Abantu babizwa ngokuthi "amagilebhisi asenyakatho" isihlahla esidumile esidumile - i-gooseberry. Waduma ngezakhiwo eziwusizo, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, ukuzithoba nokulula ukulinyelwa. Futhi-ke, manje, akuvamile ukuba uhlangane nekhishi lasehlobo, lapho izihlahla ezi-2-3 zalesi sitshalo zingeke zikhule.
Ukutshala ama-gooseberries
Kukholelwa ukuthi isikhathi esihle kunazo zonke sokutshala ama-gooseberry siza ekupheleni kukaSepthemba futhi siphela maphakathi no-Okthoba. Vele, njengezinye izihlahla eziningi, zingatshalwa entwasahlobo, kepha impumelelo yomcimbi onjalo (ukusinda okulula kwesithombo nokukhula okuhle ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila) kuphakama kakhulu ngesikhathi sokutshala kwekwindla.
Ukutshala amagqabi entwasahlobo
Izithombo zejamuberry ezitshalwe entwasahlobo zingathatha isikhathi eside, ngoba ukushisa kuqala, inhlabathi iyoma, futhi izimpande azikabi nesikhathi sokuzinza ezimeni ezintsha. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokutshala, isihlahla esisha sibekwa kahle kakhulu endaweni yesixazululo sanoma iyiphi i-biostimulator yokwenziwa - u-Epin, Zircon, Kornevin (okuhlushwa nesikhathi kukhonjisiwe kwimiyalo). Entwasahlobo, ukutshala emgodini olungiselelwe kusuka ekwindla enomsoco womhlabathi kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha. Yebo, uma ungakwenza engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Ephreli. Kubalulekile ukuthi isithombo asikasuki ku-"hibernation" ebusika. Lapho ukuqhakaza kuqala ukuqhakaza, amathuba okusinda ngempumelelo azoncishiswa kakhulu.
Kungcono ukutshala izithombo ngokungacabangi entwasahlobo, cishe ngo-45mayelana zihlobene nomhlabathi, noma imvamisa (isb. ekwindla), abakwenzi lokhu ngama-gooseberry. Isikhundla esithambekele esihlahleni sizosiza ukuthi sakhe ngokushesha uhlelo lwezimpande. Lokhu kuzosheshisa ukwakheka kwamahlumela amasha we-basal, futhi isitshalo sizomila kalula endaweni entsha. Amahlumela aphambili kufanele ancishiswe kakhulu, okungenani - aze afike ku-15-20 cm, eshiya ama-3-4 efihlekile egatsheni ngalinye (akunconywa ukusika amahlumela ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla).
Ukutshala ugqumugqumu ekwindla
Ekwindla, kufanele uzame ukuqeda ukutshala ama-gooseberries ukuze amasonto ama-2-3 asele ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izimpande ezincane ze-fibrous ezidingeka kakhulu ekukhuleni okulandelayo zingabanda. Kungcono ukhethe usuku oluzolile, olungenamafu ukuze izimpande zethenda zingavuthi ekutshaleni umoya ovulekile.
Nomaphi lapho kuthengiswa khona isithombo, kufanele ilethwe emgodini wokufika ingome kakhulu noma ilimele.
Ngokutshala kwekwindla, izinga lokusinda kwama-gooseberries licishe libe yi-100%. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, izimpande zinesikhathi sokuqina futhi sikhule, futhi entwasahlobo ziqala ukukhula ngokushesha, lapho nje umhlabathi usunqunqiswa futhi kufakwa izinga lokushisa elifanele. Umhlaba uyakwazi ukuphatha futhi uzinze kuze kube yilapho kubanda kakhulu ekwindla. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuhlanganiswa, kungakuhle ukuthi ungeze inani elincanyana le mulch ngaphansi kwesihlahla.
Ukufakelwa ugqumugqumu
Izihlahla ze-gooseberry kufanele zithathwe esikhundleni ekwindla kuphela, ukuze ngokuthembekile zinezimpande endaweni entsha.
- Ngemuva kokukhetha indawo efanelekile nokulungisa inhlabathi, amagatsha amadala futhi angadingekile anqunywa ngama-secateurs abukhali eduze komhlabathi, angashiyi amahlumela amancane, angama-6 - 7 aphilile futhi aqinile anamagxolo abushelelezi, angonakalisiwe. Lezi amahlumela zifinyezwa cishe ingxenye yesithathu.
- Ukususa kalula isihlahla emhlabathini kalula futhi ngaphandle komonakalo, bmba umsele oyindilinga ozungeza wonke umkhawulo wesihlahla cishe ngo-30 cm ukusuka kusisekelo sawo. Izimpande eziwugqinsi, uma ziphazamisa ukumba, zinganqunywa, lokhu ngeke kulimaze ama-gooseberries ekwindla.
- Ngefosholo noma ngosizo lwesikhubekiso, isihlahla siyasuswa emhlabathini, kanye nesigaxa esikhulu esimanzi, sibekwa udoti (indwangu eminyene, umgqekezi, indwangu yamafutha) bese sidluliselwa kwisiza esisha sokufika.
Ubuchwepheshe bokufakelwa kwezitshalo awufani nokutshala izithombo ezincane, kuphela kulula kakhulu ukwenza lokhu ndawonye.
Ukukhetha kwesihlalo
Ubuningi bokutshala izihlahla ze-gooseberry kuya ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, isimo sendawo, isimo sezulu, kepha ibanga elijwayelekile phakathi kwezihlahla zilandelana kufanele libe ngamamitha ayi-1.5. Ngokuvamile izihlahla zitshalwa ngemigqa, phakathi kwemigqa ishiye isikhala esingu-2 m ububanzi.
Ama-Gooseberry angasetshenziswa njengezithako
Abandulelayo nomakhelwane
Izihlahla ze-Gooseberry kufanele zivikelwe noma yikuphi ukutshala izihlahla, ikakhulukazi emimoyeni ekhona. Ebusika, lezi zihlahla zisiza ukuqongelela iqhwa eliningi, zifaka isandla ekuqandeni kwenhlabathi encane, ehlobo ziyawunciphisa umoya owomile wokugeleza komoya. Izandulelo ezinhle kakhulu ze-gooseberries ngamazambane nanoma yimiphi imifino, kodwa hhayi ama-berry bush.
Udonga lwendlu luzovikela isihlahla kahle emimoyeni. Kepha ukhula olusele luzothusa ukukhula kwesithombo eselukhule kahle.
Ungatshala utamatisi eduze kwama-gooseberries, okuyizitha zemvelo zezinambuzane eziningi zasengadini, kanye nama-currants abomvu. Eduze kwesihlahla esivame ukutshala noma imaphi amakhambi anamakha (iminti, i-balm, i-dill) noma i-garlic - zixosha ama-aphid kahle. Ama-raspberry noma ama-cherries akufanele abekwe eduzane: azokucwila, ahlume ngisho ngaphakathi kwesihlahla se-gooseberry.
Inhlabathi nokukhanya
Kungcono ukubeka izindawo ezinomswakama kahle enomhlabathi ongaphefumulelwa ngaphansi kwe-gooseberry. Uma ukuzuma isikhathi eside komswakama kungenzeka, khona-ke ukukhula kwesihlahla kuzoba buthaka, futhi ingozi yokulimala kwezifo inkulu. Ezindaweni eziphansi, ama-gooseberry avame ukuthintwa yi-powdery hlobo, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezindala. Ama-Gooseberry abekezelela kakhulu isomiso kunama-currants, futhi izindawo ezivulekile, ezifudumele zingcono kakhulu kuye.
Ukulungisa inhlabathi yokutshala
Ngenani elanele lomanyolo elisetshenzisiwe, ama-gooseberries anika izivuno eziphezulu ngisho nasenhlabathini enesihlabathi, kodwa kungcono ukuthi abe ngumthamo okhanyayo. I-shrub futhi ibekezelela ukwanda kwe-acidity, ibekezelela inhlabathi ngenani le-pH ifinyelela ku-5.5.
Esizeni, njengokujwayelekile lapho utshala izihlahla, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukufeza ukuhlela, ukuqeda amagquma aphakeme ngokungadingekile nokucekelwa phansi okujulile. Njengoba usakaze umanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali (futhi uma kwenzeka inhlabathi ene-acidic kakhulu ne-lime), kubalulekile ukumba isiza kahle kuze kufike ekujuleni kophawu lwefosholo, ususe ama-rhizomes okhula, ikakhulukazi lawo angapheli. Kuphela izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kwalokhu, kuyadingeka ukuqala ukumba imigodi yokufika.
Ungatshala kanjani ama-gooseberry
Ngaphambi kokutshala, izithombo ze-gooseberry kufanele okungenani zibe nezimpande ezingama-4-5 obukhulu (kufika ku-20 cm ubude) nge-lobe ekhule kahle, kanye namagatsha eyodwa noma amabili angaphandle angama-30-40 cm ubude ngaphezu kwezimpande.
- Ngokutshala kwekwindla, imigodi ilungiswa amasonto angama-2-3 ngaphambi kokutshala, ngentwasahlobo - ukuwa kwangaphambilini. Entwasahlobo kuzoba nzima ukwenza (inhlabathi imanzi kakhulu emva kobusika). Amapayipi ambiwa ngokujula okungamasentimitha angama-40-45 nobubanzi obungama-50-60 cm. Kuyadingeka ukugcina ungqimba lomhlaba olungaphezulu, oluvundile, futhi phansi (kaningi lokhu kuwubumba olunzima olungenamsebenzi) kufanele kususwe ngokuphelele (ezindleleni, ngaphandle kwensimu). Uma izihlahla eziningana zitshalwe ngasikhathi sinye, kulula kakhulu ukumba ngaphandle ngisho nomgodi, kepha umgodi wokufika (wethamo) wobude obudingekayo.
- Gcwalisa umgodi ngokumba cishe 75% wenhlabathi evundile, ngemuva kokuwuxuba nomanyolo. Kuhle ukwazi ukuthi ama-gooseberries ikakhulukazi "athanda" umanyolo we-potash, ngakho-ke akufanele umshiye umlotha ojwayelekile emlilweni. Uma sikhuluma ngomanyolo owuthengiwe wamaminerali, khona-ke cishe ama-40 g we-potassium sulfate, aze afike ku-200 g we-superphosphate kanye namabhakede ama-2 womquba obunjiwe ayadingeka emgodini ngamunye. Ungathela umgodi ngamabhakede amanzi noma amabili (uma isimo sezulu sesomile) bese ulinda amasonto angama-2-3.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala, izingxenye ezonakalisiwe zezimpande namagatsha wesithombo kufanele ziklanywe nge-secateurs ebukhali, bese ucwilisa izimpande nge-mash yobumba.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zesithombo zingacwilisa engxube yamanzi nobumba
- Ngokungafani nama-currants, ama-gooseberries, ikakhulukazi ekwindla, atshalwa cishe angaboli. Intamo yezimpande ingcwatshwe ngaphansi kuka-5-6 cm ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi.
- Isithombo kufanele sibekwe emgodini, sisakaze izimpande, simboze ngomhlaba, kancane kancane sikuhlanganisele ngonyawo noma ngesandla. Ngezikhathi ezithile, lesi yisithombo siyanyakaziswa kancane ukuze kuqedwe izimbotshana ezingaphakathi kwenhlabathi ezizothululelwa.
Inhlabathi uma utshala isihlahla kudingeka ihlanganiswe
- Lapho ungasaziboni izimpande, uthele amalitha amanzi angama-5- 10 emgodini. Iyangenwa - gcwalisa umgodi phezulu, wenze umgodi (uthela izinhlangothi zomhlaba) bese uthela enye ingxenye yebhakede lamanzi.
Ukuvimbela amanzi ukuthi angabhebhetheki, yenza umgodi esihlahleni esihlahleni
- Uma womile (ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo), yi-mulch ngomhlabathi okungenani owomile, noma ungcono - i-peat noma i-humus enhle. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, amanzi kanye ne-mulch ayaphinda.
I-Gooseberry bush ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokutshala
Ividiyo: Ukutshala i-Gooseberry ekwindla
Ama-Gooseberry cuttings
Uma ihlathi le-gooseberry selivele likhula engadini yakho, khona-ke akudingekile ukuthola izithombo ezintsha. Isiko lingasakazwa ngokusikwa.
- Maphakathi noJuni, udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela amahlahla aphilile.
- Khetha ukukhula okuqinile kwe-lateral kusuka ngonyaka odlule bese usike izihloko ezimfushane (ubude obuyi-5-6 cm).
- Susa izinyembezi kuwo wonke amaqabunga, ngaphandle kwale amabili aphezulu, bese uyitshala ngethambeka endaweni ebamba ukushisa (ebangeni elingaba ngu-7 cm, ukusika okukodwa kusuka kolunye).
- Amanzi, amboze ngamafreyimu nomthunzi.
- Ungavuli ozimele ngeviki lokuqala, kodwa vele unikeze abamba ukushisa kusihlwa. Futhi-ke, kuze kube yilapho sekuwa, ukutshala okuhlelekile nokunisela kuyadingeka. Amafreyimu nomjiko kufanele kususwe ngemuva kokubamba izingcembe.
Emhlabathini ovulekile, ukusika okugxilile kudluliselwe kubanga elanele (15-20 cm) ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Futhi emva konyaka ungabheka izithombo ezinhle.
Ungayakha kanjani i-gooseberry ejwayelekile
Ukukhula kwama-gooseberry ngendlela evamile kukuvumela ukuthi uthole umuthi omncane esikhundleni sesihlahla.
Izinhlobo ezinkulu ezinezithelo ezinkulu ezingesabi i-powdery hlobo zikhethwa ngale ndlela yokulima. Ama-gooseberry atshalwe njengenjwayelo (mhlawumbe ekwindla), kepha amshiya ihlumela elilodwa eliqinile, amanye asikwa ezimpandeni. Ungakha okujwayelekile kusuka kwisithombo esivuthiwe, esimile kahle futhi ekukhuleni ngokusobala.
Yonke imihlahlandlela isuselwa kudubulo olukhethiwe, ngaphandle kwabambalwa abaphezulu. Ingaphezulu laleli bhokisi limiswe kancane. Lapho-ke lesi sitshalo siqashwa njalo, amagatsha avela esiqwini endaweni ephakeme ngokushesha anqunywa. Ngale ndlela, umqhele oyindilinga ococekile kancane kancane wakhiwa esihlahleni se-gooseberry. Njalo ehlobo ekupheleni kukaJuni, wonke amahlumela asemaceleni afushaniswa abe ngamaqabunga ayi-4-5.
Ukwenza i-gooseberry enesimo esijwayelekile, kufanele sinqunywe njalo, sakhe umqhele phezulu kwehlumela
Izici zokutshala ama-gooseberry ezifundeni
Ama-gooseberry atshalwe ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zezulu, futhi inqubo yokutshala yona, empeleni, iyafana. Lesi isihlahla esingakhethi kahle esikhula ngezimo ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, esimweni sezulu esibi, kusenama-nuances athile.
Ukutshala i-Gooseberry eSiberia
ESiberia, ama-gooseberry abhekwa njengesiko sekhava. Ebusika, kuyo yonke insimu yaseSiberia, kokubili ukukhula konyaka nezimpande ezisondele ebusweni bomhlaba zivame ukubanda. Kulokhu, ekugcineni ekwindla, izihlahla zasebusika ziqinisekile ukugoba ngokucophelela, zikhonkotha amagatsha enhlabathini nganoma iyiphi into efanelekile, ukuze ekugcineni embozwe ngeqhwa ngokuthembekile. Ukuvuthwa okumpofu, njengomthetho, kufakwa kumanyolo noma ngezihlahla eziwugqinsi kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, isici sokutshala kwama-gooseberry kule ndawo ukugcina ibanga elikhudlwana phakathi kwezitshalo. ESiberia, ama-gooseberry atshalwe ngandlela thile ngaphambili kunokujwayelekile - kusukela ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba.
Ukutshala ugqumugqumu e-Ukraine
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-Ukraine iyizwe lesibili ngobukhulu eYurophu, futhi isimo sezulu ezindaweni zalo ezahlukahlukene sehluka kakhulu. Isibonelo, izinsuku zokutshala ezifanele kakhulu ze-gooseberries enkabeni nasenyakatho ye-Ukraine zisekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Isihlahla, esitshalwe ngesikhathi esifanele, simile kahle, entwasahlobo ngokushesha siqala ukukhula, sikhule ngokuqinile, sikhule futhi sinikeze isivuno sokuqala ngesikhathi. Eningizimu ye-Ukraine, lapho isimo sezulu sincane khona, ama-gooseberries atshalwa kamuva - ukusuka maphakathi no-Okthoba kuze kube sekupheleni kukaNovemba.
Ukutshala i-Gooseberry eBelarus
Ama-gooseberry atshalwe kuyo yonke ingadi eBelarus, futhi lokhu kuyisiko elide: Ngemuva kwakho konke, enye yezinhlobo zakudala ezinhle kakhulu enezithelo ezinkulu ibizwa ngokuthi iBelorussky. Njengoba isimo sezulu kule republic singafani nhlobo nasesifundeni esiphakathi neRussia, ubuchwepheshe bokutshala abufani kunoma yini ethize. Abantu baseBelarusi bavame ukwenza umkhuba wokutshala kwentwasahlobo, kepha bakwenza ekuseni kakhulu - ngisho nango-Mashi, ngokushesha nje lapho isimo sezulu sivuma.
Abalimi be-Belarusian baxwayisa ukutshala i-elderberry emnyama noma ebomvu eduze kwe-gooseberry, futhi ehlobo njalo bahlakaza amagatsha awo ngaphansi kwesihlahla se-gooseberry.
Ukutshala i-Gooseberry ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba
Ukutshala ama-gooseberries ezingadini eduze kwaseMoscow kungcono kakhulu ekwindla. Esifundeni saseMoscow, inhlangano yokuthengisa izinto zokutshala manje ibekwe kahle. Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukwenzeka ukuthenga isithombo ngohlelo lwezimpande oluvaliwe, okungukuthi, esitsheni. Kulokhu, ama-gooseberry angatshalwa ngesigaxa sodaka sonke ehlobo.
Isithombo enesistimu yezimpande evaliwe ingatshalwa ngisho ehlobo
Lapho ukutshala izihlahla eziningi ze-gooseberry, zigcina ibanga lokufika kumamitha amabili phakathi kwazo: esifundeni saseMoscow, izihlahla ezinobukhulu obukhulu zivame ukukhula.
Ubungqabavu besimo sezulu saseMoscow isimo esanele semvula kanye nokungabikho kokushisa okushintshashintshayo, ngakho-ke izitshalo zisakha ngokushesha uhlaza oluhlaza. Imigodi yokutshala esifundeni saseMosike ilungiswa ngebubanzi nokujula okungamamitha ayi-0,5-0.6 Ngaphezu kwenhlabathi ephezulu, umquba ongu-10-12 kg womgquba noma ingxube ye-peat kanye nomquba (4: 1 ngevolumu) ubekwa emgodini. Kusetshenziswa noma yimuphi umanyolo we-organic, kepha uvame ukuxutshwa ne-peat, okungapheleli esifundeni. I-Peat ithuthukisa kakhulu i-aeration yenhlabathi, ukuyakha kahle.
Ukubuyekezwa
Lapho utshala ama-gooseberries entwasahlobo, udinga ukusika igatsha ngesigamu, kwi-bud eqonde ngaphakathi, kepha uma itshalwe ekwindla, ungakwenza lokhu kwentwasahlobo elandelayo.
Kuthunyelwe ngu
I-Mandrake
Umthombo:
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/14888/page-5
Izithelo ezincane ze-gooseberries zingikhumbuza kakhulu imbulunga encane, ihlukaniswe ngama-meridians amancane nokufana. Ebuntwaneni bami, ngibheka ama-gooseberries, ngacabanga amazwekazi wonke nezwekazi, elikule bheri encane. Futhi ngisho nanamuhla ngivame ukucabanga ukuthi ama-gooseberries ayikhophi elincanyana lomhlaba.
T. Ukuthula//flap.rf/Animals_and_plants/ Ama-Gooseberry
Nginezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-gooseberry ezikhula engadini yami, ngayinye yazo ine-acidic noma imnandi kakhulu, kepha ngithanda zonke izinhlobo. Amajikijolo amahle okumnandi ongawukhipha esihlahleni bese udla ngokushesha. Kuyadabukisa ukuthi isihlahla sikhulu kakhulu. Ama-gooseberry engadini yami avuthwe isikhathi eside. Sengimfuna!
U-Eugene M.//vseotzyvy.ru/item/6448/reviews-kryizhovnik/
I-Gooseberry isiko elingabekezeleleki, futhi ungatshala isitshalo cishe kunoma yisiphi isifunda sezwe. Ukutshala okufanelekile, okunikezwe inketho enkulu yenhlabathi, umanyolo kanye nemigomo, kuqinisekisa impilo nokuqina okwalandelayo kwesihlahla.
