Ngaphandle kwe-cherry, kunzima ukucabanga ngensimu yangempela. Cishe kuyo yonke indawo esiyikhulayo i-cherry ensimini. Futhi ngokuvamile kaningi hhayi kwesihlahla esisodwa, kodwa eziningana. Isithelo se-cherry sinemnandi, sinempilo, sinomsindo, sinomusa omuhle okomnandi, ojwayele abaningi kusukela ebuntwaneni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cherry ihamba kahle futhi ibukeka nayo yonke imithi yezithelo. Futhi ukutshala ama cherry nokumnakekela akulula kakhulu.
Indlela yokukhetha indawo ye-cherry ensimini
Kodwa-ke, ukuze i-cherry ikwazi ukujwayele futhi ibeke ubuso obucebile, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nazo zonke izimo zokukhula kwayo okuhle.
Kudingeka ukukhanya okungakanani kwe-cherry
Ukukhanya kumele kube kuhle - ama cherry athande ukukhanya okukhanyayo nendawo evulekile. Kodwa zingakhula futhi zikhule ngendlela evamile e-penumbra, kuphela kulokhu ukuvuthwa nokuvuthwa kokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo kuzokwehla.
Ingabe i-cherry ifuna umhlaba
Abanini bezitshalo abanamakharethi kusayithi kufanele bazi ukuthi hlobo luni lomhlabathi ayithandayo. Umuthi uzokhula kahle kakhulu enhlabathini evundile. Ibuye ikhule ngesihlabathi, isihlabathi, isanti, i-loamy, ngokuphendula okuncane noma okungekho hlangothi. Into esemqoka ukucacisa kahle inhlabathi pH futhi, uma kunesidingo, ushintshe ngokuletha izingxenye ezifanele.
Kubalulekile! Musa ukutshala ama-cherry emhlabathini omile. Ubuningi be-acidity yenhlabathi yama cherry ngu-7, 0.Uma inhlabathi iyanamathele, i-deoxidized noma i-alkalized, ngokwesibonelo, ngokungeza i-lime, isikhophu esiphundu, i-limestone yama dolomitic, ufulawa wama-dolomitic, njll.
Inhlabathi akufanele ibe yi-clayey, isindayo - kulokhu isihlabathi singeniswa kuso, kanye namanzi amaningi - umuthi awuthandi umswakama obuningi. Ngakho-ke, khetha isayithi elinamanzi angaphansi komhlaba - okwenzekayo hhayi ngaphezulu kuka 1.8-2 m.
Kungcono nini ukutshala i-cherry
Ayikho impendulo eqondile yombuzo uma kungcono ukutshala i-cherry entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Kuyoba okulungile ukunamathela ohlelweni olulandelayo: ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, lapho amaqhwa ebusika afinyelela khona -30-40 ° ะก, atshale i cherry kuphela entwasahlobo; ezindaweni eziseningizimu, izithombo zitshalwe entwasahlobo nasekwindla, noma izithombo zanezelwa ebusika ukuze zitshalwe entwasahlobo.
Ukutshala cherry entwasahlobo
Isikhathi sokutshala ama cherry entwasahlobo kungaphambi kokuphuka kwephunga, cishe ekuqaleni noma phakathi kuka-Apreli, kuye ngokuthi ngabe kusekuqaleni noma kwentwasahlobo. Uma ungaphuthelwa lo mzuzu futhi amaqabunga azovuleka, lezi zihlahla ziyagula futhi zingenakwenzeka ukuba zithole izimpande.
Ngokuvame ukutshala ama cherry entwasahlobo ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nasendleleni engaphakathi. Lokhu kungenxa yokushisa okunzima kwama-frosty, lapho umuthi ungafa khona, utshalwe ekwindla. Umhlabathi wokutshala ama cherry entwasahlobo kumele ungabi nhlobo ngeqhwa, omisiwe, usuku - umoya ongenamandla, ilanga, alikho imvula.
Izici zokutshala kwekwindla
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu ukuphela kukaSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Kamuva abahlwanyeli, amathuba okufa kwesimiso se-seedling esivela ku-frost aphezulu. Umuthi ohlwanyelwe utshalwe - ofafazwe ungqimba lomhlaba ngesimo segundane - 35-40 cm kusuka emhlabathini.
Uyazi? Kukuphi okungcono ukutshala ama cherry kusayithi? Uma inemvula evulekile noma intaba encane, khona-ke kuyo. Ungatshali ngqo ngaphansi kocingo oluphakeme, izicingo, izakhiwo noma ezinye izihlahla ezivuthiwe.
Indlela yokutshala isithombo se-cherry
Amazwi ambalwa mayelana nendlela yokutshala i-cherry. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ukufakwa kwesitsha kuhlolisiswa futhi-izimpande, amagatsha, ukuze zingabi nemonakalo kanye nezinambuzane. Uma kunezimboni eziningana, indawo engaphansi kwazo iyakhiwe futhi ihlinzeke ibanga phakathi kwabo - 3-3.5 m, naphakathi kwemigqa - 3.5-4 amamitha.
Ngokwalo, i-cherry iyisiko elingenakuzithoba, ukutshala nokulondla akusizi kahle. Kodwa uma uhlwanyela imithi eminingi, kungcono ukuthi kube nabasizi.
Ukulungiselela i-Pit
Bamba imbobo kusengaphambili - amasonto amabili kuya kwangu-4 (uma kungenzeka) ngaphambi kokuphuma. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, inhlabathi iyokoma ngokwanele, igcwalise oksijeni futhi ithathe wonke umanyolo osetshenzisiwe. Ubukhulu obujwayelekile bomgodi wezithombo ze-cherry - 70 * 70 * 70.
Kodwa lapha babheka ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwempande - uma luhlelekile, lukhula kahle, khona-ke imbobo ikhulisiwe. Izwe elivuliwe lihlukaniswe cishe ngokulinganayo futhi ingxenye eyodwa yalo ihlanganiswe nama-fertilizer.
Imithetho yokufika
Isikhwama sesikhashana sokhuni (ukwesekwa kwesithombo) lapho umhlaba uxubene khona 50/50 ngamanyolo uqhutshwa phakathi nendawo yomgodi. Okwenza ukuthi i-cherry ikhule kahle futhi ikhule ingumuthi ophilayo (humus) nge-addition of potassium chloride, umlotha kanye ne-superphosphate.
Esigodini sobumba sabeka umuthi ukuze intamo enkulu ikhuliswe 3-5 cm ngaphezu komhlaba. Futhi baqala ukufafaza ngokucophelela izimpande ngomhlaba nxazonke, becindezela ngezikhathi ezithile, behlanganisa umhlaba ngesandla sandla sabo, bese behlela imbobo emhlabathini. Ekuphetheni, i-trunk iboshelwe isikhonkwane esinyanyisiwe.
Uyazi? Uma izimpande zomuthi zomile, zigcinwa emanzini amahora angu-2.5-3.5 ngaphambi kokutshala, bese kuphakanyiswa ukuba zibophe engxenyeni engadini.
Indlela yokunakekela ama-cherry ensimini, amathiphu namaqhinga
Kunezinombolo zeziqondiso zokunakekela ama cherry, okumele alandelwe.
Imithetho ye-Cherry yokunisela
Lapho i-cherry itshalwe, ibhange lobumba liphonswa ngobubanzi bomgodi, 20-25 cm, futhi ngokucophelela emngcwabeni otholakala nxazonke zezithombo, uthele kancane kancane emanzini - 1.5-2 amabhakede. Lapho amanzi eshaywa emva kokunisela, umhlabathi oseduze osondelene. Esikhathini esizayo, lesi sihlahla siphuzisa njengoba sidingeka, sigweme amanzi amaningi.
Indlela yokutshala i-cherry
Ukusheshisa nokulula ukutshala ama cherry ngendlela efanele ukusebenzisa umquba. Iminyaka emibili yokuqala emva kokutshala akudingekile ukondla ama cherry. Kule nkathi, lesi sihlahla sinomsoco owanele owenziwe emgodini wokutshala.
Ngonyaka wesithathu ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ama-nitrogen aqukethe amalungiselelo ethulwa. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngokunisela, isibonelo, ukuhlanza amanzi anosawoti emanzini - 25 g / 10 l. Ngesikhathi se-cherries ezimbali zondla nge-humus, umquba noma ama-droppings, futhi kufomula (ehlanjululwa ngamanzi) yokunisela. Futhi phakathi nehlobo - ngoJulayi - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, ungaphinda wenze u-saltpeter noma udaba oluphilayo.
Autumn ukugqoka - organic noma potassium-phosphate fertilizer. Bakha ekwindla ukumba, bese bemba ngokujulile. Kodwa akukho okujule kunama-15 cm.
Indlela ukusika cherries ensimini
Ukutshala ama cherry ekutshaleni kwenziwa ngokushesha. Kusukela emhlabathini kuze kufike egatsheni lokuqala kufanele kube ngu-50-55 cm we-trunk engenalutho - leli banga libizwa shtamb. Wonke amanye amagatsha engeziwe e-trunk anqunywa.
Khetha amagatsha angu-6-7 aqinile e-angeli angaphansi kwama-40-45 degrees esihlahleni, esizoba yisisekelo somqhele wesikhathi esizayo, futhi sibe mfushane ngo-7-10 cm.
Wonke amanye amagatsha asemagqabeni anqunywa.
Uyazi? Noma yikuphi ukuchofoza kwenziwe kahle futhi ngendlela efanele. Amagatsha aqoshiwe ngaphansi kwe "zero", okungukuthi, ngaphandle kokushiya i-hemp. Futhi izindawo zokusika ziphathwa nge-pitch engadini.Esikhathini esizayo, unyaka ngamunye, ama-cherries aqoshiwe - aqhubeke ukwakha umqhele, asuse amagatsha omisiwe noma aphethwe yizifo, futhi njalo njalo impande, ukukhula okukhulayo.
Indlela yokuvikela i-cherry ebusika
Ngokuvamile, i-cherry ngumuthi ongenamakhaza, ubekezelela izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwamazinga kanye nama-hibernates ngokuvamile. Kodwa kuneziqhwa ezineqhwa elincane, lapho uhlelo lwe-cherry lwempande luhlupheka khona kuqala. Ukuvikelwa okulula kwalesi sihloko ukumboza isihlahla somuthi ngeqhwa bese usikhipha ngotshani ne-sawdust phezulu, ukumboza ngamagatsha ase-spruce.
Ukuvikela izinambuzane nezifo
Ukunakekelwa kahle kwama cherry kusiza ukugwema izifo nezinambuzane. Zonke izifo zingcono ukuvimbela. Ekwindla, emva kwama-frosts okuqala, i-cherries ne-stalk-ground based based sprayed with a solution 5-6% of urea ukubhubhisa amagciwane.
Isixazululo se-urea esakhiwe sinomthelela omubi ezinambuzaneni eziyingozi, ezincane nezinambuzane.
Futhi ngaphambi kokufafaza - ususe wonke amagciwane, ama-shrunken, amagatsha aphukile, amaqabunga awile bese uvala imifantu emagqabeni. Esikhundleni se-urea, izidakamizwa ze-fungicidal kanye ne-antimicrobial zingasetshenziswa - iZineb, Scor, Nitrafen, Flatan, Topsin M, i-oxychloride yethusi, i-Bordeaux liquid, njll.
Kubalulekile! I-Coccomycosis kanye ne-moniliosis yizifo ezimbi kakhulu ze-cherry. Ukuvimbela kwabo, ukuvimbela ukugula kungenye yemisebenzi esemqoka yabalimi.Kusuka ezinambuzane isite weevil cherry, aphid, amahlumela inundu, sawfly. Kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa "Inta Vir", "Spark", "Aktara".
Izindlela zokuzalanisa i-cherry
I-Cherry iyancipha ngezindlela eziningana.
Cuttings
Enye yezindlela zokubeletha ezingcono kakhulu. Inzuzo yayo yukuthi ungathola izithombo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlobo ze-varietal.
I-Cuttings inqunywe ngesikhathi sokukhula okujulile kwesihlahla - kusukela ekuqaleni - phakathi noJuni.
Isici sesici sesikhathi esifanele sokunqunywa kuyoba ukuqina kwesigungu esiseduzane nesibhamu kanye negxolo elithambile phezulu nasesikhungweni.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuqeda ukuphunyuka ngosuku olupholile ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Sika amahlumela ama-25-30 cm nenani elikhulu lokuhluma okukhulayo, uhlukanise la magatsha anqunywe ngesigamu, ushiye ama-internodes amabili engxenyeni ngayinye. Bese uphefa amahlamvu futhi ubeke emanzini, lapho ungakwazi (kodwa hhayi ngempela) wengeze umlawuli wokukhula.
Amagatsha abhapathizwa emanzini ama-1.5-2 cm. Agcinwa amahora angu-12-24 futhi atshalwe endaweni yokushisa - ukujula kwe-3-4 cm, uhlelo - 8 * 5. Ukuze kube nokushisa okubamba ukushisa, i-peat nesihlabathi kuthathwa ngokulinganisela okulinganako ngokulinganisela okulinganayo, okuxubile futhi okufakwa phansi. Phakamisa ubuso bese ufafaza kuze kufike ku-2 cm ngesihlabathi futhi, nciphisa kahle. Emva kokutshala umbhede wokusika phezulu ogcwele ifilimu.
Uma kuvame ukuvela izimpande emva kwamaviki angu-3-4, ifilimu iyancipha ngasemaphethelweni wokuphuza umoya nokuqina kwama-cuttings. Futhi, ngemuva kokubunjwa kwezimpande, ukufaka umanyolo kufakwe ezitshalweni - udaba oluthile lwamanzi noma ama-potassium-phosphorus.
I-cuttings imisiwe kahle, isetshenzisiwe futhi ishiywe ebusika emhlabathini noma igubhe futhi igcinwe kuze kufike entwasahlobo emiphongolweni, phansi. Ngokuhlwanyela nokukhuphuka okunjalo ezintwasahlobo entwasahlobo, ekwindla bathola izithombo zabo ze-cherry ezigcwele ngokugcwele.
Ukukhiqiza izimpande izimpande
Lena indlela elula kakhulu. Izihlahla ezivuthiwe kahle zifanelekile kuye. Eduze nomama we-cherry ukhethe amahlumela eminyaka emibili ene-branching eyanele nezimpande eziqinile.
Kubalulekile! Amahlumela akhula ngokuqondile azungeze isiqu ayathathwa, njengoba lokhu kungalimaza uhlelo lwempande lomuthi omdala.
Khona-ke banquma impande exhumanisa intsha ekhethiwe kanye nesiqu somzimba - yilokho konke. Ngentwasahlobo, amahlumela ahlukene ahlwanyelwe futhi atshalwe kwenye indawo. Le nsimu izoba eyakho-igxilile, futhi ngenxa yalokho, igcine zonke izimpawu zomuthi womzali. Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Ukuqala ukwabelana ngokuthi kungenzeka "ukuqina", imbewu enamandla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amathambo amasha ashubile (imbewu) ayomile, bese amathambo owomile abhapathizwa amahora amaningana emanzini. Yilabo kuphela abaya ezansi abakhethiwe ukuhluma, nalabo abavele baphuma baphonswa kude. Amathambo asele ama-cherries ekushiseni kwe-13 ... +15 ° C afakwa enhlanganeni yesihlabathi namanzi futhi ashiywe esitsheni kuze kufike entwasahlobo.
Uyazi? Ezindaweni ezinobusika obumnene, amatshe angatshala phakathi noma ekupheleni kuka-Agasti.Ungashiya amathambo e-veranda, esiteji esomile. Njengoba kudingekile, gcoba isihlabathi ukuze singabe soma ngokuphelele. Isithombo sitshalwe ekujuleni kwe-2-2.5 cm nge-interval of 40-45 cm komunye nomunye. I-top prutrivayut peat, i-sawdust. Ngemuva kokuhluma kuphelile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, emva kwesitshalo, ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kuvimba, ukuphuza, ukufaka umanyolo ngezinto eziphilayo noma umanyolo wamaminerali. Izithombo noma ukumba ubusika emiphongolweni, noma kushiywe ifilimu ebusika kanye ne-insulated. Izithombo ezinqwabelwane entwasahlobo zifakelwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Izihlahla ezitholakale ngale ndlela zingase zingalondolozi izakhiwo zomuthi womama - ubukhulu bamajikijolo, ukunambitheka, isivuno saso sihlukile.
Ukugonywa
Hlakulela ama-cherry ngezimpande ezimpandeni, izithombo (isitshalo esikhulile) noma izithombo ezineminyaka eyodwa noma ezimbili ubudala. I-cuttings ye-inoculation ka-12-15 cm futhi nge-2-3 efihlekile ithathwa ekwindla sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kwebusika - ku-frosts ezinzima. Beka ukusika ngaphakathi esiteji, noma kwi-snowdrift, i-pritrushchenny peat, i-sawdust.
Ukugonywa kwenziwa entwasahlobo - ngesikhathi sokugeleza kosawoti, lesi yisikhathi esihle sokufakwa kwe-engraftment. Ungazama ukugoma ehlobo, kodwa, cishe, unomthelela omncane. Uma uzama ukugoma ehlobo, ama-cuttings athatha ama-green cut. 
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokugoma. Budding - kungcono futhi ukukopisha - lokhu yisibambo. Amasu we-inoculation - ngokuhlukaniswa, emagqumeni, emgodini, ekunqunyeni ohlangothini. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bacebisa abaqalayo ukuba baqale ngendlela - ngokuhlukaniswa.
Sika igatsha lesitoko bese ushiya isiqu. Esigodini, bahlukanisa, faka ukusika kuwo nge-cut, i-cut cut kanye ne-bark cut cut. Amagxolo we-cutting aqoshwe eceleni ubude be-cleft hemp.
Khona-ke igatsha lokuhlukanisa elinesibambo sokubamba ngokuqinile i-primyvayut. Isayithi le-inoculation lihlanganiswe kahle nge-pitch pitch, futhi isikhwama seplastiki sifakwa esigabeni esixhunyiwe kusuka phezulu. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-12-15, hlola ukugoma, uma ukusika kuncike, iphakethe lisusiwe.
Ukulima kwe-cherry nokuyinakekela kuyakwazi ngisho nomuntu othatha izinyathelo zokuqala zokulima. Ukubonisa ukuphikelela nokwenza konke kahle, emva kweminyaka engu-2-3, usuvele uthola isivuno sokuqala. Bobabili ngokoqobo nangokomfanekiso - ukujabulela izithelo zezandla zabo.
