Izaqathe - igumbi lokugcina lamavithamini ebusika lonke. Indlela yokugcina imifino?

Izaqathe ziqukethe amavithamini amaningi kanye nezici ezilandelanayo ezizuzisa umzimba womuntu. Kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokugcina impilo enhle kulabo abadala nabantwana.

Ukuze uzuze izaqathe, hhayi kuphela ehlobo, kodwa futhi ebusika, udinga ukwazi izimo lapho zingabeka khona futhi zigcinwe. Ukuze uthole isitoreji esifanele, kufanele uhambisane nokushisa okuthile, umswakama kanye nemodi yokuphumula.

Esihlokweni sethu sizocabangela ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokugcina izaqathe. Ungabuye ubuke ividiyo ewusizo ngalesi sihloko.

Okukhethekile kwezakhiwo zemifino

Ukulungiselela kuqala entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokufika. Ngokuhlwanyela, imbewu yezinhlobonhlobo ezingakwazi ukumelana nokuphila kwelanga elide zikhethwa.. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithathwe ngokukhethekile futhi zibe nempahla ebizwa ngokuthi izinga lokugcina.

On amaphakheji enezimboni lokhu kuboniswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhwalithi nokulondoloza izaqathe ngesikhathi sasebusika kuthonywa izici eziningana ezibalulekile:

• izimo zezulu ehlobo;
• ukufaneleka kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zesifunda esithile;
• isikhathi sokuvuna;
• izinga lokuvuthwa;
• Ukuhambisana okugunyaziwe nezimo zokugcina.

Izinhlobo ezingasindiswa isikhathi eside

Izaqathe zokuvuthwa eziseduze zilungele ukugcina ubusika.isikhathi sokuvuthwa sisukela ezinsukwini eziyi-110 kuya kwezingu-130, noma phakathi kokuvuthwa, ukuvuthwa kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-105 kuya kwezingu-120. Ezinye izinhlobo zihlukaniswa nokugcina kangcono ebusika, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye. Banokumelana nokubandayo, abakwazi ukubhekana nezifo ezincane futhi babe nekhwalithi elihle lokugcina. Ngesikhathi sokugcina, balondoloza ukunambitheka kwabo nezimfanelo ezinempilo.

Okuziwa kakhulu ngokugcina isikhathi eside yizinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Shantane
• Ubusika baseMoscow.
• Nantes.
• Indlovukazi yasekwindla.
• Karlen.
• Vita Long
• I-Flaccore.

Uma lezi ezihlukahlukene zingaziwa, noma isikhwama sembewu singagcinwa, kubalulekile ukuba unake ukuma kwesanqante. Ezikhathini zokuqala zokuvuthwa, leli fomu lifushane futhi eliyindilinga. (Isanqante saseParis) futhi banekhwalithi yokugcina empofu.

Izindlela zokulondoloza izaqathe

Kunezindlela zokugcina ezifakazelwa yisikhathi nokusebenza.. Ukugcina izaqathe kusiza:

• isihlabathi;
• i-sawdust yezihlahla ze-coniferous;
• i-anyanisi ne-garlic husks;
• izikhwama;
• igobolondo lobumba.

Ukubaluleka kokubhuka amabhilikithi okufanele ebusika

Isitoreji esifanele kanye nokulungiswa kwezindawo zokugcina izimpahla ze-izaqathe izimo ezibalulekile zokuphila kwelanga elide, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa. Indlela yokulungisa igumbi:

• Ukulungiselela kuqala inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kwebhukimakhi. Ekuqaleni, igumbi lomoya futhi likhutshaziwe nge-disinfected. Inqubo ye-disinfection yenziwa ngokusebenzisa ibhomu lesulfure noma i-bleach.
• Emasontweni amabili izindonga zimhlophe. Isiketshezi se-Copper kufanele sengezwe kwisixazululo nge-lime e-slaked. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ama-0.5 amalitha esisombululo ngehora elingu-1 m ngesikhathi sokugaya.².

Ukugwema ukubola nokumelela imifino yezimpande, izimo ezikhethekile zokugcina kumele zigcinwe.. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• ukushisa kombuso akuphansi kwe -1ºС hhayi okungaphezulu kuka-2ºС;
• umswakama ohambisanayo kusuka ku 90 kuya ku-95%;
• ukuphumula okulinganiselayo.

Kubalulekile: Ngisho noshintsho oluncane lokushisa lungabangela ukomisa, ukubola noma ukuhluma kwezitshalo. At + 5ºС izaqathe ziqala ukuhluma.

Ungabeka kanjani imifino emiphongolweni, esingaphansi noma emgodini wegaraji?

Cabanga ukuthi ungafaka kanjani izaqathe zokugcina isikhathi eside ebusika emiphongolweni, phansi noma emgodini okhethekile wegalaji.

Esihlabathini

Kuyinto ethandwa kakhulu phakathi balimi futhi kulula. Isihlabathi sikwazi ukugcina izinga lokushisa elizinzile.Ngenxa yalokhu, izaqathe azomile futhi amabhaktheriya ayingozi akakwazi ukuthuthukisa. Uma ubeka isitoreji sasebusika, udinga ukulandela ukulandelana:

1. Imifino yomsuka igcinwa emabhokisini enkuni noma eplastiki enhlabathini yombumba. Esihlabathini, udinga ukufaka amanzi amancane, bese uphefaza isihlabathi ngesibhamu.
2. I-bottom of the tank kufanele ihlanganise ungqimba weshlabathi kusukela ku-3 ukuya ku-5 cm.
3. Izitshalo zomsuka zifakwa emigqeni esihlabathini eseceleni kwamamitha amabili kuya kwangu-3 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ukumboza izaqathe ngesihlabathi ukuze isihlabathi sigubungele ngokuphelele izimpande, futhi usakaze umugqa olandelayo wezimpande.
4. Qhubeka ukushintshanisa izendlalelo kuze kube yilapho isitsha sigcwaliswe ngokuphelele.

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo mayelana nokugcina izaqathe esihlabathini:

Softwood sawdust

I-pin noma i-spruce sawdust izofaneleka ukugcina. Okuqukethwe ku-sawdust yezinto ze-phenolic kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhaktheriya we-putrefactive, futhi akuvumeli izaqathe zikhule.

1. Njengesiqukathi sokugcina, hlela ibhokisi lezinkuni (ivolumu kuze kufike ku-18 kg) ngesembozo esifanelekile.
2. Ngaphansi kwebhokisi ligcwele i-coniferous sawdust emgqeni wamamitha amabili kuya kwamathathu.
3. On sawdust ukubeka izimpande. Ama-karoti akufanele axhumana nomunye nomunye.
4. Beka ungqimba wokuqala wama-izaqathe agcwele ungqimba we-sawdust, uhlanganise ngokuphelele izimpande.
5. Eminye izendlalelo zesanqante ne-sawdust kuze ibhokisi ligcwele ngokuphelele. Emva kokukhipha isitsha ngemifino yezimpande ukuze ugcinwe emiphongolweni, phansi noma emgodini wegodini.

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo mayelana nokugcina izaqathe ku-coniferous sawdust:

Ezikhwama

1. Ezikhwameni ze-polyethylene ngevolumu ye-5 kuya ku-30 ​​kg ugcwalise izaqathe, ugcwalise isitsha ngezimpande zezitshalo ngu 2/3.
2. Beka isikhwama eplasini endaweni eqondile eshalofini noma endaweni. Isikhwama kumele sivuleke ngoba izaqathe zikhupha i-carbon dioxide. I-CO concentration enkulu izobuthelwa esikhwameni esivaliwe.₂Lokhu kuzoholela ekuqotheni izaqathe.
3. Ukwehlisa ngaphakathi kwesikhwama kubonisa izinga elikhuphule lomswakama. Ukuze ugweme ukuqoqwa kwe-condensate ezansi, isikhwama esingaphansi kumele sishaywe futhi siseduze ne-lime esifaka umfutho ongakwazi ukuthola umswakama obuningi.

In ikhasi le-anyanisi

Ku-anyanisi ubhekene nempilo yesheluzi yezitshalo ezimpande kufana ne-sawdust. Okuqukethwe ekhoneni lezinto ezibalulekile akuvumeli ukuthi amabhaktheriya athuthukise futhi inqubo yokubola.

1. Ukumboza phansi kwesikhwama sesikhwama ngendwangu ebalulekile yephepha le-anyanisi.
2. Phezu kwezimpande zezinhlanzi ze-husk.
3. Vala izaqathe ngendwangu ebanzi. Ngenye indlela izendlalelo kuze kube yilapho isikhwama sigcwele, siphela ngendwangu yesikhumba se-anyanisi.
4. Izikhwama zifakwe emashalofini noma zifakwa ekhoneni emiphongolweni.

Le ndlela izosindisa izaqathe kuze kufike isivuno esilandelayo.

Ngobumba

Izaqathe zingagcinwa ngobumba obomile. Igobolondo elincane lomdongwe lizovikela izimpande ekudleni okungenakwenzeka kuze kufike isivuno sonyaka ozayo.

1. Ingxenye ibhakede lobumba lihlanjululwa ngamanzi.
2. Ngemuva kokuba ubumba buqhuma, engeza amanzi amaningi bese uhlanganise kahle. Ukungaguquguquki akufanele kube mkhulu kunekhilimu omuncu.
3. Vala phansi ebhokisini noma ngebhayisikili ifilimu.
4. Kulo miqolo ubeka izimpande, ugweme ukuthintana nomunye nomunye.
5. Ingqimba yokuqala yamaqathi athululela ubumba. Ngemuva kokuba ubumba boma, beka uhlangothi lwesibili bese uthela phezu kobumba;
6. Beka izaqathe ukuze ugcwalise isitsha.

Amathiphu engeziwe kanye nezixwayiso

Isikhathi sokugcina se-carrot:

• esiqandisini kuze kube izinyanga ezimbili;
• emasakeni e-polyethylene kuze kube yizinyanga ezine;
• esihlabathini kuze kube izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili;
• ebhodini, emasidini e-coniferous, e-anyanisi ikhasi elilodwa.

Lapho izaqathe nama-apula zigcinwa ndawonye, ​​izaqathe ziwohloka ngokushesha. Ama-apula avulekile amelela i-ethylene, okwenza izimpande zingakalungi ukusetshenziswa.

Ibhodi: Ukwehliswa kwesitshalo njalo, ukususwa kwezitshalo eziqothulwa phansi kanye nokusika amahlamvu okukhulayo kusiza ukwandisa impilo yeshefu futhi kugweme ukulahleka kwezitshalo.

Isiphetho

Ukuqaliswa ngokufanele kwayo yonke imisebenzi yokulungiselela nokugcina izaqathe, kuzovumela unyaka wonke ukuba ujabulele izithelo zawo. Kusukela ezindleleni zokulondolozwa ezihlongozwayo, ungakhetha okufanele kakhulu. Entwasahlobo, hlwayela imbewu kuphela ngesikhala eside.