I-Basil-leaf Mylnianica isitshalo esidala i-herbaceous esinezimbali eziqhuma emndenini wakwa-Carnation. Kubhekiswa ku-saponaria (ngesiLatini nge-saponaria, kusuka ligama elithi "sapo" kusho insipho). Uma uthinta ngezandla zakho impande yesitsha sesepha yesitshalo noma enye ingxenye yayo, khona-ke ama-soapy amana azosala eminweni, lapho enyakaziswa ngamanzi, amafomu amagwebu. Le yi-saponin - into yokuthi ezimpandeni ze-safwort ezingaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-30, ingasebenza njengokungena esikhundleni sensipho.
Imbali ayikhumbuli, kulula ukuyinakekela, ebukeka ngokubukeka, ngakho-ke isetshenziselwa ukuklama imibhede engadini, ama-alpine slides nezinye izinto zokwakheka komhlaba. Mayelana nokuthi ungasitshala kanjani isitshalo, ungasinakekela kanjani, kuchazwe kulesi sihloko.
Izimbali ezilula, eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence acocekile, athokozisa iso embhedeni wezimbali
Incazelo emfushane, Imvelaphi
AmaSofworms ambalwa. Engadini, isidlo sensipho se-saponaria singabonakala emcamelweni othambile owamaqabunga nezimbali ezibomvana. Ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha angama-90, kepha ngenxa yezimpophoma ezinwabuzelayo kubonakala imangalisa, kungathi imboza umhlabathi “ngengubo” ethambile, elula. Iqhakaza kakhulu ngoMeyi, embozwe ngama-inflorescence axegayo wezimbali ezincane ezinamatshe amahlanu. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, iziqu zikhula kahle, ngakho-ke, eduze nehlobo ihlobo, ibhokisi lensipho lenziwa cishe ingxenye yesithathu, ukuze izimbobo zibukeke zilungile.
Kubukeka njengembali yesepha eduze
Ngawo wonke umsebenzi olula wesitshalo, imbali yesitsha sezinsipho inezinzuzo eziningi ezazisa abatshali bezimbali:
- cishe noma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhanya lumfanela - lukhula kahle emthunzini nak elangeni;
- isitshalo siyabekezelela ubusika; singabekezelela nesomiso;
- ikhula ngokushesha, inekuhluma kwembewu enhle;
- ukunganciphisi emhlabathini - esitshalweni sesitsha sesitsha kunalokho umhlabathi omanzi wanoma yiluphi uhlobo.
Emvelweni, kukhula emhlabathini onamadwala noma emahlathini aphayini. Indishi yensipho evela ezintabeni zase-Alps, izindawo zezintaba zaseSpain, nayo igcwele eziqhingini zaseSardinia naseCorsica. E-Russia, itholakala endle ezintabeni nasezintabeni zeCaucasus, yize ungayithola ngisho naseSiberia.
Kubukeka njengesitshalo esimweni semvelo
Kuyathakazelisa! Inhloso edume kakhulu yesitsha sensipho ukuhlobisa ingadi. Isizinda esihle esihle esinezimbali eziqhakaza ngokushesha sithatha utshani obunelanga nobunovulekile, sivumelane nokukhula emithambekeni edwala, ukuqhakaza emibhedeni yezimbali. Yaziwa nangokuthi isitshalo sokwelapha esinamavithamini kanye nezakhi eziwusizo ezisetshenziswa embonini yezimonyo. Izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zesitshalo zisetshenziselwa ukulungisa ama-infusions ekwelapheni izifo zesikhumba, izifo zesisu, njll.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo zeSaponaria
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-40 kwezinhlobo zohlobo lwe-saponaria, kodwa okuncane kakhulu okuhunyushwe ukuze kulinywe ukuhlobisa - cishe kweshumi nambili. Abahlakuleli basebenza ngokuzalanisa izinhlobo ezintsha zalesi sitshalo.
Kuyisiko ukwaba insimbi yokwelapha kanye nokuhlobisa. Isitsha sensipho samaqabunga e-basil sihlobisa. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kubukeka njengogwebu olupinki, kuqhakaza ndawonye, isikhathi eside. Ubuningi bezimbali ezincane ezintekenteke, lesi sidlo sensipho sibizwa nangokuthi "uthuli lwenyanga". Izinhlobonhlobo zesitsha sensipho se-basil-leaved zifaka, ngokwesibonelo, iCamilla saponaria - isitshalo esinezimbali eziningi eziphinki. Ngaphezu kwakhe, kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi ezithandwayo phakathi kwabalimi.
Okuvamile
Isitshalo se-Soapweed yisidalwa esivamile sangemuva esinamaqabunga ama-oval amancane nezimbali ezincane ezipinki noma ezibomvu. Isitshalo esihlukile asimukeli kakhulu, kepha sibukeka kakhulu ebhedini lezimbali.
Okumhlophe
Isitsha sensipho esimhlophe singenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu, ezinhle nezinqabile zezitshalo. UBetty Arnold uhlukile ngoba ukuphakama kwakhe kufinyelela kumitha eyodwa. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo sihlakazwa ngezimbali ezingavamile zombala omhlophe qhwa. Muhle kakhulu futhi uyihlobisa.
UTerry
Isitsha se-Terry insipho luhlobo lwesitsha se-basil-leaved, esibonakaliswa yi-terry imbali nosayizi wayo omncane. Abafuyi be-Terry saponaria bred, abatholakali endle.
I-Turfy
I-Mylnhynka turfy - isitshalo, esitholakala emvelweni ikakhulukazi ePyrenees, sikhula emthambekeni wamatshe futhi sibukeka sigqwala impela. Ukuphakama kwezihlahla akukho ngaphezu kwe-15 cm, izimbali zipinki, amaqabunga abukeka ngokugqamile.
I-Mylnyanka officinalis
I-Mylnyanka officinalis isitshalo esinde (kufika ku-90 cm), esingenakungabaza, sikhula yonke indawo enkabeni yeRussia. Inesiqu esinamagatsha embozwe ngamahlamvu. Izimbali zinamakha, zibukeka zihlaba umxhwele kakhulu kuma-inflorescence, umbala wazo upinki.
Ipinki
Izinhlobonhlobo zepinki azikho; kungokwesiko ukubiza isidlo sensipho epinki uhlobo lwesitsha sensipho se-Olivan. Lokhu ngumbusi ohlanganisiwe okwenziwa ngabazalisi bezitshalo ngokukhethekile kuma-Alpine slides. Lesi sitshalo sifushane, sinwabuzelayo, sinesigqoko sezimbali ezi pink ezikhanyayo zombala ogcwele.
Okunye
Ezinye izitshalo ezivela eqenjini lezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa zinemithunzi eminingi. Izitsha zensipho ezinemithunzi yezimbali eziphuzi ne-lilac zibukeka zihle kakhulu.
Kuyathakazelisa! Kukhona indishi yesepha emfishane, ekhuphuka ngaphezu komhlaba ngamasentimitha ambalwa. Kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezinamathelayo nabanye abaningi abanezimfanelo ezifanayo kuzo zonke izitsha zensipho.
Ukutshala imbewu
Ngokuyinhloko, isitshalo sitshalwa ezitshalweni. Uma uthengiswa uvame ukuthola isitsha sensipho "Ukuphefumula" noma isitsha sensipho "i-Olivana", kanti "Uthuli lwenyanga" nalo luyadingeka.
Umthamo wokufika kanye nenhlabathi
Kwezithombo, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ezitsheni noma kwamanye amabhokisi afakwe izimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Inhlabathi izohambisana namanzi alula, kodwa avumelekile. Lokhu kungaba umhlaba we-turf, onga kancono futhi ovundisiwe.
I-Mylnianka ibukeka kahle hhayi engadini kuphela, kodwa futhi njengengxenye yamalungiselelo ezimbali kuvulandi
Ukulungiselela imbewu nokutshala
Imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala ingamanzi ukusheshisa ukuhluma. Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba ngokuphelele, imbewu iphuma kahle, kwesinye isikhathi kudingeka nokuba ulwe nokuhlwanyelwa ngokwakho. Ngemuva kokutshala, umhlaba kufanele uniselwe, umbozwe nge-foil bese ulinda izithombo.
Ungazinakekela kanjani izithombo
Imbewu itshalwe emhlabathini, iniselwe futhi imbozwe ngefilimu noma ingilazi kuze kube amahlumela wokuqala. Ngokushesha lapho ihlumela likhala, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa, lapho kuvela iqabunga leqiniso lesibili, lingena ezitsheni ezihlukile. Ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, njengezinye izithombo, ziyakuthambisa, zikhiphe umgwaqo.
Isikhathi
Isikhathi sokuvela kwezithombo singamaviki ayi-2-3. Izithombo zitshalwe enhlabathini ngemuva kokuthi ingozi yokubuya kweqhwa isidlulile. Imvamisa lokhu kuba maphakathi noMeyi.
Ukufakelwa
I-Soapwort inezimpande ezinhle kakhulu ezisebenzayo, ngakho-ke ukutshala nokunakekela iSoapwort emhlabathini ovulekile kulula. Isigaxa somhlaba esinehlumela siphuma nje ebhodweni bese sihlala endaweni ehlala njalo ngezikhathi ezithile ezingama-25 cm phakathi kwezitshalo.
Izici ze Root
Impande yesitshalo iqukethe izinto ezibangela amagwebu lapho zithinteka ezandleni. Ingxenye engenhla nayo inempahla efanayo, kepha igquma ngokubi. Ngaphezu kwama-survivants, izimpande ziqukethe ezinye izinto, kufaka phakathi i-alkaloids. Ngakho-ke, lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa emithini ethile yendabuko njengento yokubulala izinzwa.
Indlela yokufaka esikhundleni
Ukukhula kusuka ezinhlafunweni zesitsha samaqabunga e-basil akuyona ukuphela kwendlela yokuzala. Kukhona okusikiwe. Ngaye, thatha ihlumela, unqume phezulu bese ushiya ukumpande esihlabathini esimanzi, usimboze ngembiza yengilazi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izimpande ezinamandla nazo zingahlukaniswa izingxenye ezingama-2-3 futhi ngaleyo ndlela zisakaze indishi yensipho. Lokhu kwenziwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali noma entwasahlobo.
Izici zokulungisa izingadi
Manje mayelana nokuthi ukutshala nokunakekelwa kwebhokisi lesipho kwenziwa kanjani.
Ukunisela
Isitsha sensipho njalo siphuziswa, kodwa hhayi kakhulu.
Umswakama
Ukuchitha nge-moisturize kungakhethwa. Ihlathi laseMynnica kuphela elidinga umswakama ophakeme, ezinye izinhlobo zibekezelela ihlobo elijwayelekile ngokujwayelekile.
Inhlabathi
Isitshalo asikubekezeleli ukufakwa ngokweqile kwenhlabathi, ngoba umhlaba kufanele ukhanye, ukhishwe. Uma kunamanzi asemhlabathini aseduze, khona-ke kungcono ukutshala izimbali embhedeni ophakeme.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Njengoba lesi sitshalo sisonke singenakungabaza, ngandlela thile akudingekile ikakhulukazi ukunakekela umanyolo. Kwanele ukufaka umanyolo we-phosphorus noma isidlo sethambo kanye ngonyaka lapho utshala.
Kuyathakazelisa! Lesi sitshalo futhi singakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yokuvikela inhlabathi, siqinise imithambeka ekuguguleka, ngemuva kwesigqoko sezimbali ongalifihla izindonga noma amaseshini amabi ezweni nezindawo ezingadini.
Iqhuma nini futhi kanjani
Izinhlobo zezimbali
Ngakho konke ukufana ngezici ezivamile, izitsha zensipho zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zingahlukahluka ukuqhakaza. Kukhona izitshalo ezinezimbali ezijwayelekile ezinamakhasi ayisihlanu, kukhona abamele abahamba ngokuthula bomndeni. Kukhona izimbali ezifika kububanzi obungu-4 cm, iningi lisenezimbali zokubonakala okunesizotha nosayizi.
Imilo yezimbali
Izimbali ezisebenzisa insiphowort zingaba ngemibala ehlukene, ukwakheka kwama-inflorescence kuyafana kuzo zonke izinhlobo.
Isikhathi sezimbali
Izimbali zensipho ezinamagagasi amabili ayisisekelo, ziba cishe njalo ehlobo zijabulisa umlimi ngesigqoko sezimbali esixegayo.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zinokubonakala okuhle okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokukhethekile, njenge-Rosea Glen hybrid
Izinguquko ekunakekeleni kwezimbali
Ngakho-ke lokho kuqhakaza kuya ngokuba maningi, kuthambile, isikhathi eside, kunconywa ukondla isitshalo ngamanyolo anzima ngalesi sikhathi.
Ukufakelwa ngemuva kokuthenga nangesikhathi sokuzala
Isitshalo siyaphila ngokuphelele lapho sidlulisela esitsheni singene emhlabathini, lapho sihlukanisa isihlahla futhi susa izingodo. Kubalulekile nje ukuthi inhlabathi ilula, ihlukane, ngaphandle kokuntengantenga kwamanzi.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni
I-perennial imelana nezilokazane zasengadini kanye nezifo zezitshalo. Akukona neze kuthintwe yizifo zakudala ezilandela izitshalo zasengadini. Noma kunjalo, kufanelekile ukunaka amaphuzu athile.
Izinkinga ze-Leaf
Amacembe angathintwa ukhunta, obonakala ngokubonakala mnyama kwamahlamvu noma ukuhlangana kwawo ngamabala ansundu. Imvamisa imbangela yalesi sifo iba ukugcwala kwenhlabathi ngokweqile. Ngesizathu esifanayo, izitsha zensipho zihlupheka ngokubola kwezimpande. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo, isitshalo sidinga ukuhlanzwa ngamaqabunga anezifo, uma ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba yonakele, bese uyisusa ngokuphelele.
Izinambuzane
Umonakalo omkhulu ungadala i-scoop yengadi yamabhabhathane. Ngezinga elikhulu, amacimbi aqanduselwa emaqandeni evemvane angalimaza isitshalo. Baququda, bese isitshalo sifa. Kunconywa ukubhekana nenkathazo ngamalungiselelo akhethekile okuvikela; ukuqoqwa kwezandla zezibungu nezinambuzane kuyasiza.
Uma ungasebenzelani nenkathazo ezimbali, ingasakazekela kwimifino
Isifo
Uma kuvela amabala amnyama emaqabungeni, udinga ukusika izindawo ezithintekile. Ngendawo enkulu yomonakalo, susa sonke isitshalo bese usha. Konke okunye kuphathwa ngama-fungicides.
Izimpawu zokunakekelwa okungafanele
Uma ukuthambisa akulungile, isitshalo singazivalela ngaphandle size sife. Isomiso ngokweqile naso siyingozi. Ekugcineni, ukuntuleka kokhula kungaholela kokhula kuvimbe yonke ingxenye yesiko lembali. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinkinga akufanele zivele.
ISaponaria isitshalo esithandekayo kumgcini wegadi, esidinga izindleko ezinkulu ezibonakalayo ekunakekelweni, azithobeki futhi sikhula kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi. Ngokubumbene nezinye izitshalo ezimboze umhlabathi, kuyasiza ukuhlobisa ingadi futhi kwenziwe nesakhiwo sikhange ngokwengeziwe.
