I-perennial evergreen plant fuchsia (fushia) ingeyamalungu omndeni waseCyprus. Izwe lakubo liyisikhungo naseningizimu Melika, New Zealand.
Kunezinhlobo zezilwane ezingaba yikhulu, ngesisekelo lapho izinhlobo zazo eziningi ezi-hybrid ezinobunjwa obuhlukahlukene obuhlukahlukene nezithunzi zezimbali zazibhulwa.
Incazelo yeFuchsia
Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, isitshalo sihlahla noma isihlahla. Amagatsha agobekayo ambozwe ngamaqabunga aphambili aphambili e-hue eluhlaza okotshani noma obomvu kancane. Azidluli ku-5 cm, zikhombe emaphethelweni kanye nasemaphethelweni ngamazinyo noma bushelelezi.
Izimbali zinenkomishi ye-tubular ephakeme kanye nama-stamens amade. Ngemuva kwabo, kuvela izithelo.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-fuchsia
I-Fuchsia ingatshalwa njengezikhulile, izitshalo zamahlahla, ukuze kwakhiwe umuthi we-pyramidal noma ojwayelekile kubo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zingaqhakaza ezinkathini ezihlukile zonyaka. Njengomthetho, cishe zonke izinhlobo zinezithelo ezidliwayo (amajikijolo), kepha ngaphansi kwezimo zangaphakathi, zinzima ukuvuthwa, kufanele ulinde ubumnyama bazo ukuzisebenzisela ukudla.
Bush
| Buka | Incazelo | Kushiya | Izimbali, isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwazo |
| Iqabunga ezintathu | Ngamasentimitha angama-60. Ikhula ngobubanzi, ngakho-ke kuhle ukuyibeka esitsheni esilengelayo. Amajikijolo amakhulu (5 cm). | Imise okwamaqanda 8 cm ubude obomvu, uhlangothi lwangasemuva luhlaza okotshani kanti ezansi linsundu. | Inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezinjengebhele, elixhunywe ngamathuna avuthayo kuma-inflorescence. Meyi - Okthoba. |
| Isinqe | Ukuphakama - 50 cm. Izithelo zinambitheka obondayo. | I-Velvet eluhlaza emnyama enemithunzi ye-burgundy. | Izilinganiso ezi-orenji ezikhanyayo. Intwasahlobo iwile. Ungayandisa ubusuku bonke ngokunikeza (izinga lokushisa +25 ° C) nokukhanyisa okungenani amahora ayi-12. |
| UMagellan | Ifinyelela ku-3 m. Imnandi, i-tart. | Incane, ikhombe (kufika ku-4 cm). | Tubular kusuka kubomvu kuye kokumhlophe. Intwasahlobo iwile. |
| Kuyakhazimula | Usayizi 2 m. Izithelo ziyadliwa. | I-toot enkulu | Scarlet. Ihlobo |
| Shiny (kuyacwebezela) | Ukuphakama kusuka ku-40 cm kuye ku-1 m. I-berry lidliwe, linothile ngamavithamini. | Okusaqanda okukhulu, okuluhlaza okotshani onsomi. | Okusajingijolo ngokubomvu. Ephreli - Novemba. |
| Unomusa | Kufika ku-1 m Kubukeka njengoMagellan. | Okusaqanda okuhlanganisiwe (kufika ku-5 cm). | I-Volumetric pink egqamile, ingaba ne-purple purple, hlala ngeziqu ezincane. Intwasahlobo isekwindla sekwephuzile. |
| Kuqhakaza | Amashidi amaningi Izithelo zikhulu kunezinye izinhlobo (5 cm) nge-tart lemon flavour. | I-oval-lanceolate elula. | Uhlobo lombhobho omude obomvu onamacici aluhlaza okhanyayo emaphethelweni. Unyaka wonke. |
| Bolivian | Muhle, uyamangalisa. Ikhula ibe ngu-1 m. Amajikijolo anethonya elincane le-narcotic. Ukunambitheka okuluhlaza kalamula nepelepele. | I-velvety enkulu. | Kuqoqwe ngamabhulashi kubomvu futhi kumhlophe, kukhulu. Mashi - Ephreli. |
| Ubomvu ogqamile | Ifinyelela ku-1-1.2 m. Izithelo kunzima ukuzikhulisa ekhaya. | ILanceolate (3-5 cm). | Amathuna we-tubular abomvu, ama-petals abubomvu. Ukuqala kuka-Ephreli - ukuphela kuka-Okthoba. |
| Thin | Ikhula ibe ngu-3 m. I-Narrow, amagatsha abomvu abomvu. Kungasikwa ukuqondisa ukukhula kwayo ububanzi. | Nge-burgundy tint. | Eziningi i-violet-nsomi. Kuqoqwe kubhulashi. Julayi-Septhemba. |
| I-thyroid | Ukuphakama - 3 m. Izithelo zicebile ngamavithamini. | I-ovlong-oval kufika ku-7 cm. | Okumhlophe, obomvu ngensomi onsomi. I-Midsummer - ukuwa kwangaphambili. |
| Ukulala phansi | 40 cm-1 m. Izicubu ezinwabuzelayo ezincane. Umehluko ukwehluka. Ama-berry abomvu akhanyayo. | Uyindilinga noma umise inhliziyo. | Ukhula uyakhula. Ephreli - Novemba. |
Ezinye izinhlobo ezinhle ezinezimbali ezingama-terry nezimbili eziphindwe kabili:
- U-Alisson Bell (obomvu onsomi);
- U-Anabel (mhlophe);
- UBallerina (obomvu phakathi kwesiketi esikhanyayo esimnyama);
- UHenriett Ernst (sepals - pink ejulile, amacembe - lilac ethambile).
Izinhlobo ze-Ampelic:
- Ingelosi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-terry, emhlophe nge-lilac);
- Ubuhle beHollis (ilac blue);
- Umqhele Imperi (Scarlet);
- INkosana yokuthula (emhlophe ngombala obomvu).
Ukulinywa kwe-Fuchsia nokunakekelwa ekhaya
Ngo-Ephreli - Agasti, imbali ithola imifino esebenzayo. Disemba - Januwari, unesikhathi sokuphumula.
| I-Factor | Ntwasahlobo | Ihlobo | Ukuwa | Ubusika |
| Indawo | IWindows ezinhlangothini ezisentshonalanga nasempumalanga (inani elikhulu lokukhanya okungasasebenzi). | |||
| Isibani | Ingabekwa endaweni evulekile. | Okungenani amahora ayi-12. | Gqamisa ngokuntuleka kwelanga. | |
| Ukushisa | + 18 ... +24 ° C. | + 5 ... +10 ° C. | ||
| Umswakama | Kufafazwa ngamanzi afudumele angahlanzekile nsuku zonke kusihlwa nasekuseni. | Isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku ezi-3. | Akunasidingo. | |
| Ukunisela | Lapho womisa ingaphezulu lomphezulu. | Bayanciphisa, kepha bangavumeli ukoma ngokuphelele kwenhlabathi. | Izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-2 ngenyanga. | |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga ngamanyolo wezimbiwa zokuqhakaza. | Ungasebenzisi. | ||
Imithetho yokuzalanisa i-Fuchsia
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuthola ama-fuchsias amasha: imbewu nokusika.
Imbewu
Le yinqubo ethatha isikhathi, evame ukungalondolozi ubuntu bentyatyambo kamama. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo:
- Njengoba zincane kakhulu, zihlanganiswa nesihlabathi futhi zisakazeke ngaphezu kwenhlabathi.
- Fafaza ngenani elincane le-substrate.
- Mboza ngefilimu noma ingilazi.
- Gcina izinga lokushisa + 15 ... +18 ° C. Kuthululelwe epanini.
- Amahlumela avela enyangeni.
- Lapho kwakhiwa amashidi amabili, ayabanjiswa.
Imifino
Njengokusika, kusetshenziswa amahlumela amadala noma amancanyana (acishe abe ngu-10 cm), anqunywa ekugcineni kobusika:
- Kususwa amaqabunga aphansi. Izimbumbulu zifakwa engilazini enamanzi, i-liquid substrate noma ngesihlabathi.
- Dala i-mini-greenhouse usebenzisa isitsha noma ipulasitiki.
- Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, lapho izimpande zivela, isiqu siyatshalwa.
Ungatshala kanjani amahlumela we-fuchsia
Amahlumela atshalwe ezitsheni ezincane, hhayi ngaphezu kuka-9 cm. Ukudonsa okuphoqelekile. Imbiza igcwala ngokuphelele umhlaba ukuze kungabikho zimpawu. Ukwenza lokhu, kuyanyakaziswa futhi kuboshwe, kepha kunganyathelwa ngesandla, inhlabathi iyadingeka i-porous.
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa entwasahlobo 1 isikhathi ngonyaka. Isihlahla esidala sincishisiwe ngu-1/3, izimpande zisikwe (ngaphandle kwezinhlobo eziningi).
I-substrate encane ine-acidic, kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo:
- isihlabathi, ukubekeka, inhlabathi eshidi (1: 2: 3);
- isihlabathi, okuluhlaza okotshani, inhlabathi enodaka-soddy, crat crumb (1: 2: 3: 0.2);
- ingxube eyenziwe ngomumo yezitshalo eziqhakazayo.
Inqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
- Imbiza ithathwa ngobumba, ukuvikela uhlelo lwezimpande ekushiseni kwasehlobo, okungaba ngu-4 cm ngaphezu kwalowo owedlule.
- Thela drainage ku-1/5 wesitsha esisha (ubumba olwandisiwe, amatshe amatshe) ukuvikela isitshalo ekubukeni.
- Fafaza nge-substrate.
- Ngendlela yokudluliselwa, i-fuchsia isuswa ethangini elidala ngaphandle kokunyakazisa umhlabathi, ibekwe okusha. Awale ubuthongo.
- Futha namanzi kuze kuvele umswakama esitobhini. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, uketshezi oluningi luyasuswa.
- Izinsuku ezingama-30 azondli.
- Ngemuva kwezinye izinsuku ezingama-60, balinda ukuqhakaza.
Izindlela zokunquma i-fuchsia
I-Pinch fuchsia ukuvuselela izimbali ezinhle, ukubonakala kwenqwaba yamahlumela amasha, kanye nokwakha ibhola, isihlahla, umuthi we-bonsai kusuka kulesi simila.
Sika izikhathi 2 ngonyaka: ngemuva kokuqhakaza ngo-Okthoba naphakathi kokuhlwa - uJanuwari.
I-Autumn
Susa iziqu eziqhakaze. Izinso zokulala zishiywe ku-2 cm ngaphansi kwesiki.
Ubusika
Amahlumela amancane ayasuswa, emidala enamapulangwe iyathulwa, ngoba izimbali zakhiwa ikakhulu amahlumela amasha.
Isihlahla seBonsai
Lapho besakha isihlahla esincane, bashiya ihlumela elilodwa noma eziningana ezingasonteka. Cindezela phezulu ukuze wakhe umqhele oqabulayo.
Bush
Uma ufinyeza imbali esiqwini impela, izoba sematheni isikhathi eside, iyaqhakaza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa izonikeza amahlumela amaningi amancane futhi lesi sitshalo sizothatha isimo sesihlahla esikhulu.
Izinkinga Zokukhula Kwe-Fuchsia, Izifo Nezilokazane
Ngokunakekelwa okunganele kanye nokungahambisani nemithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo, lesi sitshalo sinenkinga yezifo ezahlukahlukene.
| Ukubonakaliswa | Isizathu | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| I-Curl ishiya. | Umkhuhlane. | Ukuqaphela. |
| Amahlamvu awayo. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya, umswakama ophansi. | Futha emlilweni. |
| Ukulahla ama-buds. | Ukunisela ngokweqile noma okungaphelele, ukuntuleka kokukhanya namandla. Izinkinga zokukhathazeka ngesikhathi sezimila. | Nikeza imodi yokunisela efanele. Ungakhathazeki lapho uthela efihlekile. Kudliwe Kahle |
| Izimbali mfushane futhi zijulile. | Isikhathi sokuphumula sidlule ngaphansi kwezimo ezifudumele kakhulu. | Nikeza ukuphola ngesikhathi sasebusika. |
| Amahlamvu ansundu. | Ukubhoboka kwamanzi emazingeni okushisa aphansi. | Yehlisa ukuthambisa. |
| Ukubola kwezimpande. | Ukunisela ngokweqile kanye nokufafaza, ukuqina epanini. | Iphathwe nge-fungicides (Fitosporin). Yehlisa ukuthambisa |
| Ukumboza amaqabunga ngewebhu emhlophe. | Isikhala sesicabucabu. | Fafaza nge-acaricide (Fitoverm) izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7. |
| Ukuvela kwezinambuzane ezimhlophe. | I-Whitefly | Faka ama-insecticides (Actara, Fufanon). Izikhathi eziyi-6-7 ngezinsuku ezi-3. |
