Yisiphi izwe esidingekayo i-begonias, lapho ungayithola khona, indlela yokulungisa inhlabathi ngokwakho?

Isimo esibalulekile sokutshala okuphumelelayo kwanoma yikuphi izitshalo zasendlini ukukhetha okulungile kwenhlabathi lapho kuzokhula khona futhi kuthuthuke.

Ungalungisa ingxube yebumba ukuze uqale, noma ungathenga isakhiwo esikhethekile esenziwe ngomumo esitolo.

Yini okufanele icatshangelwe uma ukhetha izingxenye zenhlanganisela? Indlela yokupheka? Ingabe kufanelekile ukuthenga umkhiqizo oqedile noma kungcono ukuzipheka?

Yiziphi izinkampani okufanele zizinake? Le mibuzo neminye uzothola impendulo kulesi sihloko ngokukhethwa kwenhlabathi ye-begonias.

Kubaluleke kangakanani?

Ingxube yomhlaba yindawo yokuzalanisa isimiso sezimpande zesitshalo.Ngakho-ke, kufanele iwanelise zonke izidingo zayo ezincane. Imbali ngayinye idinga ukubunjwa kwayo kwenhlabathi, kuye ngokuthi izici zokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwayo. Kuphela enhlabathini efanelekayo equkethe zonke izinto ezizuzisayo, ukwakheka okunempilo kwezimpande eziqinile ezondla yonke isitshalo kungenzeka. Uma ukhetha inhlabathi, kubalulekile ukuba unake izinkomba ze-acidity, uzihlanganise nezinombolo ezidingekayo zeBeonia.

Ukupheka kokupheka umhlaba kuhlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-begonia: kuze kube phakade, izimbali ezibukhosini, ezibukhosini, nezimpande, zilungiswa ngokufaka ngqo lezo zimakhemikhali ezidinga uhlobo oluthile. Isibonelo, ezinye izinto zibangela ukuqhuma okusebenzayo kanye nezimbali ezide isikhathi eside, kanti ezinye zivusa ukukhula kobukhulu obuhlaza obuhlaza.

Uma ukhetha inhlabathi engafanele, ungaphazamisa yonke inqubo yokuthuthukisa imbali enempilo futhi uhlaziye kakhulu izimfanelo zokuhlobisa zesitshalo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, inhlabathi eyenzelwe izinhlobonhlobo zezimbali ngeke ihambisane ne-begonias yamaqabunga ehlobisa.

Yisiphi izwe esidingekayo?

I-Begonia inesimiso sezinto ezibuthakathaka., okuyinto ezwela ukuthungwa ngokweqile kwenhlabathi. Lesi sitshalo sizwa sikhululekile emhlabathini ovulekile ocebile izakhi. Inhlabathi kumele ibe yomoya kanye namanzi abekeleleke. I-pH enhle isukela ku-6.1 kuya ku-7.5.

Uma ukuzihlanganisa ngokwakho i-substrate kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi emagatsheni amaqabunga akufanele abe ama-tannins, afakwe emaqabunga e-Willow kanye nama-oak. Inhlabathi enobumba obuningi ayifanele ukukhula kwe-begonias.

Qinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa amanzi, okufakwa ngaphansi kwebhodlela ngaphambi kokubeka ungqimba lomhlabathi.

Ukwakhiwa okulungile

Abalimi abanolwazi bavame ukulungiselela umhlaba wabo., ucabangela zonke izidingo ze-begonias. Naphezu kokuthi izipheka zokulungiselela inhlabathi ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zihlukile, cishe zonke izinhlu zezithako ziqukethe inhlabathi eluhlaza kanye ne-humus ne-peat.

Izithasiselo ezikhethekile, njenge-perlite, i-vermiculite nesihlabathi somfula sizosiza ukwenza inhlabathi ivuleke. Inhlabathi iba yomswakama futhi inomoya ophefumulayo wengezela sphagnum moss kanye ne-coconut fiber. Lawula izinga le-asidi ngokungeza ama-humus, peat kanye ne-lime.

Ukuze ukuhluma kwe-begonia nezilimo eziyizigaxa, inhlabathi ilungiswe izingxenye ezilinganayo ze-sphagnum moss, iqabunga lomhlaba ne-perlite. Ukucubungula ama-cuttings wesitshalo ngesikhathi sokusika, baxuba isihlabathi somfula kanye ne-peat echotshoziwe. I-Royal Begonia iqala kahle ekuxubeni komhlabaehlanganisa ingxenye eyodwa yezwe le-turf, izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba ohlaza, izingxenye ezimbili ze-peat kanye nenani elifanayo le-humus.

Ukulima kwe-begerous begonia ukulungisa i-substrate yezingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba oqabile, isihlabathi somfula kanye nenye ingxenye ye-turf land. I-Evergreen i-begonia iqala kahle e-peat, emasimini enhlabathi, e-humus nasemfuleni we-river ehlangene nesilinganiso esingu-1: 2: 1: 1.

Izinketho ezitolo

Ukuthenga inhlabathi kwenza kube lula, ngoba akudingeki usebenzise umzamo omkhulu ekutholeni izinto zokuzilungiselela.

Ngokuyinhloko i-substrate yesitolo iqukethe i-peat ephansi ehlanganiswe nezithasiselo zamaminerali. Le nhlabathi ifanele ukutshala izitshalo eziningi, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kubonisa ukwanda kwenani lokunisela, ngoba umswakama uphuphuka kusuka obala omsulwa ngokushesha.

Zonke izakhi zilula futhi ngokushesha zihlanzwa ngaphansi kwe-substrate, ngakho-ke i-begonia ekhula emhlabathini owathengi idinga ukugqoka njalo.

Kulula ukukhetha i-substrate efanelekile esitolo: kuphakheji ezincwadini ezinkulu kuyoboniswa ukuthi ifanelekile ukuba i-begonias.

• Ama-substrates adumile avela enkampanini "IJardin of Miracles". Inhlabathi iqukethe i-peat ephezulu ehlanganiswe nomhlabathi wesihlabathi kanye ne-agroperlite. Ama-biohumus namaminerali amaminerali asetshenziswa njengezondlo zokudla okunomsoco. Ukupakisha ama-2.5 amalitha kuyodingeka ukhokhe ama-ruble angu-30.
• Qinisekile "Umhlaba Wezemvelo" ikhiqiza inhlabathi eyenziwe nge-peat ephakeme nephansi, isikhokhi, ufulawa wama dolomite, isihlabathi kanye ne-vermiculite.
• Inkampani "Hlonipha" uthengisa ama-substrates for begonias nge umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi okuthiwa "Sapropel", equkethe peat, sawdust, umfula sand kanye izithasiselo ezivela emvelweni.
• Umhlaba okhiqizwa yinkampani "Vermion"eyenziwe nge-peat, i-gravel ne-biohumus. Iphakethe elilodwa eliqukethe ama-2 amalitha omhlaba libiza cishe ama-ruble angu-27.

Izinzuzo nezinsalela zenhlabathi eyenziwe ngokwakho

Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi ekhaya akulula kakhulu, ikakhulu uma kunehlathi noma insimu esiseduze. Inhlabathi ehlangene ngokuzimela inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo.

Izinzuzo:

• Ungalungisa inhlabathi, ihlangabezane ngokugcwele nezidingo ze-begonias;
• Ukuzilungiselela ukuzinikela kukuqinisekisa izinga lezinto ezisetshenziswayo;
• ithuba lokugcina isabelomali somndeni.

Izinkinga:

• inhlabathi evela ehlathini ingase iqukathe ukhula, izinambuzane, izibungu kanye nezifo ezenza ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo;
• ukuchitha isikhathi ukuqoqa izingxenye.

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo yokwenza ingxube ekhaya

Okokuqala udinga ukuqoqa zonke izingxenye zomxube wezwe ozayo.

1. Imifucumfucu ithathwa emahlathini, amapaki noma ngaphansi komuthi okhulayo, ukunaka izihlahla ezihlukahlukene (ukugwema ama-willows nama-oki). Ukuze kuvunwe inhlabathi, indawo ekhanyisiwe ngaphansi kwesihlahla ikhethiwe, okuvela kuwo lapho ungqimba oluphezulu lwamagqabi awela emagqeni asedlule.
2. Ingqimba evulekile yomhlaba ihlangene kwisitsha.
3. Indawo yaseSodoma ithathwe emadlelweni nasezigodini, ezikude kakhulu ezivela ezimbonini. Lolu hlobo lomhlaba lubizwa ngokuthi "imvukuzane", ngakho-ke inketho ekahle ukuvuna inhlabathi ngokuqondile ku-hillock we-burrow yesilwane. Uma umgodi wemvukuzane engatholakalanga, umhlabathi uqoqwe endaweni ekhanyisiwe, eningi utshani obuncane, ususa ungqimba lwe-sod ngamasentimitha ayishumi nanhlanu.
4. I-compost noma i-humus ithathelwe indawo enomsoco ensimini noma ilungiselelwe yodwa, igcina ingqondo ukuthi i-humus yenza inhlabathi ibe nzima futhi iqukethe izakhi eziningi zemithi.
   Kubalulekile! Umhlaba oqoqwe kumele udluliselwe ngesihlungo ukuze ususe izingcezu ezinkulu nezinambuzane.
5. Uma konke kuqoqwe, qhubeka uxuba, ulinganisa inani elilinganayo lento ngayinye.
6. Ingxube yomhlabathi ephumela ngokugcwele ixutshwe kahle esitsheni esikhulu.

Ukulungiswa komhlaba ukutshala imbali yangaphakathi

Ukuqoqwa ehlathini, emasimini noma emasimini kumele kuhlanjululwe.ukuqeda amabhaktheriya we-pathogenic nokubulala izinambuzane eziphilayo eziboshwe enhlabathini. Kanye nomhlaba ungathatha nawe izibungu, amabhungane nezinye izinambuzane ezizoqala ukugoma ohlelweni lwempande. Inhlanganisela yenhlabathi elungiselelwe ethengwe esitolo nayo iphonyiswa ukuba ikhutshazwe i-disinfected ukuze iwuqede ngokuphelele umhlaba. Kunezindlela eziningana zokungasebenzi nge-disinfection:

• Ukugoba kuhhavini ekushiseni kwama-degrees ayikhulu. Inhlabathi isakazwa ebhodini lokubhaka ngezingqimba zamamitha amahlanu, i-ovini ishushu, emva kwalokho ibhasi lokubhaka libekwa imizuzu engamashumi amathathu.
• Ukuqhwaza efrijini. Inhlabathi iboshwe esikhwameni sezindwangu futhi ifakwe esiqandisini izinsuku ezinhlanu, emva kwalokho ibuyiselwa endaweni efudumele isonto. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze "uvuke" amaqanda ama-parasites. Ukushisa okubandayo kuphindaphindiwe ngokubeka phansi esiqandisini.
• Ukufudumala kwi-microwave.
• Ukuchitha amanzi abilayo.
• Ukufudumala emanzini okugeza amanzi amahora owodwa nengxenye. Bafaka ibhakede lamanzi emlilweni, ngenhla lapho kubeka khona i-grate. Esigodini sibeka phansi, sihlanganise ngendwangu.

Inhlabathi engasetshenziswanga igciwane kumele ihlile.emva kwalokho ungakwazi ukuqala ngokuphepha usebenzisa umhlaba. Ukugeleza kumele kuthululwe phansi kwebhodlela ukuvimbela ukuqina kwamanzi okutshala kanye nokubola kwezimpande. Uhlaka lwe-substrate olulungiselelwe lubekwa phezu kwe-drainage, emva kwalokho baqala ukutshala begonias.

Uhlelo lwempande olubuthakathaka lwembali ludinga ukwelashwa ngokucophelela, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi okuyiyo isitshalo lapho kuyokhula khona futhi ijabulise ngezimbali noma amaqabunga okuhlobisa.