I-Cherry-Cherry Hybrid - I-Toy ezihlukahlukene

I-sweet cherry sweet-sweet ithande ukunambitheka kwayo okusha futhi okumnandi, ama-cherry omuncu enza i-jam emangalisayo.

Indlela yokuhlanganisa izici zalezi zithelo izithelo ezivela emndenini waseRosaceae?

Impendulo yanikezwa ngabalimi, okwakhiwa ngokuwela kwe-interspecific, cultivar - cherry-cherry hybrid.

Cherry, cherry sweet noma hybrid?

Ekuqaleni, i-cherry ne-sweet cherry yayinegama elivamile - "cherry bird".

Enyakatho yeYurophu, ngokuthembela ekuziqhathaneni kokunambitheka, lezi zitshalo zahlukaniswa ngokuthi "ama cherry omuncu" kanye ne "cherry sweet".

Lapho, ngekhulu le-17 kwavela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene "UMay-Dyuk" kusuka ekuvundeni okungahleliwe kwama cherry cherry.

Ngenxa yokuwela ngokuzenzekelayo, izithelo zaba zikhulu futhi zinomnandi kune-cherry ejwayelekile, futhi zaholela abalimi abathintekayo ekukhethweni ukusebenza ngenhloso yokwakha "Cherries". Ngakho kwakukhona iqembu lama-interspecific hybrids - izikhulu.

Ezweni lakithi, umbusi wokuqala wabonakala ngo-1926 emtholampilo we-I.V. Michurin ubize "Umthengi omnyama".

Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, ababelethi base bevele besebenza ekunikezeni ukushisa nokuqhwa kwamaqabunga, besakaze phambili enyakatho. Ngaphandle kwalokho wakwazi ukukhipha izinhlobonhlobo ezintsha ze-fungal isifo se-cherry-coccominose.

I-True Dyuk samobesplodny, okudinga ukuba khona okuphoqelekile engadini ye-pollinator enokwethenjelwa - cherry sweet.

Usizo: Ungathola idokhumende ngokuxhunyelela i-cherry enhle kwisitokisi cherry. Kodwa-ke, i-hybrid enjalo idla izimpande kunzima kakhulu, ayiqali ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthela izithelo, kodwa uma lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zokujoyina ziphumelela, isivuno esikhulu kanye nokukhishwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yesithelo kulindeleke ukuthi umlimi wezithelo.

Izithelo ezinjalo eziphezulu ziboniswa yizinhlobonhlobo ezifana ne-Chernokorka, Black Black, i-Chocolate ne-Generous.

Incazelo enhlobonhlobo Toy

Ku-Registry State ka cherry-cherry hybrid yasungulwa ngo-1996 njenge-toy cherry, eyadalwa I-Institute of Gardening Irrigated yase-Ukraine. MF Sidorenko.

Sakaza ukuhluka kwakho okutholiwe esifundeni saseNyakatho Caucasus, lapho kutshalwa khona jikelele.

I-Cherry Toy - incazelo "yabazali" bezinhlobonhlobo:

• Cherry "Lyubskaya" - engenawo umbhali othile, kodwa uthole kabanzi kusukela ngo-1947 enkabeni yeRussia; ukukhiqiza kwesitshalo kuvela ngonyaka wesithathu futhi kuyaqhubeka kwanda eminyakeni engama-25; ukukhiqiza kufinyelela ku-12 kg wezithelo ezimnyama ezibomvu esihlahleni; ukumelana nesithwathwa; ukubekezelela isikhathi eside;
• Cherry "Ibhola le-solar" - isihlahla sesithelo seMelitopol yokuzalanisa (Ukraine) siqala ukusebenza nangonyaka wesithathu; umkhiqizo omangalisayo - 40 kg emthini; izithelo isisindo - 15 amagremu; ukumelana nesithwathwa kuphakeme; ukumelana nezifo ezijwayelekile nezinambuzane.

Ukufana nokungafani kwama cherry nama cherry.

Ngokuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko uzobona esithombeni ukuthi i-toy cherry ibukeka kanjani.

Isithombe

Yini i-Toy cherry efana nayo?

Izici

Dyukovy cherry cherry ezihlukahlukene zathola igama layo ubuhle ezingavamile izithelo ezinkulu futhi kubonakala:

• i-Cherry Toy iyinhlobonhlobo enamandla lapho isihlahla sifinyelela khona Amamitha angu-7 phezulu;
• umqhele oqoshiwe noma oqhele oval;
• grey, njenge-cherry, bhaka phezu kwesiqu kanye namagatsha omzimba, okwenza kancane kancane;
• amahlumela, amnyama, ngisho nombala omnyama;
• amaqabunga aluhlaza obumnyama obusayizi obuqinile kanye nomumo ovoid; ukuphela kweqabunga kukhonjiswe futhi kugobile, futhi ipuleti leqabunga li-concave elincane phakathi kwe-vein central;
• umgogodla obuncithakalo kanye nezimpande ezinzima kugcwalisa umbono weqabunga;
• izimbali ezimhlophe ze-samobesplodnye ezibonakala zivame ukwanda ngonyaka futhi ziqoqwe ngezimbali ze-inflorescences (3-4 izingcezu);
• izithelo ngendlela enkulu (kuze kube ngu-9 gr.) amajikijolo Ubomvu obumnyama: banesikhumba esincane futhi ithambo elilula kalula;
• Ubuso berry bubushelelezi futhi bucwebeze nge-funnel encane yesithelo kanye nesigxobo "sesisu";
• i-pulp enomsoco, edwetshwe ngombala obomvu obumvu;
• iberry linakho okuqukethwe ushukela - 10.9%, ama-acids - 1.5% futhi ngenxa yalokho - ukunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu, okulinganiswa yisilinganiso sokunambitha ku 4.6 amaphuzu;
• izinhlobonhlobo zenhloso yendawo yonke: i-dessert kanye nezinto eziwusizo ezimbonini zokukhiqiza iwayini nejusi;
• ukuqalisa izithombo ezihlanganisiwe ze-fruiting kusukela ngonyaka wesithathu;
• ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kwesikhathi - phakathi no-Agasti;
• izithelo eziphezulu futhi unyuke unyaka nonyaka;
• isilinganiso sokuvuna somuthi oneminyaka engu-10 ubudala - 45-50 kg;
• kuhle ukubekezelelana kwesomiso;
• frost ukumelana ngoba umuthi ngaphakathi - 25 ° C (ikakhulukazi amaqabunga abandayo nezimbali zisengozini ebanda);
• ukumelana nesifo sefungal - okuphawulekayo kulo mkhuba.

Ukumelana kahle nezifo ze-fungal kubonisa izinhlobonhlobo zeMolodezhnaya, Morozovka, Nadezhda noNovella.

Ukuziqhenya kobugovu obuningi bokudinga izidakamizwa ezisebenzayo endaweni engadini eseduze, Ochwepheshe batusa: cherry izinhlobo "Minx" kanye "Samsonovka" cherries - "Krupnoplodnaya", "Valery Chkalov", "Franz Joseph".

Izinhlobonhlobo zibonakala njengezethembisayo futhi zihilelekile ekuqhubekeni komsebenzi wokuzalanisa ukwandisa isivuno nokumelana nesifungulu se-pathogenic namagciwane.

Ukulima nokukhathalela

Ezweni lakithi, ngokomlando, kwavela ukuthi i-cherry ngemuva kwe-apula ibhekwa njengesitshalo sesibili esibalulekile kunazo zonke. Yiqiniso, ngokuhamba kweminyaka, indawo yokufika kwayo iyancipha.

Isizathu:

• shintsha ngendlela yobunikazi bomhlaba kanye nokuwa kwamapulazi akhethekile;
• ukubonakaliswa okuvamile kwezimo ze-climali (ihlobo elishisayo, ubusika obufudumele);
• uhlobo lwesimo sezinhlobonhlobo ngenxa ye-pollination engalawuliwe;
• ukunciphisa ukufunwa kwezomnotho kwama cherry ngenxa yokwandiswa kwemakethe yezakhi zemikhiqizo exotic;
• ukusakazeka, ukungeniswa ezweni lethu kusuka eNtshonalanga Yurophu, izifo ze-fungal, izinhlobo ezingajwayelekile ezingabandeki.

Ukukhula okuphumelelayo kanye ne-fruiting ye-cherry isihlahla udinga:

1. Ukuze ukhethe indawo yokufika efanele: ekuphakameni, ngobuningi bokukhanya nomoya.
2. Kubalulekile ukutshala enkampanini yezihlobo ezingu-3-4ahluke ekuvuthweni ibanga elingamamitha amabili ukusuka komunye nomunye.
3. Kanye nokukhethwa kwezinhlobo ezikhiqizayo, kufanele kube nokukhethwa kwezithombo ezikwazi ukuhluma kahle.
4. Kubalulekile ukwakha umqhele eduze kwesihlahla, ucabanga ukuthi, isibonelo, i-Toy, iveza izithelo ngamahlumela wonyaka.
5. Lesi sitshalo sikhetha indawo ephakathi, enobungozi obukhulu obuvela emanzini, ngisho nokujula kwamanzi aqhakaza kuyingozi kulo mkhakha.
6. Ukuze ukhiqizwe kwenhlabathi ngaphansi kwe-cherry plantings kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu bashaya:
   • inhlabathi enhlabathini -300-500gr. imitha yendawo ngayinye;
   • ihamba - 600-800 gr;
   • sod-podzolic - 300-800.
7. Ukusika izihlahla kwenziwa ukuze:
   • amafomu;
   • ukuhlunga;
   • sanitary (ukususa amagatsha abonakalisiwe noma abonakele).
8. Emngceleni wobusika kanye nentwasahlobo ukuvikela i-trunk ekushiseni ukushisa ilanga -, njengamagatsha omzimba, igcwele noma igoqwe emaphethini amabili ephepha elimhlophe.
9. Imifino enomsoco isetshenziswa ngaphansi kwebusika ngezingqimba zomquba (kufika ku-10 cm) futhi zihlanganiswe ne-peat.
10. Ukunisela izihlahla ze-cherry akufanele kube nokuningi futhi kwenziwe ngezinselelo zendandatho ebangeni elingamamitha amahlanu ukusuka esiqwini. Ngesikhathi kuze kube ngamalitha angu-15 amanzi adluliselwa emanzini futhi utshani obumile obuthile obuvela ekukhuphukeni okusheshayo. Phakathi nenkathi, kuye ngokuthi ubudala, 4-9 amabhakede athululelwa ngaphansi komuthi ngamunye, egxile ezintweni ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo:
    • ukuqhakaza;
    • ukuvuthwa kwe-ovary;
    • ekupheleni kokuvuna;
    • ngaphambi kokushiya isitshalo ebusika.
11. Ngokuvamile ukushintshanisa umoya, umhlaba ukhululiwe futhi ugwazwe ngemifoloko.
12. Ukwelashwa ngezinambuzane ("Mustang", "Cifox", "Inta-Vir") - ukuvimbela ngaphambi kokugeleza kusuka ezinambuzane. Izinduku zivikelwe ngamagundane ngokubopha ukuthungatha ucingo oluzwakalayo noma olubhebhethekile.
13. Emabala amnyama, ukuma amaqabunga kanye nezinso zokufa kwezinso kunqunywa izifo eziyinhloko ze-cherry:
    • ukubola kwempunga;
    • ukubonakala kwe-perforated;
    • i-cocmmycosis;
    • monilioz;
    • ukwelapha i-gum.

Kubalulekile: Isixazululo se-5-7% se-sulfate esivundile akuyona nje ukwelashwa kwezifo ze-fungal, kodwa futhi nokwanda kwamagatsha amasha nezithelo zezithelo!

Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo

Imboni ye-canning iye yanciphisa kakhulu ukuhlupheka kwabalimi, iphazamiseke inkinga yokucubungula isivuno esikhulu. Kodwa ukulungiswa kwama-compotes, ama-juice, ama-liqueurs ayenziwayo asemqoka.

Kusukela ku cherry-cherry izithelo kungalungiswa:

• ukuphefumula okusheshayo ngokugcwalisa amapayipi namadombolo, ukupheka amadayisiwa;
• cherry sauce for inyama izitsha;
• cherry omisiwe for salads kanye compotes;
• cherry marinated njengendlela yokwengeza inyama izitsha;
• i-cherry jam noma ngaphandle kwamatshe;
• imfucuza;
• i-jam;
• i-marmalade;
• i-cherry sherbet;
• cherries oyinyumba ngaphandle kokushukela.

Njengoba kunjalo, inkathi yokusetshenziswa kwamajikijolo awusizo uyohlala kuze kufike isivuno esilandelayo.

Amagugu ama cherry cherry njengamabanga amancane enza i-"Toy" ikakhulukazi ekudingeni ukulima kwezwe, ngoba wonke umuntu othanda ukujabulela izithelo ezinkulu, nezethulo zemithi.

Lezi zithelo azizesabi ukuhamba, zigcinwe ngendlela ehlelwe futhi zinganikeza wonke umuntu injabulo yehlobo ehlobo lobusika obukhulu.

Phakathi kwezinhlobo zomhlaba jikelele kufanele unake iminyaka efanayo, iVolochaevka ne-Lighthouse.

Buka ividiyo lapho uzobona khona izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-cherry Toy: