Ukufinyelela ekutshaleni isithombo, njenganoma yimuphi omunye isitshalo, kubalulekile ukunquma hhayi kuphela ukukhetha isayithi ukutshala, kodwa futhi ukuhambisana izitshalo. Ukucabangela imithetho yokushintshanisa kwezitshalo kanye nomakhelwane wemifino emibhedeni kubalulekile ekukhuleni kwezitshalo ezimpande, ukusabalalisa okunengqondo kwemifula, kanye nokugcinwa kokubunjwa komhlabathi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi yini ongatshala emva kwama-radishes ngonyaka ofanayo kanye nonyaka ozayo, ungatshala ukhukhamba noma utamatisi emva kwalokhu, isitshalo siyozizwa kanjani uma u-anyanisi ekhula ngasemuva futhi yini engcono ukuhlwanyela imbewu yemifino?
Kungani kukhona ukuhambisana phakathi kwamasiko ahlukene?
Isitshalo ngasinye sidinga inani elihlukile lezakhi zomhlabathi.. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukujikelezwa kwezilimo zezitshalo - ukushintshwa kwezitshalo ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela ukuze uthole isivuno esiphezulu.
Ukuxhumana kwemifino emibhedeni kufundiswa isayensi ekhethekile - i-allelopathy. Isitshalo ngasinye sithumela imvelo ehlukeneyo engathinteki kahle noma engathinti izitshalo ezitshaliwe ezilandelayo. Abalimi abanolwazi balandela ukutshala okuhlangene kwezitshalo.
Amaphuzu alandelayo ancike ekuhlanganisweni kwamasiko:
- ukonga isikhala kusayithi;
- ukuqedwa kwenhlabathi ukuchithwa;
- ukwanda kwekhwalithi yezitshalo;
- ukuntuleka kokufaka umanyolo owengeziwe;
- ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwezitshalo ezikhulile;
- ukulahlekelwa umzamo omncane ukwelashwa kwezitshalo ezivela ezinambuzane.
Ukutshala ukujikeleza nokutshala okuxubekile kulawulwa ngamaphethini akhethekile okushintshaniswa kwezitshalo ezindaweni, kanye nezinkathi zesikhashana zenhlangano yezitshalo.
Emva kwalokho imifino ungahlwanyela kanjani ama-radishes?
Ukuze unqume izitshalo - abandulele, emva kwalokho ongatshala kahle ama-radishes, udinga ukwazi ukuthi imifino izokuhambisana kanjani ne-ecosystem esevele ihlelwe emibhedeni yensimu ngenxa yokukhula kwesinye isitshalo. Umsuka udinga ukukhanyisa, umswakama omuhle (kusuka ku 60 kuya ku-70%), isakhiwo sehlabathi esivundile, izakhi.
Ncoma ukutshala ama-radishes emibhedeni ngemuva kokuvuna amazambane okuqalalapho inhlabathi izoba nokuhlushwa okuncane kwe-nitrogen, okungeke kuvumele ukuthi i-botve ikhule kakhulu, kanti izimpande ziyokhula ngamandla. Kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kukhona i-potassium encane emhlabathini, futhi kubalulekile ukutshala imifino enhle ngombala ogqamile. Gcwalisa lo mzimba ngokutshala ama-oats noma izithako ezengeziwe.
Abandulela phambili ama-radishes bangamaqanda, ukhukhamba, i-zucchini, imifino. Usizo oluhle ukusetshenziswa kwezimila eziphilayo ukukhulisa imifino enjalo. Kuvunyelwe ukutshala izimpande nangemva kokuvuna utamatisi nobhontshisi.
Ungavumeli ukutshala kwesithombo emva kweswede, iklabishi, isithombo noma i-turnip ngenxa yezingozi ezivamile zezinambuzane nezifo ezinjalo nezitshalo. Kuyinto engathandeki ukutshala izimpande nangemva kokuvuna.
Ngokulandela ukuthi isitshalo sizozizwa kanjani kusayithi?
Umsuka ukhula kahle eduze kwebhontshisi yezinhlamvu. Umakhelwane onjalo unomphumela omuhle ukunambitheka nosayizi wesithombo, uvikela ukutshala kusuka eklabishi izimpukane nezimpethu. Izitshalo zomsuka zincoma ukutshala izinsuku ezingu-14 ngaphambi kwezinyosi zezinhlamvu.
Ukuze uthole isivuno esikhulu, kufanelekile ukutshala amanzi, i-nasturtium embhede ohlangene. I-Radish iyasiza ukubeka eceleni kwamakhukhamba, ama-parsnips, ama-strawberries, amagilebhisi, ama-strawberries, njengoba anethonya elihle kulezi zitshalo. Ezitshalweni ezihlangene, izimpande zihlangene ngokuphelele ne-parsley, izaqathe.
Awukwazi ukutshala ama-radishes eceleni kwe-beet chard, anyanisi, i-fennel, i-rhubarb, ihisopi.
Yini ongatshala emva kwama-radishes ehlobo lonyaka ozayo?
Izitshalo zezimpande ze-vitamin zitshalwe kusukela entwasahlobo kulo lonke ihlobo (kuye ngokuthi ukuvuthwa kwezinhlobonhlobo), kusengaphambili ukulungiselela umhlaba kusukela ekwindla. Ngo-June, akunconywa ukuhlwanyela ngenxa yobude besikhathi semini, njengoba izitshalo zingaya kumcibisholo futhi zinganikeli isivuno.
I-Radishes ivuthwe ngokuphelele ezinsukwini ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-40, iqoqa imifino, abalimi baqala ukulungisa isayithi kwezinye izitshalo. Uma kwenziwa ukutshala okuxubile, isayithi livele lishiye indawo enkulu yokukhula kwezitshalo.
Emva kokuvuna, izitshalo zezimpande azitshalwe emibhedeni efanayo:
- iklabishi imifino;
- rutabaga;
- isithombo;
- isithombo;
- isanqante.
Ukuvuna isithombo, ehlobo nangonyaka olandelayo, uma izitshalo zingabanjwanga ngamakhukhamba, ubhontshisi bamahlathi, u-squash, kule ndawo zingalinywa:
- i-legumes;
- utamatisi;
- amazambane;
- anyanisi;
- i-zucchini;
- imifino
Ungatshala ama-melon, kodwa kuphela uma indawo eyabelwe isayithi ikuvumela ukuthi ukhule izitshalo ezinkulu. Ama-eggplants akhula kahle emva kwesithombo.
Ngokuqondene nonyaka ozayo wehlobo, kubalulekile ukuhlela ukuhlwanyela nokucabangela lokho okwakhuliwe emibhedeni ngemuva kokuvunwa kwesithombo. Isibonelo, uma amazambane atshalwa emva kokuvuna izitshalo zakuqala, kufanelekile ukuhlakulela ukhukhamba, ithanga, i-garlic, i-zucchini, ubhontshisi esikhathini esizayo. I-Cruciferous (Iklabishi) imifino akufanele itshalwe iminyaka eminingana.
Kungenzeka yini ukutshala imifino endaweni efanayo?
Ochwepheshe abaphakamisi ukutshala imifino efanayo endaweni eyodwa.. Isidakamizwa asiyitholi inhlabathi, kodwa akudingekile ukuhlwanyela izinhlobo ezifanayo zezitshalo endaweni eyodwa ukuze kungabikho umonakalo wezitshalo yizinambuzane nezifo. Kungcono ukuthatha isikhala seminyaka engu-3. I-win-win - ukutshala imifino ngemuva kwesithombo:
- anyanisi on feather;
- i-dill;
- i-parsley;
- ezinye izinhlobo zama saladi.
Ungathatha indawo yokutshala izimpande izitshalo izitshalo izitshalo, zucchini, utamatisi, anyanisi, uphizi, isitshalo seqanda.
Imiphumela yokuhambisana
Ukuphula imithetho yokuhambisana kwezitshalo emibhedeni, ungabhekana nezinkinga eziningi. Lezi zihlanganisa:
- Izitshalo zokunakekelwa kokungahambi kahle, uma ububanzi bemibhedqo ngeke budlule imitha eyodwa, lapho kungekho ukuhlukaniswa kwezitshalo ngokuvuthwa, ukuphakama, izimo zokukhanyisa.
- Ukwehla komhlabathi uma kwenzeka izikhathi zokujikeleza kwezitshalo ezingakafiki, ngaphandle kokutshala i-sideratov yokucebisa inhlabathi kumasayithi wamahhala.
- Ukuthola imifino engavuthiwe noma engaphansi, ukutshala ngokulandelana esakhiweni esifanayo izitshalo ezifanayo noma ezihlobene.
Lapho utshalwa izitshalo ezitshalweni emibhedeni, lapho isitshalo sesithombo, iklabishi, i-horseradish, isithombo sasivunwa, i-cruciferous flea iqala ukudla izimbobo emaqabunga, imifino ibuna, imifino ayitholi isisindo esidingekayo, ingayeki. Amaqabunga alesi simo kumele aphathwe ngesisombululo sofulawa ugwayi, enezela izindebe ezimbili zensiza engxenyeni ka-50 g isepha kanye namalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
Uma utshala ama-radishes eduze kwezinye izitshalo ezisemthonjeni, ukutheleleka kwe-powdery isikhunta kungatholakala lapho izitshalo zikhula khona futhi zinciphisa ekukhuleni. Ukutshala kuphathwa nge-fungicide noma ingxube ye-Bordeaux.
Ubuningi bokhula obunokhula kusayithi lungabangela ukunqotshwalapho kukhula khona ukukhula kwezitshalo ngenxa yezimo zenhlabathi eziluhlaza. Izimpande zezitshalo ziphenduka brown futhi zibole. Ukuqeda lesi sifo ngokunisela ngamabisi e-lime.
Njengoba unikezwe imithetho yokuhambisana kwezitshalo lapho uhlwanyela, ungagwema izinkinga ezihlobene nokutshala isithombo, lula ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo, ugcine ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi emibhedeni yasensimini, uthole isivuno esikhulu semifino esiphundu.
