Ukufakelwa kuyindaba engathí sina! Indlela yokukhulisa ama-eggplant endle

Ukutshala izihlahla endaweni evulekile yezithombo ezikhule ngokucophelela kuyisikhathi esibalulekile kunoma yimuphi umlimi wensimu.

Ngenkambiso eyenziwe kahle, izitshalo aziphuzi ukukhula, izimbali kanye nokwakhiwa kwama-ovari kuvele kahle ngesikhathi.

Ukufakelwa ngempumelelo ngempumelelo, kubalulekile ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele, ulungise inhlabathi, ungakhohlwa ngokuphuza nokuhlanganisa.

Ukutshala kabusha endaweni yokubamba ukushisa noma engadini: lapho ukwenza khona

Ukukhula okuphumelelayo kwama-eggplant, kubalulekile ukukhetha isikhathi sokufakelwa kwesokudla. Isitshalo seqanda sinamathempeli kakhulu, inhlabathi kufanele ifudumele kufikele ku-12-13 degrees. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi lifika engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi. Ngokuhambisana nezibonakaliso zesizwe, inkathi yezimbali eziningi zama-dandelions kuyoba yisikhathi esihle sokufakelwa ama-eggplants emibhedeni yasensimu nasezindlini zokugcina ezibandayo.

Uma intwasahlobo ebandayo ihlala isikhathi eside, inqubo yokushisa inhlabathi ingashesha, Ukumboza imibhede enezingqimba ezimbili zefilimu ye-polyethylene noma indwangu ye-opaque nonwoven. Lapho uhambisa izitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile, ungathatha izinyathelo ezinkulu ngokwakha indawo yokuhlala yesikhashana phezu kwemibhede. Ama-arcs of wire aqinile anamathele emhlabathini, lapho ifilimu yepulasitiki ilulalwa khona. Esikhathini sokushisa okunjalo okuthuthukisiwe, izithombo zizwa zikhululekile futhi zingesabi ama-frosts okungazelelwe. Ezitsheni zokugcina izithombo zingatshalwa unyaka wonke.

Izinhlobo eziningi zilungele ukufakelwa. eneminyaka engu-20-25 emva kokuvela. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, isikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu sibalwa. Uma uhlela ukutshala isitshalo seqanda ensimini, zihlwanyelwa izithombo engxenyeni yesibili ka-Ephreli futhi zifakelwe ekuqaleni kuka-Juni. Ngokutshala ngaphansi kwefilimu, imbewu ihlwanyelwe ngasekupheleni kuka-Mashi-ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, ihambisa izitshalo ezincane emibhedeni ka-May 10-15. Kuzo zokugcina izitshalo zamafilimu namaqhwa, izithombo zitshalwe kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi, kanti ngo-Ephreli 15 usekulungele ukuthuthela endaweni yokuhlala.

Ukukhetha isikhathi sokuphuma, kubalulekile ukucabangela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-eggplant. Ukuze fruiting kangcono Amanye ama-hybrids anconywa ukuba atshalwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunezinsuku ezicacisiwe ezinsukwini ezingu-5-10. Izithombo ezindala zigxila kangcono futhi zenze i-ovary ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukugxila ekubukeni kwezitshalo ezincane. Izithombo ezihle ziqinile, zinamathela ezincane eziqhamukayo futhi ezikhanyayo, hhayi imifino ehlahlelayo. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ube nama-4-5 kulawa maqabunga.

Ama-stalk akufanele alule kakhulu. Uma ukufakelwa kabusha emibhedeni kubambezelekile, kunconywa ukuthi uphathe izithombo ezigulini ezinezidakamizwa ezikhethekile ezinciphisa ukukhula. Ukukhanya okufanelekayo okuhlanganiswa kwe-Camposan noma kwe-TUR, ephephile kwezitshalo. Amalungiselelo anganciphisi ukubeka amafihlekile nokwakhiwa kwama-ovari, iziqu zama-eggplants ziba namandla kakhulu, ukubonakala kwezithombo kuthuthuka.

Ukulungiswa komhlaba

Ngaphambi kokuthutha izithombo zomhlabathi kudingeka zilungiswe. Hukucindezela ngokukhululekile, izinsalela zezitshalo kanye negqoke elincane zikhethwa kulo. Ingxenye ye-humus noma i-peat ifakwe emhlabathini. Ukukhanyisa inhlabathi, kuphakama isivuno seqanda. Kulo abamba ukushisa kunconywa ukuba uvuselele unyaka ophezulu ungqimba lomhlabathi. Ukuze uthole ukuphepha okukhulu, ingahle ichithe ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa izwe elifanayo elisetshenziselwa izithombo ezikhulayo, ukujwayela kwezitshalo ezincane kuzoba yimpumelelo.

Imithombo ikulungele kahle ngaphambi kokutshala. Kwenzeni ngamunye wenze izingxenye zomquba obolile bese ufafaza ngendwangu yokukhanya ye peat. Kuhle ukuchithela emithonjeni ngamanzi ashisayo bese ubavumela ukuba baphole. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla lihluka kusuka ku-40 kuya ku-50 cm futhi kuncike ngohlobo lwesitshalo seqanda. Izitshalo ezithe xaxa zingatshalwa. Kuvunyelwe phakathi kwemigqa yobubanzi obungenani 70 cm.

Ukufakelwa kwesitshalo seqanda: Izinyathelo Zezinyathelo Ngezinyathelo

Ukutshala izitshalo ezincane Kungcono ukuchitha ekuseni, ngesimo sezulu esifudumele.

1. Izithombo ze-isitshalo seqanda ziphendulwa kahle.. Ukudonsa iziqu akukwazi ukuthi izitshalo zibuthakathaka futhi zilimale kalula. Lesi sitshalo sithathwe ndawonye nge-clod yomhlaba, sigcwele izimpande. Shake the ground akudingekile. Izithombo ezikhulile ezimbizeni noma amaphilisi angeke zisuswe ezigodini zazo.
2. Ukuthungatha kuhamba emgodini. Ukujula kufanele kufane ne-coma yomhlaba, akusifisi ukuxuba izimpande. Izithombo ziyancipha emaqabunga e-cotyledon, ubuso be-coma zobumba buhlanganiswe nomhlabathi omusha we-2-3 cm. Akunakwenzeka ukumbela ezitshalweni kakhulu, lokhu kungabangela ukubonakala komlenze omnyama. Ukushiya izimpande ebusweni nakho akufanele.
3. Inhlabathi ezungeze lesi sitshalo yizandla ezihlanziwe ngokucophelela. Akunakwenzeka ukuwuqeda ngokuqinile, kodwa ungavumeli ukuguguleka komhlabathi okuqhubekayo. Isithombo ngasinye siyanisela ngamanzi afudumele distilled (okungenani 1-2 amalitha).
4. Umhlabathi ophezulu uhlanganiswe. Ungasebenzisa ama-humus, peat noma utshani. Kodwa inketho ebomvu ukumboza umhlabathi ngefilimu emnyama, i-opaque noma enye impahla engeyona oboshwe lapho imigodi yezitshalo inqunywa khona. Indawo yokuzivikela izovikela isitshalo seqanda ngokuphahlazeka kokushisa okungazelelwe, kuncishiswe isikhathi sokuzijwayeza bese uyisindisa emanzini.

Ukutshala Imbewu Yokutshala Isitshalo Seqanda: Ukulungiselela Izinto

Ungenza ngaphandle kwezithombo ezikhulayo ekhaya, ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-isitshalo seqanda ngqo emhlabathini. Imbewu ukuhamba phambili, ezingenalutho futhi eziphihliwe zinqatshiwe. Abanye balimi bakhetha ukuhlwanyela imbewu eyomile, becabanga ukuthi amahlumela asanda kuvela akhutshazwa kalula. Abanye bawuthulule imbewu emanzini afudumele noma bawahlanganise ngendwangu emanzi yokuvuvukala. Ukukhetha indlela kuxhomeke ezihlukahlukene zokutshala amaqanda nezintandokazi zakho.

Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela emibhedeni evulekile imbewu ingaba nzima. Zifakwe indwangu ebomvu, zilindele ukuthi amahlumela avele, bese imbewu ithunyelwa egumbini elingaphansi leqandisini ngosuku. Le nqubo ikhulisa ukuzivikela kwezitshalo, ibenze igweme izimo zezulu ezimbi.

Enye indlela evivinywe futhi evivinywa - ukufudumala kwembewu. Kwenzeka ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-60, ihlala cishe amahora amabili. Khona-ke inzalo yamahora angu-12 ifakwa kwisisombululo se-manganese sulphate, i-potassium nitrate ne-superphosphate.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokulungiselela imbewu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.

Ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini: imiyalelo ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Imbewu yokutshala ne-eggplants kangcono engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi nasekuqaleni kukaJune.

1. Imibhede ilungisiwe, kukhishwe ama-debris futhi kuhlanganiswe nesabelo esivulekile sama humus.
2. Inhlabathi idinga ukukhululeka kahle. futhi wenze imifantu 5-7 cm ejulile.
3. Kuzo imbewu ihlwanyelwe kude 10-20 cm. Ibanga lincike ezinhlobonhlobo, ngokuvamile idatha enembile kakhulu iboniswa emaphaketheni yembewu.

Usizo! Ama-eggplants okuqala okuvuthwa angatshalwa kakhulu, ukuvuthwa kwelanga kudinga isikhala samahhala.

Enye indlela kungenzeka.

1. Emhlabathini izimbobo zenziwa, okufanayo, kanye nokungena kwe-seedling.
2. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigodi lingama-20 cm, phakathi kwemigqa - okungenani ama-40 cm. Umquba omncane obolile uhlelwe emthonjeni ngamunye futhi ufafazwe ungqimba lwe-peat.
3. Imbewu 4-5 ihlwanyelwe.

Lolu khetho luwusizo uma ukhula ku-trellis.

Imifula noma izimbobo wanisela ngamanzi afudumele, waxazulula amanzi kusuka emanzini okuchelela. Bese-ke benziwe ngamapulangwe ngenhlabathi futhi kalula bahlushwa ngezandla. I-substrate imele kufanele ibe mncane kakhulu, ingabi ngaphezu kuka-1 cm. Abanye balimi bakhetha ukungalali imbewu, babashiya phezulu. Kulokhu, ubuso bomhlabathi nezitshalo buhlanganiswe nefilimu noma ingilazi. Ukuhamba komhlaba kungafudumala, kuhlanganiswe ngamatshani amahlumela.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 emva kokuvela, ukuhlwanyela kuhlunga. Izitshalo ezinamandla ziyasuswa: usike ngommese noma ngephini. Awukwazi ukuwadonsa, angalimaza izimpande zezithombo eziqinile.

Ngemuva kokuncipha Izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukondla, ukuwaphuza ngesisombululo se-aqueous slurry noma i-droppings ye-bird ehlanjululwe. Ngemuva kokutshala umanyolo kunamanzi amaningi ahlanzekile. Wabuye wahlanza ukugqoka okwawa ngamacembe. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukushisa.

Izinto eziwusizo

Funda ezinye izihloko mayelana nokukhula nokunakekela izithombo zezitshalo zeqanda:

• Izindlela ezehlukene zokulima: ezibhebhethini ze-peat, enkonzweni nasemaphepheni angasese.
• Zonke izici zokuhlwanyela ngokwezikhalenda zenyanga.
• Imithetho yegolide yokukhula kusuka enzalweni.
• Izici zokulima ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zaseRussia: ema-Urals, eSiberia nasesifundazweni saseMoscow.
• Isikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyela nini imbewu?

Ama-eggplants okufakelwe ngokufanele kufanele aqale ngokushesha, akhuthaze ukutshala izimbali. Ukuzivumelanisa ngcono kuzosiza ekusizeni ngesikhathi esifanele, ukuchelela okufanele, ukuvikelwa kwezitshalo kusuka kwesimo sezulu kanye nezilokazane ezinambuzane.