Izinkomo ze-Bestuzhev ziyizilwane ezinamandla ezinomkhiqizo ophezulu kanye namakhono afanelekayo okuguquguquka. Babonakala ensimini yombuso waseRussia, ngakho-ke, uyakwazi ukubekezelela izimo zezulukazi zezwekazi kahle.
Umlando wokubeletha nencazelo
I-Bestuzhevskaya izinkomo zezinkomo zingenye yezindawo ezindala kunazo zonke endaweni yeSoviet. Wabuyiselwa emuva ngo-1780.
Umsuka
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, izinkomo zezilwane zaseDutch kanye nabamele abakwaSimmental zalethwa eYurophu. Zonke izilwane zanikezwa ngumfuyi S.P. Bestuzhev. Ngokulandelayo, uBestuzhev wadlulela izinhlobo ezivela ezweni lazo, ngenkathi ekhetha izinkomo ngokukhiqiza ngokucophelela. 
Ngenxa yokwehlukana okunjalo, wakwazi ukuthola izilwane ezinamandla eziphikisana nezifo.
Abalimi kufanele bacabangele inyama ejwayelekile kakhulu kanye nezinhlobo zezimbuzi: Izinyoni zaseCaucasus, iSychevskaya, Schwyz, Yakut neKrasnogorbatov.
Standard
Izici eziyinhloko zangaphandle zohlobo:
- ukuphakama kumile ufinyelela ngamasentimitha angu-135;
- ubude be-slanting - kufika ku-160 centimeters;
- sondeza inkomba ingahluka kusuka ku-115 kuya ku-118;
- inkomba ye-bony - cishe abangaba ngu-15;
- i-girth yesifuba kufinyelela kumamitha angu-194;
- intamo - ubukhulu obuphakathi, ngokulingana nenhloko;
- udder - ithambile kakhulu, usayizi ophakathi futhi unesizotha esihle.
Izinkomba Zokudla Nezilwane
Izinkomba zenyama zalolu hlobo ziphakeme kakhulu, kwezinye izimo isisindo senkomo sifinyelela ku-800 kg, kanti nenkunzi - 1200 kg. Izinkomba eziyinhloko zokusebenza kohlobo lwe-Bestuzhev lunikezwa etafuleni elingezansi.
| Igama | Inkomba |
| Ukukhiqizwa ubisi ngonyaka | Amathani ayi-4 |
| Ukudla ubisi | I-soft, ngaphandle kokunambitheka okubukhali |
| Amafutha | 4 % |
| Amaphrotheni | Kufika ku-3.5% |
| Isilinganiso sokuzuza kwesisindo | 700-900 amagremu ngosuku |
| Ukuhlatshwa inyama | Kufika ku-60% |
| Ikhwalithi yenyama | Phezulu |
Izinzuzo nokuqeda
Izinkomo zalolu hlobo zinezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- ukungathobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa nokudla;
- babe nezinga eliphakeme lokukhuthazela;
- ukumelana nezifo ezihlukahlukene;
- akukho okunye okubangelwa yi-leukemia nesifo sofuba;
- ubisi obukhulu kakhulu;
- umsebenzi wokukhulisa kahle.
Uyazi? Uma bonke abantu bebekwe eceleni kwesilinganiso, futhi zonke izinkomo nezinkunzi zishaywe okwesibili, isisindo esiphezulu samahomoni sizoba kathathu isisindo sabantu.
Abamele bobuhlanga beBastuzhev bengekho ngaphandle kokushiyeka, okubandakanya:
- Izitho zezintambo ezinama-saber;
- uphahla lwe-sacrum;
- ukukhulelwa ngemuva kwamahlombe ehlombe.
Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa
Lezi zinkomo, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, zingathobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukukhulisa imfuyo ngeke kube nzima, ngisho nangokuqala.
Vumelana, esinye sezici ezithinta impumelelo yokukhulisa izinkomo, yizimo ezikhululekile zokuboshwa. Funda indlela yokwakha inqolobane, nendlela yokwenza i-corral ne-ventilation egodini ngezandla zakho.
Indawo yokudlala yasehlobo
Izizathu zehlobo zenkomo zibalulekile ngoba zihlinzeka kahle ngokudla nokukhiqiza ubisi. Amakamelo asehlobo azinhlaka zokwakha izigxobo kanye namapenki alandelayo. Izingosi ezinjalo zitholakala emadlelweni, okuyinto futhi, enikeza ukutholakala okuhlala njalo emfuyweni yokhula.
Kufanele kuthiwa uphahla luyingxenye ebalulekile yalezi zakhiwo, ngoba zizovikela izilwane ekukheni. Indawo yokudlala ehlobo, nakuba idinga izindleko ezinkulu zokwakha, kodwa esikhathini esizayo kusiza ukunciphisa izindleko zokugcinwa kwemfuyo nokunakekelwa. 
Ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo
Ezingxenyeni, kuphakanyiswa ukusebenzisa abanikazi bokugada, abahlukanisa ngokusho uhlobo lokudla: kokudla okumanzi nokudla. Okubaluleke kunayo yonke amandla okushisa, utshani noma ubukhulu obuhlaza, futhi akudingekile ukuhlomisa umphakeli okhethekile wokudla okumanzi, ngoba ibhakede noma umkhombe ungabhekana kalula nendima yawo.
Inketho engcono kakhulu - isitsha sokukhuni, kodwa i-plywood, i-chipboard nezinye izingodo akuyona into engathandeki ukuyisebenzisa ngenxa ye-fragility yabo. Ubude be-tank kufanele bube okungenani ngu-80 cm, futhi bunesimo - i-trapezoid, ene-wide range phezulu.
Sincoma ukuthi ufunde mayelana nokwenza abaphuza izinkomo ngezandla zabo.
Inguqulo elula kakhulu yesiphuzo ibuye ibhakede elifanayo noma umgogodla. Yiqiniso, amancane kakhulu, ngakho-ke adinga isikhathi sokugcwalisa okuphindaphindiwe (okuphindaphindiwe) phakathi nosuku. 
Ungaphinda wenze umkhombe wokuphuza ovela emgqonyeni wensimbi noma epulasitiki wesigaba esikhulu, usike ngesigamu. Lolu khetho luzonciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi, ikakhulukazi uma uletha emanzini okuhambisa amanzi kanye nokuthuthwa kwamanzi.
Iphansi ngokuvamile lenziwe ngekhonkrithi noma samente, kodwa njengoba lezi zinto zibandayo, zihlanganiswa ngamapayipi ahlukahlukene ezixhobo ezilandelayo:
- i-sawdust;
- ukusika utshani;
- utshani
Kunconywa ukuba usebenzise izitini ezibhakawe phansi ezifudumele kunamakhementi. Ukuze izinkomo zingaguli kangako, ochwepheshe batusa ukwakha izinkomo ezigodini ezigodini, ngoba azipholi ngokushesha futhi ziningi umoya.Kubalulekile! Ukunambitheka ubisi kuncike kulokho inkomo idla khona. Uma ungeza ukudlwengula ukuze ukondle, ukunambitheka kuyoba okubukhali kancane, njengesithombo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha ubukhulu benqolobane, kuye ngokuthi inani lemfuyo. Kuhlobo lokubophezela, umcengezi kufanele ube nokulinganisa okulandelayo:
- umuntu oyedwa omdala - ubude obufinyelela kumamitha amabili, nobubanzi kuya ku-1.2 wamamitha;
- inkomo enezinyane - kuze kube ngamamitha amabili ubude, ububanzi bamamitha angu-1.5;
- Amathole, ubukhulu besitembu sincane kakhulu - ubude kufanele bube ngamamitha ayi-1.5, ububanzi bube ngamamitha ayi-1;
- inkunzi idinga isiteji kuze kube yi-1.5 metres ubude futhi ububanzi bamamitha ayi-1.3;
- Ukuphakama okuphelele kwekamelo kumele kube ngaphansi kwamamitha angu-2.5.
Izimo zokuboshwa
Naphezu kokuba izinkomo zeBestuzhev zingathobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa, kubalulekile ukugcina izinyathelo ezithile nezindlela. Ukuqapha okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe ekuhlanzeni umgodla, okufanele uyenze njalo. Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, kufanele usebenzise ukuhlanza okhethekile kanye nama-agent wokuvimbela ukubulala amagciwane okuzosiza ukugwema izifo ezihlukahlukene emfuyweni.
Ngokuqinisekile kuyoba usizo kuwe ukuba uzijwayeze ngezinzuzo nezinkinga zezindlu ezikhungethweyo zezinkomo.
Umbuso wokushisa kufanele uqaphelwe ngokucophelela: ehlobo kubalulekile ukuba uqhume njalo, futhi ngesikhathi sebusika - ukuhlinzeka ngomile nokufudumala. Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu emgodini kuwu + 8 ... +20 ° ะก, futhi umswakama u-70%.
Ochwepheshe batusa nsuku zonke ukuthi bahlole bonke abantu ukuze bangaphuthelwa ukuqala kwezimpawu zesifo esingenzeka. Ehlobo, kubalulekile ukuthi uvame ukuvumela izilwane ukuba zidle, njengoba zikwazi ukuhambisa okuningi futhi zithole amavithamini namaminerali adingekayo ngokudla izitshalo zemifino. 
Inqolobane kufanele ifakwe isistimu yokungena umoya ozohlinzeka ngomoya omusha futhi ihlukumeze umuntu omile. Uhlelo lwe-ventilation lungaba nomklamo olula, into esemqoka ukusebenza kwayo. Okuvame ukusetshenziselwa uhlelo lokuhlinzeka nokuphumula lwama-ventilation systems, kanye nokwenyuka kwemvelo ngokwamafasitela neminyango.
Kubalulekile! Imfuyo yezinkomo eziseBestuzhev zibucayi kakhulu ekushicileleni kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi, ngakho-ke kufanele kunakekelwe ukufudumala inqolobane ngaphambi kwemvula.
Ukuhlanzwa njalo kwesitembu kanye nokusungula
Kuye ngezici zokuklama zendawo yokugada, ihlanzwa futhi izakhi zishintshwa. Uma kunesitezi sokhuni esiteshini, kufanele sithathwe endaweni eyodwa ngemva kweminyaka engu-3-4, ngoba kulesi sikhathi abahlulekayo. Ukuhlanza igumbi kumquba kumele kwenziwe izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku ngaphambi kokubamba.
Abondla nabaphuzi kufanele bahlanzwe njalo ngokushesha uma kunokuvinjelwa noma ukuqhuma kokudla. I-fodder endala kumele isuswe futhi ilahlwe, isuse esikhundleni sayo ngokudla okusha, ngoba izinkomo zingagula ngokudla okuyisidlo. I-Flooring ishintshiwe njengoba kudingeka. Ochwepheshe bathi i-flooring kufanele ishintshwe kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka, njalo iseza izinto ezintsha. 
Yini ongayidla
Ukudla kwezinkomo kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo kunezici ezithile kuye ngokuthi inkathi.
Funda mayelana nokuthi ungadla kanjani izinkomo ezomile.
Ihlobo lihamba edlelweni
Ehlobo, izindleko zokudla ziyanciphisa kakhulu, njengoba izilwane zichitha isikhathi esiningi emadlelweni. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ayikho izitshalo ezilimazayo nezinobuhlungu emadlelweni. Into eyingozi kakhulu ezitshalweni zezinkomo yilezi:
- Isihlahla sogwadule - kubangela izinkomo ze-colic esiswini nasesifo;
- ledum marsh - kubangela ukukhubazeka kwemilenze nenhliziyo, isimiso sezinzwa;
- inkemba yamathole - kubangele ukuhlukumeza okukhulu, ukuthuthumela kanye ne-tympanitis. Kungabangela ukufa okusheshayo kwesilwane;
- black henbane - kubangelwa i-tympanitis ezinkomeni;
- i-hemlock icwecwe - kubangela ukukhubazeka kwesimiso sezinzwa emfuyweni.
Enye yezitshalo eziyingozi kunazo zonke izinkomo ze-euonymus. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ukudla emadlelweni ngeke kuvumele izinkomo ukuba zithole uhla olugcwele lwezinto ezidingekayo, ngakho kufanele zondliwe ngokudla okuhlanganisiwe, kodwa ngobuningi obukhulu kunobusika.Ukungezwani kokushisa kwehlobo
Lapho ubusika ukondla udinga ukunamathela emithethweni elandelayo:
- engeza izitshalo ezitshaliwe nezinye izitshalo kanye ne-silage, okuzokwenza izilwane zibe namandla, futhi zandise ukhiqizwa ubisi;
- engeza ekudleni okungaphezulu okuqukethe amaminerali ne-carotene;
- Ukuze uthuthukise ukungena kokudla ngesikhathi sokubandayo, kubalulekile ukufaka ushukela wezinyosi kwimenyu.
Uyazi? Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwayo, inkomo inikeza izingilazi zobisi ezingu-200 eziyinkulungwane. Umhlambi wezinkomo ezingu-60 uveza ithani lobisi ngosuku.
Umthamo wokudla wamanzi ebusika komuntu omdala kufanele ube kusuka ku-10 kuya ku-12 kilogram ngo-100 kg wesisindo sesilwane, kanye no-hay - kufika ku-1.5 kilogram. Ungakhohlwa ngamanzi, okudingekayo impilo ejwayelekile yenkomo 60-80 amalitha ngosuku. Ngokuqondene nezinkomo zobisi, inani lamanzi kubo kufanele libe lisuka ku-100 kuya ku-150 amalitha. 
Akufanele ukhohlwe ukuhamba ngisho nasebusika. Uma umgwaqo ungabanda kakhulu, khona-ke umhlambi kufanele ube obala kuze kube amahora amathathu ngosuku. Njengoba ujwayeze imfuyo ethile kwimodi ethile, akufanele uliphule, ngoba izinkomo zizolahlekelwa isigqi sabo sezinto eziphilayo futhi umzimba wabo uzothuthukiswa.
Imfuyo yezinkomo eziseBestuzhev zikhiqiza kakhulu futhi zithobekile ekunakekeleni nasekunakekeleni. Ngokumangazayo, ngakho konke ukufaneleka kwabo, basakaze basakaze kahle epulazini le-farmstead - cishe, ihora labo elihle kakhulu lizofika.
