Ukuphuza ngesikhathi sokubanda konyaka kungase kube mnandi kakhulu, kuyinambitheka futhi kuyamnandi ngesiphuzo esinoshukela noma isinkwa esinesinkwa.
Nakuba abaningi becabanga ukuthi u-jam unikwe, empeleni kuyisidlo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-jumelamu jamu, njengombuso, wanikelwa etafuleni lobukhosi.
Uma unethuba lokupheka lolu hlobo lokulondolozwa, unethuba elihle lokuhlukanisa imenyu yakho.
Vele ulandele amanye amathiphu okwenza i-jam engcono kakhulu ukunambitha kwakho.
Ukukhethwa ngokucophelela kwezinto zokusetshenziswa
Okokuqala, kufanele uthathe isinqumo ngezinto zokusetshenziswa, okungukuthi, amajikijolo noma izithelo ofuna ukuyisebenzisa.
Umthetho oyinhloko lapha: Thatha izinto eziwusizo ezivuthiwe ngendlela efanayo, okungukuthi, berry ngalinye noma izithelo ezifanayo zokuvuthwa.
Waqaphela iseluleko esinjalo ukuze uthole ukulungela okufanayo.
Njengoba uqonda egameni, i-jam iphekwe.
Ngakho-ke, uma upheka izinto eziwusizo zamazinga ahlukene okuvuthwa, khona-ke usuqeda ubukhulu obungavamile ngokuphelele. Amanye amajikijolo (isibonelo) ayoba nzima futhi aqoshwe, kanti amanye azoba iphalishi ephelele.
Yiqiniso, kubapheki abanolwazi, kunengqondo ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo. Isibonelo, amajikijolo amakhulu (futhi, isibonelo, kungase kube khona izithelo nemifino) ibe yisizinda semvelo, futhi abavuthiwe abancane abavuthiwe bafaka ulwazi ngokubaluleka phezu kwalesi sizinda ngemininingwane enzima futhi encane.
Noma kunjalo, lokhu kukhetho kudinga ukuqonda okujulile ngisho nokunye ukunambitheka kwezobuciko, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthatha izinto ezibonakalayo zokuvuthwa okufanayo.
Ukwenza lokhu kukhethwa kubheke umbala nokuvumelana kwempahla eluhlaza. Thatha amajikijolo kanye nezithelo ezimbalwa ezinemibala kanye nezithelo - zivuthiwe ngokugcwele.
Ngendlela, unake ubukhulu, ngoba kuhle uma impahla eluhlaza ifana nosayizi ofanayo, okushoyo, i-berry kuya ebhukwini.
Geza izithelo kahle
Amajikijolo amahle angonakaliswa ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, ngakho-ke kufanele ukunakekelwa.
Sebenzisa i-colander ne-stream stream, ungathatha, isibonelo, ishazi.
Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukushiya amajikijolo ukuze uvumele amanzi ukuba asule futhi asule kancane.
Uma sikhuluma ngento embi kakhulu futhi ehlala njalo, khona-ke umfudlana olula wamanzi asebenzayo uzophinde uvumelane kahle. Ungasiza ngisho ngezandla zakho ukuze uhlanzeke kahle.
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukugeza, ngezinye izikhathi kudingekile ukuhlunga ngokucophelela izinto ezibonakalayo ezitholakalayo, ukususa kusuka emahlathini nokungcola.
Ukukhethwa kwezitsha
Okokuqala, kufanele ususe imibono embalwa eyayiqashelwa ngokujwayelekile futhi isetshenziswe ngentshiseko. Ake siqale ngethusi.
Sikululeka ngokuqinile ukuthi ungabilisi i-jam esitsheni sesimbi.
Okokuqala, izithelo namajikijolo ziyoqothula i-oxide yethusi, ekugcineni uzothola i-patina ezitsheni kanye nezinye zethusi ku-jam uqobo, futhi okwesibili izitha zethusi zibhubhisa i-ascorbic acid, okusho ukuthi umkhiqizo uthola ngaphandle kwalolu vhamini.
Njengoba ubona, le nsimbi enhle, nakuba ihlala isebenza, akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu ye-jam.
Siyaqhubeka ne-aluminium, futhi ayidingekile nge-jam. Le ndaba iphinde i-oxides, kodwa manje i-aluminium, ebhujiswa yisenzo sesithelo nama-berry acids. Ngenxa yalokho, i-aluminium isendlini yakho, futhi akukho lutho okumele lwenze lapho.
Iyiphi inketho engcono kakhulu - uyabuza. Le ndlela yilezi:
- i-enamelware - kodwa ngaphandle kwama-chips;
- izitsha zensimbi ezingenasici.
Umbuzo wesibili obalulekile mayelana nezitsha yikukhethwa kwamandla, futhi lapha kufanele ululeke i-pelvis, enhle kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.
I-tazy ngokuphathelene nokupheka i-jam kangcono kakhulu, iyakuthuthuka kangcono futhi ibeke ungqimba ogqamile we-jam, ekugcineni ube mkhulu kakhulu futhi ufanane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uxube epulini, ungakwazi ukuhambisa izitsha ngokwabo, futhi epanini kuzodingeka ugibele okuthile futhi ngenxa yalokho kungenzeka ukulimaza amajikijolo noma izithelo.
Ngakho-ke, uma ukhetha izitsha, thatha insimbi engenalutho noma isitsha esinamanzi esinezansi. Vele ungathathi kakhulu.
Akekho oye wakhansela imithetho
Imithetho eyisisekelo okufanele ilandelwe, uma iresiphi engasho lutho:
- isilinganiso - cishe kilogram ye ushukela nge kilogram yezinto zokusetshenziswa ukuze i-jam igcinwe futhi ingabi mnandi;
- Izigaba - i-jam ayisipheki ngokubilisa yodwa, kodwa ngo-2-3 abilayo;
- iphepha noma isikhumba - uma i-jam "iphumule", sebenzisa isikhumba ukuze ugcine amajikijolo noma izithelo zingabonakali;
- ilangabi - emva kokubilisa ilangabi liyancishiswa ukuze lilawule isikhumba;
- i-jam kuphela - ungapheki ezinye izitsha eziseduzane, i-jam iqambe iphunga.
Landela lawa macebiso futhi uzothola iresiphi ephelele.
Indlela ekhethekile
Kukhona amathiphu akhethekile avumelekile ngezinto ezithile zokusetshenziswa. Lawa macebiso:
- pre-ubilise - i-quince, ama-apula, amapheya adinga ukupheka isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuqala kwenqubo;
- black rowan - ngaphambi kokupheka imizuzu embalwa emanzini abilayo futhi ekucubungeni ukupheka ngokwayo kuhlanganisa i-citric acid;
- black currant - pre-blanched ngamanzi abilayo imizuzwana 40-50;
- i-apricot - kudinga ukungena ngaphambi kokungena emanzini, lapho bangezela khona i-soda, ilitha ngalinye lamanzi, izinkezo ezimbili nengxenye, ubambe i-apricot lapho imizuzu emihlanu ukugcina ifomu;
- ama-apula - iziqephu zokuqala zokusika zigcina imizuzu embalwa emanzini, lapho zengeza khona amathisipuni amathasawoti, bese zilinganisa isikhathi esilinganayo emanzini abilayo, ngakho-ke azibumnyama;
- amajikijolo - Ukugcina umumo, uphonsa nge-toothpick.
Ukukhetha indlela yokupheka
Ngokuvamile, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: zakudala (ezindala) nezanamuhla (ezimfushane). Esikhathini se-classic version, uqale ubilise isiraphu, bese ufaka izinto eziwusizo, bese wenza izinyathelo ezimbalwa zokupheka nokubilisa. Ukukhishwa kwamagama kuyinde futhi kunzima kakhulu.
Ezinguqulo zanamuhla, uqale ufake izinto eziwusizo kanye noshukela esitsheni bese ushiya amahora amahlanu, bese wenza ukupheka okulodwa. Ngemva kwalokho, ngokushesha walala emabhange.
IJam ayikwazi ukugaywa
Inketho elula: thatha isoso bese uphonsa i-jam elungiselelwe kuyo. Uma lokwehla lusakazeka, khona-ke udinga ukupheka ngokuqhubekayo, uma ihlazo lihlala futhi liqinisa ngokuma kwe-convex, i-jam ilungile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-jam eqediwe iba yibala ngokubonakalayo, futhi i-froth itholakala eduze nendawo ye-pelvis yakho ene-enameled noma i-pan ye-copper, uma ungazange ulandele amathiphu angaphambilini.
Phakamisa amaphakheji
Ukuze uthole ukwakheka okulungile kumabhange, kufanele ubeke kuphela i-jam ehlile.
Uma kungakahlehliwe ngaphambili, amabhange azoba nezendlalelo eziqukethe isiraphu kanye nomkhiqizo oyinhloko uqobo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhange akudingeki ukuba aqhume ngokusheshangoba i-jam efudumele ingakwazi ukunikeza u-steam, okwenza kube ne-condensate, ehlala esitsheni kumaconsi nangesikhunta kungavela khona.
Ngendlela, amabhange kufanele aqale abilwe, ngakho-ke kunezindlela eziningi ezivela kuhhavini ukuyobilisa.
Kuphela emva kokuzala inzalo kudinga ukoma ngokucophelela izimbiza.
Isitoreji esifanele
Kufanele upheke i-jam ngokungabi ngaphezu konyaka nengxenye futhi usebenzise izimbiza eziningi ezingaphezu kwamalitha amabili.
Mhlawumbe, uyazi ngalokhu, kodwa futhi, ukugcina kumele kuhlelwe endaweni epholile, lapho izinga lokushisa lingakhuphuki ngezinga elingaphezu kuka-15 degrees Celsius.
Amathiphu ahlangene
Ekuphetheni, sizokunikeza amathiphu abalulekile ahlolwe isikhathi. Isibonelo, uma i-jam iqala ukushisa, kungenzeka ukulungisa isitsha, uma ithululelwa kwesinye isitsha futhi kuvamile ukuqedela. I-asidi ye-citric, eyongezwa ngemali encane imizuzu emihlanu ngaphambi kokuphela kokupheka, izokusiza ukuba udilize i-jam.
