USisolina begonia - isitshalo se-herbaceous esenziwe ngomhlobiso se-genus Begonian. Amasiko akhule ikakhulukazi njenge-ampelnaya.
Okuqukethwe ezindlini zokuhlala kanye nehhovisi, emasimini asebusika ezimbizeni noma ezilongeni. I-Begonia - i-flower yangaphakathi engahloniphekile. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kuzoqhakaza isikhathi eside futhi kufinyeleleke.
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nomlando nezici zalesi sitshalo, mayelana nokutshala nokukhathalela, kanye nezifo ezikhona kanye nezinambuzane esihlokweni sethu.
Umlando kanye nencazelo yezitshalo
Phakathi nokuhambela kwesayense kuma-Antilles, isitshalo sezitshalo seFrance nesiKhulu, uCharles Plumier, sathola kuqala u-begonia. Igama lesi sitshalo lalihlonishwa nguMichel Begone, umhleli wenkambiso.
USisolina begonia - ohlala isikhathi eside nge-shrub enamahlumela okuphela. Amaqabunga amancane futhi akhanyayo, ama-ovate-oblong, akhonjiswe phezulu. Izimbali zobulili obufanayo obufana nobubanzi kuya cm kuya kwesigamu. Zitholakala ngamaqembu. Imigomo ebhulayo: ihlobo, ekwindla nasebusika.
Ukubukeka kanye nezici
Amaqabunga asymmetric ane ubude obuyi-12 cm yizici ze-begonias. Umbala uwuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ubluhlaza) ohlangothini olulodwa futhi obomvu komunye.
Izici:
- Izimbali ziqoqwe kuma-racemes angasebenzi kahle.
- Umbala wezimbali: kusuka ekubomvu okukhanyayo kuya kumathoni obomvu.
- I-stin drooping stem.
Ukugqugquzela i-begonia kunconywa ukuba ikhule emakhaya ekulongeni amabhasikidi noma izimbiza. Lesi sitshalo sisakazwa kalula stem stem cuttings.
Indlela yokutshala?
Ukukhanyisa nendawo
USisolina begonias udinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo.
Qaphela! I-Flower ayikwazi ukugcinwa ilanga elivulekile. Amahlamvu ashiswa.
Ukuvimbela ukukhanya kwelanga, amawindi ewindidi nge-gauze, indwangu noma izimpumputhe. Ezikhathini ezibandayo, isiko sibheke endaweni enelanga isikhathi esifushane ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Faka izimbiza zembali, ikakhulukazi empumalanga naseningizimu-west window-sills. Vumela shading eqinile ayikwazi. Amaqabunga azoqala ukuphuzi.
Izidingo Eziphansi
Ingxube yomhlabathi ye-begonias kufanele ibe neqhamuka futhi ikhululekile. Isibonelo sokutshala singathengwa silungile noma senze wena ngokwakho.
Ukubunjwa okuhle kwenhlabathi:
- isanti - ingxenye engu-1;
- amaqabunga umhlaba - izingxenye ezimbili;
- peat - izingxenye ezimbili;
- i-turf - izingxenye ezimbili;
- humus umhlaba - izingxenye 4.
Ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko ungakwazi ukwengeza umhlaba omncane we-coniferous. I-substrate ye-begonias kufanele ibe ne-acidic noma ingathathi hlangothi.
Amandla
Ibhodlela elikhethiwe aliyona inqwaba kakhulu, kodwa ivulekile. Indaba ayinandaba: ubumba, ipulasitiki noma i-ceramics. Izimbobo zokudonsa kumele zenziwe ngezansi.
Indlela yokutshala?
Imbewu yokutshala eyenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Isikhathi esinqunyiwe - phakathi no-Mashi. Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ebhokisini lembewu.
Inqubo:
- Izinto zokutshala zifakwa engxenyeni elungiselelwe, ngokucindezela kancane emhlabathini. Powder phezulu akudingekile.
- Isembozo esiphezulu nesipulasitiki noma ingilazi.
- Amabhokisi anezithombo afakwa ekamelweni elihle eligcwele izinga lokushisa lama-20-24 degrees.
Amahlumela azovela ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-10-20. Izithombo zihamba emva kwezinsuku ezingu-30-45 ezimbizeni ezihlukene.
Ukunakekela
Ukushisa nomswakama
Ukuze i-begonia ibhekene nokuhlukanisa, umbuso wokushisa kufanele ulinganise: cishe ama-18-20 degrees Celsius.
Amagugu amancane ebusika awekho ngaphansi kuka-+15 degrees.
USisole begonias - abathandi bomoya omanzi. Ukuze kugcinwe izinga elidingekayo lomswakama njalo lifiphala umoya ozungeze izitshalo. Umswakama akufanele uwe phezu kwamaqabunga.
Ekamelweni lapho i-begonias ikhona khona, izinga lomswakama ligcinwa ngaphakathi kwama-60%.
Ekushiseni, banikeza umswakama owengeziwe: izimbali zifakwe emathreyini amakhulu agcwele isihlabathi, isihlahla se-peat noma se-moss. Amasiko adinga umoya omusha, ngakho igumbi kumele libe umoya. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-begonias kuthuthukisa.
Ukunisela
Ukunisela njalo, mhlawumbe ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ehlobo bafaka amafutha amaningi, ebusika kunomqondo olinganiselayo - ngokusho kwesilinganiso sokumiswa kwesigcawu esingenhla somhlabathi. Ukulayishwa kabusha akuvunyelwe - imbali ingathola ukubola kwempunga.
Imithetho yokunisela:
- Qinisekisa ukuthi amanzi aphuma emigodini yamanzi.
- Gwema umswakama emaqabunga. Amabala obuhlaza angabumba kuwo.
- Umquba wokunisela uthatha isiphephelo: ubilisiwe noma uhlungiwe.
- Amanzi kufanele abe sezingeni lokushisa.
I-Begonias ayikwazi ukuhambisana namanzi abandayo.
Umanyolo
Yondla ngokucophelela begonia ngokucophelela. Ukubunjwa okulinganiselayo kufanelekile kulesi sitshalo esiyingozi.
Izici zokudla:
- Gcwalisa isikhathi 1 ngenyanga.
- Ngesikhathi sokuphumula (ebusika) ukondla uma kudingeka.
- Entwasahlobo ukutshala phakathi nenkathi yokukhula okujulile ngezinto eziqukethe i-phosphorus ne-potassium.
- Kabili ngonyaka ungenza umuthi.
Qaphela! Ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa i-sizolistnoy i-begonia idla ngokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen. Lezi zinhlanganisela ziholela ekukhuleni kweqabunga kanye nokwehliswa kwesakhiwo se-Budget.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izifo ezivamile
Ngenxa yokunganaki imithetho yokunakekela, u-begonia ungagula. Lapho bekhula isitshalo esinotshani, abalimi bezimbali babhekene nezinkinga eziningana:
- Amathiphu amaqabunga aphendukile futhi awa. Isizathu: umswakama omncane ophansi nokuntuleka kwamanzi emhlabathini.
Ukwelapha: ukuqinisekisa umswakama ezingeni elifanele futhi ukulungisa ukuchelela.
- Ipuleti leqabunga liphenduka liphaphathekile ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya.
Isixazululo senkinga: thuthela isitshalo endaweni ekhanyisiwe.
- Ukubunjwa kwe-fungus ngenxa yomswakama obuningi ezindaweni eziphansi zokushisa.
Ukwelashwa: susa izindawo ezithintekile futhi uphathe imbali ngefungicides.
- Umkhuhlane we-powdery yisifo esivamile se-begonias. Amahlamvu ahlanganiswe nokuqhakaza okumhlophe. Isizathu - ukushisa okungalungile nomoya owomile.
Ukulwa nalesi sifo, imbali iphathwa ngesisombululo se-1% se-colloidal sulfure.
Izinambuzane
USisolina begonias uthinta izibungu zesicabucabu, uma igumbi lomoya omile kakhulu. Ama-Acaricidal agents asetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa ama-parasite. Ukufafaza izitshalo kwenziwa emoyeni ovulekile ngokuhambisana nemithetho yokuphepha.
Isiko se-herbaceous sihlasela futhi sihlaselwa i-aphid. Ikhambi lomuntu lizosiza ukuqeda inkathazo: gcizelela isisombululo sogwayi emini bese siphatha izindawo zezinambuzane. Ukwakhiwa kwalungiswa ngesilinganiso sama 20 amagremu we-shag ngalinye ilitha lamanzi.
Izici zokuzala
Indlela ethandwayo yokuzalanisa i-phonees sizolistnoy - ukuxhunyelela amahlumela ama-apical. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usike isiqu 7-8 cm ngamacembe amabili noma amathathu. Yehlisa isondlo esingaphezulu. Izindawo zokusika zifafazwe ngamalahle.
Izenzo ezengeziwe:
- Umgodi wenziwa ebhodweni nge-substrate.
- Beka isiqu bese ujula emaqabunga.
- Isembozo esiphezulu ngebhodlela leplastiki.
Ngemva kwenyanga, amaqabunga amasha avela.
I-Begonia ingatshalwa kusuka eqenjini noma ingxenye yayo. Khetha iqabunga eliphilile elihle futhi ulihlukanise libe ngamasheya amaningana ukuze ngamunye abe nemigodi engu-2-3. Lezi zinto zifakwa enhlabathini emanzi futhi zihlanganiswe ne-cellophane noma i-polyethylene ifilimu.
Lapho amaqabunga amancane evela, kancane kancane ajwayele ukulala emoyeni, asuse ikhava. Lapho izithombo zikhula, zitshalwe ezimbizeni.
I-Bushy begonias iveza ama-rhizomes. Ukwenza lokhu, imbali ithathwa ngaphandle kwethangi, izimpande zinyene kancane emanzini. Qaphela ngokucophelela ama-rhizomes zibe izingxenye ukuze ngamunye abe nehlumela noma ihlumela. I-cut is ephathwa nge powder wamalahle. Izinto ezihlwanyelayo zokutshala zifakwa ezimbizeni futhi zanisela.
Ngakho-ke, akunzima neze ukukhula nokunakekela i-sizolist begonia. Ukuze uthole imbali, ukukhanyisa kudlala indima enkulu - kufanele kube yikhanyane, kodwa ivule kancane. Ukunisela kuhlinzeka ngokulinganayo. Umswakama omhlabathi ophezulu awuvumelekile. Isiko semifino sizohlobisa indlu futhi sinikeze isimo esihle, uma ulandela izincomo zokunakekelwa ngenhla.
