Kunabo bonke abalimi bayazi ukuthi incazelo yegama elithi "clostridiosis" lisho zonke izinhlobo zezifo ezibangelwa izinhlobo ezithile ze-clostridia. Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingase zifane, futhi zingase zihluke kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga inkinga ngesikhathi esifanele bese uyilungisa. Ake sithole ukuthi yini i-clostridioses ezinkampanini, ngoba yiziphi izimpawu ezingakunqunywa, indlela yokuphatha nokuthi yini okufanele uyazi ngezinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Kuyini izinkomo ze-clostridia
Ngaphansi kwencazelo ejwayelekile yama-clostridioses kusho izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa i-clostridia. Lezi zifo ezithathelisayo ezinezikhathi ezinzima, okugcina ziholela ekufeni kwezinkomo. Zonke izinambuzane zezifo ezinjalo ziyi-anaerobic, futhi zikhona kalula zomhlabathi nomquba, noma emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxabano zabo zingase zibe khona emathunjini abantu abaphilile emitholampilo, ngaphandle kokuzibonakalisa isikhathi eside. 
I-tetanus, i-botulism, i-edema emangalisa, i-emcar ne-anaerobic enterotoxemia ibhekwa njengezifo eziyinhloko zeqembu le-clostridial.okuyinto evame ukutholakala hhayi kuphela ukukhiqiza mass imfuyo, kodwa futhi emapulazini amancane ezizimele.
Izimbangela zokutheleleka
Izimbangela ze-clostridiosis emzimbeni zihlale zikhona amagciwane - ama-microorganisms we-genus Clostridium, ehlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-100 zama-bacteria. C. botulinum (kubangelwa i-botulism), i-C. tetani (i-agent causative ye-tetanus), i-C. chauvoei (igalelo ekuthuthukiseni izifo ze-emcar), i-C. perfringens ne-C. septicum, eholela e-edema enonya ne-anaerobic enterotoxemia ezilwaneni, kubhekwa njengeziningi ezifuywayo ezinkomo.
Uyazi? Eziningi zezifo ezikhona namuhla kwi-clostridioses zazikhona ezikhathini zasendulo naseNkathini Ephakathi, nakuba izimbangela nezinambuzane zabo azizange ziziwe masinyane esintwini. Ngokuyinhloko, uHippocrates wayehilelekile ekuhloleni isithombe somtholampilo se-tetanus, futhi ulwazi lokuqala olubhalwe ngokuphathelene ne-botulism lwavela ngemva kokutheleleka kwabantu abaningi aseByzantium yangaphakathi.
Kunemithombo eminingi yokutheleleka nabo, okokuqala, yilezi:
- isilwane esigulayo noma ngisho nomuntu, ngemikhiqizo ye-wastestridia lapho i-clostridia ingena ngqo kumuntu onempilo (indlela yokudla noma yokuthintana nomndeni).
- inhlabathi noma umthombo wamanzi lapho i-pathogen ingaba khona isikhathi eside ngokwanele;
- ukudla nokudla okusala ukuthi, kanye nama-bacteria, angene emzimbeni wesilwane esinempilo;
- igazi lomuntu onegciwane, uphethwe impilo enempilo.
Zonke lezi zizathu zivame ukuchazwa ngokuphulwa okulodwa kuphela komlimi - okungukuthi ukugcinwa kwezindinganiso zangasese nokuhlanzeka ekunakekeleni izinkomo, nakuba kuvame ukuthi isizathu sokusabalala kwesifo noma yisiphi isifo ukwephula izidingo zezinqubo zezilwane ezenziwa.
Zijwayeze ngezifo ezivamile kanye namaphethini wokugoma.
Izimpawu zomtholampilo
Izimpawu ezicacile zalesi sifo zixhomeke kulohlobo lwazo nendlela yokufaka ngayo. Eziningi zezinkomo zinegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, futhi cishe zonke izimo kukhona ukudakwa komzimba onomonakalo emaphethelweni emathunjini kanye nesimiso sezinzwa zomuntu onesifo. Phakathi kwezibonakaliso ezivamile kakhulu ze-clostridiosis kukhona i-convulsive syndrome, ukukhubazeka kwemisipha, ukubukeka kwe-edema nokuvuvukala, isifo sohudo.
Ezinye izifo zingahle zidideke (isibonelo, i-edema embi ne-carphycle emphysemate), kodwa kunezifo ezingafani neze nabanye (isibonelo, izibonakaliso ze-tetanus zivame ukuzibonakalisa ngokwazo ngokuxubana nokukhubazeka kwezicubu zangaphakathi futhi ngokuvamile isikhathi eside zingabonakali ngaphandle). Cabangela izimpawu zomunye wabo eduze.
| Lesi sifo | I-agent ye-Causative | Ukushisa komzimba wesilwane esinegciwane | Izinguquko ezingokoqobo | Izimpawu ezihlobene |
| I-Botulism | Bacterium C. botulinum | Ayishintshi, ngaphakathi kwemingcele evamile | Isilwane sibheka ukudla isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile, kepha asihambisani nendawo, ngenkathi amanzi ephuma emakhaleni. | Ukungaxhunyiwe kwemali enkulu, ukuchithwa okusheshayo komzimba, isifo sohudo, ubumpumputhe obuyingxenye kungenzeka. |
| I-Tetanus | Bacterium C. tetani | Ayishintshi, ngaphakathi kwemingcele evamile | Imisipha iba nzima kakhulu, kunezinkinga eziningi, ukukhubazeka, mhlawumbe ukukhukhumeza okukhulu. | Kunezinkinga emsebenzini wesimiso sokugaya, kuhlanganise nokukhubazeka kwemisipha yokuhlafuna. Isimo jikelele - ujabule. |
| I-Edema engalungile | Amabhaktheriya ezinhlobo S. septicum, S. novyi, C. perfringens. | Ukwanda kwamazinga ambalwa kunokwenzeka, kodwa kaningi kaningi ngaphakathi kwemingcele evamile. | Ukuqoqwa kobuciko obunzima emathisini angaphansi, okuholela ekuvupheni nase-crepitus ngesikhathi sokuphuza. | Isimo esiphezulu sesilwane esiguliwe sicindezelekile, isifiso sinciphisa, inani lenhliziyo liyakhula, ukuphefumula kuyaba njalo. Ngezinsuku ezingu-3-5 umuntu ogulayo uyaphela. |
| Emkar | Bacterium C. chauvoei | Yanda ku- + 41 ... +42 ° C | I-limp, inqwaba yezilwane iyabonakala. I-edema yasendaweni eshisayo isheshe ishintshwe yi-swellings ehlwithayo echithekile ephazamisa ukukhanya. Uma uvula indawo ethintekile, i-rancid, i-exudate engcolile izovela. Emanzini, ukukhukhumeza kungase kungabonakali. | Ukudla kunciphisa, kubhekene nobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokuphefumula. Isilwane sinobucayi futhi sicindezelekile. |
| I-anaerobic enterotoxemia | Bacterium C. perfringens | Yanda ku- + 41 ... +42 ° C | Ukudidiyelwa kokunyakaza kuphazamiseka, ukulahlekelwa kwesilinganiso kanye nama-spasms spasms. Ngokuvamile, abantu abasha bayathinteka. | Ukuvuthwa nokuphefumula kuyaqhubeka njalo, umsebenzi nokudla kunciphisa, kukhona ukukhululwa kwezixuku ezinamahloni ezinwabuzelayo ngegazi nokungcola okuphazamisayo. |
Kubalulekile! Ngisho nangaphambi kwazo zonke izimpawu ezichazwe zesifo ezinkomeni, udokotela kuphela ongenza ukuxilongwa kokugcina. Kufanele anikeze imithi yokwelapha.
Ukuhlonza
Indlela enembile kunayo yonke yokuthola i-clostridioses yi-test laboratory ye-biomaterial, evame ukutholakala ezilwaneni ezifile noma ezigulayo. Izingxenye zezitho ezithintekayo, izixuku ze-fecal kanye nama-mucous, igazi, ngisho nengxenye yamathumbu kanye nokuqukethwe kwayo kungenza njengesampula. Kulezi zifo ezingenhla kunezici zayo zokuxilongwa.
| Lesi sifo | Izinto zokuhlola ukuhlolwa kwelabhoretri | Indlela yokucwaninga | Izifo ezihlukile okudingeka zifakwe ngaphandle |
| I-Botulism | Igazi lesilwane esigulayo, izixube zokudla, okuqukethwe kwesisu, izinhlayiya zesibindi zezidumbu zesilwane. | Sesha ama-toxins ane-bioassay esilandelayo. | Ukudla kwesifo, i-rabies, i-anthrax, i-listeriosis, i-ketosis. |
| I-Tetanus | Izindawo zokulimaza ezithintekayo zesikhumba. | Ukusesha nokwaziswa kwe-agent causative yalesi sifo, ukukhululwa kwe-toxin yayo kanye nesampula kumagundane. | AmaRabi, ukudakwa kokudla, i-tetany ezinkolweni zobisi. |
| I-Edema engalungile | I-exudate ye-pathological, izinhlayiya zezingxenye ezithintekile. | Ucwaningo olusebenzisa i-microscope smears iziprints, amasampula kuma-laboratory amagundane, ukutshalwa kwe-pathogen. | Emkar, i-anthrax. |
| Emkar | Izingxenyana zezicubu zomzimba ezithintekayo | Isampula yezinto eziphilayo, isib | I-edema embi, i-anthrax. |
| I-anaerobic enterotoxemia | Ingxenye encane yamathumbu, kanye nokuqukethwe kwayo | Usesho lwe-Toxin nokukhomba | I-Pasteurellosis, i-poisoning yokudla, i-emkar. |
Kubalulekile! Ukuqoqwa kwezinto eziphilayo ukuhlaziywa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngumchwepheshe futhi kuhambisane nazo zonke izindinganiso zangasese nezokuhlanzeka, ngaphandle kwalokho imiphumela ayikwazi ukubhekwa njengokwethenjelwa.
Izindlela zomzabalazo kanye nokwelapha
Ukuxilongwa kwe-clostridiosis ethile sekuyisiqalo sokulwa nalo, ngoba kuphela ukuhlonza okunembile kwezinto eziphilayo nezidakamizwa ezibakhululayo kungenzeka ukukhuluma ngokuphathwa okwanele. Isilwane esigulayo kumele sihlukaniswe nayo yonke imfuyo bese siqala ukwelashwa, okuzohlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwesifo:
- I-Botulism Emagabeni okuqala ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo, kuyoba usizo ukugeza isisu sezilwane, besebenzisa isisombululo se-bicarbonate soda (thatha i-30 g ngamanzi angu-15 l), bese ujoba isisombululo se-sodium chloride ngezikhathi ezithile (cishe 2 l kabili ngosuku). Ngenkambo yesikhathi eside yaleso sifo kanye nokukhathala komzimba, ukuphathwa kwe-glucose engama-40% kunconywa, futhi i-caffeine ivunyelwe ukugcina umsebenzi wenhliziyo. Umlomo wesilwane ungahlanzwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Ukwelashwa okuqondile kwezinkomo kuyisisetshenziswa se-anti-tumbling, kodwa kuyosebenza kuphela uma kwenzeka ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanele, ezinyathelweni zokuqala zesifo.
- I-Tetanus. Njengokwesikhashana esidlule, kubalulekile ukucacisa lesi sifo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka bese wethula i-antitoxin (ngesilinganiso sama 80,000 A.E.). I-hydrate ye-chloral ifanelekele indima yemithi yokwelashwa, futhi izidakamizwa nezidakamizwa zizosiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zesifo, ukusheshisa inqubo yokuthola umzimba.
- I-Edema engalungile. Indlela eyinhloko yokwelashwa ukuvula lesi sifo ukuze umoya okhulu ngangokunokwenzeka unikezwe endaweni ethintekile, enomthelela omubi ekuphindaphindeni kwamabhaktheriya. Amanxeba avulekile angaphathwa nge-peroxide noma isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, kanye nokuphathwa kwe-intramuscular esisodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa se-norsulfazole, i-chloroacid, i-penicillin, izidakamizwa ze-furatsillinovyh. I-caffeine, izixazululo ze-isotonic ze-sodium chloride kanye ne-camphor serum ephathwe ngendlela ephathekayo isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa okuyisimangaliso.
- Emkar Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwalesi sifo, akukhona njalo ukuthi kungenzeka ukuphendula okusheshayo kokwelapha. Ngokuvamile, abantu ngabanye banqunywe inkambo yama-antibiotic, okuphakathi kwawo i-penicillin, i-streptomycin (ephathwe nge-intramuscularly kathathu ngosuku ukuthuthukisa isimo), i-amoxicillin, i-lincomycin, ne-tetracyclines yindawo yokuqala. Ukungenelela okuhlinzekwa ngaphakathi kwendawo kungenzeka, ngokungaxhunyiwe kwamathishu afile, ukufakwa kwamanzi nokugezwa ngezixazululo ze-disinfecting.
- I-anaerobic enterotoxemia. Ekuqaleni kwesifo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-serum antitoxic kunikeza imiphumela emihle, kuhlanganiswa nezidakamizwa - ama-antibiotic kanye nama-sulfa compounds. Akuyona into engadingekile futhi kuyoba izidakamizwa ezenza kube nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yesisu.
Funda kabanzi ngezindlela zokulawula nomgomo wokulwa ne-emphysematous carbuncle ezinkomeni.
Okungukuthi cishe cishe zonke izimo, ukwelashwa okuqondile usebenzisa i-serum ekhethekile idlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni ukwelashwa, kanti ukwelashwa kwe-antimicrobial usebenzisa i-biomycin, i-chlorotetracycline, i-ampicillin ne-sulfadimezine kuzosiza ekwandiseni isenzo saso futhi ngokushesha ukubeka isilwane ezinyaweni zayo. Uma kwenzeka izilonda zendawo, ukwelashwa kwezindawo ezithintekile nokususwa okwesikhashana kwezicubu ezifile kuyimpoqo. Uma inqubo yokuvuvukala ibamba izingxube ezijulile zezicubu zomzimba, izijovo eziyindilinga zisebenzisa i-hydrogen peroxide, i-lysol noma i-phenol ingasiza.
Ukuvimbela
Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-clostridiosis kulula ukuvimbela kunokuzama ukubhekana nalo phakathi kwesifo. Indlela eyinhloko yokuvimbela ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa kwezigciwane ezihlukahlukene, okubhekwa ngendlela efanele kunazo zonke izindlela zokugcina impilo nempilo yezilwane. 
Noma kunjalo, lokhu akusona kuphela okuvimbela ukulwa nalezi zifo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhambisana neminye imithetho yokuvimbela:
- njalo uhambisane nezindinganiso zangasese lapho ugcina izinkomo;
- ukukhipha imishanguzo njalo emgodini, ngokuhlanza ngokuphelele yonke indawo;
- sebenzisa kuphela ukudla okuphezulu kwekhwalithi;
- ukuhlela ukufuywa kwezilwane kude nezindawo zamathuna noma izindawo ezinegciwane;
- yenza ukuhlanza okujwayelekile ukuhlanza usebenzisa imishini efanelekayo;
- lapho amacala okuqala e-clostridiosis atholakala epulazini, akuvunyelwe ukuthatha izilwane ngaphandle kwensimu noma ukungenisa imfuyo entsha kuyo;
- i-autopsy ngenjongo yokwelashwa okuqhubekayo kufanele yenziwe kuphela emangcwabeni akhethekile noma emashumini, futhi emva kokuhlolwa ngokuphelele izingxenye zesidumbu (kanye nesikhumba) kufanele zishiswe.
Uyazi? Inkabi inikeza ubisi kuphela ukuze igcwalise ithole layo, ngakho-ke uma umninimhlaba efuna ukuthola njalo okwanele kulo mzimba, uzodingeka amphathe naye njalo ngonyaka. Kunezimo lapho izinkomo zibeletha izikhathi ezingu-18 empilweni yazo.
Ama-clostridioses ezinkomo ahlale efuna ukusabela ngokushesha komlimi, kungenjalo kungase kube nokuwa okukhulu kwemfuyo kanye nokuchitha imfucuza. Njalo qapha ngokucophelela impilo nokuziphatha kwezilwane, futhi ngokusola okuncane ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi uvikelekile futhi ubize udokotela wezilwane.
