Izinkomo ze-Red-motley: izici zokuzalanisa ekhaya

Izinhlobo zezinkomo ezibomvu nezibomvu zavela maduze nje, kodwa zakwazi ukuthatha indawo yazo phakathi kwezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zokuzalanisa kokubili emakhaya ezizimele nasemapulazini amakhulu. Inqoba ngokuvumelana nezimo ezihlukahlukene, ukungahambisani nokucindezeleka, ukumelana nokucindezeleka kanye nezinkomba ezinhle zobisi nezinyama. Esihlokweni sethu sizoxoxa ngezinto eziqukethwe kulezi zilwane.

Umlando nezici ezijwayelekile

Uhlobo lwazo lwabhaliswe ngokomthetho ngo-1998. Lo mcimbi ulandelwe umsebenzi omude nobunzima wabalimi.

Umsebenzi wokhetho

Ukusebenza kulo mhlobo kwaqala ngo-1977. Yenziwa ngezigaba ezintathu:

• ukunqotshwa kwezinkomo zikaSimmental ngezinyoni zezinkunzi ze-red-motley Holstein ezizalwe ukuze zithole inzalo yesizukulwane sokuqala;
• ukuthola izizukulwane ze-hybrid II ne III;
• ukukhethwa kwabantu abahlangabezana nezidingo zokuqhubela phambili phakathi kwazo, ukuthola uhlobo olusha.

Zijwayeze ngezinhlobo zezinkomo ezindaweni zokudla nezidakamizwa: i-Alatau, i-Bestuzhev, i-brown yaseCaucasia, i-Krasnogorbatov, i-Schwyck.

Standard

1. Isisindo 900-1100 kg (owesilisa), kufika ku-600 kg (owesifazane), kufika ku-485 kg (izilwane), 36-38 kg (umntwana osanda kuzalwa), 37-39 kg (inkunzi esanda kuzalwa).
2. Ukuphakama kumile. 140-145 cm (inkunzi), 132-138 cm (inkomo).
3. I-suit. I-Red-motley. Ukushintshashintsha kombala kusuka obomvu obomvu kuya obumnyama kunokwenzeka.
4. Uboya. Mfushane, ubushelelezi.
5. Udder I-Cup enemijobo ye-cylindrical. Index 42-43%.
6. Inhloko Big, enebunzi ebanzi.
7. Uphondo. Okumncane, okumhlophe, amathiphu anombala obomvu, aqhubekile.
8. I-Torso. I-compact, i-muscular, ne-edges ehlelekile.
9. Umkhumbi Ede, flat, nge-hump kulezinkunzi.
10. Isifuba. Nciphile, ejulile, enezinhlaka. Gqoka izinkomo - kufika ku-200 cm, ezinkomeni - 230-235 cm.

Izinkomba Zokudla Nezilwane

1. Udy. 540 kg for lactation yokuqala, 700 kg okwesibili, emva kokuthathwa kwesithathu - amathani angu-5-6.
2. Amafutha 3,8-4,09 %.
3. Amaphrotheni. 3,2-3,4 %.
4. Ukukhiqiza ubisi. 1.6-1.8 kg / iminithi.
5. Ubisi kusetshenziselwa ukwenza ibhotela kanye noshizi onzima.
6. Ithole lizalwa lilinganisa 33-37 kg. Ngonyaka uthola 250-300 kg. Ezinyangeni ezingu-16-18 zilinganisa u-380-400 kg. Isisindo sinezinyanga eziyisithupha yi-1.5 kg ngosuku.
7. Izinkunzi ze-Bullheads zigcwala izinyanga ezinyangeni ezingu-12-14. Ukuhlatshwa eneminyaka eyi-15-18. Kule minyaka yobudala, isivuno sempilo singama-56-60%. Ukukhishwa kwenyama yenkukhu ku-52.5-54%.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nobisi lwezinkomo: ubuningi, okuqukethwe kwamanoni, ukwakheka, izinzuzo kanye nokulimaza, izindlela zokucubungula kanye nezinhlobo.

Izinzuzo nokuqeda

Ububele bokubeletha:

• ukukhiqiza inyama nokukhiqiza ubisi;
• ngesikhathi sokuphila, inkomo ingaba ne-14 calving;
• ukuvumelanisa nanoma yiziphi izimo;
• ukungazitholi ekudleni.

Kuzo u-cons Ungakhetha kuphela ukuthi kungenzeka yini izifo ezinzima njengezinsipho ezinamathele, ezigcwele.

Funda futhi mayelana nohlobo lwezinkomo ezimnyama-motley.

Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa

Izinkomo ngokuvamile ziqukethe indlela ephathekayo. Ebusika, bahlala ezigodini, kanti ehlobo bahamba emadlelweni. Ngesikhathi ngasinye sokuqukethwe kunezici zayo siqu.

Indawo yokuhamba ehlobo

Ipulatifomu yokuhamba kufanele ibe kuzo zonke izilimo ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinkomo. Ngenkathi uhamba, inkoma isekela ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwemizimba yazo zonke izinhlelo emzimbeni. Isayithi lakhiwa ngendlela yokuthi inkomo ngayinye inamamitha ayizi-15 square. m endaweni ekungabikho kanzima kanye namamitha ayisishiyagalolunye. m - isayithi elinomsebenzi onzima. Izilwane ezincane zidinga amamitha ayisishiyagalolunye no-5 square. m, ngokulandelana, amathole - ama-5 no-2 amamitha square. m, ngokulandelanayo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlomisa indawo ye-paddock engxenyeni engeningizimu yezakhiwo ukuze ivikelwe kusuka kumashidi. Endaweni yayo udinga ukubeka abaxhasi nabaphuzayo. Kudingeka futhi ukuhlela indawo enombhoshongolapho izilwane zingase zivikele khona sezulu noma ilanga elivuthayo.

Kubalulekile! Izilwane zingakhululwa emhlabathini wokuhamba ngisho nasebusika, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside kunamahora angu-4-6. Ehlobo, bangakwazi ukuchitha amahora angu-12-14 lapha.

Ukuhlelwa kwenqolobane

I-stall yiyona ingxenye enkulu yenqolobane. Ukuze kube nokugcinwa okunethezeka komuntu oyedwa, kubalulekile ukuba unikeze isikhala samamitha ayizi-2,5 square. Esigabeni ngasinye, i-feeder efakwe lapho okungaba ngu-6 kg we-hay ingafanelana. Kungenziwa ngamapulangwe noma ensimbi. Lezi zamuva zivame ukusetshenziswa emadlelweni. Kunconywa ukwenza enye yokudla okumile, nokunye kokudla okumanzi. Okuseduze kufanele kube isitsha sokuphuza, okungcono kakhulu okuzenzakalelayo. Ukuma kwabathengi nabaphuzi kufanele kube njalo ukuthi izilwane zingafinyelela ngokuphepha kokuqukethwe kwazo.

Esigodini sezinkomo kuqukethe i-leash. Ukhetho kufanele lukhethwe ngendlela yokuthi aluvimbeli ukuhamba kwesilwane, alulimazi, lususwe kalula, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo lwaluhlala luqinile. Iphansi esiteshini lihlanganiswe nokusika utshani, i-peat. Ngokuvamile sebenzisa ingxube yalezi zinto zokwenza isilinganiso 2: 1. Lesi sitshalo sithinta umchamo kanye negesi ngokuphumelelayo. Ngesinye isibonisi udinga u-3 kg wecala elinjalo ngosuku.

Kubalulekile! Uma uhlelo lokususa umquba othomathikhi olufakwe emgodini, udoti lungashintshwa njalo. Utshani olusha luhlanganiswe phezulu. Uma ungqimba luba ngaphezu kwamamitha obukhulu, lo malitha kufanele alandelwe ngokuphelele.

Izimo zokuboshwa

Ukushisa okunethezekayo emgodini wezinkomo ezibomvu-motley ngu -10 ° C, kodwa ukuhluka kwayo kusuka ku +4 ° С (ebusika) kuya ku-+20 ° (ehlobo) kuvunyelwe. Ukugcina izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwemingcele ecacisiwe kusiza uhlelo lokuphumula. Ibuye inikeze umoya omusha. Ingahamba phakathi kwamafasitela, kodwa kungcono ukuhlela umoya we-ventilation. Yakhiwa ngendlela yokuthi awekho ama-drafts.

Ukuze izilwane zihlakulele ngokujwayelekile futhi zijabulele ukusebenza komkhiqizo wobisi, ukukhanya okuhle kuyadingeka egodini. Ubude bosuku kumele kube ngamahora angu-16. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izibani ze-LED. Ziningi ukonga futhi zihlala njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzimba wabo uvikelwe kahle emanzini.

Ukuhlanza inqolobane

Ama-Ammonia ne-carbon dioxide akhishwa kanye nemikhiqizo yezinkomo. Ngamanani amaningi, ayingozi emfuyweni, ngakho-ke, ukuhlanza indwangu nokuguqula amalitha kufanele kwenziwe nsuku zonke. Abondla nabaphuzayo badinga lokhu, ngoba ama-microorganisms e-pathogenic angathuthuka ezinsalela zokudla. Uma umquba uqoqwe ezindaweni zokugcina ezikhethekile, kungenzeka ukuthi izinkomo zihlale zilele. Kulesi simo, sishintshwa kabili ngonyaka. Le ndlela yokondliwa ivunyelwe kuphela nge-umoya omuhle. Uma kungenjalo, udoti uthatha indawo nsuku zonke.

Uyazi? Izinkomo zinesimo esithile esithuthukile, ngakho-ke ziyanconywa ukuba zenziwe ubisi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngaphandle kwalokho isivuno sobisi kanye nokuqukethwe kwamafutha kuzokwehla.

Ukudla ukudla

Izinkomo ezibomvu nezimhlophe ukunikeza ubisi obuhle nobuningi obukhulu, kumele zondliwe ngendlela elinganiselayo nangesimiso.

Ihlobo lihamba edlelweni

Isisekelo sokudla kwezinkomo ehlobo yi-utshani obusha. Kodwa ukudlulisela isilwane kwimenyu enjalo kuyadingeka kancane kancane ukuze kungabi nezinkinga ngesisu. Ngosuku lokuqala, khipha umhlambi ukuze udle amahora angu-2-3 ekuseni nakusihlwa. Kunconywa ukuthi ukondle izinkomo ngehhashi ngaphambi kokuhamba.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokudla izinkomo emadlelweni.

Imfuyo idinga ukulungiswa kusengaphambili. Indawo kufanele ibe eyomile futhi ngaphandle kwama-mollusk, okuphakathi komjikelezo wokuphila we-helminths. I-clover, i-alfalfa, i-vetch, i-pea, i-timothy ne-meadow utshani kufanele ikhule lapha. Lezi zitshalo zikhulisa okuqukethwe kwamanoni ebisi.

Ngosuku umuntu uyadla 50 kg utshani. Kulezi, u-5 kg ​​yi-mass eyomile, enikezwa ebusuku ukuze kube nomsebenzi omuhle wesisu. Ngaphandle kwamakhambi, ukudla kwehlobo kwezinkomo kuhlanganisa ama-beet, izaqathe, amazambane abomvu, i-turnips, i-rutabaga. Ungenza umkhulumeli: mix mix nge amazambane oqoshiwe, usawoti bese wengeza amanzi.

Umehluko ekudleni kwasebusika

Ngesikhathi sasebusika, izinkomo ezibomvu-motley ziguqulwa zibe yi-hay, futhi isiliva kanye nezimpande izitshalo zisuswa kancane kancane ekudleni. Ngosuku lohlobo lwe-milk, 1.5-2 kg wezinyosi ngo-100 kg wesisindo salo, kanye no-4-6 kg we-oatmeal noma u-rye utshani, u-3-6 kg we-pea straw, noma u-3-4 kg wamakhoba adingekayo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokudla nokudla kwezinkomo ebusika.

Imingcele yasebusika yansuku zonke yenkomokazi ingaba kanje:

• 9 kg ukolweni utshani hay;
• 2-3 kg of silage corn;
• 8-9 kg we-haylage;
• 2-3 kg utshani obomile, umquba;
• kuze kufike ku-3 kg kokudla.

Ukudla kwansuku zonke yenkomo:

• 5 kg we-hay;
• 11 kg we-silage;
• 3 kg of concentrates;
• 6 kg yemifino yezimpande;
• 60 g usawoti bese ukondla i-phosphate.

Uyazi? Kusukela ngo-1998, umcimbi wobuciko wamazwe omhlaba obizwa ngokuthi yi "I-Cow Parade". Imifanekiso ephakeme yempilo yenkomo yenziwe nge-fiberglass, idwetshwe futhi iboniswe emigwaqweni yamadolobha amakhulu. Bese bathengiswa, futhi imali iya enhlanganweni.

Izinkomo ze-Red-motley zakhiwe ukuze zithole ubisi obukhulu. Yilokhu okuheha abalimi abaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane ezinjalo azizithobeki, ngesimo sokuthula, isikhathi eside zigcina ikhono lokuzala. Ngokunakekelwa kahle nokudla, bayoninika ubisi oluhlwabusayo futhi obuphilile.