Izinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi "iKostroma" ihlukaniswa ukunambitheka kwayo okukhethekile futhi kungenzeka ukuthi yonke indawo isetshenziswe izithelo, okwenza kube lula kakhulu kubanikazi bendawo.
Eyaziwa ngezici ezinhle zomkhiqizo nokuvuthwa kokuqala, lezi nzalo zamatamatisi nazo ziheha abalimi abaqeqeshiwe ukuba baziqaphele ngokwabo, ngoba zenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukukhula kwezimo zokushisa.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo, kanye nezici zokutshala nokulima kwayo kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko.
Incazelo ehlukahlukene
Utamatisi "i-Kostroma" ibhekwa yi-semi-determinism: lezi zihlahla ezide kakhulu ezikwazi ukukhula zikhule ngamamitha amabili. Izinkomba ezinjalo zokukhula kungenzeka kuphela uma utshala izitshalo ezimweni zokushisa futhi zilungile. 
Amahlumela alezi zinhlobonhlobo utamatisi ahlukaniswa nenani elikhulu lamaqabunga aluhlaza ajwayelekile.
Uyazi? E-United States of America, utamatisi olinganiselwa ku-3.5 kilograms wanda.
Utamatisi "i-Kostroma" inezinzuzo ezingenakuphika:
- uvuthwe ekuqaleni;
- ebonakala izithelo eziphakeme;
- ngesikhathi sokuhamba, abalahlekelwa ikhwalithi yabo yangaphandle yezohwebo - isikhumba nesimo sesithelo ngasinye sihlala;
- ukumelana nezifo eziningi nezinambuzane ukuthi ezinye izinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi zivezwa;
- izithelo ziyakwazi ukuvela ngisho nokusimama kokushisa;
- ukubekezelela amazinga aphansi okumswakama;
- inombolo elinganisiwe yezinyathelo.
Kodwa, njengezo zonke izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamatamatisi, i-Kostroma inezimbalwa eziningana:
- ukwakhiwa okuphoqelelwe ukushisa okushisa noma ukumboza ifilimu ekukhuleni lezi utamatisi;
- isidingo sokwakha amahlathi e-trellis;
- ukubopha ngesikhathi sokubopha kuyadingeka ukuze ugweme ukuhlukana kwabo.
Izithelo nezivuno
Ukuma kwezithelo utamatisi "Kostroma" iyindilinga, flat, njalo. Banekhono elibushelelezi, umbala ubovu obomvu, ohlukile ekukhanyeni, isikhumba sinomzimba futhi sinamabala. Isithelo esisodwa singaba nesisindo esingaba ngu-85 kuya ku-150 amagremu, isisindo sesilinganiso se-utamatisi singama-gramu angu-110.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukhulile enhlabathini evulekile, utamatisi weKostroma awukwazi ukukhiqiza isivuno esihle.
Zonke utamatisi ziqoqwe ngezibhantshi zezingcezu ezingu-6-9, ezihlukaniswa ngobuhle bebuhle nokuhlanganiswa okumangalisayo.
Ukunambitheka kwezithelo kuyi-dessert, okwenza utamatisi walezi zinhlobonhlobo ibe isithako esihle sama saladi, kanye nemifino efanelekayo yokusetshenziswa okusha. Benza futhi ama-sauces okumnandi nama-pickle amahle, ngoba u-pulp wabo nesikhumba kunzima kakhulu.
Ngomitha owodwa wemitha kuvunyelwe ukuhlwanyela izihlahla zezitshalo ezingu-3-4, ngokubala kokuqoqwa kwamakhilogremu angu-20 avela kule ndawo.
Ngokuvuthwa, lawa utamatisi aphakathi kokuqala: kusukela ngosuku lokuhlwanyela ukukhetha izithelo zokuqala kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-103 kuya kwezingu-108, ngokwesilinganiso sama-105. Okokuqala, ibhulashi livela esakhiweni seqabunga lesishiyagalolunye noma leshumi, ama-brushes alandelayo akhiwa kuwo wonke ama-sinus wesibili. 
Ngokushesha nje lapho kukhishwa ibhulashi yeshumi, phezulu kwesitshalo kungaphoqwa.
Ukukhethwa kwezithombo
Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukungahlanganyeli ekukhuleni okuzimele kwezitshalo, kodwa basebenzise ukuthenga okulungiselelwe.
Kubalulekile! Ukukhethwa okulungile kwamatamatisi kungatholakala amasonto ambalwa emva kokutshala. - lapho isiteji se-engraftment sidlula futhi ukukhula kwayo kuqala.
Uma ukhetha izithombo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ezinye izici zangaphandle zezitshalo ukuze uthole isivuno esiphakeme futhi esiningi:
- udinga ukukhetha izithombo zonyaka ofanayo, osuselwa ezinsukwini ezingama-45 kuya kwezingu-60, ukuze izitshalo zikhule zivuthwe ngokulinganayo;
- Ukuphakama kwesithombo kufanele kube ngaphansi kwezingu-30 cm, kwisitshalo ngasinye kufanele kube ngamakhasi ama-6-8 - kube ngaphansi komhlaba, kuze kufike ku-11-12 - ngezinhlobo ezide;
- Izithombo zomquba kufanele zibe yi-7-8 mm obukhulu;
- Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi izitshalo zibe nzima, - amaqabunga ayo kufanele abe aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, angabi ne-yellowness nezibonakaliso zokubilisa;
- izimpande kumele zakhiwe futhi zingenakho umonakalo;
- izithombo akufanele zithinteke yizinambuzane kanye nezifo (azikho amaqanda abeka phansi ngaphansi kwamaqabunga, amaqabunga awakhuli, hhayi emanzini, awekho amabala amnyama noma amnyama);
- Ukusakaza amaqabunga aluhlaza ngokweqile kaningi kubonisa ukukhula okusheshayo kwezithombo ngokusebenzisa umanyolo omkhulu we-nitrogen fertilizer, okwenza kube nezinga eliphansi lokutshala izimbali kanye nokubunjwa kwama-ovaries;
- Izithombo ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha akufanele zibe nezimbali nama-ovaries, njengoba izimpande ziyobamba izimpande ezimbi kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi ukudla kuzokwenyuka ngesikhathi esifanayo hhayi kuphela kubo, kodwa nakwezithelo zesikhathi esizayo;
- Izimila kufanele zitshalwe endaweni ebanele komunye nomunye emabhokisini omhlaba ukuze kugweme ukulimala ngenkathi zisuswa. Akunconywa ukuthenga izithombo kumaphakheji.
Lapho ukhetha izithombo zotamatisi, umuntu kufanele acabange ukuthi kunamanani amaningi emakethe, okukuthi kunzima ukukhetha ikhwalithi eliphakeme futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ukhethekile utamatisi. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuxhumana nabathengisi abaqinisekisiwe.Kubalulekile! Uma okungenani enye yempawu yokulimala ingenye yezitshalo, kungcono ukuthi ungathengi izithombo ezinjalo. Kunconywa ukuba uthenge izithombo kumthengisi oyedwa, ngoba inhlabathi ngayinye elandelayo lapho ikhule khona ingaba nezici ezintsha ezingalungile ngesimo sezifo (ukubola, ukubonakala, ukubonakala, umdwebo we-viral) okuzowela kalula emhlabathini we-greenhouse yakho.
Izimo ezikhulayo
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo zezitamatisi izithombo "Kostroma" Kunconywa emva Ukushisa inhlabathi ku abamba ukushisa kuya 13-15 ° C, ebonakala ukuzinza. Kungcono ukutshala izithombo ngoMeyi, nakuba kungenzeka ukwenza lokhu ngo-Ephreli.
Izinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi "iKostroma" zibhekene nokuzivikela okuhle, ngakho-ke, ukungahlali kahle kwemibuso yokushisa kanye nezinye izinto ezimbi (ukungabi namandla okukhanya okwanele, umswakama) awunalo umthelela omkhulu ekukhuleni kwezitshalo kanye nenqubo ye-fruiting esikhathini esizayo.
Kodwa, njengezitshalo eziningi, lezi utamatisi ngeke zilahle ukukhanya okuhle. Ngesilinganiso semswakama kudingeka uqaphele: abalimi abaningi bazama ukuwazisa utamatisi ngendlela encane ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ngaphambi kokutshala kudingeka ulungise inhlabathi ephezulu. Ingxube yendawo evela ensimini, i-peat, umquba - inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu. 
Kunconywa ukutshala utamatisi ku-abamba ukushisa ebangeni elingamamitha angu-40 emgqeni owodwa bese ushiya amamitha angu-60 phakathi kwemigqa. Njengoba kuphazamiseka okunjalo, izitshalo zizothola ukukhanya okwanele nezondlo, kuzokuba lula ukunakekela utamatisi, kanti ingozi yezifo nayo izokwehla.
Uyazi? Kuze kube ngu-95% we-utamatisi isisindo samanzi.
Ukulungiselela imbewu nokutshala
Lapho ulungiselela izithombo zika utamatisi "uKostroma" kufanele ucabangele isikhathi lapho kuvuna ukuhlelwa khona. Ukuze uthole isivuno sokuqala sotamatisi kulezi ezihlukahlukene, kutuswa ukuba uhlwanyele imbewu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngoMashi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izithombo zizobe sezilungele ukufakelwa kabusha ngo-Ephreli.
Kunconywa ukuthi ulungiselele inhlabathi elungiselelwe ingxube yomhlaba, i-peat, umquba ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate, kanti nosuku ngaphambi kokuba kusetshenziswe ngamanzi.
Imbewu yamatamatisi kufanele ilinganiswe, okudingeka ukuthi ibekwe kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate imizuzu engu-15, bese isomisiwe. Imbewu elungiselelwe kufanele ifakwe enhlabathini enomswakama ebangeni lamakhilomitha amane ukusuka komunye nomunye, efafazwe ngendwangu yomhlaba, ihlanganisa yonke indawo ngefilimu noma isakhiwo seglasi, ukuqinisekisa ukugcina ukushisa.
Lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, ifilimu noma enye into kufanele isuswe ngokumboza. 
Uma nje amaqabunga amabili okuqala ebunjwa, kufanele kwenziwe okukhethwa kukho: ukufakelwa kwesitshalo kwenziwa ezindebe ezihlukene noma eziqukathi ezikhethekile.
Izinsuku ezingu-40 emva kokufakelwa kabusha, izithombo zibhekwa zilungele ukutshala ezimweni zokushisa, futhi ngokushesha lokhu kwenziwa, ekuqaleni ungathembela ezitshalweni zokuqala.
Izinhlobo ze-tomato ezinqunyelwe ukufana nazo zihlanganisa "I-Chocolate", "I-King of the Early", "Black Moor", "uLwandle Olumnyama".
Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa
Emva kokutshala izithombo zika utamatisi ebusweni bokushisa ukuze kuvune isivuno esihle, kufanele ulandele imithetho eminingi:
- ngokushesha nje lapho ukukhula kwesitshalo kuqala, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokwakheka kwamahlathi. Kungcono ukwakha izitshalo zalezi zihlukahlukene phezu kwe-trellis ngokuqondile;
- ngemuva kokuthi ama-brushes angu-5 avele, udinga ukuqala ukususa amaqabunga amaningana wezingxenye ezivela phansi. Lokhu kufanele kwenzeke njalo ngeviki ukuze kuthuthukiswe umhlabathi futhi kuthuthukiswe ukufinyelela komzimba ezihlahleni;
- ukushayela ukuvimbela amahlumela kudingeka ahlanganise;
- emva kokubunjwa kwamabhulashi ayishumi, kunconywa ukuthi kuphungulwe ukudubula okuphakathi ukukhawulela ukukhula kwehlathi. Into eyinhloko ukushiya amaqabunga ambalwa ngaphezu kwesibhamu sokugcina;
- kuyadingeka ukuqapha ukwakheka kwehlathini kwesinye isiqu sezinga eliphakeme lokuvunwa;
- izingane zokutholwa zidinga ukususwa ngesikhathi (kanye ngesonto).
Ukunakekela utamatisi weKostroma akufani neze nokunakekela utamatisi wezinye izinhlobo - kufanele ukhulule njalo umhlabathi, uwuthathe amanzi (ngamanzi afudumele, mhlawumbe emva kokushona kwelanga), susa ukhula njengoba ukhula, ukondla ngezinto ezikhethekile ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuqamba kwamahlathi . 
Izifo nokuvimbela izinambuzane
Ukuzivikeleka komzimba utamatisi "Kostroma" imelana nezifo eziningi "utamatisi".
Phakathi kwabo kukhona:
- i-mosaic virus;
- i-clasporiosis;
- futarioz.
Nakuba isimiso somzimba samatamatisi kulezi zinhlobonhlobo senza kube lula ukubhekana nezifo ezihlukahlukene nezilokazane, izinyathelo zokuzivikela zendabuko ngeke zikwazi ukulimala.
Uyazi? Odokotela batusa njalo ukusebenzisa utamatisi nemikhiqizo eyenziwe kubo (amajusi, amadokisi, izethamusi) ukuze kuvinjelwe izinqubo eziphilayo emzimbeni, futhi futhi njengendlela enhle kakhulu yokuphakamisa isimo sengqondo.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ukuvuna utamatisi "Kostroma" eyenziwa ngemuva kokuvuthwa - ikakhulukazi ngo-Agasti noSeptemba. Izithelo zincoma ukuqoqa endaweni esomile.
Utamatisi ongazange abe ngaphansi kwesithwathwa afanelekele isitoreji esengeziwe. Izithelo kufanele nazo zibe zihambelane, zanele ngokwanele - lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuba zigcinwe isikhathi eside. Utamatisi afakwa emabhokisini enkuni ahlanganiswe nephepha, ungqimba ngamunye uhlukaniswe nge-sawdust. 
Amabhokisi engeziwe atamatisi afakwa esitejimeni nge-ventilation edingekayo kanye nomswakama okungaphezulu kwama-75%.
Kubalulekile! Izinga eliphansi lokushisa lilimaza utamatisi, ngakho ngeke ligcinwe esiqandisini.
Uma umgadi wensimu engakwazi ukulawula njalo ukukhula kwezithombo nokuvuthwa kwezithelo zotamatisi, khona-ke izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeKostroma zizohambisana naye.
Ukuthenga imbewu noma izithombo zalawo utamatisi, akufanele ungangabazi ukufaneleka kokuzikhethela, ngoba ukuhambisana kwazo, isivuno esikhulu, ukunakekelwa okulula, imizamo emincane ekukhuleni iyokwanelisa izidingo zomndeni.
