I-Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea) - isitshalo esidumile somndeni uNiktaginovye, weza kithi evela eNingizimu Melika. Isakazeke ngenxa yenkathi ende yezimbali kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuhlobisa.
I-Bougainvillea - hhayi isitshalo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke, sikhula futhi sinakekele ngaphansi kwamandla wabalimi besikhombi.
Uyazi? Imbali ibizwa ngokuthi umhambi waseFrance uLouis Antoine de Bougainville, owaletha lesi sitshalo eYurophu.
I-Bougainvillea: incazelo yesitshalo
Isici sesici se-bougainvillea ukuthi lesi sitshalo, kuye ngokuthi ukusika izihlahla, singakhiwa kokubili njenge-shrub nanjengomvini noma umuthi ojwayelekile.
Akuvamile, kepha amahlumela abukhali namagqabunga aso ovalwe ngezinhloso ezikhomba. Izimbali ezincane, umbala omhlophe, ezungezwe yizinsimbi ezihlukahlukene, ezixhomeke ezihlukahlukene (purple, red, pink, peach, njll).
Ukukhetha indawo yamakhaya ase-bougainvillea
Indawo engcono kakhulu ye-bougainvillea flower yangaphakathi kuyoba ngamafasitela eningizimu nasentshonalanga yendlu noma indlu.
Ngenkathi efudumele, ibhodlela kufanele likhishwe ngezikhathi ezithile emoyeni omusha ukuze isitshalo sithole inani elengeziwe lokukhanya nokusha.
Kodwa-ke, ilanga eliqondile emaqabunga lingabangela ukushisa, ngakho-ke, ezinsukwini zasehlobo ezishisayo kunconywa ukuthunga imbali.
Ukwakhiwa kwenhlabathi yesitshalo
Ezitolo ezikhethekile, ungathenga ingxube yendawo yonke yezitshalo zezimbali noma uzilungiselele. Ukwakhiwa kwenhlabathi ye-bougainvillea kumele kufakwe phakathi kwezilinganiso ezilinganayo:
- i-humus;
- i-peat;
- isihlabathi;
- umhlaba we-sod.
Izimo zokushisa
Ukushisa okufanelekile kakhulu kunombala we-bougainvillea kuyoba ngu-22-30 ° C, futhi esikhathini esizayo kuyoba yi-4-7 ° C.
Ngesikhathi sokunciphisa kwenkathi yokushisa, lesi sitshalo sizochitha amaqabunga ayo. Imifino emisha izovela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Kubalulekile! Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwe-4 ° C, i-bougainvillea ifa.
Ukutshala nokufakelwa kabusha i-bougainvillea
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala imbali siphakathi kwentwasahlobo. I-bougainvillea eyenziwe ngamakhemikhali itshalwe emabhodini ka 1.5-5 l.
Izitshalo ezincane zifakelwa njalo eminyakeni emibili, ubudala - njengoba kudingeka, njalo eminyakeni engu-3-5. Ngaphansi kwe-tank ngokusakazeka kusakaze ungqimba lwamanzi, okuhlanganisa ubumba olwandisiwe, amatshe amancane, izinhlanzi, kanye nenhlanganisela encane yomhlabathi.
Isitshalo esidinga ukufakelwa ukutshala siphuziswa ngokweqile, sithathwe ngokucophelela nge-clod yodaka, futhi sibambe imbali phezulu, sidluliselwa ebhodweni elisha. Khona-ke inhlabathi ingeziwe kwisitsha futhi ihlanganiswe kancane.
Ibanga eliphakathi kwezimpande namadonga ebhodweni kufanele kube okungenani 2-3 cm.
Kubalulekile! Ukwenza isitshalo sigxilwe ngokushesha emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, kufanele sishiye izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokuchelela, emthunzini.
Indlela yokunakekela i-bougainvillea
Ukunakekelwa kwembali yaseBouvillevillea ekhaya kuhlanganisa ukuchelela, ukusika izihlahla kanye nokufaka umquba.
Ukuphuza i-bougainvillea
Ehlobo, i-bougainvillea idinga ukuphuziswa izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayikho umswakama omile embizeni. Amanzi avela emgodini webhodini kufanele agciniwe, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zizoqala ukubola.
Ebusika, sekuwanele ukugcoba inhlabathi kanye namaviki amabili ukuze ugweme ukuma. Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ekamelweni, umswakama omncane udinga isitshalo. Uma i-bougainvillea ishiye amaqabunga, khona-ke ukuchelela kumiswe ngokuphelele.
Ukwakha nokusika izihlahla ze-bougainvillea
Ukusika i-bougainvillea ekhaya akulula.
Ekwindla sekwephuzile - amahlumela abusika asebusika ancishiswe ngesigamu. Entwasahlobo, ukubunjwa kwe-bougainvillea kuyaqhubeka.
Ukuze uqoke kahle i-bougainvillea, ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke emsebenzini, uhlolisiswa ngokucophelela. Kubalulekile ukususa amahlumela awonakele, aphikisiwe, angaphumeleli.
Ehlobo, ngokushesha emva kokuqhakaza, kufanelekile ukusika amagatsha omncane, okuzokwenza ngokushesha ukwakhiwa kwezimbali ezintsha eziluhlaza.
Ukusika kahle i-bougainvillea kungaba, ukushiya amagatsha asebekhulile kunama-3-4 iminyaka, ngoba asuke engekho amahlumela futhi angakhuli kahle.
Ngokusika izihlahla ezifanele, i-bougainvillea ingahle ibe yintando, inhliziyo, nezinye izibalo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, i-bougainvillea inondliwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-10-14. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunconywa ukuba kube neminye imifino engokwemvelo enezingxube eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi nge-nitrogen ngokweqile, amahlumela asetshenziselwa ukukhula akhula ngokwengeziwe, futhi ukwakheka kwezimbali kuyashesha.
Ngakho-ke, phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umanyolo nge-predominance of potassium ne-phosphorus. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, isitshalo asidingi ukudla.
Ukusekela kwe-Stem Bougainvillea
I-Bougainvillea izitshalo zidinga ukwesekwa ukugcina isisindo sayo. Izimbali ezinkulu zizodinga ukunakekelwa kwe-bamboo noma yocingo, kanti izitshalo ezincane zizoba nethusi elanele. Iboshwe ngesigamu, igoqwe ngakwesokudla futhi inamathele emhlabathini phansi kwembali.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-bougainvillea ekhaya
Ukuze usakaze i-bougainvillea, njengombuso, sebenzisa indlela yokuhlwanyela imbewu, ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokunqunywa kwe-air.
Indlela yembewu
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-bougainvillea kusuka emakhaya ekhaya kudinga isikhathi esiningi. Okokuqala, kufanele ulungise inhlabathi, uhlanganise i-peat nesihlabathi ngokulinganisela okulinganako.
Imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala inconywa ukuba igwebe amahora amaningana ekugqugquzela ukukhula. Zibekwa ngokujula cishe ngo-0.5 cm. Ukuze kuhlume, kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lika-25-30 ° C nokuhlinzeka ngokushisa okuncane kwe-tank imbewu.
Amahlumela adinga ukupompa ngezikhathi ngamanzi nokushayela. Uma ukukhiqiza kwenzeka ngesikhathi sasebusika, kubalulekile ukukhanyisa imbewu ngezibani ze-fluorescent. Uma lezi zimo zifinyelelwa, amahlumela azovela ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3.
Izakhiwo ze-Air
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungakwazi ukusakaza i-bougainvillea ngokufaka umoya emoyeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwenye yamahlumela amade yenza amakhethi amaningi amacici. Igatsha linyanyisiwe, izindawo zokusika zihlelwe phezu komhlaba ngebhaksi, bese zifafaza kancane ngomhlabathi.
Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, amahlumela amancane azoqala ukuthuthukisa kusukela efihlekile. Ngemuva kokuthi amagatsha aqine, angahlukaniswa nesitshalo somama futhi agcwaliswe endaweni entsha.
I-stem cuttings
Ngokuvamise kakhulu ekhaya lase-bougainvillea lihanjiswa ngokusika. Entwasahlobo, ungasebenzisa amagatsha asele emva kokusika, emahlumela asehlobo kule nhloso ngokukhethekile.
Esibambeni eside u-10 cm, i-incision yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-Budget, amaqabunga aphansi asusiwe futhi afakwe kwisithuthukisi sokukhula. Emva kwalokho, igatsha lifakwa enhlabathini elungiselelwe engeni lika-45% kuma-internodes angu-2-3.
Umthombo omuhle wokuqothula ukusika uzoba ingxube yesitshalo somhlabathi, amalahle nama-sphagnum. I-lokushisa kufanele ibe yi-20-25 ° C. Futhi zidinga ukulinganisela okulinganayo nokukhanya okungafani. Kufanele uhlanza njalo ama-cuttings ngamanzi nomoya.
Uyazi? Isitshalo esisheshayo sigxilile ezindlini zokugcina izithombo eziphansi.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngokuvamile, lesi sitshalo sihlukunyezwa yizilokazane ezinjengezinhlanzi, ama-aphid, nama-mealybugs. Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka, kufanele usule njalo uthuli emaqabunga, futhi ususe amaqabunga omisiwe nama-inflorescences.
Lapho kutholakala izinambuzane, izingxenye ezithintekayo zesitshalo zisusiwe, kusetshenziselwa amalungiselelo afanelekile okubulala izinambuzane.
Umswakama oqhubekayo ezimpandeni kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni izifo zefungal. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugcina umbuso wokunisela futhi ugweme ukukhuphula umhlabathi.
I-Bougainvillea enokunakekelwa kahle nokukhiqizwa kahle kuyokujabulela izimbali eziluhlaza.
