Kungani i-humanrium ingaqhakazi nokuthi yini okumelwe ikwenze

I-Anthurium - isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu ngaphakathi. Ngaphezu kokuhlobisa, imbali ewusizo kakhulu, ihlanza umoya ekamelweni, njenge-ionizer. Kwenzeka ukuthi i-vanhurium ibuhlungu abanikazi abangabhubhisi. Kulesi sihloko sizofunda izizathu zokuthi kungani abanturium ingaqhakazi, nokuthi yini okumelwe ikwenze ukuze iqhume.

Okuqukethwe:

• Kungani ungaqhakazi abanturium
• Ukuphulwa kwe-microclimate
• Ukuphuza okungalungile nokukhulelwa
• Ibhodlela elingavumelekile
• Izifo nezinambuzane
• Ezinye izizathu
• Okufanele ukwenze ukuze uqubuze abanturium ekhaya
• Amathiphu awusizo kusuka kubalimi abanolwazi
• Amaphutha ajwayelekile lapho ekhula ngabanturium

Imithetho eyisisekelo yokulima nokunakekela abanturium

I-Anthurium ivela emahlathini ashisayo eNingizimu Melika. Lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukubekezelela ukushisa okungaphansi kwe-zero, umswakama nokuthisa ukushisa. Ikhulile njengesitshalo sebhodlela ngenxa yamaqabunga ayo amakhulu, enesikhumba, amnyama aluhlaza kanye nama-bracts enemibala evame ukuphutha ngenxa yezimbali zabanturium. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla, ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, kuyahlukahluka kusuka ku-30 ​​kuya ku-100 cm. Izimbali zimbalwa, zihlangene ngendlela ephakeme efana ne-cone ephuzi. Yonke imibala lapho amaqabunga, ama-bracts nezimbali zalesi sitshalo zidwetshiwe, zihluke kakhulu ngokumelene nomunye nomunye, okwenza umphumela wokuhlobisa okhethekile wesitshalo. Imbali kufanele ixiliswe, lapho ungqimba lwempande luzohlale lumanzi, kodwa ngeke kube khona amanzi asemhlabathini nasempandeni. I-Anthurium ngempilo enhle idinga ukukhanyisa okugcwele nokukhanyayo, ukushisa ekamelweni nokudla ngezikhathi ezithile. Isici esibalulekile ukuhlinzekwa kwesikhathi sokuphumula imbali enezinga lokushisa elifanele kule sigaba sokukhula.

Uyazi? Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-600 nezinhlamvu ze-humanrium, ezihlukene ngokuma nombala wamaqabunga, kanye nokuhlukahluka kombala wendwangu eluhlaza. Umbala we-bract ungaba obomvu, ugundundy, obomvu, cishe obumnyama, obomvana, ukhilimu, obomvu noma obuluhlaza.

Kungani ungaqhakazi abanturium

I-Anthurium ingase ingaqhakazi isikhathi eside (noma nhlobo) uma izimo ezikhulayo zingafaneleki. Lokhu kungaba yi-microclimate engalungile, ukuchelela okungalungile noma ukungafaneleki kokugqoka okuphezulu, ukuqinisa imbiza, ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane noma ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo. Umlimi kumele ahlaziye ngokucophelela izimo lapho i-humanrium ikhula khona, inqume ukuthi yini engalungile, futhi wenze konke okusemandleni okulungisa lesi simo.

Ukuphulwa kwe-microclimate

I-Anthurium izwa kahle ekushiseni kuka-18 ... + 25 ° C. Yingakho lesi sitshalo asifanele ukulima ngaphandle kwesikhala sethu. Akunakucelwa ngisho ukuthatha ibhodlela ehlobo, njengoba kwenziwa nezinye izimbali, emgodini noma egcekeni, ngoba isimo sezulu asikwazi ukubikezela, futhi i-humansrium ayibekezelelanga ngisho nokunciphisa kwesikhashana izinga lokushisa ngezansi + 13 ° C.

Ehlobo, isitshalo sisethelwe ukuze singatholi ilanga eliqondile. Imbali ingavikelwa emisebeni yelanga ngokumboza iwindi ngendwangu eguquguqukayo. I-Anthurium ayibekezeli umoya omile. Yingakho indawo engavumelekile ebusika kuye indawo yokumbiza eduze kwamabhethri noma ukushisa amadivaysi.

Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zabanturirium ezithandwa ngabalimi.

Ezinyangeni ezishisayo zasehlobo, isitshalo sezitshalo ezishisayo kufanele sihambisane nomoya. Kunconywa ukuthi ufeze imbali ngamanzi ngezikhathi ezimbili noma kathathu ngesonto. Le nqubo ingenziwa nge-spray (spray) noma ubeke isitshalo imizuzu embalwa ngaphansi kweshaxa esivamile.

Ukuphuza okungalungile nokukhulelwa

Esinye isizathu sokuntuleka kwe-humansrium yezimbali - okungalungile komanyolo. Uma ukufaka umanyolo kuqukethe izinga eliphakeme le-nitrogen, lesi sitshalo siqala ukukhula kuphela amaqabunga, okwenzeka ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kokubunjwa kwezimbali.

Kubalulekile! Ehlobo, i-humansrium idliwe ngaphansi kwempande njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili, ezinyangeni zasebusika imvamisa yokugqoka iyanciphisa kakhulu, ukugqoka eyodwa kuphela kwezinyanga ezimbili kwanele.

Ibhodlela elingavumelekile

Uma lesi sitshalo singaluqhakazi (sikhula kabi) iminyaka eminingana, mhlawumbe lokhu kuyisignali ukuthi kuyadingeka ukufakelwa embizeni enkulu ngenhlabathi entsha. Ukufakelwa okuchanekile cishe kuhlale kuletha imiphumela emihle.

Indlela yokuguqula abanturium:

1. I-substrate efanelekayo yile inhlabathi yomndeni wama-orchid noma i-bromeliads, ingathengwa ezitolo zensimu.
2. Ngaphansi kwezinto ezintsha, ezinamandla ngaphezu kokudala, embizeni, ubeka ungqimba lwamanzi okungenani u-4 cm. Ukugeleza kuzovimbela ukugoba kwenhlabathi ebhodweni kanye nokubola kwempande. Njengamanzi, ungasebenzisa ama-pellets ebumba, izingcezu zobumba noma izitsha ze-ceramic. Futhi phansi kwebhodlela kufanele unikezwe ngezimbobo ezilodwa noma ngaphezulu zokugeleza kwamanzi. Ngaphezulu kwe-claydite, ibhodlela ligcwele i-substrate yokutshala abanturium ku-1/3 yenani eliphelele.
3. Ngokushesha udinga ukuhlukanisa i-clod zobumba enezimpande ezivela ezindongeni zebhodlela elidala. Ukwenza lokhu, ngaphandle kwebhodini kungabanjwa kalula ngomkhonto noma ngomsi wommese phakathi kwezindonga zangaphakathi kanye ne-clock earthy.
4. Ngemuva kokuthi i-clod yomhlaba ihlukaniswe, ibhodlela liboshwe ngamagremu angu-45 ukuze i-clod yomhlaba ikhule kancane. Kulesi simo, umcibisholi kufanele abambe imbali ukuze ingaphuli phakathi nalokhu kusebenza.
5. Imifucumfucu igubha ngobumnene umhlabathi omdala bese uhlola uhlelo lwempande yezimpande ezilimele noma ezibolile. Uma zitholakala, zinqunywa ngommese obukhali noma amasimu wegadi.
6. Okulandelayo, isihlahla sibeka phakathi komthamo wokutshala omusha futhi izimpande zihlanganiswe nenhlabathi. Intamo yentambo yembali ingcwatshwe emhlabathini. Inhlabathi ezungeze imbali emva kokufakelwa kabusha kancane kancane ngokuhlanganiswa futhi ngokulinganisela amanzi.

Uyazi? I-Anthurium isitshalo esidabulayo emahlathini ashisayo, ashisayo futhi ashisayo. Ezinye izinhlobo zasendle ziyakwazi ukukhuphuka izihlahla ekukhanyeni njengoba zikhula.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-Anthurium ikakhulukazi ibhekene nezifo ze-fungal, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi igciwane lesandulela ngculaza livela.

Izifo ezingase zenzeke nge-fungal of humansrium:

1. Phytophthora - ivela emabalazeni emaqabunga, ngokuvamile eqhubekela phambili kusukela empandeni ehlangene neziqu phezulu. Isibhunu esinamafu singase sikhule futhi, lapho amahlumela eba nsundu futhi asheshe abune.
2. Ukugqwala - Kubonakala njengamabala aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka ohlangothini lwangaphandle lwamagqabi namaqoqo e-spore asezindaweni ezingaphansi kwekhasi leqabunga. Amaqabunga abathintekile anqunywa eduze komhlaba futhi, uma lesi sifo siphelile, susa sonke isihlahla.
3. Idonsa likaMealy - isifo se-fungal, izimpawu zivezwe emakhazeni amhlophe e-powdery. Umama we-Mealy uvimbela ukukhula kwe-humanrium futhi emva kwesikhathi kuholela ekufeni kwayo.

Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ze-fungal, abanturium ingafakwa nge-anyanisi noma i-garlic ukumnika, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamafayicides: "Strobe", "Prestige", "Horus", "Fitosporin-M", "Tiovit Jet". Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane zibonakaliswa ngenguquko engavamile embala kumagqabi noma izimbali, isibonelo, amaphethini e-mosaic anezindandatho eziluhlaza, ezimpunga, ezibomvu noma ezibomvu. Akukho ukwelashwa kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Izitshalo ezithintekile kufanele zibhujiswe (mhlawumbe zishiswe).

Kubalulekile! Izifo ezinama-viral nezifungayo zisuka esitshalweni ukutshala yizinambuzane ezihambayo ezifudukayo.

Izinambuzane ze-Anthurium:

1. Aphid - izinambuzane ezincane ezihlala emakoloni amakhulu, ezondla izitshalo ze-sap, eziholela ekufeni kwamaqabunga. I-Aphid ihlanganisa isitshalo nge-secretion yayo, ujuba amazolo. I-Aphid excretion ihlanganisa amaqabunga, ngaleyo ndlela igweme i-photosynthesis - inqubo yokuphila eyisisekelo yezitshalo. Le nkathazo ikhula ngokushesha, ubukhona bayo embali bunikeza amaqabunga e-yellowing. Ama-apidi angasuswa ngamanzi, isibonelo, ebhahleni ngaphansi kweshazi, noma amaqabunga neziqu zingasulwa ngeponji, isobho elinamandla kakhulu. Ungaphinda uphathe isitshalo ngegalikhi okhishwa ngamaqabunga noma izinambuzane zamakhemikhali, njenge "Aktara", "Connect", "Aktellik".
2. Izibungu zesicabucabu - izinambuzane ezincane kakhulu ezinamalungu omzimba ezingadluli 0.6 mm. Amathikithi omdala anombala omnyama we-chitin, kanti abantu abancane bayabonakala. Le nkathazo kunzima ukubona ngaphandle kweglasi yokukhulisa. Ibhulogi elingenamsebenzi elingaphansi kweqabunga lamaqabunga kanye nase-axils of stems lifakazela ukuthi likhona. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhaza kunconywa ukushisa okuphezulu egumbini kanye nomoya omanzi; ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokulawulwa komkhaza, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa noma ngisho nokunciphisa ukuqhutshwa komoya nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa endlini. Ngoba ukubhujiswa kwabo kusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesihlahla ngezinambuzane: "Yeka uphawu", "Actofit", "Antikleshch."

Ezinye izizathu

Umhlali oshisayo ezindaweni ezifanele angase akhule izinyanga ezingu-9-10 ngonyaka. Omunye wemibandela yokuqhakaza ukuhamba kwenkathi ye-humanrium isikhathi eside. Ukuze kungene esikhathini sokuphumula, isitshalo sidinga ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa libe ngu-16 ° C ngezinyanga ezingu-2-2.5.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze unciphise amanzi emathonjeni wokunisela, ungangezela amaconsi ambalwa kalamula kalamula.

I-Anthurium ithanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kodwa ayikubekezeli ukuvezwa kwelanga eliqondile emaqabunga. Uma isikhathi eside kunomthunzi ogcwele, awukwazi ukulinda izimbali. Ibhodwana elinembali lingama phezu kwefasitela lewindi noma libhekene nefasitela ukuze litholwe ngokugcwele. Noma iyiphi i-sill window, ngisho nenyakatho eyodwa (neminye imikhawulo), ifanele ukulima kwayo.

Okufanele ukwenze ukuze uqubuze abanturium ekhaya

Uma kunembile ukucacisa isizathu sokuthi kungani ohlala ezindaweni ezishisayo engaqhakaza, kuzoba lula ukulungisa isimo sibe ngcono.

Yini okufanele yenziwe kubantu bendabuko:

1. Ukukhanya okungalungile. Kudingeka ukudlulisa ibhodlela ngembali endaweni lapho ukukhanya kukhanya khona. Kudingeka ukhethe ngokucophelela indawo ye-humansrium, ngoba ilanga elidlulele lingakwazi ukuholela ekungabikho kwemifino, kodwa futhi ekukhuphukeni kwamaqabunga noma ukubonakala kwamabala asundu njengokushisa kubo. Emva kokuhambisa lesi sitshalo kwenye indawo, indawo encane enelanga, amaqabunga abuyela embala wabo ojwayelekile izinsuku ezimbalwa.
2. Ukuphuza okungalungile. I-Anthurium ithanda ukuchelela okuhlelekile. Kodwa uma uyinqobe ngokunisela, futhi inhlabathi ebhodweni iba manzi kakhulu, izimpande zizoqala ukubola. Kuzoyeka futhi ukukhahlela. Ukuze ungabi nesikhukhula, kufanele ukuchelela okuncane njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3. Indlela iphumelela: uma inhlabathi isomile kakhulu, cishe inyanga isitshalo siyobe sesilungele izimbali eziluhlaza.
3. Amanzi kakhulu kanzima. Imfanelo yamanzi nayo ibalulekile. Ngokufanele, i-humanrium kufanele iphuze ngamanzi abilayo, ahlile. Lesi sitshalo sibhekene namanzi anzima anesisindo esiphezulu se-calcium nama-magnesium usawoti. Zonke ukungcola kanzima ziyanyamalala uma kupheka. Amanzi kampompi avamile, athululelwa emanzini okuchelela futhi ngokushesha anikezwe ngaphansi kwezimpande zezitshalo, angalimaza abanturium. Kubalulekile ukugcwalisa itangi ngamanzi bese ushiya ukulungisa, bese usebenzisa usuku olulandelayo. Ungaphinde uchithe izimbali ngamanzi ahlungiwe.
4. Ukukhanyisa okwanele. I-Anthurium, efakwe efeniteleni elenyakatho, ngeke iqhume ngaphandle kokukhanyisa okwengeziwe. Ukukhanyisa okunjalo kungahle kuhlelwe ngokufaka isibani esitezi noma isibani setafula nge "intamo" ehambayo. Kunconywa ukubeka i-fitolamp noma i-bulb ekhanyayo ye-LED isibani esisebenza ngombane kagesi.
5. Indawo engafanelekile. Ungahambisa isitshalo endaweni, mhlawumbe akuhambisani nendawo. Kunconywa ukuhambisa ibhodlela ngezinsuku ezingu-10-14 kwenye indawo, indawo ekhanyisiwe (mhlawumbe efasiteleni) futhi ubuke isitshalo, mhlawumbe izoqala ukuphonsa imicibisholo yezimbali.
6. Ukugqoka okungalungile. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa ukudla ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen. Uma lesi sitshalo sidinga umanyolo, kuyoba kuhle ukusebenzisa umanyolo, ocebile nge-phosphorus ne-potassium, kodwa ngezinga elinganiselwe le-nitrogen. Ungaphinde ukondle izitshalo ngemifino yemvelo, ephilayo, njengezizathu zekhofi noma ama-shell shell amaqanda. Lawa manzi akwanele ukwenza ngaphezulu komhlaba, futhi kuyadingeka ukuwaxuba nenhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, phezulu kwe-substrate enhlabathini embizeni ngembali ekhulayo isuswa ngokucophelela ukuze ingalimazi uhlelo lwempande, futhi ixubene nomanyolo wemvelo, bese ibuyela ebhodweni.

Uyazi? Izitshalo ezitshalwe ngamanzi ezitshalwe endlini, zihlanza umoya kusuka ekusikeni, ukubhema ugwayi, ukukhonza njengesihlungi semifino.

Amathiphu awusizo kusuka kubalimi abanolwazi

Ezindaweni zasemakhaya kunamaqhinga amaningana, ukusetshenziswa okuzokwenza kube lula ukunakekela izitshalo:

1. Kule ungqimba ophezulu we-substrate yenhlabathi akusiyo masinyane omisiwe, ihlanganiswe ngendwangu yamatshe. Njenge-mulch, ungasebenzisa amaqabunga etizi elele, indawo yekhofi.
2. Izimbali ezitholakalayo zinganisela hhayi nje kuphela ekutheni zingaphansi kwempande, kodwa futhi zihlele i-wick yazo. Uboya obuncane obude futhi obude busetshenziswa njenge-wick, owodwa okuphethwe kuwo emgodini wamanzi wokunisela, kanti omunye ufakwa ebhodweni, eduze nesitshalo sesitshalo. Imbali ngokwayo ilawula ukuchelela, ukudweba amanzi zibe ungqimba lwempande njengoba kudingeka. Ukunisela okunamandla kuzoxazulula inkinga yokunisela ngesikhathi sokungabi khona kwabanikazi eside.
3. Ukuze uphathe isihlahla esihlaselwe izinambuzane ebusika futhi singasithwali ngaphandle emakhazeni, kuphakanyiswa ukuba ufake isikhwama esikhulu sepulasitiki phezulu esihlahleni, bese ugijimela i-spray kusukela e-can nge-insecticide. Imbali ephathwayo ihlala ivaliwe amahora angu-3-4, emva kwalokho isikhwama sisusiwe futhi ubuso beqabunga buhlanjululwa ngamanzi ngaphansi kweshado.

Abalimi be-flower abanolwazi oluncane ngokuvamile bafuna ukwazi ukwenza abanturium ziyaqhakaza. Kunezindlela ezinjalo, futhi odokotela banxusa ukuba ngezikhathi ezithile amanzi amanzi emanzini ngamvubelo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ilitha lamanzi elilodwa lingcolisa 50 g yemvubelo emisha, bese uhambisa izitshalo ngaphansi kwempande. Isixazululo sisetshenziswa ngokushesha ngemuva kokulungiselela. Kukhona namathiphu ekudambiseni izimpande zabanturium nobisi, obanjwe kabili ngenyanga. Ngaphambi kokudla ubisi kuhlanganiswe namanzi 1: 1.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile lapho ekhula ngabanturium

Ukwelashwa okungalungile ngeke kuvumele isitshalo ukuba siqhakaze.

Funda futhi ukuthi kungani amaqabunga ephuzi e-humansrium.

Uma i-humansrium eyeke ukukhula, izikhathi ezinjalo zingalimaza izimbali zayo:

• hhayi ukukhanya okwanele okwanele;
• ilanga eliqondile emaqabunga;
• isitshalo sasingekho esigabeni sokuphumula;
• ukuphuza kaningi noma kaningi kakhulu;
• ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo;
• ukutholakala kwezinambuzane;
• i-nitrogen ngokweqile enhlabathini noma ukuntuleka kwamanye izakhi.

Amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izembozo ezinemibala engavamile ze-bracts ne-yellow humansrium izimbali ziyohlobisa noma yiliphi ikhaya. Umlimi wemifino, uma ehlinzekele isihlahla ngokunakekelwa kahle, angakwazi ukukhulisa abanturium ngempumelelo emakhaya iminyaka eminingi.

Ividiyo: kungani ingaqhakazi i-Anthurium