Iyini amazambane ngaphansi komquba, yiziphi izinto ezidingekayo zokutshala okunjalo nokuthi ungayifeza kanjani?

Ehlathini noma emadlelweni awukwazi ukuthola indawo engavamile, ihlanganiswe ngendwangu yamahlamvu kanye nezindala, utshani wonyaka odlule. Ngakho-ke imvelo ivikela inhlabathi ekumeni ehlobo, kanti amahlumela amancane avela emahlathini esentwasahlobo nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane.

Ngokushesha nje lapho abantu becabanga ngalolu daba, baqala ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bemvelo ezindaweni zabo, ngaleyo ndlela bakhulisa isivuno sezitshalo ezithile. Ukunambitheka amazambane ngezikhathi ezithile kuncishisa izindleko zomsebenzi - amazambane awudingi ukhula kanye ne-rake, kodwa akuzona zonke izinzuzo zalolu buchwepheshe.

Yini ehlanganiswayo futhi kungani kuyadingeka amazambane?

Umphumela walokhu kuhamba kuwukuthi:

1. ukuvikelwa amazambane amancane kusuka entwasahlobo yamahlumela (ukuthi ungathola kanjani ukuvunwa okucebile kwamazambane okuqala, ungathola lapha);
2. ukusatshalaliswa komfaniswano womswakama;
3. isithiyo ekukhuleni kokhula;
4. ukugcinwa nokusatshalaliswa kokushisa ngaphansi kwendawo yomunyu, futhi ngenxa yalokho, izitshalo zikhula futhi zikhule ngokushesha.

Kuyafaneleka ukuphawula lokho ngesikhathi sezimvula, umqubhezi uvimbela i-leaching yocingo elivundile kusuka kusayithi. Akuvamile ukuhlala izinambuzane.

Amazambane aphendule kahle kakhulu ekutheni i-mulching, ikakhulukazi uma inhlabathi isindayo futhi idinga endaweni. Emhlabathini onesihlabathi, i-mulch iyadingeka, njengoba kusiza ukugcina umswakama, kanti igcwalisa inhlabathi empofu ngemifuno edingekayo.

Izinto ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa umquba wezambane.:

• utshani noma utshani obunamanzi;
• i-peat;
• i-humus;
• i-sawdust;
• i-agrofibre noma ifilimu emnyama;
• amahlamvu omnyaka odlule;
• izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagxolo;
• amakhadibhodi njalonjalo.

Ngamunye walabu buchwepheshe awunazo kuphela izinzuzo, kodwa futhi kunomkhuba ngamunye.

Izinhloso zenqubo

Ngenxa yokuncintisana, ungathola imiphumela emihle kumazambane okhulayo.:

1. Ukunciphisa ukulahleka komswakama - lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulu uma kungenakwenzeka ukufaka uhlelo lokunisela kwisayithi. Umbhede we-5 cm we-mulch ungavikela umhlabathi ekumeni.
2. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingaphansi kwezingqimba ze-mulch azigcini ngokushisa, njengoba zibonisa ukukhanya kwelanga.
3. Ukuvikelwa kwezitshalo kusuka ku-hypothermia.
4. Ngemuva kwezinvula ezinde, inqwaba eyomile ngeke ivele phansi, ngakho-ke izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyohlale zihlinzeka nge-oxygen.
5. I-mulch ivimbela ukukhula kokhula, lokhu kuyiqiniso kulabo abalimi abangavamile ukuvakashela iziza zabo ngamazambane.

Kunezindlela eziningi zokwehlisa izakhiwo, ngakho-ke zonke izivande zingakwazi ukukhetha umquba wendlela.

Isiqondiso sokufika

Inhlabathi, ngaphambi kokuyibeka emanzini, kufanele ulungiselele ngokucophelela:

1. Ukhula lususwe endaweni yonke;
2. khulisa kahle umhlabathi;
3. ukukhulula, okumele kube okungenani ama-5 cm ejulile;
4. ukwethula amaminerali kanye neziqu eziphilayo;
5. shiya ungqimba ophezulu ngezinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uthumele umoya, ukuze emva kokuhlanganisa umhlabathi ungahlanganiswa.

Ezintweni ezintsha, ezingezona zendabuko zokutshala amazambane engadini, funda kulesi sihloko.

Izindlela

Thatch

Ukunambitheka amazambane onotshani kungenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabalimi, ngoba inani elanele lale mali lihlala emasimini ekwindla. Ngisho utshani obungasetshenziswa utshani bungasetshenziswa njengendwangu. Akudingekile ukusebenzisa izinto ezintsha; utshani olungakavuthwa kusukela ngonyaka odlule. Uhlobo luvela kunoma yisiphi isiko.

Utshani noma utshani obunamanzi kumele lube lumile. Imifino esanda kuhlwanyela ngeke isebenze, ayikuvumeli umoya, ngaphandle kwezifo ze-fungal zizokhula ngaphansi kwalo.

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo Iziyalezo:

1. Ground umhlabathi nomlimi futhi usike imisele emakhilomitha angu-60 komunye nomunye.
2. Faka izilimo eziyizigaxa emigodini ezinyathelo ezingu-30 cm.
3. Vala insimu ngendwangu yesikhwama semifino - 20 cm.
4. Ngokushesha lapho kuhluma ukuphakama kuka-6 cm, zimboze ngendwangu yesibili yetshani ngo-15 cm.

Uhlobo luzohlala kusayithi kuze kube sekwindla. Kulesi simo, ukucubungula okungeziwe akudingekile - ukuhlenga nokugqama. Uma ufisa, ungenza ukudla kwe-foliar. Ngakho-ke ukuthi uhlaka lwesitshalo aluphefumulwanga umoya, lugcwele umhlaba.

Ifilimu

Ukunambitheka amazambane onama-foil kuyindlela enhle yokuvikela izitshalo nomhlabathi kusuka emahlathini entwasahlobo ezindaweni ezibandayo zezwe, njengoba izinga lokushisa lomhlaba ngaphansi kwefilimu lizoba ngama-degree angama-2-3.

I-Step-by-step instruction yenqubo yonke.:

1. Umhlabathi olungiselelwe ngaphambilini uhlanganiswe nefilimu emnyama ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, lapho ukhula luqala ukukhula. Imiphetho yezinto ezifafazwe umhlaba noma ukusetha ifreyimu ekhethekile ukuze kungabikho.
2. Uma nje kufika isikhathi sokutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa kuleli ifilimu, yenza uhlangothi lwe-crosswise, ezindaweni lapho kubeka khona imbewu.
3. Amazambane ezitshalo kanye namanzi kahle.

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuthungatha ifilimu.:

• owokuqala - ihlala phansi kuze kufike isivuno;
• okwesibili - isusiwe ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala.

Peat

I-Peat iyinhlangano enhle kakhulu yokuhlanganisa ama-mulching, njengoba enezindawo ezingagcini nje ukugcina umswakama, kodwa futhi ukugcwalisa inhlabathi ngamakhamera okusebenzayo.

Qaphela! Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-peat ezifanelekile kule nqubo, isibonelo, uma ngabe indaba ihlanzekile noma isomile kahle, ingaveza umonakalo ezitshalweni zezitshalo.

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo Iziyalezo:

1. Inhlabathi elungiselelwe ifafazwe ngendwangu ye-peat engekho kuka-2-3 cm futhi ihlwitha kalula.
2. Ama-fissures anqunywa ukuthi yiziphi amazambane atshalwe.
3. Thela isendlalelo sesibili sempahla - 5 cm, kulokhu akudingekile ukuwukhipha.

Izinzuzo zale ndlela yilokho asikho isidingo sokuphumula, ukuphumula kanye namazambane asezintabeni.

I-Hog

Humus mulching - lolu hlobo lwempahla lungasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwesaba lokulimaza izitshalo.

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo Iziyalezo:

1. Lungisa inhlabathi ngendlela evamile.
2. Ukutshala amazambane, uma isimo sesimo sezulu somile, khona-ke indawo kumele isetshenziswe.
3. Beka ungqimba we-humus phezulu kwe-10-15 cm.

Impendulo kuphela yale ndlela yukuthi udinga ama humus amaningi. I-Humus yindawo yokugcina yezici ze-trace namavithamini ezitshalo., igcina kahle umswakama, iphazamisa ukukhula kokhula, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo igxilisa amagciwane amaningi we-pathogenic. Umquba ufanelekile ngaloluhlobo lwe-mulching.

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-humus igcwele i-nitrogen, futhi kungcono ukungayisebenzisi emhlabathini onamafutha, njengoba kuzoba nokukhula okusheshayo kwezingodo. Futhi lokhu kungavimbela ukwakheka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa.

I-Sawdust

Ukuxubha nge-sawdust - indlela evame kakhulu futhi ethandwayo yokukhosela. Ikakhulukazi isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho zezwe. Ngaphansi kwesiphephelo esifudumele se-sawdust, amazambane ahluma ngokushesha futhi angaboni, njengoba i-sawdust yenza njenge-absorbent.

I-Step-by-step instruction yenqubo yonke:

1. Ngaphambi kokuba ugaye umhlabathi nge-sawdust, ulungiselelwe - ukhula uyanisela.
2. Okulandelayo ukutshala amazambane emhlabathini.
3. Uma nje amafreyimu ephansi, ama-aisles ahlanganiswe ngamakhadibhodi, futhi i-sawdust eyomile ithululelwa phezulu ngendwangu ka-5-10 cm.

Ngenxa yalendlela, akudingeki ukuthi ukhulekele isayithi, kodwa kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-sawdust ayiyona imanyolo futhi ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa umquba ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane.

Kubalulekile! Ungasebenzisi ama-sawdust amasha okuhlanganisa ama-shadows; azokweqa bese eqala ukugaya, ngaleyo ndlela angavumeli umoya ugelekele ezimpandeni zesitshalo.

Amaphutha akhona

Hlaziya amaphutha avamile kakhulu abalimi abenza uma behlangana:

• Abalimi abaningi balula inhlabathi ngotshani ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo - lokhu akufanelekile ukukwenza. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngaphansi kokukhokha komhlabathi umhlaba uhamba kancane kakhulu - ubonisa imisebe yelanga. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokumboza umhlaba ngalokhu okudingekayo, udinga ukulinda kuze kuphele ukushisa.
• Uma usebenzisa ifilimu, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ayivumeli umoya namanzi ukuba kudlulele; ngakho-ke, emva kokuhluma kwamazambane, kufanele kususwe kusayithi, noma umoya womoya kufanele wenziwe. Enye into i-agrofibre, ehambisa umswakama nokukhanya, ayikwazi ukususwa ngaphambi kokuvuna.
• Hay noma utshani utshani uma lisetshenziswe njengendlela umquba kufanele kube omisiwe kahle, ngaphandle kwalokho amazambane ngeke hit phytophthora.
• Abalimi abaningi bacabanga ukuthi akudingekile ukuphuza isilwane esihlangene nhlobo, kodwa akunjalo (ukuthola ulwazi mayelana nokuthi uzokhipha amazambane, funda lapha). Uma kunomile owomile, oshisayo, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukunisela umhlabathi, nakuba kungenjalo njengokuvame ukuvula umhlaba.
• I-peat yinto enhle yamazambane ama-mulching, kodwa kukhona ingozi yokulimaza izitshalo uma usebenzisa izinto ezingalungile. Ukuze i-mulch, ithatha kuphela i-peat ye-transitional noma ye-lowland; kufanele ibe eyomile futhi ivulekile.
• Abanye balimi abalondolozi isendlalelo esinconywayo se-mulch.

Ukuncintisana kuyindlela enhle yokutshala amazambane ngaphandle kokuhlupheka, into esemqoka ukukhiqiza le nqubo ngendlela efanele.

Isiphetho

Okufanele ukukusho lokho I-mulch iyindlela enhle yokwenza impilo yakho ibe lula ehlobo. Ukuvikela umhlaba ngezinsimbi ezihlukahlukene kusiza umlimi ukuba athole isivuno esihle ngomzamo omncane. Asikho isidingo sokuba useding njalo amazambane, hilling futhi ukuchelela.