Ukukhethwa kwemfuyo epulazini akumele kusekelwe kuphela ezimeni ezikhiqizayo nezangaphandle zezilwane, kodwa futhi nokufaneleka kwendawo yokuhlala kanye nezimo ikakhulukazi kulezi zilwane.
Cabanga ukuthi yiziphi izinkomo ezifanele kakhulu ukuzalanisa esifundeni saseBelgorod.
Izinhlanga ezidumile zezinkomo zesifunda saseBelgorod
Ukulima kuthandwa kakhulu kule ndawo. Ngokuqondene nezinkomo ezizalisayo, kunezinhlobo eziningana ezidumile zezilwane ezifuywayo kule ndawo: Holstein, red-motley kanye nezinhlobo ze-Simmental. Ukuze uzalise, kufanele wazi izici zezinhlobo ezithile. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ngalunye uhlanga.
Golshtinsky
Uhlobo lwe-Holstein luvame kakhulu eMhlabeni wonke. Ihlanganisa izimfanelo zombili zobisi nezinyama. 
Umlando we-Inference
Phakathi nekhulu le-19, umlimi waseMelika, i-Winsrop Chenery, wathenga izilwane eziningana ezimnyama ezimnyama zaseYurophu. Lezi zilwane zazikhiqize kakhulu ubisi, ngakho umlimi wamema abalimi ukuba bandise le mfanelo.
Kungenzeka kube usizo ukujwayela incazelo yezinkomo zeHolstein.
Ngo-1871, kwasungulwa iqembu lokutadisha izinkomo zaseHolstein-Frisian, ezazibandakanyeka ekuthuthukiseni abantu, ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhiqizeni lezi zinhlobo ezithile. Ngokushesha lezi zilwane zadumile kulo lonke elase-United States. Ngo-1983, isinqumo ngegama elisemthethweni lamukelwa - isizwe saseHolstein.
Ukubukeka
Ukubukeka kwalezi zinkomo kuphawulekayo: banombala omnyama we-motley, ongase uhluke ngokuphelele kumuntu ngamunye. Isibonelo, ithole lingabalwa elizobe limnyama ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwama-specks amancane amhlophe angacabangi. 
Ngaphezu kokukhiqizwa ubisi oluphakeme, lezi zinyosi zinesisindo esikhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, owesifazane unesilinganiso esingu 750 kg, inkunzi - 950 kg. Kodwa uma inhloso yokuzalisa lezinkomo yinyama, khona-ke ingahlushwa futhi ifike ku-1200 kg.
Uyazi? Inkabi kakhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, okuthiwa i-Mount Katadin, isisindo esingu-2270 kg.Ukuphakama ekubundeni kwezinkunzi kuyi-160 cm, kanti lezinsikazi ziyi-145 cm. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo siyisifuba namathanga amakhulu. Ubude bomzimba buphakathi: izinkunzi zikhula zibe yi-1.7 m, abesifazane - kufika ku-1.5 m.
Ividiyo: okuqukethwe kwezinkomo ezingenalutho kwe-Holstein zohlobo
Izimfanelo ezikhiqizayo
Lolu hlobo luyathandwa kakhulu ngoba lunamazinga aphezulu kakhulu okukhiqiza.
Ukukhiqizwa ubisi ngonyaka: cishe 10 000 kg.
Inani lobisi ngosuku: cishe l.
Ubumnandi obisi: elimnandi, elimnandi.
Amafutha omncuba: 2,7-3 %.
Inani lamaprotheni ebisi: 3-3,5 %.
Ukuhlonipha ukutholakala kwesisindo: ephezulu - ezinyangeni eziyi-15 bayathola cishe u-380 kg.
Ukuhlatshwa inyama: cishe 60% ngesisindo senkunzi. 
Ngakho-ke, lezi zinkomo zinezilinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezinkomo ngokwezithelo zenyama, isisindo nobisi.
Sincoma ukuthi uthole ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokucubungula kanye nezinhlobo zobisi lwezinkomo, kanye nokucabangela izici zobisi obandayo bokubisi.
I-Red-motley
Inkomo ebomvu nelomhlophe inezici ezifanayo nokuzalwa kweHolstein, ngoba ukhetho luvela kuye.
Umlando we-Inference
Izinkomo zaseHolstein zinezakhi ezifuywayo, okuyinto kwezinye izimo ezinikeza amathole abomvu. Ukuqaphela lokhu, ababelethi banquma ukuletha izinhlobo ezihlukile ngale mbala. Ngo-1998, ukubeletha nokubomvu kwakubhalwe ngokusemthethweni encwadini yokufunda. 
Ukubukeka
Izilwane zalolu hlobo zikhulu kakhulu futhi ziphakeme: inkomo isisindo esingu-650 kg, inkunzi inesisindo esingu 700-800 kg, kanti ukuphakama emakhaleni wesifazane kuyinto 145 cm kanye nenkunzi 160 cm. Lezi zimpondo zinomkhuhlane omkhulu, ngokuvamile u-5-7 cm ngaphezulu kunamathanga.
Kubalulekile! Ngokudla okungavamile, inkomo ngeke nje isisindo, kepha ngeke inike ubisi noma.
Umbala ubizwa ngokuthi i-motley ebomvu, futhi isilwane ngokwayo siphezulu ngokubomvu ngamagqabunga amhlophe angahluka ngokuphelele. Ukuma kwesibindi kungumfanekiso wekhamera, ubukhulu bayo buphakathi. 
Izimfanelo ezikhiqizayo
Izakhiwo ezikhiqizayo zalolu hlobo zikhonjiswe ngezinkomba ezilandelayo.
Ukukhiqizwa ubisi ngonyaka: cishe 8 500 kg.
Inani lobisi ngosuku: cishe 17 l.
Ubumnandi obisi: okugcwele kakhulu kunezinkomo zeHolstein, kodwa futhi kunomnandi.
Amafutha omncuba: 3,8-4 %.
Inani lamaprotheni ebisi: 3,5 %.
Ukuhlonipha ukutholakala kwesisindo: ubude - ithole elineminyaka eliphakathi lingaba ngu-480 kg.
Ukuhlatshwa inyama: cishe 50-60%. 
Izinkomba zingahluka kuye ngemfuyo kanye nekhwalithi yokudla.
Simmental
Uhlobo lwe-Simmental luyaziwa ngokuhlanganisa izici ezimbili eziyinhloko - ukhiqiza ubisi nokuhlatshwa inyama. Lezi zikhombisi ezimbili ziphakeme kakhulu.
Umlando we-Inference
Umlando wokuzalanisa awukwazi ngokuqinisekile, kodwa kunezinguqulo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Owokuqala uthi lezi zinkomo ziyinzalo yezivakashi zasendle, ziwela ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkomo zaseSwitzerland. Imibiko yesibili ukuthi la mahomoni ayinzalo yezinkomo zaseScandinavia, eza eSwitzerland ngekhulu le-V.
Uyazi? Uhlobo lwe-Simmental lungenye yezindala kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Igama lezinkomo livela emfuleni waseSwitzerland uSimme, emabhange lapho izilwane zazivame ukudla khona. 
Ukubukeka
Umbala walezi zintwane unomfutho noma ukhilimu, nge-tinge yama-orange enezimpawu ezimhlophe ngokuhlukahluka okuhlukile. Ubude bomzimba obujwayelekile buyi-160 cm, ukuphakama kwama-femal angu-150 cm, kanye namadoda angama-165 cm.
Isifuba sikhulu, sincane, abesilisa banesifuba esicindezelekile. Isisindo sensikazi ngu-600 kg, owesilisa - kusuka ku-800 kuya ku-1000 kg, nakuba ukudla okunamandla kungafinyelela ku-1300 kg.
Abalimi kudingeka bafunde kabanzi mayelana nezinzuzo nezinkinga zezinkomo ze-Simmental.
Izimfanelo ezikhiqizayo Izinhlobo zalolu hlobo zinezimfanelo ezikhiqizayo eziphezulu.
Ukukhiqizwa ubisi ngonyaka: I-7 500 kg, isikhulu esiphezulu sabhalwa ku-12,000 kg.
Inani lobisi ngosuku: cishe amalitha angu-15
Ubumnandi obisi: Ngomoya omnene, ocolile, othakazelisayo omncane. 
Amafutha omncuba: 4,1 %.
Inani lamaprotheni ebisi: 3,3 %.
Ukuhlonipha ukutholakala kwesisindo: isilinganiso - ezinyangeni ezingu-18 ubudala ngu-343 kg.
Ukuhlatshwa inyama: 55 %.
Isici esihlaba umxhwele kakhulu esihlukanisa abantu bakulesi sizwe kusuka kwabanye kunambitheka obumnene futhi okuyingqayizivele ubisi, okhokho abadla utshani emahlathini ase-Alpine.
Ukunakekela nokondla izinkomo ekhaya
Amagceke akhe adinga ukuqinisekisa izimo zokuphila ezihle: lena igumbi eliphambili, elinomoya omuhle, elinenani elanele lokukhanya, ebusika kufanele lishiswe.
Vumelana, esinye sezici ezithinta impumelelo yokukhulisa izinkomo, yizimo ezikhululekile zokuboshwa. Funda indlela yokwakha inqolobane, nendlela yokwenza i-corral ne-ventilation egodini ngezandla zakho.
Ukunakekela izilwane kuhluke kuye ngenkathi. Ehlobo, kubalulekile ukuwahlomisa nge-canopy ukuze isilwane singekho ilanga isikhathi eside, kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala njalo kwamanzi. Izinkomo zofuzo emadlelweni kufanele zibe kabili ngosuku. Ebusika, umgodi kufanele ufudumale kahle, kodwa usenomoya wokuphuza umoya. 
Ukuvunwa kwesilwane kufanele kwenziwe njengoba kungcolile, ngoba amabhaktheriya athula ngokushesha kakhulu endaweni enjalo. Izinkunzi zihlanza kuphela ehlobo, kepha abesifazane kudingeka bahlanze umbele ngaphambi nangemva kokubamba. Ngesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukuba uhlole izilwane ukuze uthole izifo ngesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi.
Bondla izilwane izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku, isisekelo sokudla yikudla okusanhlamvu (okusanhlamvu, izitshalo, ikhekhe lamafutha), kanye nokudla okunomsoco (utshani, izimpande zezitshalo) kanye namaqabunga (hay).
Funda mayelana nokuthi ungadla kanjani izinkomo ezomile nobisi.
Ngakho-ke, singaphetha ngokuthi esifundeni saseBelgorod kunezinhlobo eziningana zenkomo, ezinamazinga aphezulu kokubili kokukhiqiza ubisi nemifino. Lezi zilwane azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile futhi ziphikisana nezifo.
