi. Lokhu kuvuselela ukwakhiwa kwezihlahla ezitshalazayo, okuzokwenza, ngokufanele, kube nokukhanya okungcono. Ngemuva kwalokho, izitshalo zakho zidinga ukuhlinzeka ngokugunyaza, umanyolo we-nitrojeni ongasetshenziswa esiteji sesitshalo kufanelekile lapha.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungadla kanjani amazambane, iziphi umquba ezihamba kahle nokuthi kungani ochwepheshe batusa ukusetshenziswa kwamaminerali. Futhi futhi nini futhi kanjani ukondla, kanjani ukukwenza lapho utshala.
Ngokuvamile, izindlela ze-agrotechnical zokutshala lezi zinhlobonhlobo zisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa, ukulawula ukhula, ukuguqulwa, uma kunesidingo nokufunwa.
Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi udinga amazambane amakhulu, impendulo yalo mbuzo ingatholakala esihlokweni sethu sesayithi.Uzofunda nokuthi yimaphi amathuluzi angasetshenziselwa ukukhuphuka, ukuthi ibhukwana lihluke kanjani kumakhambi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthola isivuno esihle ngaphandle kokusilahla nokukhuphuka.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ukuphazamisa okwesikhashana
Ngakho-ke, isivikelo esihle kakhulu: izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukulimala, ukugqwala, i-bacteriosis, i-Alternaria, i-verticilliasis, i-Fusarium. Izifo ezimbili kuphela zingathola igebe ekuzivikeleni kwakhe: isikhumba nomdlavuza.
Umdlavuza we-mbatata uyingozi kakhulu futhi ungathinta kuphela amazambane ngokwawo, kodwa futhi inhlabathi ewuzungezayo. Ngakho-ke, uma izitshalo zakho zisagula ngabo, ke konke Izihlahla ezithintekile kufanele zishiswe ngokushesha.
Futhi kulokhu kuzodingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ukujikelezwa kwezitshalo ezifanele. Okusho ukuthi, yihlanganisa izitshalo ezizolimala ezizoqeda inhlabathi yakho yomdlavuza iminyaka engaba ngu-6. Mayelana nama-agent wokuvikela amakhemikhali, ukwelashwa kwezilimo eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa ezineziko lesisekelo noma benomyl ukumiswa kungasiza.
Ekulweni nokulwa nama-scabs, futhi, ukuhlonipha ukujikeleza kwezitshalo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwempahla yokutshala okunempilo kuzosiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-siderata iyaphazamisa kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo. Ngokuphathelene namakhemikhali, i-Trichodermin izoba usizo kakhulu. Bangakwazi ukuqoqa kokubili izilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nenhlabathi ngokwalo.
Kule vidiyo ungabona izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokubhekana nesibalo:
Uma sikhuluma ngezilokazane, ngokuvamile abalimi kufanele balwe ne-Colorado amazambane beetle kanye nezibungu zalo, nebheyi, i-wireworm, ama-mbatata amabhu.
Sikumema ukuthi uzijwayele ngezinto zokwenza izinyathelo eziphumelela kakhulu:
- Ungasusa kanjani i-wireworm engadini yakho.
- Sichitha iMedvedka ngosizo lwamakhemikhali nezindlela zomuntu.
- Yini ezosiza ngokumelene nenundu yamazambane: ingxenye 1 nengxenye 2.
- Ekulweni neColorado zonke izindlela zilungile - abantu kanye namakhemikhali:
- Aktara.
- I-Regent
- Ubukhosi.
- Corado.
Akuyona ize ukuthi uLorch uhlala ehlukahlukene yizitshalo ezithandwayo ngisho neminyaka engu-80 ngemva kokudalwa kwayo. Umvuno ophezulu, ukumelana nezifo eziningi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinhloso zezimboni isikhathi eside kuzokwenza lokhu kuhloswe kudingeke. Futhi uma kukhona okudingekayo, kusho ukuthi okungenani kufanele umzamo owenziwe ekulimeni kwawo.
Siphinde sinikeze ukujwayela ezinye izindlela zezamazambane ezikhulayo, isibonelo, ngobuchwepheshe beDutch. Futhi futhi ukufunda zonke iziqili zomsebenzi ngezinhlobo zakuqala, izindlela zokukhula ngaphansi komshini, kusuka ezinhlameni, ezikhwameni, emabhokisini nasemibhalweni.
Futhi etafuleni elingezansi uzothola izixhumanisi ezinhlobonhlobo zamazambane kanye nemigomo yokuvuthwa ehluke kakhulu evezwe kuwebhusayithi yethu:
| Phakathi nonyaka | Ukuphumula okuphakathi | Ngaphambi kokuqala |
| I-giant | Melody | Innovator |
| I-Tuscany | I-Margarita | I-handsome |
| Yanka | Alladin | Owesifazane waseMelika |
| Ubunkungu bukaLilac | Isibindi | I-Krone |
| I-Openwork | Ubuhle | Bonisa |
| Desiree | Milady | Elizabeth |
| Santana | I-Lemongrass | I-Vega |
