I-gerbera emhlophe iyisampula enhle kakhulu yembali, okuyiyo leyo eyenzelwe ukudala amalungiselelo embali. Kufanele cishe noma yikuphi izimbali - kusukela ekuhloniphekeni komuntu kuya komuntu othobekile kakhulu. Kuze kube yamuva, yayisetshenziselwa imbali "yezimboni" zokuhlelwa kwembali, okwamanje, i-gerbera isiye yaba mnandi kubalimi be-amateur.
I-Gerbera iyimbali yesihlanu ethandwa kakhulu kwezimbali, emva kwe-roses, i-carnations, i-chrysanthemums nama-tulips. Elinye igama lelimbali elimangalisayo liyi "Transvaal daisy", egameni leTransvaal lendawo eNingizimu Afrika, lapho litholakala khona.
Incazelo ye-Botanical nomlando
I-Gerbera ingowomndeni we-aster, futhi iyafana ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-aster, ne-chamomile, ngisho nase-sunflower encane. Lathola igama layo ngegama lochwepheshe odumile waseJalimane nodokotela wezinto eziphilayo uTraugott Gerber. Ubuhle obumhlophe bamaYurophu baziwa kabanzi ngemva kokuhamba ngezinyawo eNingizimu Afrika, emahlathini aseStagascar, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 leminyaka yokuqala.
Imbali ye "transvaal daisy" i-inflorescence eyinkimbinkimbi, (ngaphandle kwalokho ebizwa ngokuthi "ibhasikidi"). Ububanzi be-inflorescence buvela kumamitha angu-4 kuya kwangu-30.
"Ibhasikidi" elinjalo liqukethe:
- Izimbali ezimhlophe kakhulu ezimhlophe ekugcineni kwe-inflorescence;
- izimbali eziphakathi, eziyizigaxa ezincane eziphuzi.
Ngokuphelele, "ibhasikidi" lingabandakanya imibala engamakhulu ayishumi. Amaqabunga ama-gerbera amhlophe anomusa, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka omnyama, enamaqabunga amaqabunga amaqabunga emaphethelweni, angaba ngamasentimitha angu-30 ubude, ngezinye izikhathi agcwele i-fuzz emhlophe. Ukuphakama kweziqu - kufika kumamentimitha angu-60. I-Rhizome ithuthukiswe kahle.
I-Gerbera iyisitshalo esingapheliyo. Njengamanje, ngenxa yomsebenzi wabalimi, izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-70 ze-gerbera ezimhlophe sezivele zenziwe.
Ukubukeka kanye nezici
I-gerbera elimhlophe liyamangalisa ngendlela efanayo. I-peduncle yesithameli esivela ema-subtropics ihlale yodwa; ihaqwe amaqabunga futhi ifakwe emahlumela. "I-Transvaal Chamomile" - imbali ye-thermophilic, ukukhula ngakho ezimweni zethu endle akukhuthazwa (uma ufuna ukuthola ukuthi i-gerbera isakhula kanjani engadini, funda lesi sihloko).
Nakuba i-gerbera ithanda ilanga, kuhle ukuyifihla emthunzini emini ehlobo. Ngokuthakazelisayo, isikhathi sokumbali sesitshalo amahora angu-12. Uma kunokukhanya kwelanga kakhulu, futhi futhi uma kukhona okungaphezu kwalokho, awukwazi ukulinda izimbali nhlobo (ngolwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuthi kungani i-gerberas ingakwazi ukuqhakaza nokuthi ingazinakekela kanjani kulokhu, ungathola lapha).
Isithombe
Ngezansi uzobona isithombe se-gerbera emhlophe:
Kuphi nokuthi ungayitshala kanjani?
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, ukulima kwegerbera emhlophe endle kunzima. Ephakathi kweRussia, "i-Transvaal daisies" kumele igukwe ngaphambi kokuqala kwebanda elibandayo. Kunconywa ukuthi ukhule lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezindlini zokugcina izithombo noma ekhaya.
Ukukhanyisa nendawo
I-Gerbera - "sissy" futhi uyesaba ama-drafts nemimoya eqinile. Uma usenquma ukuyihlwanyela ensimini, indawo engcono kakhulu kuyoba yindawo eduze kocingo olufile noma udonga lwesakhiwo ngokuthungwa okuphezulu.
Kunconywa ukutshala lesi sitshalo emgodini omncane, kodwa kuphela ukuthi ungagcini amanzi, kuyoba yingozi kwa-gerberas. Kunconywa ukubeka i-gerbera endlini e-flowerpot endaweni enokuthula nekhazimulayo (indlela yokunakekela i-gerbera ebhodweni, funda lapha). Okuhle kunazo zonke kule sitshalo se-whimsical i-sill window ebheke eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Futhi, abalimi bembali bayelulekwa ukuba bafake ibhodlela le-gerbera epallet ene-sphagnum moss, igravel noma ubumba olwandisiwe.
Izidingo zomhlaba
I-Gerbera ikhetha inhlabathi ekhululekile lapho umoya omusha ugeleza khona kalula. Ukulungisa i-substrate, kuzodingeka uhlanganise ngokulingana okulinganako:
- i-peat;
- isihlabathi esihle;
- i-leaf turf
Ngokuyinhloko, ingxube yeposi yama roses, evezwe kabanzi kumanethiwekhi wokusabalalisa, ibuye ifanelekile kumagerberas.
I-Humus ne-compost iyingozi kakhulu kwizimpande ze-gerbera. Gwema ukungeza lezi zithako emhlabathini.
Ukunakekelwa kanye nezifo ezivamile nezinambuzane
Izifo ezivamile kanye nezinambuzane "I-Transvaal daisy" - isitshalo sethenda. Njengoba sekushiwo, akasithandi imidwebo futhi ilanga elikhanyayo.
Kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela ukuze ucheze. Amaconsi amanzi akufanele awe phezu kwamaqabunga kanye ne-basal rosette (ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, lesi sitshalo asithandi ukuchithwa), inani lamanzi kufanele libe lincane ukuze kungabi nakancane ukuthi lime endaweni engezansi yomhlaba. Ukunisela, amanzi atshisa kuphela, afudumele ngamanzi afanelekile.
Umoya wokuthi ubuhle obumhlophe "buphefumula" kufanele buhlelwe kahle, ngokushisa kwama-20-22 degrees Celsius. Futhi, ngokujulile, kuyadingeka ukuba ufinyelele isicelo enhlabathini yokugqoka okuphezulu:
- Ama-fertilizer complexes namazinga aphezulu e-nitrojeni kumele asetshenziswe kusukela ekupheleni kwebusika kuze kuphakathi kwentwasahlobo;
- izakhi ezakhiwe nge-potassium, ezifanele isikhathi sokuqhakaza, okuyindlela, siwela esikhathini kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuNovemba.
Amazwi ambalwa mayelana nezifo nezinambuzane ze-gerbera ezithinta isitshalo. Lezi zihlanganisa:
- Idonsa likaMealy. Isibonakaliso sangaphandle - i-plaque engxenyeni engenhla yamaqabunga esitshalo esibulalayo, ukukhanya kwawo.
- I-Fusarium ne-verticillus. Lapho kukhona isifo esinjalo, i-rhizome kanye nesisekelo sezinyawo ze-peduncles zidwetshwe ngombala obomvu obanzi.
- Phytophthora. Izimpawu zalo ziyi-sweaty pigmentation kuzo zonke izingxenye ze-gerbera, i-stalk ebola.
- Grey ukubola. Amahlamvu kanye namahlumela ahlanganiswe ne-grey bloom.
Kungenzeka ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngalezi zifo ngokuhambisa njalo igumbi lapho isitshalo siphila khona. Kodwa qaphela ama-drafts! Bangakwazi ukubhubhisa kalula isivakashi se-subtropics yabo emanzi.
I-gerbera engaphazamiseka nezinambuzane, kufaka phakathi:
- isi-spider mite;
- i-whitefly;
- i-aphid;
- schitovka.
Ungawaqeda ngokuhlanza ngokucophelela isitshalo kwisisombululo se-soapy, noma ngokusebenzisa i-insecticide.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwe-gerbera lapha, kodwa lapha sitshele ukuthi kungani amaqabunga ama-gerbera angase aphuzi futhi angayiphatha kanjani.
Ukuzala
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokuzalanisa i-gerbera emhlophe:
imbewu (engavamile);- ukuhlukana kwesihlahla;
- ukuxhunyelelwa.
imbewu (engavamile);Imbewu itshalwe enhlabathini ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ihlanganiswe nengqimba encane yomhlabathi, ngaphambili yayinamahora angu-3-4.
Imbewu ingahlwanyelwa kungekuqaleni kwezinyanga eziyisithupha emva kokuvuna.ngemuva kokumiswa ngokuphelele.
Ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga kuqala avele ezitshalweni ezincane, zifakelwa kabusha, ziqede ngokucophelela iphuzu lempande esemqoka.
Ukukhiqizwa ngokuhlukaniswa kuvame ukuqhutshwa uma ukhula i-gerbera ekhaya.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwenziwa ekupheleni kwezimbali, ngokuvamile ehlobo.
- Uma uhlukanisa i-gerbera, ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi lususwe, ingxenye engenhla ye-rhizome evelele ihlukaniswa ngokucophelela kokubili (kuyinto elula kakhulu ukusebenzisa isikhalazo sokuhlinzwa).
- Zombili izingxenye zishiywe ebhodweni.
- Kunconywa ukuba ufafaze ukusika ngelahle eliyimpuphu (kodwa umhlaba owomile nje uzokwenza).
- Emva kokuvela kwezimpande ezintsha ezitshalweni, zithathwe futhi zitshalwe eziqukathi ezahlukene. Enye indlela yokuzalisa ubuhle obuhle - izicucu.
- E-gerbera, ingxenye ye-stem eneqabunga kanye nekhono inqunywe futhi ifakwe enhlabathini efudumele, enomanzi.
- Kungakapheli isonto elilodwa, kuzovela amahlumela amasha, okuvela kuwo "ama-daisies" e-Transvaal.
Isiphetho
I-Gerberas yizimbali ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezinhle kakhulu, ezifashisayo, ezithakazelisayo, ezingenasici ebuhleni bazo obuhle kakhulu. Bayakwazi ukuvuselela ngaphakathi kwanoma yiliphi igumbi, balethe amanothi okujabula kanye nethemba ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Unganikeza umuntu onokuhlonipha okujulile nomzwelo wokubonga.
