IBougainvillea ingeyohlobo lwezihlahla zezihlahla ezishisayo ezihlala ziluhlaza zomndeni wakwaNoctifolia (Niktaginovyh). Izwe lakubo yiBrazil. Lesi sitshalo, esaziwa ngegama lomhambi waseFrance uL L.A. de Bougainville, ohole uhambo lokuqala lomhlaba jikelele lwamaFulentshi, isihlahla, isihlahla noma umqhele, obonakala ngamagatsha epulasitiki aphakanyisiwe, anamahloni.
IBougainvillea iphumelele ukuqashelwa kwabatshali bezitshalo ngokunethezeka kwezimbali okuhlala isikhathi eside, kuqhubeka ezindaweni ezishisayo unyaka wonke. Endaweni yakithi, iyakwazi ukuhlobisa noma yiliphi igumbi, yize ukutshala kwayo kubhekwa njengokunzima impela.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
Uhlobo lwe-bougainvilleas lufanekiselwa izihlahlana ezihlala ziluhlaza noma izihlahla ezincane ezifinyelela ukuphakama ngamamitha amahlanu ngokwemvelo. Ekhaya, ama-bush angakhula aze afike kumamitha ayi-3, ukukhula kwawo kukhawulelwe ngokuthena izihlahla.
Izitshalo ziyakwazi ukuzala kalula futhi zikhule ngokushesha. Amahlumela afana ne-liana-like anama-spikes akuvumela ukuthi ubambe kunoma yikuphi ukusekelwa futhi uwasebenzise ukudonsa. Abafuyi bazamile ukususa izitshalo zameva, kodwa kuze kube manje akusenzeki.
Amahlamvu amancane anenhlanganisela ebushelelezi noma yama-pubescent, kuya ngohlobo lwesitshalo, futhi namathiphu akhombe kungahlukahluka kakhulu: okuluhlaza ngaphezulu kanye ne-lime ngezansi, kunezinhlobo zemibala ehlanganisiwe. Ithuba elingokomfanekiso lesihlahla siyizimbali zalo ezincane zokukhanya ezingama-nondescript, zisheshe ziphele futhi zibhoboke, kepha zizungezwe ngamaqabunga ambozwe ngemibalabala emvelo, emvelweni ene-lilac hue.
Abafuyi bakwazile ukuthola izimbali zazo zonke izinhlobo zemibala. Phakathi kwazo kukhona:
- lilac;
- i-purplish-raspberry;
- i-beige no-ukhilimu;
- owolintshi
- pinkish;
- -mhlophe qhwa.
IBougainvilleas ingakwazi ukuhlanganisa izithunzi zemibala emibili. Uhlobo lwama-inflorescences, okuhlala isikhathi eside, luyamangaza nge-quirkiness yalo. Yilezi:
- unxantathu;
- -bunjwe yinhliziyo;
- kuyindilinga
- oblong.
Ubude bawo buvela ku-3 kuya ku-5 cm. Uma uthintwa, ama-brices afana nephepha le-ultra-thin embossed. Ezindaweni ezishisayo, ama-bougainvillea blooms unyaka wonke.
Ukubukwa okudumile
Ezinhlotsheni eziyi-14 zezitshalo ezinwabuzelayo ezishisayo ezitholakala emvelweni, izinhlobo eziningana zivame ukutshalwa. Njengesitshalo, bavame ukuzalanisa benqunu futhi bougainvillea emangalisayo. Ethandwa kakhulu yizinhlobo zama-hybrid, abonakala ngobuningi bezibalo zamakhanda zombala we-lilac, amboze wonke amahlamvu.
Bougainvillea enhle
Ungumvini ovunguzayo onamahlumela we-pubescent, afakwe amahlamvu ngama-petioles amafushane namathiphu abukhali. Zodwa noma ziqoqwe emabhulashini oblong (kusuka kwezingcezu ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5) zihlanganiswe ngamaqabunga apile ansomi. Ekhaya, umvini ukhula njengesitshalo se-ampel.
IBougainvillea ibushelelezi (inqunu)
IBougainvillea glabra inaso isigaxa esigaxekile, esihlwabusayo. Njengeplanethi yendlu, itshalwa njengothuli oluqondile, oluningi futhi olugelezayo olugelezayo, ngalo, ngokuthena izihlahla, lunganikezwa noma yisiphi isimo esifunayo. Kwakungenxa yesisekelo sakho lapho iningi lama-nzalo lakhiwa. Isihlahla sinamacembe aluhlaza acwebezelayo amnyama aluhlaza anemiphetho eqondile. Kubonakala ngama-inflorescence ahlaba umxhwele azo zonke izinhlobo zemithunzi ekhanyayo:
- -mhlophe qhwa;
- pinkish;
- ulamula ophuzi;
- peach;
- isalimoni.
Lolu hlobo lwezimbali luvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa izinhlobo ezimfushane; ama-bonsai akhula ngempumelelo ngesisekelo sawo.
I-Bougainvillea peruvian
IBougainvillea peruviana, etholwe ngu-A. von Humboldt, ibonakala ngegxolo eliluhlaza ngezinaliti ezifushane. Le nhlobonhlobo ayilolongiwe, kodwa ingaqhakaza iphindelela, ikakhulukazi ngokunakekela ngokucophelela, okubandakanya ukusikwa okufika ngesikhathi.
Isimanga se-bougainvillea
Ukhula emithambekeni yamatshe eBrazil, wathola udumo ngekhulu le-19. Emazweni ashisayo, amapulangwe nendawo yokugcina izithombo zazihlobisa i-liana, ifinyelela amamitha ayi-15 ubude. Le nhlobonhlobo ihlukaniswa ngamabhulethi amakhulu namahlamvu aqinile, velvety engaphansi kwamahlamvu enhliziyo ajulile, kancane kancane ayaphela. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba, izimbali zakhe ziqhakaza kamnandi, zihlukaniswe ngamabhulashi kuze kube ngosayizi ongu-5 cm. Cishe ngalinye lazo ngamabhulokhi amathathu apinki, ama-lilac noma obomvu, aqhakaza ukukhula ngeminyaka.
Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid
Abafuyi basebenza ngokuhlelekile ekwakhekeni kwezinhlobo ezintsha ze-hybrid ezimelwe yizo zonke izinhlobo zezindlela ezincane nezinemibala ethandekayo. I-hybrid ebanzi kunazo zonke, eyakhiwe ngokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili zezilwane: i-bougainvillea nePeruvian enhle. Inamahlamvu amakhulu amakhulu angaphandle futhi inuka izithombo. Amabhulashi ezimbali ezine-ayisikhilimu abonakala ngombala ocebile obomvu, oguqukayo ngombala obomvana noma ophuzi obudala.
Uhlobo oluhlangene lwezinhlobonhlobo ezingenalutho nezePeru nazo zivamile - iBougainvillea Butt, ehlukaniswa ngamahlamvu amnyama aluhlaza okotshani nama-corollas amhlophe qhwa amhlophe qhwa, aboshwe ngamashidi amathathu amboze kakhulu obomvu.
Ezinye izinhlobo
Izinhlobo ze-Terry zifaka i-bougainvillea Lilarous, ebonakala ngokungabekezeleleki, ukuhlobisa okuphezulu nokuqhakaza okumude kwezimbali.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezithokozisayo iDon Mario, enamaqabunga ebomvu amaqabunga amaqabunga apkle, ejabulisa umnikazi ngokubonisa izithombe kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekwephuzile.
Izidingo eziyisisekelo zokukhula
Naphezu kwesimo esihle sesitshalo, akuvamile ukuba sikhule ekhaya ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngobunzima bokuszala. Eqinisweni, le nqubo ayiqondakali kangako futhi kungenzeka ngokuhambisana nemithetho yokutshala.
I-Liana ithathwa njengesitshalo esine-Photophilous, ibekezelela ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo futhi icishe ingadingi shading, ngaphandle kwezimo ezingavamile. Inketho enhle kakhulu yakhe kungaba ukubekwa eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga, futhi ukukhanya okwengeziwe kuyadingeka. Ngokushoda kokukhanya ohlangothini olusenyakatho nasekamelweni elimnyama, i-bougainvillea ingafa.
Imbali ayikubekezeleli okusalungiswa, umoya omncane ojwayelekile ungakulimaza. Uphatha kabi ekunyakazeni, indawo lapho kufanele ikhethe khona unomphela.
Esikhathini sasebusika, njengezinye izimbali ezingavamile, i-bougainvillea iyaphumula. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele kuniselwe ngenkodwa kanye ngenyanga, kugwema ukoma ngokuphelele wezimpande, futhi kugcinwe egumbini elimnyama kancane lokushisa lika + 8 ° C ... + 15 ° C, noma kunjalo, kufanele ilawulwe ukuze uhlelo lwezimpande lungatholi i-hypothermia.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuzalanisa okuphumelelayo kwe-bougainvillea kanye nokuqhakaza kwayo okuhlala isikhathi eside, kunconywa:
- hlinzeka ngemodi yokukhanya efanelekayo;
- khetha imbiza efanele;
- hlela imibandela edingekayo yesigaba sokuphumula;
- ukwenza ukugqoka okuphezulu okuhlelekile;
- faka imbali ngesikhathi;
- lawula ukwenzeka kwezilokazane futhi wenze izindlela zokuthibela.
Ukunakekela i-bougainvillea ekhaya
Ehlobo, kungakuhle ukuthi uthathe isimbali esinembali kuvulandi, sikuvikele kokusalungiswa. Izinga lokushisa le-Optimum lisuka ku + 22 ° C + 30 ° C. Kodwa-ke, ukwehla okunamandla kombuso wokushisa endaweni yokuphumula (kufika ku + 7 ° C) kungadala ukukhula kwamagciwane kanye nokufa okuqhubekayo.
Lesi sitshalo siphendula ngokunisela ngokunisela ngamanzi athambile, avikelekile: imbali ethanda umswakama edinga umswakama ojwayelekile, omningi futhi ukufafaza kwamaqabunga ezinhlangothini zombili, futhi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze amaconsi angaweli eziqongweni. Umswakama omile futhi awemukeleki imbali: ubangela ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande. Kungakho ngemuva kokunisela kudingekile ukususa amanzi ngokweqile kusobho.
Ukuqhakaza okumangalisa, i-bougainvillea kufanele idliswe ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi okungenani kabili ngesonto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitshalo esikhula ngokuqinile sidinga ukufakelwa njalo. Ubukhulu bamahlumela ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile kungenxa yobukhulu bebhodwe: ukuqina kwezimpande kubangela ukuncipha kokukhula kwesihlahla nokuncipha kwethamo lokugeleza kwezimbali.
Isikhathi esifanele sokufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kuthathwa njengokuqala kwentwasahlobo, isikhathi sokuvuswa kwesitshalo ekuphumuleni kobusika. Isidingo esibalulekile sokutshala ukulondolozwa kwezimpande, okudinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu lapho uqhuba.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqediwe, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwakheka okwengeziwe kwama-buds, isihlahla somdwebo sidinga ukuthenwa, kanti amahlumela amancane asikiwe. Ekwindla, ukusikwa okukhulu kwamagatsha kuyenziwa, futhi ngesikhathi sasehlobo kungenzeka ukwenza ukwakheka komqhele okulula.
Ukuzala
IBougainvillea ivuswa ukusikwa kwentwasahlobo kanye nehlobo. Sika amahlumela we-apical lignified abekwa amahora ambalwa emanzini afudumele, bese aphathwa nge-stimulator yokukhula kwezimpande futhi egxilile endaweni esemgodini (hhayi ngaphansi kuka + 25 ° C), okubandakanya i-turf, umhlaba, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat.
Izinhlobo ezintsha zoqobo ze-bougainvillea zitholakala ngokugoma. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-surfaceision yenziwa ohlangothini lwesiphuphu, lapho kufakwa khona i-scion, kuhlanganiswe ne-glue yezokwelapha nentambo.
UMnu Dachnik uxwayisa: izinkinga ezingaba khona lapho kukhula i-bougainvillea
Ukunakekelwa okungafanele kwesihlahla kuvame ukuholela ezinkingeni lapho kukhula, ngokwesibonelo, izifo ezahlukahlukene, ukuhlaselwa izinambuzane.
- Lapho isikhunta sinegciwane, kuvela amabala amhlophe emaqabungeni. Isizathu umswakama ngokweqile nomoya omncane owanele. Ungagcina imbali ngokuyihambisa egumbini elinomoya omuhle.
- I-aphid ebonakala engxenyeni engaphansi yamahlamvu igcwele ukugcotshwa, ukugabha kanye nokuwa kwamaqabunga. Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukusetshenziswa kwekhambi lensipho nokwelashwa kwezinambuzane.
- Ama-mealybugs alimaza izimbali nama-buds, kuvimbela ukukhula kwesihlahla. Ukucutshungulwa ngamanzi anensipho noma utshwala kuyanconywa, khona-ke izingxenye zesitshalo ezithinteke yile inkathazo kufanele zincitshiswe.
- Ukuze uvuselele imivini lapho uhlelo lwezimpande lonakalisiwe, luyasuswa ebhodweni bese izimpande zibulawa magciwane, ngenkathi usika izindawo ezilimele uzifafaze ngomlotha wokhuni. Ngeshwa, amagatsha aphukile kufanele asikwe ukuze kuthi kamuva amahlumela amasha akhule esihlahleni. Iziqu ezisusiwe zingasetshenziselwa ukususa izimpande zezimbali ezintsha.
Ngenxa yokuhlobisa kwayo, i-bougainvillea iye yanqoba ukuqashelwa kwabatshali bezimbali abaningi, abangamiswa yilabo bunzima ekutshaleni nasekunakekelweni kwabo. Isitshalo sokunethezeka esishisayo esivela eBrazil sihlobisa izithombo zokugcina izimbali ngezimbali ezinde neziningi futhi sihlobisa ngempumelelo amafasitela aseningizimu amafulethi. Uma ufisa, ungayinika noma yisiphi isimo.
