Ngaphandle kokungabikho kwe-villi noma ama-bristle ejwayelekile ngaphezulu kwesitshalo, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hymnocalicium kungokomndeni wakwaCactus. Umdabu waseLatin America uthole igama lakhe, elihunyushwa kusuka kwisiLatin ngokuthi "inkomishi engenalutho" ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okungajwayelekile.
Izimbali
Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, ama-hymnocalicium blooms vele ngonyaka we-3. Lesi sitshalo sinikeza ukuqunjelwa entwasahlobo futhi sinamakha cishe kuze kube nguNovemba. Ngokuqala kwezimbali ezicijile okwenziwe yinsimbi, ikhiyus iyaguqulwa, iba yangempela futhi ayinakuthengiswa.
I-Tropie charm
Izimbali ziqala ngokubonakala ngaphezulu kwama-tubules, ambozwe ngezikali ezibushelelezi. Kwakhiwa inqwaba yamaphalishi lapho, iqoqwe ngoqhekeko, ubukhulu bawo bube amasentimitha ayi-5. Ubude be-petals buyahlukahluka kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-10 cm (ngokuya ngezinhlobo).
Imbali ngayinye inika izithelo eziluhlaza obumnyama nobude obungaba ngu-3 cm nobubanzi obuyi-1.5 kuya ku-5 cm. Ngaphakathi aqukethe imbewu encane eyindilinga.
IGymnocalycium iqhakazile
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-hymnocalicium
Emvelweni, kunezinhlobonhlobo zalezi zitshalo, zonke zihlukile kanye nezimbali zazo zoqobo zezimbali. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zikuvumela ukuthi ungadidanisi i-cactus hymnocalicium nanoma yiliphi elinye ilungu lomndeni:
- Izimpande zezinhlobo eziningi zinama-fibrous, kepha ziyafana nama-bulbs;
- isiqu siyifomu eliyindilinga noma le-ploskosharovidny elinobuso obushelelezi;
- ameva aqoqwa ngamaqembu futhi atholakala ekhephini ngeziqhingi, ngaphandle afana nesicabucabu, asakazekela ezibhekeni;
- Izimbali zakhiwa esiqongweni sesitshalo futhi zingama-scaly tubules.
Uma ibhola le-cactus livela endlini, ukunquma ngokushesha ukuthi hlobo luni ngeke kube lula kuze kube ukuqhuma kwesitshalo. Bavele babheke ukwakheka kwembali, umbala wayo, kwesinye isikhathi babala inani lamahlumela.
Izinhlobo ze-cactus gymnocalycium
| Igama | Incazelo |
| Gimnokalitsium Mikhanovich | Ku-mihanovichii yokuzivocavoca, isiqu esilingana ngombala siphuzi sithambile, okwenza lesi sitshalo sifinyelele kubude obungama-5 cm. Isimo esiyingqayizivele sezimbambo sibonisa uhlobo lwezinhlobo (kukhona 8-10 zazo): · Unqenqemeni luchachambile; · Kulesi sigaba kunxantathu; Emaphethelweni kukhona inani le-areoles, okuvela kulo ukugeleza okuqondile okugqamile. Ku-areola ngayinye, kunezigxobo ezi-5 ezingwevu ezicijile zibheke kusiqu. Phakathi kwameva phezulu kwebhola, lesi sitshalo siphonsa izimbali ezinhle eziluhlaza okotshani. Kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezinamanye ama-shades: omhlophe, opinki omsulwa kanye ophuzi. |
| Gymnocalycium Reductum | I-cactus enkulu ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-humpback ngenxa yesimo sayo esiphakeme. Izitshalo ezisencane - amabhola agqinsiwe aluhlaza grey aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ebudaleni, i-cactus iyakwazi ukufinyelela ukuphakama okungu-0.5 m. Khipha ameva amade aqondile, aqine avela ku-areoles. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kuhlotshiswe ngama-ayisikhilimu amahle. |
| I-Baldianum Gymnocalicium | I-Gymnocalycium baldianum ibukeka njengebhola elicwengekile ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, ifinyelela kububanzi obungamasentimitha angama-7-9. Yakhiwa ngezimbambo ezi-9-11, ngokusobala okucacile kokutholwa kweshubhu ngeminyaka. Izindawo eziqukethe kuphela imisebe e-radial (i-5-7 ngayinye) yemithunzi ehlukahlukene: kusuka kumpunga nge-rose rose epinki kuya ku-ashen. E-Bald Gimnocalycium, izimbali eziningi ezifika ku-5 cm ubukhulu zingaba mhlophe, o-orenji, zipinki, kepha ubomvu obumnyama buvame kakhulu. Avele esemncane. |
| Horst Gymnocalycium | Izinqubo ezincane kwesinye isikhathi zingavela esiqwini esiyindilinga esino ububanzi be-10 cm. I-cactus ngokwayo ihlukaniswe izimbambo eziyisihlanu ezihlangene. Ingxenye ngayinye iqukethe ama-arene ayisiyingi angama-3-4 aqukethe imisebe engu-5 esetshenzisiwe yaphakanyiswa ngaphezu komzimba wesitshalo. Ukusuka kuma-are young asemancane akhula isikhathi eside (kufika ku-11 cm) izimbali ezipinki noma ezimhlophe ezenziwe ngeso lokhozi. |
| I-Bruchii yokuzivocavoca | UBruch ubonakala ngokuhlanganiswa kwesiqu sesiqu. Izinqubo ezincane eziningi zivela kukholamu eyindilinga engu-6 cm ukuphakama no-5 cm ububanzi. Imisipha yamuva ithambile, ilula. Kwabanye abantu, inalithi eqondile eyiyo kwesinye isikhathi iyakhula. Izimbali ezimnyama eziphinki ezinama-anthers aphuzi ziyaqhakaza kwinqubo ngayinye. |
| I-Quehlianum yokuzivocavoca | I-Kwel cactus iboniswa ngombala oluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onobubanzi obungaba yi-10 cm. Uqukethe izimbambo eziyi-10 eziyindilinga ezibunjiwe, ucindezelwe ngokuqinile komunye nomunye. Azikho izikhala eziphakathi nendawo, i-radial, uphondo lwendlovu, eziqoqwe ezansi emaphethelweni obomvu. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinama-spine amhlophe, aphuzi, abomvu ansundu. Iqhakaza ngama-buds amahle amakhulu amabili amabili. I-pharynx ebomvu yentyatyambo ihlotshaniswa namacembe amhlophe agobile. |
| UFrederick Gymnocalycium | I-Cactus friedrichii gymnocalycium ingumphumela wokukhethwa kweJapan. Isici esiyinhloko sezinhlobo ukungabikho kwe-chlorophyll ezicutshini. Ngakho-ke, isiqu sopendiwe ngemithunzi ehlukahlukene efudumele (ophuzi, owolintshi, obomvu, o-burgundy), kodwa hhayi oluhlaza. Ama-Buds anikeza i-lilac noma i-pink. Ekhefini lomhlanga eliyindilinga, kukhula imisinga emincanyana emfushane emdaka. I-hybrid, njengesitshalo esizimele, ayithatheli izimpande - ikhokhonathi idinga ukugonywa. |
| Amerhauseri gymnocalycium | Ibhola elinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-6,6 lithambile futhi lifinyelela nje ukuphakama okungamasentimitha ayi-2,5. I-genermis eblue ecwebezelayo yesiqu isiphonsa umbala ompunga noma ompunga. Isiqu siqoqiwe kusuka ku-8 izimbambo eziyizimbotshana, ezingabonakali. Ama-Oval areoles ambozwe izinwele ezinombala ophuzi akhiwa phezu kwazo, ezikhula ziyimpandla ngobudala. Imisebe emisebe kancane egobile engu-6-12 mm ubude itholakala ngenkanyezi. Banombala ophindwe kabili: ezansi - obomvu obumnyama, phezulu - okumhlophe. Kubantu abadala, kukhona nomgogodla ophakathi nendawo, okhuphuka kakhulu ngaphezu kwe-radial. Ubude bawo buyi-1,2-1,5 cm. Lesi sitshalo sijabulisa iso ngezimbali ezincane ezimise okomhloshana kusuka kokumhlophe kokhilimu kuya ku-pink. Isikali esiluhlaza senziwe umngcele wepinki okhanyayo. I-neckline shades ibomvu. |
| I-Cardenasianum yokuzivocavoca | Ibizwa nangokuthi yizi-spherical-columnar. Ngaphandle, kufana nekholamu eyindilinga engu-20 cm ukuphakama.I-pubescent enamabala amaningi amade, amaningi awo athambekele kuso isiqu. Ngaphezulu kwekhanda, izimbali eziphansi (ezifika ku-5 cm) eziphakemeyo zifiphala ngaphandle kwameva. |
| I-Gymnocalycium denudatum | Kwi-hymnocalycium, isiqu esimnyama esicwebezelayo simnyama sithambile. Isikhala esenziwe ngendlela engajwayelekile siqukethe imiphetho eyindilinga. Inani labo lisukela ku-5 kuye ku-8. Ububanzi obujwayelekile be-cactus uqobo buyi-10 cm. Ku "spider" radial ka-5-8 paws-ameva anobude obungaphezulu kuka-10 mm. Anombala onsundu, onsundu ngombala futhi acindezelwe ngokuqinile ku-cactus. Blooms in ezinkulu ezimhlophe noma ukukhanya pink efihlekile. |
UCactus Mikhanovich
I-Gymnocalycium ebizwa ngokuthi ukuxuba yiqembu lonke le-cacti, elihlukaniswa ngosayizi wabo omncane. Ziyahluka ngesimo, umbala wesiqu nezimbali. Ukusuka ku-cacti enjalo, ungakha izingoma ezingejwayelekile, ezikhula embizeni eyodwa.
Okwakhiwa amaJapan
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ama-sporesical exotic asuka kalula, akhule ngokushesha futhi aqhakaze ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kokuzithoba ezimweni ezikhulayo, kuyadingeka ukuthi unikeze kahle ukunakekelwa okuxubile ekhaya nge-hymnocalycium. Ukulandela imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo kuphela okuzovumela i-cacti ukuthi ikhule kahle.
Ukugcotshwa kwenhlabathi nokuphezulu
Izitshalo ezishisayo zidinga inhlabathi eqinile, ephansi. Ukuze ungenzi amaphutha ngokulungiswa kwe-substrate, kunconywa ukuthenga umxube owenziwe ngomumo owenzelwe ngokukhethekile i-cacti.
Kubalulekile! Inhlabathi egcwele nge-limestone izonciphisa kakhulu ukukhula kwe-cactus.
Okufanayo kusebenza ekugqokeni okuphezulu. Ezitolo zezimbali kuhlale kukhona omanyolo abalungele kakhulu i-hymnocalycium. Udinga ukuzisebenzisa ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, ulethe ngaphansi kwesitshalo isikhathi 1 emavikini angama-2-3.
Ukukhanya nokushisa
Cacti thanda "ukubhukuda" elangeni. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukunikeza ukukhanyisa okuhle unyaka wonke (ngisho nasebusika). Kepha ehlobo elishisayo, iwindi lisazofakwa umthunzi, ukuvikela lesi sitshalo emisebeni eqondile.
Ama-Gymnocaliciums awathandi ukushisa - i-cacti idinga izinga lokushisa eliphakathi. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, kubalulekile ukuligcina ipharamitha ngaphakathi kuka + 15-18 ° С. Yize lesi sitshalo sizwa kahle ngama- + 5-10 degrees.
Umswakama nokunisela
Iqabula i-cacti kumswakama ophansi. Ngakho-ke, azidingi ukunisela okufafaza. Ukuchelela nakho kwenziwa kancane, ukuzama ukungagcwali inhlabathi.
Ngenqubo, kusetshenziswa amanzi afudumele, axazululiwe (mhlawumbe athambile). Kusukela ekwindla, ukuchelela kancane kancane kuncishiswa futhi akuvamile ukwenziwa ebusika, ngenani elincane le-ketshezi.
Ukufakelwa
Transshipment yezitshalo ezincane yenziwa minyaka yonke ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Lokhu kuvusa i-cactus yokuthuthuka okusebenzayo. Kulokhu, ibhodwe elisha kufanele likhulu kancane kunelangaphambili.
Dlulisela esitsheni esisha
Nakani! Imbali endala ayidingi ukufakelwa njalo, yenziwa njengokufuneka, lapho izimpande ziqala ukuphuma phezu kwesixaka sobumba.
Isizathu sesibili lapho kudingeka ukuthi ukufakelwa okungakahlelwanga ukubola kwezimpande, kucasulwe ukufakwa kwenhlabathi enamanzi. Uma isitshalo sesidilikile, kufanele sisuswe ebhodweni, hlamba izimpande bese ususa izindawo ezibolile. Ngemuva kokumiswa, i-cactus ibekwa ku-substrate entsha yokuthi ibambe kahle.
Izinketho zokuzalela
Akunzima ukuzalanisa i-hymnocalicium ekhaya. Indlela yokuzala incike ezinhlobonhlobo ze-cactus.
I-Scions
Ezinye izinhlobo zinikeza izingane. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ahlukaniswa nesitshalo somama, ngokumane aguqule izingqimba ezizungeze i-axis. Qhubeka nokulandela i-algorithm enjalo:
- ingane igcinwa etafuleni izinsuku eziningana ukuze ukusikwa komile;
- ukuthatha imbiza encane (noma inkomishi yepulasitiki) enesendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi kanye noxhaxha lwamatshe, ukuleleka kumane kubekwe ngaphezulu komhlaba;
- inhlabathi ezungeze ingane inyanyisiwe.
Ukunakekela ukubekeka okwandisiwe kufanele kufane nesitshalo esidala.
Cactus nezingane
Nakani! Uma ungahlelanga ukusabalalisa i-cactus ngale ndlela, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwesitshalo, izingane zisazodingeka zisuswe esiqwini sikamama bese zihlala ezitsheni ezihlukile.
Imbewu
Kulezo zinhlobo ezinganikezeli ukwahlukanisa, ukuphela kwendlela yokukhiqiza inzalo. Yize abatshali bezimbali bakhetha le ndlela ye-cacti nezingane. Kulokhu, izitshalo ezincane zinempilo futhi ziqinile.
Lapho ukhiqiza kabusha unamathela ezincomeni ezinjengalezi:
- ingxube yenhlabathi ithathwa njengesijwayelekile nge-cacti, kepha ingxenyana encane;
- imbewu ibulawa ngaphambi kwe-magciwane ngomphunga noma ibhunyelwe kuhhavini;
- kuhlwanyelwe ezitsheni ezincane, hhayi ukungcwatshwa emhlabathini;
- qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi ihlala inomswakama (kunconywa ukumboza isitsha ngefilimu);
- wanisela epanini noma inhlabathi efafazwe ngesibhamu sokufafaza;
- Ukushisa kwendlu + 20 ° С futhi kunikeze ukukhanya okuhle
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Ungahlwanyela i-cacti nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izithombo zizovela ngokushesha bese ziqala ukukhula. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-12, zingatshalwa ezimbizeni ezingapheli.
