Indlela yokuthola isivuno esicebile samazambane zakuqala - izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu, ama-nuances okukhula

Amazambane okuqala! Ubani ongakhangeli emakethe ekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni? Iyabiza kakhulu, kodwa udinga ukuthatha izilimo eziyizigaxa ezimbalwa ukuze okungenani unqume ukukoma kwakho kwalokhu gourmet yokukhohlisa.

Amazambane asekuqaleni namuhla athandwa ngabalimi abaningi. Futhi ukukhetha kwabo kulungele ngokuphelele, ngoba izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane ziyisidlo sangempela, lapho okuqukethwe kwamavithamini izikhathi eziphakeme kathathu kunamazambane amadala. Futhi nakuba kungcono kunzima ukukhula umkhiqizo onjalo, kodwa njengoba bekusho, ukuphela kuqondisa izindlela.

Izici zamazambane okuvuthwa kuqala

Izinhlobo zamazambane zakuqala zihlukaniswa yisikhathi sabo esifushane sokukhula, okuyizinsuku ezingu-40-50. Amazambane okuqala aqala ukukhula okukhulayo ngokushesha nje lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlaba lifinyelela ku-10 ° C. Futhi emva kokusila, isivuno silungele umhlangano.

Amabanga aphezulu

1. Alyona - ithebula le-potato elihlukahlukene, elinomkhiqizo wezingu-170 kuya ku-190 kg ngamakhilomitha ayikhulu engamamitha ayizigidi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zefomu lesifuba, umbala obomvu obomvu. Isisindo sabo silinganiselwa ku-80-150 amagremu.
2. Inhlanhla - ihlonishwe ikhwalithi yayo yokugcina okuhle. Unomkhiqizo ophakeme kakhulu, cishe u-1.5 kg kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa. Amafomu wefomu lesifuba, umbala ophuzi obala, isisindo sawo sisuka ku 125 kuya ku-250 amagremu.
3. I-Karatop - Ukuhlukahluka kwamazinga amazambane okuqala, okufika ku-500kg kungavuna kusuka ku-weave eyodwa. Ukuma kwezilimo eziyizigaxa eziphuzi kune-oblong-oval, isisindo esingama 130 amagremu. Izifo eziphikisanayo: ukulimala kwekwephuzile, umdlavuza.
4. Kamensky - isivuno esikhulu, cishe 180 kg ngekhulu. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zalo ezibomvu, ezihlangene zincane, hhayi amagremu angaphezu kuka-100. Ungesabi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ne-Colorado amazambane beetle.
5. I-Romano - ukungathobeki ezinhlobonhlobo zenhlabathi, okuqinile nesomiso. Izitshalo eziphakeme - kufika ku-430 kg ngekhulu. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyi-oval, ebomvu, isisindo esingu-80-100 amagremu.
6. I-Gala - unomkhiqizo ophakeme kakhulu, kufika ku-600 kg ngekhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zikhule kahle ezindaweni eziningi zaseRussia, zingenakuzithoba futhi ziphikisana nezifo. Izitshalo eziyizigaxa eziphuzi, ezilinganisa amagremu angu-70 kuya ku-120.
7. Nevsky - izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zamazambane zakuqala. Ukukhiqiza kusuka ku-370 kuya ku-500 kg. Ukulwa nezifo. Ikhula kahle kuzo zonke izimo. It has izithelo ezinhle kakhulu, nxazonke futhi bushelelezi umbala ophuzi.
8. Obomvu obomvu - ukunikezela okuphezulu (kuze kube ngu-600 kg ngekhulu) ebangeni. Kufanelekile cishe zonke izifunda zaseRussia. Izithelo ezinkulu ezibomvu ezinomzimba ophuzi. Amazambane ama-80 kuya ku-110 amagremu.

Okudingekayo

Ngokutshala amazambane okuqala kanye nokunakekelwa okulandelayo bazodinga amathuluzi kanye nezinto ezilandelayo:

• amafosholo;
• i-rake;
• i-hoe;
• izinti;
• umugqa wocingo nokumaka;
• ifilimu yeplastiki;
• agrofibre.

Umsebenzi wokulungiselela ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane okuqala kusayithi kufanele uqale ekwindla.

1. Okokuqala, inhlabathi kufanele igubhe ngokucophelela 20-25 cm ejulile.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho, faka. Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukusebenzisa umquba omusha, ongaphezu kwe pereperet yasebusika futhi unike umhlaba wonke izakhi.
3. Maphakathi no-Mashi, kubalulekile ukuhluma izilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane zakuqala, ezikhethiwe ukutshala. Ukuze benze lokhu, bafakwa emabhokisini enkuni egumbini elifudumele elinokushisa kwe-+20 kuya ku-25 ° C.

   Ukutshala kungaqala emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala ezilimo eziyizigaxa. Njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka ngenyanga eyodwa emva kokuqala kokuhluma.

Indlela yokukhula?

Amazambane okuqala asetshalwe ngezindlela ezimbili: ngaphansi kokugoqa epulasitiki kanye ne-agrofibre. Izindlela zokulima zifana kakhulu futhi ziyahlukahluka kwezinye izimo eziningana. Cabanga ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokulima.

Funda indlela yokutshala amazambane kusuka enzalweni lapha, futhi kulesi sihloko uzofunda ngezindlela ezintsha, ezingezona zendabuko zokutshala amazambane ensimini.

Ngaphansi kwe-agrofiber

1. Ukusebenzisa i-rake noma izinyosi, khipha ngokucophelela imibhede. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe buthaka futhi ikhululekile, ngaphandle kwezimbungu.
2. Faka izintambo ezimbili ezixhunyaniswe omunye nomunye nge-twine ngakolunye uhlangothi lombhede. Ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi unamathele izinti ezingu-2 nge-twine yobude obufanayo. Ngale ndlela, ungakwazi ukubeka imingcele yokutshala amazambane. Bese uhlanganisa zonke izintambo ezine ndawonye ukuze wenze umugqa ocacile.
3. Dala emhlabathini ngemigodi eminingana efana nokutshala, 10-15 cm ejulile. Ukuze izitshalo zikhule kahle esikhathini esizayo, ibanga eliphakathi kwemifula kufanele libe ngu-30 cm.
4. Geza ngokulinganayo inani elincane lomlotha endaweni ngayinye, okuzovikela izitshalo ezivela ezinambuzane nezifo.
5. Izitshalo zamazambane zihluma ebangeni elingu-10 cm komunye nomunye.
6. Hlanganisa ama-humus ngenhlabathi bese uwafafaza phezu kwe-grooves namazambane atshalwe. Inhlabathi akufanele ikhandwe ukuze ingalimazi izitshalo.
7. Ngemuva kwazo zonke lezi zinqubo, imibhede elungiselelwe ihlanganiswe ne-agrofibre. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokucindezela lokho okushiwo phansi, kungenjalo izihlahla ngeke zikwazi ukukhula ngokugcwele. Emaphethelweni emibhede, i-agrofibre ingavikeleka ngezitini, kodwa hhayi ngokuqinile kakhulu.
8. Kungenzeka ukususa indawo yokukhosela ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5, ngesikhathi lapho amazambane azohluma khona futhi azophumula kulokhu okuhlangene namahlamvu awo amancane.

Ngaphansi kwefilimu

Isikimu sinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokulungiselela imibhede nokutshala amazambane kufana nalokhu okuchazwe ngenhla nge-agrofibre. Kunezinhlayiyana ezimbalwa kuphela.

1. Ifilimu ye-polyethylene izovikela izilimo eziyizigaxa ezitshalwe ekupholiseni noma amaqhwaza angakazelelwe. Kodwa futhi akufanele kube nzima kakhulu, ukuze izithombo zamazambane ezihluma zingaphuli.
2. Kuze kube yilapho amazambane ekhula, awadingi umoya wokuphuza umoya. Kodwa amahlumela adinga ukungenisa umoya omusha, okungenakwenzeka ukungena ngaphansi kwefilimu encane yeplastiki. Ngakho-ke, indawo yokukhosela kufanele isuswe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze izwakalise izithombo. Futhi lapho amahlumela amancane ekhula afike ku-10-15 cm ukuphakama, kuzodingeka ukuthi wenze izimbobo ezincane kule filimu ukuze uthole umoya.

Imiyalo yokunakekela

Umhlaba ukhulula

Ukukhishwa kokuqala kufanele kwenziwe nge-hoe noma i-iron yakhe kuya ekujuleni kuka 2-3 cm kuphela. Kubalulekile ukufeza le nqubo emva kokunisela okunye, lokhu kuzokusiza izithombo ukuba zithole inani elidingekayo le-oksijini futhi ngokufanele zikhule ngokushesha. Futhi ukukhulula kubhubhisa ukhula.

Kodwa ukukhululeka kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela okukhulu, ukuze kungalimazi amahlumela futhi kungabi ngengozi ukudonsa izilimo eziyizigaxa ngaphandle komhlaba.

Hilling

Lapho izitshalo ezincane zinamandla ngokwanele futhi ukuphakama kwazo kufinyelela ku-15-18 cm, ungaqala ukukhulula okujulile nokugqama kwemibhede. Ngesizo se-hoe, udinga ukudonsa umhlabathi nxazonke ezihlahleni zamazambane ngasinye ukuze uthole umqubu omncane.

Khumbula lokho esimweni esishisayo nesomile, ukukhulula nokugqama kwamazambane akufanele kwenziweNgoba inhlabathi izolahlekelwa umswakama okuningi ngenxa yalokhu futhi iyoma. Kulesi sezulu, ungakwazi ukukhulula kancane imibhede emkhatsini wemigqa ekujuleni kuka-5-6 cm.

Kodwa emva kwemvula enhle, umhlaba kufanele uphelelwe njalo, ukuze inhlabathi ingahlali futhi iphefumule.

Ukunisela

Ukuphuza amazambane okuqala kuyadingeka kusihlwa. Uma uphuza ngamanzi, khona-ke ukuchelela 1 kungaba ngamanzi kufanele kube ngokwanele ku-2-3 ehlathini.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nesikhathi sokunisela amazambane nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani indlela yokudonsa, funda izinto zethu.

Ukushisa

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe kahle izilimo eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa, izinga lokushisa elivamile kufanele libe yi-18-22 ° C. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, i-tuberization isinciphisa, futhi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, intuthuko ingayeka ngokuphelele.

Ukudla

Ukondla amazambane amawokuqala kufanele kuqalwe ngesikhathi sokukhula. Ukusheshisa ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kweziqongo ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye samazambane wathululela ingxenye yesipuni isipuni se-urea nama-200 amagremu ama-humus.

Indlela yokukhulisa amazambane ngendlela efanele, ukuze ube nokuvunwa okuhle, okucebile, kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha bokukhiqiza izitshalo ezinkulu ezimpande, esichazwe kulesi sihloko.

Isiphetho

Ukuvuna kokuqala kwamazambane okuqala kungatholakala ngo-Ephreli. Kubalulekile ukuqoqa amazambane amasha emva kokuqhakaza, ngemuva kokuthi amaqabunga aphansi aqale aphuzi ezihlahleni. Ngemuva kokuvuna isivuno sokuqala, imibhede imile kancane futhi imanzi.