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Isitshalo semifino

Ukuhlwanyela nini futhi kanjani ukutshala imbewu yokusanhlamvu emhlabathini ovulekile noma ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo? Izincomo ezisebenzayo zokuhlwanyela

Isidakamizwa sekuyisikhathi eside sesinye semifino ethandwa kakhulu eRussia. Sekuyisikhathi eside sekusetshenziselwa ukulungiselela izitsha eziningi.

Isithombo sizohlobisa izitsha zakho, zikhanyise futhi zibe mnandi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inenombolo enkulu yezakhiwo eziwusizo.

Le mifuno ingathengwa esitolo, kodwa kuyoba usizo kakhulu ukuyikhula engadini.

Izici ezikhulayo izinhlobo ezahlukene zeziko

Ezolimo, zikhula izinhlobo eziningana zesithombo:

  • umnyama;
  • obomvu;
  • oluhlaza
  • mhlophe

Ukuze ukutshala isithombo kunemithetho yonke evumelana nezinhlobo eziningi. Ukulima kwe-Agrotechnical akusho umehluko othile.

Ukuhambisana namanye amasiko

Isidakamizwa sinezidingo zayo ezitshalweni eziseduze. Ezinye izitshalo zemifino zivimbela ukukhula kwale mifino, kanti ukusondela kwabanye, ngokuphambene nalokho, kuthinta kakhulu ukukhula kwabo.
  1. Isithombo sikhula kahle eduze:
    • izaqathe;
    • ukhukhamba;
    • utamatisi;
    • ikhabe;
    • i-parsnip;
    • i-beetroot canteen;
    • ithanga;
    • isipinashi;
    • i-fennel;
    • i-legumes;
    • iklabishi.
  2. Awukwazi ukutshala imifino esiseduze no:
    • ihisopi;
    • u-anyanisi.
  3. Abahamba phambili bezitshalo zesithombo:
    • i-legumes;
    • ikhukhamba;
    • i-tomato;
    • amazambane okuqala

Ngesikhathi sokutshala?

Izici zokutshala zincike ezinhlobonhlobo zesithombo. Ngokuvamile, izimo nezindlela zokutshala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-radishes zifana futhi azikho umehluko othile. Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela sihluke - kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo.

Kuyinto evamile ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo zezithombo zibe yi:

  • ihlobo;
  • ebusika

Ukutshala izinto ezinhlobonhlobo zasehlobo kufanele kutshalwe entwasahlobo, kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli okuphela ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Izinhlobo zakuqala zalezi zemifino ziguquguqulelwa emiphumeleni yokushisa okuphansi, okwenza kube lula ukutshala ngo-Ephreli. Izinhlobo ezivuthiwe zokuvuna zihlwanyelwa ngoMeyi.

Qaphela! Uhlobo lokushisa olunzulu lokushukela luyizicucu eziyishumi nesishiyagalolunye kuya kwezingamashumi amabili ngaphezu kwe-zero.

Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi izinga lokushisa elinjalo lihlale lilandela emva kwamasonto amabili kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwezithombo. Ngokusekelwe ezimweni zezulu zendawo yokufika, kubalulekile ukulungisa isikhathi sokutshala imbewu. Ukuze kusetshenziswe ekwindla nasebusika, izinhlobo zezitshalo zasebusika zitshalwe.

Isikhathi esifanele kakhulu sokuhlwanyela imbewu sisuka maphakathi noJuni kuya phakathi noJulayi. Ngokwesilinganiso, izinhlobo zasebusika zivuthwe kusukela ezinsukwini eziyi-100 kuya kwezingu-110.

Lapho utshala isithombo udinga ukugcoba izici zezulu endaweni yakho.

I-Sorta

Izinhlobo zesithombo:

Isithombo esihlazaunkulunkulukazi ohlaza, uMargilan, ongaphansi komhlaba;
omnyamaubusuku, udokotela, i-murzilka;
mhlopheminovasi, hero hero, kalancha;
obomvumadam, ebusika obomvu, obomvu obude.

Ungayithenga kuphi futhi ungakanani?

Amanani enzalo ancike ku:

  1. umkhiqizi;
  2. izinhlobo;
  3. isifunda sokuthenga.

Ngokwesilinganiso, eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg ngo-1 kg. imbewu isithombo kudingeka ukhokhe kusuka 1034 p. (Ngangama-May ehlukahlukene) kuya ku-1900 r. (ezihlukahlukene "Munich Bir"). Kunconywa ukuthenga imbewu kubanikazi bamazwe futhi ezincwadini eziningi, kuzosindisa izindleko zakho.

Ukuqhathanisa, ukufakwa kwembewu ye-Munich Bir ezihlukahlukene ezilinganisa 2 amagremu kubiza ama-ruble angu-14. Ukuthenga imbewu ngobuningi obusindisa imali yakho, okuzokuvumela ukuba uthole inzuzo enkulu uma ukhula, ngisho nasemasimini asekhaya.

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo yokuhlwanyela

Cabanga indlela yokutshala imifino nokunakekela izithombo, ukuqinisekisa ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele, ukugcoba nokuqothula.

  1. Ukulungiselela imbewu. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukulungisa imbewu. Nciphisa imbewu. Imbewu encane nalabo abaneziphambeko kufanele kube kuhle ukutshala ngokwehlukana - izitshalo ezinjalo zinikeza izithelo ezincane, zijwayele ukuphawula futhi zibhekene nemiphumela yezifo nezinambuzane. Kunconywa ukuthi ugcwale imbewu ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka sama-manganese noma usawoti phakathi nosuku.
  2. Ukufika. Seeding kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nalolu hlelo:

    • Embhedeni wenza imifula ibe yi-2 cm ngokujula ebangeni elingama-35 cm komunye nomunye.
    • Beka kuzo izinhlamvu ezingu-3 nge-8 cm phakathi kwezilwane.
    • Ngemuva kwalokho, ufafaze imifula ngomhlaba bese uyihlanganisa. Uma inhlabathi ingabi manzi ngokwanele, manzi umbhede ngemva kokutshala.

    Amahlumela angabonakala ngesonto.

  3. Ukulungiselela ukulungiselela. Kudingeka isithombo sokutshala:

    • Umdwebo
    • Rake.
    • Chopper.
    • Imishini yokunisela.

    Ngaphambi kokufika kufanele uhlole ukutholakala kwayo nesimo esihle.

  4. Umhlaba Lesi sitshalo sibekezelela ukungahambisani kwezimo zenhlabathi ngezinga eliphezulu. Kodwa ukuze uzuze ucebile udinga ukwazi ukuthi isivuno kanye nokunambitheka kwemifino kuxhomeke kwikhwalithi yenhlabathi. Inhlabathi enhle yalezi zimpande i-loam, icebile kuma-humus ne-humus, kanye ne-sandy loam.

    Isithombo asifani nomhlabathi omile. Uma inhlabathi imuncu, kufanele ibe yi-lime. Kubalulekile ukulungiselela ukulungiselela ukutshala ngaphambi kwenhlabathi ngokuma nokulimaza (ezimweni zamafamu amakhulu) noma ukumba nokulimala nge-rake (ezimweni zamafamu wezwe).

  5. Ukunisela Kanye ngesonto udinga ukufeza izitshalo. Ukunisela kufanele kube okulinganayo. Ukunisela kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa amabhakede noma izinhlelo zokunisela. Ngamamitha ayi-1 square udinga amalitha ayishumi amanzi.
  6. Ukuthinta. Lapho kuvela amahlumela kuyadingeka ukuba ufeze ama-thinning amahlumela. Kubuye kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhula ukhula emibhede bese uwahlanza ukhula.
  7. Umquba. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kungenziwa kuphela ngamaminerali amaminerali. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphilayo akuyona into engathandeki, njengoba kunomphumela omubi ekukhuleni kwesithombo.

    Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izithako eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali eziqukethe i-nitrogen, i-potash, i-phosphate fertilizer kanye nezakhi zokulandelela ezilinganisweni ezifanele zokukhula kahle kwezitshalo. Kubalulekile ukuqhuba 2 ukugqoka: 1 lapho amahlumela evela, okwesibili cishe izinsuku ezingu-20 emva kokuqala.

    Ukusebenzisa umquba njengomanyolo, mhlawumbe hhayi ngaphambi konyaka owodwa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela isithombo. Lezi zitshalo azibona umthelela womquba. Kunconywa ukugqoka ekwindla kwenhlabathi nge-potash ne-phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate ne-potassium nitrate).

Le vidiyo inikeza imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokuhlwanyela isithombo:

Indlela yokutshala emhlabeni ovulekile usebenzisa izindlela ezimbili?

Lemifino ibizwa ngokumelana nokubandayo. Amahlumela aqala ukuhluma ekushiseni kwamazinga amathathu okushisa, futhi angakwazi ukubekezelela ama-frosts amancane okunciphisa ama-degrees amane. Amasiko amadala akhuthaza ukupholisa ukuze angadluli ama degree ayisithupha.

Isithombo singatshalwa ngokutshala:

  1. imbewu;
  2. izithombo.

Uma utshalwe izithombo zezithombo, imbewu ihlwanyiswa inyanga ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukuthola isivuno sokuqala. Ngemva kwalokho, izithombo ezikhulile zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Indlela engenambewu inconywa uma ukhula isiko ngaphansi kwekhava lefilimu.

Esikhathini sokushisa

Ukuvuna kokuqala kwalezimpande kungatshalwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo noma zokugcina izithombo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi kube nezimpande ngesikhathi sekwindla nobusika.

Lapho izinga lokushisa lokukhulayo likhuphuka, isithombo sisabela ngendlela yokukhula kwempande, ngakho-ke uma ikhulile ku-greenhouse, kuyadingeka ukushisa inhlabathi ibe yizicathulo zokushisa eziyishumi nanhlanu.

Ukwehliswa okuncane emazingeni aphansi okushisa okushisa kuyobangela ukulimala okukhulu kwezitshalo, kodwa ukushisa okuqhubekayo ngaphansi kwamazinga ayishumi okushisa kuzokwandisa isikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo cishe amasonto amabili. Esikhathini sezulu esishisayo, kunconywa ukuba uhambise izindawo zokugcina izithombo.Kodwa gwema ama-drafts.

Ukuvunwa kwentwasahlobo, izitshalo zihlwanyelwa kusukela ngoDisemba kuya kuFebhuwari.

Ukudala izimo ezihle embusweni wokushisa okudingayo ukuze ulungise i-substrate evundile, ukufaka umanyolo kunconywa futhi, uma ukhulile emhlabathini ovulekile.

Ezolimo zokugcina izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo kakhulu:

  • "Usuku";
  • "Runner Weiser";
  • "Munich hothouse".

Ekhaya

Kungenzeka ukutshala isithombo ekhaya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthenga isitsha esiphezulu, okungcono ukujula kunama-20 cm. Kubalulekile nokugcina uhlelo lokushisa lokutshala izitshalo. Ngokwezomnotho akukhuthazwa ukuba sikhule isithombo ekhaya!

Uma ukhulile ekhaya udinga ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo eziyisisekelo, kanye nalapho ukhula ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo.

Izinkinga nezinkinga ezingenzeka

Isithombo siyisiko esingenakuzithoba. Ukufika ngokuhlelekile okuhlelekile kungabangela noma yikuphi ubunzima. Izinkinga zingase ziphakame lapho kungekho khona ukuchelela. Izinkinga zingase ziphakame ekuchasheni izinambuzane nezifo.

Njengamanje kunezinhlobonhlobo zamafungicide nezinambuzane ezizogcina isitshalo sakho ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwekhwalithi yezohwebo nokunambitha. Ukuhluma isithombo engadini kuyonikeza itafula lakho ngemifino enhle futhi enempilo. Ukulima kwabo akulula. Futhi entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, ngokunakekelwa kahle kwezithombo ezikhulile kusuka enzalweni, noma ezitshalweni ezivulekile noma ezitsheni zokushisa, uzothola isivuno esicebile ngesikhathi esifanele.

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