Namuhla kunzima ukucabanga ngokuphila ngaphandle kobisi nemikhiqizo yobisi, ngoba sekuyingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwethu.
Ngisho nangesikhathi esidala, umuntu wakwazi ukuveza imfihlakalo yemvelaphi nezinzuzo zobisi, izimvu zasendle, izinkomo zezintaba kanye nezinkambo (okhokho bezinkomo).
Ezweni lanamuhla, ngokukhiqiza nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo, kwakungenzeka ukudala ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyinkulungwane zezinkomo, ezingaphezu kwekhulu zezinhlobo zebubu kanye nezinhlanzi ezingaphezu kwezingamashumi amathathu ze-hybrid subspecies. Khona-ke sizoxoxa ngenhlobo yezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zezinkomo ezifuywayo, iSychevsky.
Umlando wemvelaphi
Izinhlobo zezinkomo zaseSychevskaya zahlushwa izinqubo eziningi zokuwela nokukhethwa ngesikhathi sokubambisana ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Yingaleso sikhathi lapho imizamo yabalimi abaqoqiwe kanye nezisebenzi zesayensi esifundeni saseSmolensk zinezinkampani zonke zokukhiqiza izinkomo, ngenxa yokuthi yiziphi izilinganiso ezenziwa ngokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo nokuwela kwezihlobo ezihlukahlukene.
Izinkomo zasendaweni zathuthukiswa ngokuhlanganisa i-gene pool kanye ne-Genetic gene. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwezinhlobo zokuqala zohlobo olusha, bahlolwa ngokucophelela kwezokwelapha futhi okukhethwa kukho okukhethiwe kukho ukulimala ngabanye.
Uyazi? Imfucumfucu ephathwe ngokukhethekile i-fuel fuel, futhi iphunga elimangalisayo elivela lapho selishisiwe liphilisa izinambuzane kahle.Ngenxa yalolu hlelo, abacwaningi bezokwelapha babela inzalo yezinkomo zaseSychevskaya, ehlukaniswa ngamanani aphezulu yobisi, isivuno, ukungathobeki ekugcineni kanye nezimo zezulu, kanye nokuzivikela okuphezulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezifo nokugula.
Incazelo nesithombe
Idatha yangaphandle yezinkomo zaseSychevsky ihambelana ngokugcwele nokuqonda okujwayelekile kokubonakala kwezinkomo nezinkomo zobisi.
Ukubukeka nemingcele
Ayikho umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinkomo nezinkunzi, kanye nabancane, umehluko usayizibukhulu kuphela.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezingcono kakhulu zezinkomo zobisi nezinyama.
Bull
Izinkumbi zinkulu kunezinkomo futhi zinamandla kakhulu. I-torso yabo enamandla ihlanganisa ngokuphelele imisipha enamandla evumela lesi silwane ukuba siphume ngokushesha, naphezu kokwakhiwa kwayo okuthakazelisayo, futhi iqhaza empini yokubusa. Umbala wezilwane ezinjalo uncibilikile, u-pale-motley noma obomvu.
Lapho kubuna, abesilisa bafinyelela amamitha angamashumi amabili nesigamu, kanti ubude buhluka kusuka ku-155 kuya ku-187 cm. I-skull ivulekile futhi inkulu, ifakwe izimpondo ezimbili ezigobile. Ububanzi besifuba buhluka phakathi kuka-63 no-85 cm. 
Isikhumba sinobukhulu obuphakathi, obushelelezi, obumbozwe ngejazi elinzima futhi eliqinile. Isisindo esijwayelekile senkunzi ye-Sychevskoy ifika ku-900 kg.
Uyazi? Ezinsukwini zakudala kwakukholelwa ukuthi ukudayiswa kweenkomo ezigulayo kungaholela ekutheni utholakale.
Izinkomo
Izinkomo zingaphansi kwesimungumzimba namasayizi amancane kakhulu kunezinkunzi. I-torso yezinsikazi ijwayelekile, yebo, ifomu, ngezingqimba ezicacisiwe kanye ne-croup. Umbala - inhlanhla, i-pale-motley, ebomvu, kaningi kakhulu - obomvu obomvu. Uboya - obunamahloni, obufushane, obuncane kakhulu ekuthinteni kunamadoda.
Ukuphakama kwezinkomo ezimileyo kufinyelela ku-125-137 cm Ubude bomzimba cishe bulingana ne-bovine kanye nobubanzi kusukela ku-140 kuya ku-175 cm. Ububanzi besifuba abuvami ukudlula u-75 cm. Isikhumba sinobukhulu obuphakathi, sinobuso obuhle futhi bubucayi.
Isisindo esinqunyiwe samasifazane esizwe sakwaSychevsky sihluka kusuka ku-550 kuya ku-600 kg. Umhlabathi uthuthukile kahle, ubukhulu obukhulu, ubushelelezi futhi buthambile ku-touch. 
Amathole
Amathole athola isisindo ngezinga elilinganiselwa ku-800-1200 amagremu ngosuku. Ukulinganisa izinkomba ze-sychevsk ezisanda kuzalwa - 30-34 kg. Ngezinyanga eziyisithupha bafinyelela isisindo esingama-200 kg. Lapho efinyelela eminyakeni yobudala nengxenye, amathole anesisindo esinganiselwa ku-350-400 kg.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde ukuthi amavithamini amathole adinga ukukhula okusheshayo, indlela yokukhetha ithole elihle uma uthenga, futhi uthole ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ithole lithemba futhi lingadli kahle.
Izici zenyama kanye nobisi
Izakhi eziyinhloko kanye nezici zobisi zohlobo lwezinkomo zaseSychovsk zingasifingqwa etafuleni elilandelayo:
| Ukukhiqizwa komsola ngonyaka | kusuka amathani angu-4 ukuya ku-5 |
| Ukudla ubisi | Ubumnene, obuhle, ngaphandle kokunambitheka okubukhali nokuphunga |
| Amafutha | kusuka ku-3.5% ukuya ku-4% |
| Amaphrotheni | kusuka ku-3.2% kuya ku-3.6% |
| Ukunakekelwa kokunciphisa isisindo | kusuka ku-800 kuya ku-1200 amagremu ngosuku |
| Ukuphuma ekuhlatshweni | 58% |
| Ikhwalithi yenyama | Phezulu Ithenda yezinyama, enezingxenye ezinamafutha amancane |
Izindawo zokuzala
Ngo-1950, izinga lezinhlobo zamaSychiv lafakwa ebhalweni futhi lihlonishwa ngokusemthethweni ensimini yeSoviet Union. Ngaleso sikhathi, lezi zinkomo zazaliswa ezindaweni zaseBryansk, eRyazan, eKaluga, naseRiphabhulikhi yaseMoldova naseBelarus. 
Namuhla, lezi zinkabi zibelelwa emapulazini azalisayo emiphakathini yaseSmolensk, Kaluga naseTver. Ukusebenza kwesikhathini samanje nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo zezilwane kuyaqhubeka nanamuhla.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Inombolo yezinzuzo ezingenakunqatshwayo zohlobo lwaseSychivsk kungenziwa kalula ngokuthi:
- izithelo eziphakeme;
- inyama yokuhlaba ephakeme;
- umkhiqizo owengeziwe;
- ukunakekelwa okungazenzisi;
- lula ukujwayela izimo ezahlukene zezulu;
- ukukhuthazela;
- ukumelana nemibandela yemvelo engalungile;
- ukuzivikela okuphezulu kwezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde indlela yokulondla inkomo ekutheni ukondle kahle izinkabi emadlelweni, futhi uthole ukuthi yini enquma isisindo sezinkomo.
Kodwa kukhona uhlangothi oluthile lwemali.
Okulandelayo yizinye zezinkinga zalolu hlobo:
- Izilwane ezincane zidinga ukudla okudliwayo, ngoba ukungabi nalutho kwezakhi ezitholakala ekukhuliseni okuphakelayo kunomthelela ekubukeni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezigubhu;
- ukukhethwa kokudla;
- ezinkomeni ezihlala okokuqala, ukubeletha okunzima kuvame ukuvela ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu bekhanda lenkomo, okuvame ukuholela ekulimaweni okuhlukahlukene kwe cub noma yowesifazane.
Ukunakekela nokondla ukudla
Naphezu kwezidingo ezijwayelekile eziphansi neziphansi zohlobo olubhekene nezimo zokuphila nokunakekelwa, kukhona namanje imithetho ekhuthazwa ukuba ilandele ngokuqinile. 
Izidingo ze-Crib
- I-stall kufanele ivuleke ngokwanele ukuze inkomo ikwazi ukuyifaka ngokukhululekile futhi, uma kunesidingo, uguqule ama-degree angama-90. Ubukhulu obuncane besitembu - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-2x2 m.
- Izinto ezizosetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwesigcawu kumele zibe yendalo. Kungcono ukuthatha umuthi, akusifisi ukuwupenda.
- I-Flooring nayo iphonyiswa ukwakha kusuka kwamabhodi noma amaphaneli asekelwe ngokhuni. Imfuneko esemqoka yamapuleti acindezelwe kuyoba ukungenisa ukungena emanzini, kungenjalo ngaphansi kwesisindo sesilwane esikhulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu phansi okunjalo kuzoba ngokushesha. Ubukhulu obukhulu be-flooring buwu-5 cm.
- Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise utshani noma utshani lokulala. Ubuningi bomkhumbi buzoxhomeka ebuqini beqhwa. I-colder itholakala emgwaqweni, lapho uhamba khona kakhulu ungakwazi ukumboza phansi. Futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.
- Abondla nabaphuza baphelelwa kangcono ngaphakathi kwesigcawu ngokwayo ukuze inkomo ingakwazi ukuyivula noma iwaqede. Fit umgodla wamapulangwe ngemiphetho ephothiwe (ukuze isilwane singenzi ubuhlungu). Ungasebenzisa futhi iziqukathi zeplastiki noma zensimbi. Imfuneko esemqoka yomuntu ophuzayo kuyoba yikhono layo, ngoba inkomo ingaphuza kalula ibhakede lamanzi emasekhondini ayishumi.
- Ngenxa yokujwayela kwawo okulula ukushisa okuhlukahlukene kanye nezimo zezulu, lolu hlobo aluzithobeki ngokuphelele. Kungakwazi ukukhuthazelela ukushisa okungama-40, kanye neqhwa elibi kakhulu. Esikhathini esishisayo, into eyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona amanzi njalo ezitsheni zokuphuza, futhi akuyona into engathandeki ukushiya inkomazi emini. Kumele kusale ekudleni ensimini enezindawo ezimisiwe - ngakho inkomo izokwazi ukulawula isimo sakhe futhi, uma kunesidingo, iya emthunzini. Phakathi nobusika, akunakwenzeka ukuthi izinga lokushisa emgodini liwe ngezansi -5 ° C.
Kubalulekile! Isikhala sokuphuza umoya - nesici esibalulekile salungiselelo. Izilwane akufanele zibe segumbini elincane futhi limele, ngakho-ke imishini yezimoto izoba isinyathelo esifanele.
- Ukukhanya kokukhanyisa: amahora angu-12 - usuku, amahora angu-12 - ubusuku. Esikhathini esivela ekwindla sekwephuzile kuze kube sekuseni kwentwasahlobo, kuzodingeka ukuthi ngaphezu kwalokho kukhanyise umcengezi, ehlobo akukho sidingo, kodwa uma izibani zibheliwe emgodini ukuze kube lula, ngeke zithinte izilwane. Into esemqoka akumele ukukhohlwe ukuvala ukukhanya ukuze izilwane ezifuywayo zikwazi ukulala ngokuthula.
Ukuhlanza nokungcola izakhiwo nemishini
Kunconywa ukuhlanza isitembu kabili ngosuku: ekuseni nakusihlwa. Ukuhlanza okunjalo kuzokufaka isampula sezinhlanzi kanye nokulahlwa kwabo, ukufaka indawo yokulala kanye nezinqubo zokugeza zesilwane. Sebenzisa ibhulashi elithambile, isisombululo esinamandla sosipho namanzi okugeza inkomo emva kobusuku ukuze ihlale ihlanzekile futhi ihlanzekile.
Ukondla imifino kanye nabaphuzayo kudingeka futhi bahlanzwe ukuze amabhaktheriya ahlukahlukene angaboni lapho. Ngemuva kokudla ngakunye, abahlinzeki kufanele bahlanzwe izidakamizwa zokudla, futhi ukuphuza izitsha kumele kuhlanzwe kanye ngosuku. Ukucwiliswa kwe-disinfection kwenziwa ngosizo lwamalungiselelo akhethekile aphethwe umoya emoyeni wokucwiliswa kwe-disinfection. Le nqubo iphakanyiswa okungenani kanye ngesonto.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinyama ezinjalo nezinhlobo zobisi zezinkomo njenge-Yakut ne-Krasnogorbatov.
Okuphakelayo namanzi
Ehlobo, ukudla okuyisisekelo kwenkomo kubandakanya utshani obusika, okuyinto isilwane esingasidla ngokungenamkhawulo. Inkomo ngokwayo iyolawula ngokuphumelelayo inani lokudla elidliwe, ukuze iqhaza lomnikazi kule ndaba alidingekile.
Kusukela enotshweni izilwane zithola wonke amaminerali adingekayo, amavithamini nezinye izingxenye zomsoco. Ngokuqondene nabesilisa, kubo bafaka ukudla okungeziwe ukuze balondoloze amandla abo kanye nokukhuthazela. 
Ebusika, izinkomo zidla isilila ne-hay, okwakuvuna kusengaphambili ehlobo. Nansi umtsetfo ophakamisa ukuthi okungenani izinyanga ezintathu zidlula phakathi kokugaya nokuqala kokusetshenziswa kwe-canopy ne-silage.
Ukungabi namavithamini namaminerali ngesikhathi sasebusika kuhlawulelwa ukufakwa ekudleni kwezinkimbinkimbi ezikhethekile (isibonelo, "Trivita"). Kuzinkunzi ezidla ngokukhethekile ukuhlatshwa, 1-2 kg yokudla kufakwa nsuku zonke kwimenyu. Ngokuqondene namanzi, umgomo oyinhloko wukuthi kufanele ube njalo emgodini wokuphuza futhi uvame ukushintshwa ngamanzi amasha njalo.
Kubalulekile! Uma udla izinkomo ngesikhathi seqhwa lokuqala esiteshini zisuswe kuphela ngemva kokuba iqhwa liphuma enotshini.I-Sychevskaya izinkomo zezinkomo ziye zaba enye yezinqumo ezikhethwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Abameleli balo kuze kube yilolu suku bavezwa ngenkuthalo emazweni amaningi futhi bathatha izindawo zabo ezitokisini, bengagudli ukugcwalisa iziqandisini zethu ngemikhiqizo enomsoco.
