I-begonia ehlobisa ngokuhlobisa: izinto ezikhethekile zokunakekela ekhaya

I-Begonia iyathandwa phakathi kwabalimi, ngenxa yokukhethwa okukhulu kobunjwa kanye nemibala yamaqabunga nezimbali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukukhula ekhaya. Lesi sihloko sinikezelwa ekuqapheleni kokutshala kwangaphakathi kwezinhlobo zokuhlobisa nezitshalo zaseBeneonia.

Incazelo yezitshalo zangaphakathi

Iningi lama-begonias yokuhlobisa ikhula ngesimo sehlathi elihle, kodwa kunezinhlobonhlobo ezibukeka njengezihlahla. Ukuphakama kukhula kusuka ku-15 cm kuya ku-1 m. Izinhlobonhlobo zenani lamaqabunga ayo amahle. Zihlukile ngokwezimo - zizungezile futhi zinqunywe, ziphikisiwe zibe ngumoya kanye nemiphetho eqoshiwe. Ngokuvamile kufana nendlebe yezindlovu. Amaqabunga ahlukahlukene futhi anemibala - angaba monochromatic futhi ahlanganise nemibala 2-3 ngayinye, abe nohlaza, obomvu, omhlophe, isiliva, shades brown. Kunezinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amabala, abushelelezi futhi ahlanganiswe ngezinwele. I-begonia yokuhlobisa inezimbali ezimnandi.

Izinhlobonhlobo zifanelekile kakhulu ukutshala izindlu, izindlu, amahhovisi, izivande zasebusika, amabhaluni, amasimu. Kungakhula kokubili yedwa futhi njengengxenye yokuhlelwa kwembali. Namuhla kuboniswe izinhlobo eziningi ze-begonia ehlobisa.

Uyazi? UBegonia ubizwa ngegama lomuntu ongakaze ambone empilweni yakhe. I-botanist yokuqala evela eFrance, uCharles Plumier, yathola izinhlobo eziningana zezimbali e-Antilles. Usosayensi wesitshalo ebizwa ngegama lomngane wakhe, uMnuz Michel Begon, ophethe i-French quartermaster.

Okuthandwa kakhulu yizo:

• I-Royal;
• I-Tiara;
• I-Spotty;
• Griffin;
• Umkhosi;
• Mason;
• Griffith.

Izimo zokukhula ekhaya

Ukuze uveze ubuhle bamahlamvu aseBeonia ngaphambili, kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezihle ngazo ngendlela yokukhanyisa okuhle, ukushisa okulinganiselayo kanye nomswakama ophezulu.

Indawo nokukhanyisa

Kule sitshalo esingaphakathi udinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo nge-shading kusuka elangeni eliqondile kanye nelanga elide lokukhanyisa amahora angu-11-15. Kunconywa ukuthi ikhule i-begonia emafasiteleni e-ntshonalanga naseningizimu-ntshonalanga.

Enyakatho mnyama kakhulu imbali. Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-begonias efeniteleni eleningizimu kudinga ukusabalalisa kwelanga. Ebusika, kunconywa ukufaka ukukhanyisa okungeziwe ngezibani ze-fluorescent.

Uyazi? Edolobheni laseRochefort (eFrance) ngo-1986 kwavula i-Begonias Orangery, iqoqo elikhulu kunazo zonke izimbali zaseYurophu, ezinama-400 nezinhlobo ezingu-900, ezihlaselwa yizihlahla eziphakeme ukusuka ku-5 cm kuya ku-5 m.

Ukushisa

Imikhawulo yezinga lokushisa elihle lezitshalo ezihlotshaniswayo ezinemibala unyaka wonke + 20 ... + 25 ° С. Imbali ibekezelela ukwehla okuncane ekushiseni kuya ku-16 ... + 18 ° С. Ukukhula ekushiseni okuphansi kwesitshalo kuyingozi.

Umswakama womoya

Ekamelweni lapho u-begonia ekhula khona, udinga ukugcina umswakama ezingeni lika-50-65%. Lapho umoya usomile kakhulu, umkhawulo wamaqabunga uyomile futhi isicabucabu siphelele. Uma umswakama uphakeme kakhulu, uhlelo lwempande lungabola. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, lesi sitshalo singasiphala. Ungakwazi ukufaka ibhodlela esitokisini ngamagatsha ashubile noma ubumba obunwetshiwe, futhi uvuse umoya ngenhlanhla ekhethekile. Ukuphalaza akuvunyelwe ebusika.

Ukukhethwa kwekhasi

Ibhodlela lokutshala i-begonias liqoqa elijulile futhi elibanzi. Kungcono ukukhulisa imbali ezitsheni zepulasitiki. Noma kunjalo, izitsha ze-ceramic nazo ziyavumelana. Into eyinhloko yukuthi phansi kwakukhona izimbobo zamanzi zokukhishwa kwamanzi amaningi.

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

I-Begonia idinga ukunakekelwa okuncane. Kuzobandakanya ukuchelela, ukuphalaza entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi sokukhula, ukusika izihlahla nokutshala kabusha.

Kubalulekile! Ungesabi, uma kungakapheli izinyanga ezingu-1-2 emva kokufakelwa kabusha kwe-begonia ukuyeka ekukhuleni. Ngakho uphenduka ekucindezelekeni ngenxa yezimo ezishintshile zokukhula.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo kunconywa ukuba ukhule u-begonia. Lokhu kuzokwandisa ukuhlobanisa kwayo, kusebenze ukukhula nokuqinisa isimiso somzimba. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokondla ibuye isetshenziswe ngenye indlela udaba oluphilayo kanye namanyolo we-mineral. Imvamisa ephakanyisiwe yingu-1 emavikini angu-2-3. Esikhathini esitolo ungathenga izingqungquthela ezenzelwe ngokuqondile i-begonias yegama elifanayo. Futhi okunye okumele kube ngamanyolo omhlaba wonke, isibonelo, i- "Kemira-universal" noma leyo eyenzelwe i-azaleas. Kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebruwari, ukunceliswa kumisiwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, isitshalo siphumule, ngakho-ke, akudingeki siphazamiseke.

Izici zokunisela

Ukuphuzisa i-begonias kudinga ukulinganisela. Iphendula ngokulinganayo ngokungahambi kahle komswakama nokuntuleka kwayo. Njengokuhlanzwa kwezinye izitshalo zasendlini, ziqondiswa isimo somhlabathi. Ukunisela okulandelayo okulandelayo kuyenzeka uma ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba luma. Kudingeka amanzi amaningi, ngaphansi kwempande. Ngemuva kokuthi amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi agijimela epanini, kumele agcobe.

Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokuphuza, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaconsi awawa phezu kwesiqu, amahlumela namahlamvu. Ukungayinaki lesi simiso kuholela ekwakheni izindawo ezimbi nokushisa.

Ebusika, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise - emva kokumisa ungqimba ongaphansi komhlaba, ulinde enye izinsuku ezingu-1-2. Sebenzisa amanzi asempompo athambile ekamelweni lokushisa. Kumele kudluliswe ngokusebenzisa isihlungi esisusa i-chlorine nokungcola, noma ivikelwe izinsuku ezingu-1-2.

Indlela yokunciphisa nokutshala kabusha?

Ukusika izihlahla zaseBenesonia akudingi. Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokufakelwa kokutshala, kufanele kunqunywe isikhathi eside, amahlumela endala. Esikhathini esizayo, zingasetshenziswa njengezinsimbi zokukhiqiza. Amaqabunga omile namafihlekile asuswa njengoba kudingeka. Ukutshala izitshalo ezincane kumele kwenziwe njalo ngonyaka entwasahlobo. Izimila ezifinyelele eminyakeni engu-4 zivunyelwe ukutshala isikhathi 1 eminyakeni engu-2-3. Umhlabathi wokutshala ungathengwa esitolo. Amakhemikhali aklanyelwe ama-houseplants amaqabunga ahlobisa kufanele akhethwe. Kumelwe ukuba yande, ivuleke, ibe nomswakama omuhle kanye nokuqhutshwa kwe-air, ukungathathi hlangothi noma i-pH encane. Futhi, i-ground substrate ingalungiswa ngezandla zakho ekhaya.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzodingeka uhlanganise umhlabathi weqabunga ne-humus nesihlabathi, okufaka inani elincane le-vermiculite noma le-perlite. Ingxube, eyilungiselelwe yedwa, kufanele ikhunjulwe nge-disinfected. Ngenxa yalokhu, ibilisiwe, ineminyaka engaphezu kwe-steam, kuhhavini, i-microwave, noma ichithelwa ngesixazululo sama-manganese.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokufakelwa kahle kwezitshalo zasendlini.

Ukufakelwa kahle isitshalo, kumele:

1. Hlanza ibhodlela ngamanzi abilayo bese uyomile kahle.
2. Beka isendlalelo se-drainage ekuphakameni kwe-1 / 3-1 / 4 kwe-tank lonke phansi. Njengoba amanzi asetshenziselwa ubumba obunwetshiwe, izitini zezitini.
3. Fafaza ngendwangu encane yomhlabathi.
4. Susa isitshalo kusuka ebhodweni elidala.
5. Hlanza uhlelo lwempande kusuka emhlabathini.
6. Hlela isihlahla phakathi kwe-tank entsha.
7. Ngokufanayo usakaze uhlelo lwempande.
8. Ufafaze umhlabathi ngenhlabathi, ushiye i-1.5-2 cm kusukela ekugcineni kommbiza.
9. Qinisekisa kancane ngezintende zezandla.
10. Khulisa ngokukhululekile.
11. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-20, susa amanzi angaphezu kwamaphini.

Ividiyo: ukufakelwa kabusha kwe-begonias ukuhlobisa nokukhuni oluqinile

Izindlela zokuzala

I-Begonia isakazwa ngezindlela ezine:

1. Cuttings.
2. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla.
3. Ukuhlukaniswa kweshidi.
4. Imbewu.

Uhlelo lokuzalanisa ngesigamu sokuqala senhlobo.

Cuttings

Indlela elula futhi evamile kakhulu yokuzalisa begonias ekhaya. Ngoba isebenzisa iqabunga elikhulu eliphilile ngesibambo. Ngemuva kokusika, ukuphela kokusika kuphathwa ngesikhumba esichotshoziwe, bese kufakwa esitsheni esigcwele inhlabathi enombala, i-peat kanye nesihlabathi (ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo) ze-rooting. Umsuka ungaba nje emanzini, okumele kuguqulwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Uma kunesidingo, i-cuttings iyanisela. Cishe ngemva kwenyanga, izimpande namaqabunga amancane kufanele avele kwi-cuttings. Ngemuva kwalokho, zingatshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo.

Imbewu

Isitshalo sezinhlanzi sembewu esivamile singasakazwa. Lena inqubo enzima neyinde. Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziselwa kuphela ochwepheshe abafisa ukulondoloza izimfanelo ezihlukahlukene zesitshalo somzali. Inselele enkulu yale ndlela yukuthi imbewu yembali imincane kakhulu. Kunzima ukuqoqa nokuhlwanyela. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kumele kusetshenzwe - cwilisa, lukhuni, futhi ulondoloze kumgqugquzeli wokukhula.

Uyazi? Ngo-1988, ukuhlonipha ubungane obuphakathi kweJapane neChina, ukuhlukahluka kwe-begonia kwakhiwa, okubizwa ngokuthi umholi waseChina - isi-kimcheniriya. Unyaka ngamunye ukhulula izimbali ngoFebhuwari 16, usuku uKim Jong Il uzalwa ngalo.

Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ebusweni bomhlabathi weqabunga, umhlabathi we-turf, i-peat nesihlabathi. Gxila kancane, bese uhambelana ne-atomizer, embozwe ingilazi noma ifilimu bese ufakwa ekamelweni lapho izinga lokushisa ligcinwa khona + ku-22 ... + 25 ° С. Ukuhlala komhlaba kuqhutshwa njalo futhi kumanzi njengoba kudingekile. Ngokushesha lapho kuvela amahlumela, indawo yokukhosela isusiwe. Uma wenza amaqabunga amabili, uqhubezela ekudonseni zibe iziqukathi ezihlukene. Lapho izitshalo ezincane zizoba namaqabunga ama-5-6 kanye nezimpande eziqinile, zitshalwe ezimbizeni ezingunaphakade.

Ukuhlukaniswa kweshidi

Ngokuhlukanisa leli qabunga, akuzona zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-begonias ezingahle zisakazwe, kodwa kuphela lezo amaqabunga azo anemivamisa ehlukene futhi ayishicilela phansi.

Le ndlela ikhiqizwa kanje:

1. Sika iqabunga elikhulu elinempilo.
2. Sika ezinhlangothini eziningana ngesimo se-triangles ukuze okungenani ucezu olulodwa luhlale kucezu ngalinye.
3. Izintambo zihlwanyelwe zibe yiziqukathi ezigcwele inhlabathi ingxube noma isanti.
4. Iziqukathi zimbozwe ngezibuko zamakilasi noma epulasitiki.
5. Ukufudumala kwenziwa nsuku zonke.

Bangatshala embizeni emva kwezinyanga ezintathu.

Ividiyo: ukukhiqizwa kwamahlamvu okuhlobisa u-begonia ngokuhlukaniswa kweqabunga

Uhlukanisa isihlahla

Ngale ndlela, lesi sitshalo sisakazwa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha. I-shrub inqunywe ngommese ophikisiwe ongenakukhunjulwa zibe izingxenye ezimbili noma ezintathu ukuze ngamunye wabo ahlale enenani elifanayo lezimpande. Izinti zisika nge-carbon echotshoziwe. Khona-ke ingxenye ngayinye itshalwe embizeni ehlukile egcwele inhlanganisela yenhlabathi enconyiwe yokutshala.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Uma umnikazi wembali enza iphutha ekunakekeleni noma engakunaki ukudala izimo ezilula zokukhula kwayo, lesi sitshalo singabhekana nezifo nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane eziyingozi.

Izifo ze-begonias zivame ukusongela:

1. Idonsa likaMealy. Kuqala uma kungenakudlulela isikhathi eside ekamelweni lapho imbali ikhula khona, ngenxa yalokho umoya oqhuma khona, kanye nokushintsha okungazelelwe kokushisa nokungcola ngokweqile. Iqiniso lokuthi lesi sitshalo sitheleleke, singabonwa yizici eziqhakaza ezimhlophe emahlamvu, okunjengokungathi zigcwele ufulawa. Ukwelapha kufanele kuqale ezinyathelweni zakuqala zokuthola isifo. Lesi sitshalo kumele sihlukaniswe futhi sisetshenziswe nge "Topaz", "Ikhaya", "Ekuqaleni", "Tiovit". Ukwengeza, ungasebenzisa izindlela zendabuko, isibonelo, ukusula isisombululo soda (5 g ngalinye 1 litre lamanzi).
2. Grey ukubola. Uma umswakama uphakeme kakhulu, kunomswakama, izinga lokushisa elibandayo futhi akukho moya omusha okhona, izitshalo zitshalo zingaba zibolile. Amaqabunga ahlanganiswe namabala obuhlaza, izimpande - ezimpunga. Ukwelapha kunezinqubo zokwelapha nge "Teldor", "Switch EDC", "Horus EDC". Ukusetshenziswa kwe-prophylaxis "I-Fundazol", "Topsin-M".

I-Begonias ingahlasela izinambuzane ezinjalo:

1. Aphid Thola ukuthi ukutholakala kwalezi zinambuzane kungaba ngaphansi kwamaqabunga. Lesi yisiphithiphithi esincane esiphuza ama-juices esitshalweni futhi siholela ekuphuzizeni amaqabunga, ukubola kwawo nokuwa. Ngokutheleleka okuncane, i-aphid ibhujiswe ngokugubha ngamanzi asepha. Uma le nkathazo ihlasele isitshalo, iphathwa nge "Akarin", "Inta-Vir", "Fufanon", "Fitoverm", "Aktara".
2. Isibungu se-spider Ihlala kulezi zitshalo ezikhula ngaphansi kwezimo ze-humidity ephansi namazinga okushisa abandayo. Lezi zinambuzane yizinambuzane ezincane ezincelisayo, ezibomvu noma ezimnyama. Inqubo yokuphila ishiya iwebhu emaqabunga, ama-stalks namahlumela. Ukuze uxoshe umkhiqizo, kubalulekile ukwandisa umswakama womoya futhi wenze ukwelashwa kwe-Appolo, Borneo, Flumate.
3. Shchitovka nesihlangu samanga. Iziphuzo zokuphuza ezivela embali. Ukubukeka kubonisa ukwakheka kwamabala aluhlaza emaqabunga. Phatha lesi sitshalo ngokusula isisombululo se-soap-alcohol (mix soap liquid (15 g), utshwala obunamafutha (10 ml), amanzi (1 l)), uphefa "Aktellik", "Phosbecid", "Aktar".
4. Nematode. I-Begonia ithinta izinhlobo eziningana zama-nematodes ezilimaza amahlamvu, iziqu kanye nezimpande. Ukwelapha isitshalo kule nkathazo akunakwenzeka. Lapho itholakala, imbali kufanele iphoswe kude kanye nomhlabathi kanye nebhode.

Izinzuzo zokuqukethwe kwe-begonia ehlobisa futhi enamagatsha efulethini i-decorativeness yamaqabunga, ukunakekelwa okulula nokukhiqiza, ukuhlaziya ukudala i-microclimate ekhethekile. Le mbali iyakwazi ukuhlobisa noma yimuphi ongaphakathi, yakha induduzo ekamelweni futhi ihlanze umoya ovela ezintweni eziyingozi.