Izindlela ezizwakalayo zokukhulisa i-ampelous begonia-cuttings kanye nembewu. Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo

I-Ampelnaya begonia - isitshalo esihle kakhulu futhi esiqhakazile. Kubonakala kumangalisa ngokulenga izimbiza noma izimbiza emlenzeni omkhulu, ukuheha cishe cishe noma yimuphi umuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa kwe-ampelous begonia akudingi amakhono akhethekile. Futhi ngisho nomlimi we-amateur we-novice uhloselwe ukukhiqizwa kwalesi simbali ngezindlela ezilula, okuzoxoxwa ngazo kulesi sihloko.

I-Amppella begonia uhlobo oluthile lwe-begonia e-tuberous elinamandla amakhulu okulenga amamitha angaba ngu-30-40 cm ubude futhi enezimbali ezimbili nezimibili ezinemibala ehlukahlukene (ezimhlophe, eziphuzi, ezibomvu, pink, orange, njll); imibala ehlukahlukene (i-green saturated, i-emerald eluhlaza, i-brownish ne-veins eluhlaza).

Yiziphi izindlela zokuzalanisa?

I-Ampel yaseBetonia igxila ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

1. Imbewu.
2. Leaf.
3. Cuttings.
4. Izilimo eziyizigaxa.
5. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla.

Ungathola ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nezindlela zokuzalisa ze-tuberous begonia ne ukunakekelwa kwayo lapha.

Ukukhiqizwa ekhaya

Ekhaya Indlela eyamukelekayo kakhulu yokuzalisa i-ampelous begonia ihlanganiswa (indlela ye-vegetative): le ndlela ilula (ngisho nabaqalayo ku-floriculture), okusheshayo (izimbali zokuqala zizoqhakaza ngo-Agasti), ngenkathi zisika, zonke izibonakaliso zesitshalo somama (umbala, umbala weqabunga, ubujamo nobukhulu bembali, njll) zigcinwa .

Ukukhula kusuka ku-cuttings

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-ampelous begonia ngokusika kungenziwa unyaka wonke, kodwa ukuvuthwa kuyoba khona ngokushesha nangempumelelo entwasahlobo.

• Ukulungiselela ama-cuttings.
  1. Khetha inempilo, enamandla, ngaphandle komonakalo obonakalayo, ubude obungapheli-ubude be-shoot 8-12 cm.
  2. Ihlumela liyadliwa kusukela ehlathini lika-ampelous begonia ngaphansi kwe-noode ngekisi elibukhali noma ummese. I-cut is made slightly obliquely.
  3. Susa wonke amaqabunga aphansi esithasiselo. Kumele kube okungenani izinso ezimbili -3.
  4. Kunconywa ukuthi umise petiole amahora amaningana.
• Ukuqothula.

  Umsuka u-begonia u-begonia ngezindlela ezimbili: emanzini noma emhlabathini.

  1. Ukucubungula emanzini kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe eklasini encane noma epulasitiki, mhlawumbe ingilazi emnyama noma ipulasitiki. Izinga lamanzi (ungasebenzisa ukuhlukaniswa okwejwayelekile noma elithwalwe) ethanini kufanele kube njalo ukuthi ingxenye engezansi ye-cuttings iphakathi kwamanzi kanti konke okuphezu kwamanzi.

     Lesi simo sichazwa ukuthi ukubonakala kwezimpande kudinga umoya-mpilo. Njengomthetho, uhlelo lwempande lusekwe esibambini nje emngceleni wamanzi nomoya kuleli tangi. Akunconywa ukucwilisa ihlumela emanzini ukuze ithiphu layo ithinte phansi kwesidlo: lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ibole. Amanzi esitsheni nawo akufanele ashintshwe, kodwa aphephe kuphela njengoba eqhuma. Kanti futhi ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukwengeza amaphilisi e-carbon okhiqizwayo ukuze kutholakale amanzi okugcoba nokufaka imithi "Kornevin".

     Inani eliphakeme lamahlumela angabekwa kwisitsha esisodwa singu-1-2: ama-cuttings aphindwa kaningi emasimini amakhulu. Isitsha esinesibambo sifakwa endaweni efudumele, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile. Ungakwazi ukumboza konke ngesikhwama seplastiki ukuze uthole izimo zokushisa. Emva kokuvela kwezimpande ubude buka-0.7 - 1.5 cm ubude, isitshalo singatshalwa emhlabathini.

  2. I-Begonia igxilile kangcono emhlabathini. Kule njongo, inhlabathi evundile futhi enomsoco isetshenziselwa: ingaba nomhlabathi owathengwa esitolo noma ixutshwe ngezandla zomuntu (i-peat ne-sand coarse in isilinganiso se-1: 1).

     Kungcono ukusebenzisa isitsha esincane esibonakalayo njengesitsha sokubuthwa kwe-rooting: kulula ukubona ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande. Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izindebe ezivamile zepulasitiki ngalezi zinhloso, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukwenza izimbobo zokugeleza kuzo.

     Uma kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-cuttings, ukuvuthwa kwe-rooting kwenziwa emabhokisini akhethekile noma iziqukathi zokudla zasePlastiki ezibonakalayo: amahlumela ahlangene kulezi zinhlaka, okusiza kakhulu ukugcinwa. I-cut and petiole eyomile ifakwe emanzini yi-tip, bese-ke "ku-Kornevin".

     Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinga elingama-degrees angu-45, ihlumela ingcwatshwe ngo-2-3 cm enhlabathini enomswakama. Ukuvuthwa kuyoba nempumelelo enkulu uma ibhodlela lifakwa ngaphezulu ngekhanda noma iplastiki. Ngokufika kwezimpande zokuqala, "ukushisa okushisa" kungasuswa.

     Qaphela! Uma uhlanganisa isitsha ngesibambo sephakeji noma ezinye izindlela ezilungisiwe, kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa mayelana nokushayela!

     Ezimweni zokubamba ukushisa, ukondla ngokweqile kungabangela ukubola kwama-cuttings. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kuyadingeka ukususa ifilimu kanye ngosuku ngosuku lwesigamu sehora ngosuku lokushisa okupholile, futhi ekushiseni okuphezulu - izikhathi ezintathu imizuzu engu-10 kuya kwangu-15.

     Izimo ezifanele zokuthuthukiswa kwamahlumela zilandelayo: izinga lokushisa + 20 ° C - + 28 ° C, ukuchelela okulinganiselayo, ukukhanya kwelanga okungafani, ukuchithwa okuvamile.

• Ukutshala emhlabathini.
  1. Ngemuva kokuthi uhlelo lwempande lwakhiwe ku-cuttings, kudingeka lufakwe emabhokisini ngamanye. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubalulekile ukulungisa isitsha kusengaphambili, ugcwalise isendlalelo sayo esingaphansi ngobumba obwandisiwe, bese-nge-substrate esitolo noma nge-peat nesihlabathi.
  2. Njengoba wenze umfutho emhlabathini ngesandla, faka isithombo ebhodweni, uqondise ngobumnene izimpande zawo, uma ukuvuthwa kwemvula kwakwenziwa ngaphambili emanzini.

     Indlela engcono kakhulu yokutshala izithombo ezincane zokugwedla emhlabathini yindlela yokuguqulwa kwesitshalo: isitshalo livela ethandini futhi, ngaphandle kokugubha umquba womhlaba, kufakwa ebhodweni elisha.

  3. Ingqimba ephezulu yenhlabathi esiteshini ichotshozwe ngezandla, lesi sitshalo sinisela futhi sibeke endaweni yaso. Embizeni enobubanzi obuyi-12 cm, kutuswa ukuba utshale ama-petioles angu-5 kuya ku-6 ukuze isihlahla se-ampelous begonia siqine futhi sihle.

Sikunikeza ividiyo ekulungiseleleni kwe-cuttings kanye nokukhula kwe-rooting:

Isifundo sevidiyo esilandelayo simayelana nokutshala isitshalo esincane saseBeneonia:

Indlela yokukhula kusuka enzalweni?

Indlela yokuzalanisa i-ampelous begonia ne imbewu ayithandwa njengama-grafting. Lokhu kuchazwa ukuthi isitshalo esisha omdala esivela enzalweni ngeke siphume ngokushesha.

1. Kule ndlela yokukhiqiza, kufanele uqoqe kuqala imbewu. Emva kokuvuthwa kwemifino ye-begonia (yemvelo noma yokufakelwa), isitshalo ekwindla sakha isithelo ngendlela yebhokisi (isikhwama sembali) equkethe imbewu.
2. Bayizikhulu kakhulu ngobukhulu, ukuze kubonakale kangcono, zixubene nesihlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala.
3. Ekupheleni kukaDisemba - ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari, isitsha sigcwele inhlabathi (ingxenye eyodwa yomhlabathi wephepha: 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi: izingxenye ezimbili ze-humus), imbewu ihlwanyelwa endaweni yayo enamanzi, engangcwatshwa.
4. Okulandelayo, ibhokisi ligcwele ingilazi noma ukugubungulwa kwepulasitiki, kungakhohlwa ukuphulukiswa kwansuku zonke kwezitshalo. Ngemuva kokuba amahlumela avele futhi aqina, ingubo ingasuswa.
5. Uma izithombo zakha amaqabunga amabili no-3, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukhetho, ukusabalalisa u-2 - 3 cm eceleni.
6. Ngemva kwenyanga noma ezimbili, ukukhishwa kwesibili kwenziwa: ibanga eliphakathi kwezithombo kufanele libe ngu-5-6 cm.
7. Futhi ngoMeyi kuphela, amahlumela amancane atshalwe ngamabhodwe ngamanye.

Ukunakekela izitshalo ezincane

1. Kunconywa ukuthi zikhule izimpande ze-ampelous begonia zifakwa ezimbizeni ezizimele endaweni ekhanyayo, kodwa ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile emaqabunga. Inketho ekahle yenyakatho, enyakatho-ntshonalanga, amafasitela aseNyakatho-mpumalanga. Isitshalo esincane siphuziswa kaningi, kodwa kancane kancane.
2. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungavumeli umswakama ngokweqile ku-substrate, ngaphandle kwalokho i-begonia izofa ngokubola.
3. Njengoba izitshalo zikhula, kuzonikezwa ukusekelwa okukhethekile ukusekela. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyenziwa ngamakhomikhali anamaminerali ahlukene, athengwa ezitolo zezimbali, kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla izikhathi ezingu-1 ngenyanga.
4. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-ampelous begonia, isitsha sidluliselwa endaweni ekhanyayo (+ 24С - + 28С), ngokuhlelekile isendlalelo esingaphansi kwenhlabathi ihlanjululwa kusuka esitsheni se-spray ngamanzi afudumele.
5. Phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika, kuyadingeka ukwengeza izithombo nge phytolamps (funda kabanzi mayelana nokunakekela begonia begerous ebusika lapha).
6. Emasontweni amabili emva kokukhethwa kokuqala, izitshalo zingadliwa masonto onke ngesisombululo esingahlanjululwa kahle semanyolo yezimbiwa.

Ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe mayelana nokunakekelwa kwe-begonia yaseTabonia nasekhaya nasensimini kungatholakala encwadini ehlukile.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

• Rot, ama-powdery, njll. - izifo ezithathelwanayo ze-ampelous begonia.

  Ukuze kuvinjelwe lesi simo, kunconywa ukuba usilondoloze imithi emhlabathini, ibhodlela lapho kuzotshalwa khona noma imbewu ezohlwanyelwa (ukwelashwa kwe-fungicide, ukwelashwa kokushisa). Uzothola incazelo yezifo ze-tuberous begonia ezivimbela isitshalo ekuqhakazeni, kanye nokulawula nokuvimbela izinyathelo ezihlokweni ezihlukile.

• Ukushintshanisa ama-cuttings. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokunisela nokuphuza ngokweqile. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuhambela kwansuku zonke "zokugcina izithombo zokugcina", lapho kukhula khona imifino.
• Imbewu ayihlwanyeli. Lokhu kungenzeka uma inzalo ingcono kakhulu noma ihlala isikhathi eside. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuhluma kwembewu ye-ampelous begonia ilahlekile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke kuphakanyiswa ukuhlwanyela leyo mbewu eqoqwe ngosuku olwedlule ekwindla ebusika. Futhi, yiqiniso, hlola impilo yesheluli yembewu ethengwe esitolo.

Ukusabalalisa nge-cuttings kanye nembewu yizindlela ezimbili ezithandwa kakhulu zokuzalisa i-ampelous begonia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akudingi izimali ezikhethekile zemali. Izimo eziyinhloko zokuphumelela kulokhu - isifiso somlimi, ukudala izimo ezikhululekile nokunakekelwa kahle kwesitshalo esincane.