zu.pastureone.com
Isitshalo semifino

Indlela yokukhulisa ikhukhamba lomncintiswano: amathiphu amahle kakhulu

Ikhukhamba ingenye amasiko athandwa kakhulu okutshalwa namuhla ngabalimi. Ngokubunjwa kwamakhemikhali, izithelo zingama-95% amanzi, kanti konke okunye kuyi-carotene, amavithamini, ama-macro- kanye nama-microelements. Namuhla, kunezinhlobonhlobo zamakhukhamba, okunye okungafani nesimo sesithelo, ubukhulu besikhumba, ngisho nokuphakama kwesitshalo ngokwawo. Enye yezinhlobo ezithandwayo yikhukhamba le "Competitor".

Ikhukhamba "Umncintiswano": umlando wokuzalanisa

Lezi zihlukahlukene zavulwa ngo-1980 eCrimea. Ekuqaleni, izinhlobonhlobo zamakhukhamba aseCrimea zenziwa ukutshala ezindaweni eziseningizimu zeRussian Federation, kodwa manje isimo sokulima siye sanda kakhulu. "Umqhudelwano" ikhukhamba yokuvuthwa yokuqala: izinyanga eziyi-1.5 zidlula ekutshalweni ukuvunwa. Izithelo zifinyelela kumthamo wegridi eyi-100, enambitheka kakhulu.

Uyazi? Ikhukhamba yayilethwa okokuqala ngumqhubi waseSpain uChristopher Columbus owayevela esiqhingini saseHaiti ngo-1494. Kodwa ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwalokhu kwemifino kwakunjalo ngisho nangaphambili - bekhulile ku II-III yeminyaka eyikhulu BC. eNdiya yasendulo.

Incazelo ehlukahlukene

Ikhukhamba "Umncintiswano" kubhekwa njengesibonelo sezinhlobonhlobo eziphumelelayo ezinomphumela wezinga eliphakeme futhi zithola izibuyekezo ezinhle kuphela. Izinhlobonhlobo zibhekene nezinkomba ezilandelayo:

  1. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa esijwayelekile siyizinsuku ezingu-50.
  2. Esikhathini sitshalo kukhona izimbali zangaphandle.
  3. I-ovary ingashadile, i-inflorescences ihlolwe yizinyosi.
  4. Ungakhula emhlabathini ovulekile futhi uvaliwe.
  5. U-Liana ukhula kuze kube ngu-2 m.
  6. Izithelo zinomumo ovalwe nge-oval-cylindrical. Ubuso babo bukhulu. Ubude bufinyelela ku-10 cm.
  7. Ukhukhamba ungadliwa fresh noma ekheniwe.
Ukwandisa isikhathi sokuvunwa kwe-fruiting kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe njalo.
Funda futhi mayelana nezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokukhukhamba: "Zozulya", "Nezhinsky", "isiJalimane" nesibindi.

Izinhlobo ze-Pros and cons

Ikhukhamba "Umncintiswano" unezici ezivezwa emakhasini alandelayo:

  1. Inani eliphezulu lokuhluma imbewu.
  2. Izinga elihle lokusinda kwezithombo emva kokufakelwa kabusha.
  3. Ukuphikisana ne-powdery isikhutha.
  4. I-fruiting eyanele isikhathi eside.
  5. Izinto zembewu zingalungiselelwa ngokuzimela.
Izinkinga ngenxa yomvuno wekwephuzile zifaka:
  • ukuchithwa okusheshayo kwezithelo;
  • ukuhlunga ukunweba;
  • ukuvela kwemifantu emakhukhamba;
  • ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka.

Ngokuntuleka komswakama, ukunambitheka okubabayo kungavela.

Kubalulekile! Ngokwesilinganiso, isibonakaliso sokukhiqiza sincike esimweni sezulu, shintsha isimo sezulu, kanye nezici zokulima. Ukuze ukwandise inani lezithelo, kutuswa ukuba ukhule "Umncintiswano" ku-trellis.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ikhukhamba ensimini

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yalezi imifino emibhedeni ukuze uthole isivuno esihle kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana neminye imithetho. Ukuzicabangela kuphela, awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngokuchitha isikhathi nemali.

Ukulungiselela imbewu yokutshala

Izikhala zomnyaka odlule zingalinywa ngendlela eyomile. Kufakazele lokho Imbewu ikhukhamba ingahlwanyelwa iminyaka engu-6. Ukulungiselela imbewu yekhukhamba yokuhlwanyela kuqala ngokuzigcina emanzini anosawoti imizuzu eyishumi. Ngokulandelayo, imbewu evuliwe iphonswa kude, futhi bonke abanye bayageza futhi bagcwaliswe nesisombululo se-potassium permanganate ngosuku. Emva kwakho konke lokhu, imbewu ingahlwanyelwa noma ihlume.

Isikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyela

Ukuze isivuno esihle, isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuhlwanyela imbewu ekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ungaqala umsebenzi phakathi no-Ephreli.

Ukukhethwa kwendawo kanye nendima yabangaphambili

Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle minyaka yonke, kutuswa ukuba uhlale ukhetha indawo entsha. Enye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhukhamba ukhukhamba umbhede emva kwamatamatisi, anyanisi noma amazambane, kanye nanoma iyiphi iklabishi. Akunconywa ukutshala ukhukhamba emva karoti noma ubhontshisi. Ekwindla, kunconywa ukutshala inhlabathi ngamaminerali amaminerali noma udaba oluphilayo, kanti entwasahlobo kuyadingeka ukumba. Ukuze uthole ukwesekwa, ungasebenzisa izinti noma trellis kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinye izitshalo - isibonelo, ummbila.

Ukulungiselela imibhede

Ikhukhamba "Umncintiswano" womvuno omuhle kunconywa ukuba itshalwe kuphela ezweni elilungiselelwe ngaphambilini. Kufanele ithalakale ku-15 ° C, ngenkathi icebile kuma-humus nezinye izakhi. Ngokuvamile, umanyolo usetshenziswa ngoMeyi: nge-1 sq. M. Kunconywa ukwenza okungenani 10 kg. Sebenzisa umquba, umquba, urea noma i-potassium sulfate.

Ihhashi, unogwaja, inkomo, ingulube nemfucumfucu yezimvu zingasetshenziswa njengama-fertilizer amakucucu.

Iphethini elihle lokuhlwanyela

Ukhukhamba uhlwanyelwa ukukhula phezu kwe-trellis. Ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa okulula, sebenzisa uhlelo olulandelayo: hlwaba imbewu emigqeni emibili, ngaphezu kwalokho, ibanga eliphakathi kwabo naphakathi kwezihlahla ezizayo kufanele libe ngu-20 cm. U-Trellis wangcwatshwa ebangeni eli-1 m.

Izici zokunakekela nokulima i-agrotechnology

Ikhukhamba "Umncintiswano" ongenakuzithoba ekukhuleni nasekumelaneni nezifo eziningi - njenge-powdery isikhutha kanye ne-bacterial spotting. Imithetho esemqoka yokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi yilezi:

  • ukuchelela okufika ngesikhathi;
  • i-weeding;
  • ukwethulwa kwezithasiselo ezikhethekile;
  • ukukhulula umhlaba.
Kuyoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde ngalokho okufanele ukwenze ukuze ukhukhamba ungabi buhlungu.

Njengoba lezi zinhlobonhlobo zihlanganiswa kakhulu futhi ziphezulu, izakhiwo ezimisiwe noma izingongolo zinconywa ukuba zenze izimo zokukhula komfaniswano. Kulula ukunakekela ukhukhamba "Umncintiswano", ukwazi ezinye izici eziphilayo zesitshalo:

  1. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nokukhanya, neyomfuneko edingekayo yamaminerali nezinto eziphilayo.
  2. Imibhede ilungiswa ngokushesha emva kokuvuna kwangaphambilini.
  3. Uma ukumba entwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukwengeza indaba ephilayo. Kungcono ukhethe umquba noma i-biohumus ngezingxenye ze-phosphorus.
  4. Ukudla okungeziwe kwenziwa ngenkathi kuhlanganiswa amafihlethi nasesiteji sokuhluma.
  5. Ukunisela kungcono ukusebenzisa ukuchelela.
Ukwandiswa komkhiqizo ukusetshenziswa kokususwa kwe-ovari yokuqala. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uqinise uhlelo lwempande futhi uthole amandla okudala inqwaba yezithelo.

Uyazi? Ikhukhamba ingasetshenziswa njenge-eraser - i-wax yayo yokugqoka inganciphisa kancane kancane i-ink uma ixubha kuyo ngemifino.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo

Amakhukhamba akhula "Umncintiswano" akapheli ngokutshala nokukhathalela: kubalulekile ukuthi izitshalo nezitshalo ziphephile ezilwaneni nezifo. Noma yimuphi ukwelashwa kwenziwa ekuseni noma kusihlwa ukugwema ukushisa kwelanga. Ukuvimbela izifo kanye namafungula emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amabili okuqala kwenziwa ngosizo lwamalungiselelo enethusi. Ukucubungula okusezingeni eliphezulu usebenzisa i-Bordeaux ingxube noma i-oxychloride yethusi. Ukulwa nomkhaza noma ama-aphid kusebenza isisombululo se-10% se-karbofos.

Ukwakha isihlahla

Lapho "Umncintiswano" ekhula ngaphandle kokuqina, i-liana ayitholakali. Nokho, kwezinye izimo kubalulekile ukukwenza. Amahlumela okuqala anconywa ukuthi asuswe masinyane emva kokwakhiwa kwamakhukhamba okuqala. Ngokulandelayo ubophe esisekelo kanye ne-stem eyinhloko. Ukwengeza, isihlahla sishaywa emva kokudala amashidi ama-5.

Ukunisela, ukusiphawula nokukhipha inhlabathi

Ikhukhamba "Umncintiswano" lapho ikhulile kusuka enzalweni idinga ukuphuzwa kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala - kubalulekile njengoba isimo somhlaba, izinga lokushisa nokukhanya. Amanzi okuchelela akumelwe abe mkhulu kunama-18 ° C. Ngokushesha ngemva kokumunca kwayo, kunconywa ukuba inhlabathi inhlabathi. Njengeminye imifino, ukhukhamba ayithandi ukuba khona kohlaza, okuthatha izakhi nomswakama emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufeza ukhula ngesikhathi noma ukukhipha ukhula oluncane kanye nezimpande. Ukukhulula inhlabathi nakho kuyadingeka - kuzosiza umoya omningi nezakhi ukuba zingene emhlabeni.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze uthole izithombo kakade ngosuku 5 emva kokutshala, izinga lokushisa elincane kufanele libe sezingeni 25 amazinga angaphezu kwe-zero. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe semanzi.

Umanyolo

Abalimi abaningi, ngokubhekisela ezinhlelweni ezinhle, aboni iphuzu lokudla ukhukhamba lalezi zihlukahlukene. Noma kunjalo, ukuze ungalimazi inhlabathi, kutuswa ukuba ukwenze. Ukugqoka kokuqala kwenziwa ngosizo lwamafutha omkhukhu omusha, umquba wezinkomo kanye ne-tincture utshani obuluhlaza. Ungenza futhi umquba wamaminerali, njenge-urea noma ama-superphosphates. Isikhathi sesibili umhlaba uhlwanyelwe utshani obuluhlaza noma umanyolo wamaminerali. Kungenziwa futhi ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-foliar besebenzisa ukubunjwa okulandelayo: 10 g we-boric acid no-100 g ushukela, owengezwa ku-1 litre lamanzi ashisayo.

Ukuvuna nokugcina isivuno sekhukhamba

Ukuvuna le ikhukhamba ehlukahlukene akuhlukile kwezinye eziningi. Ngesikhathi se-mass fruiting, izinyathelo ezinjalo zenziwa njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili. Izingane zokulondolozwa ziqoqwa kabili ngosuku - ekuseni nakusihlwa. Ukwandisa impilo yesheluli yesithelo kunconywa ukuba usike ngezikhali, kuyilapho kubalulekile ukushiya isiqu se-stem. Ngaphambi kokubeka ukhukhamba esiqandisini sokugcina isitoreji, kubalulekile ukuwashiya emoyeni ovulekile isikhathi esithile, kodwa emthunzini.

Namuhla, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuncintisana zamakhukhamba zifunwa ngabalimi bemifino. Njengoba isikhathi sikhombisa, ngokunakekelwa kahle, ukhukhamba zikhula zibe ngosayizi olufanele futhi kunambitheka kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzuzo ukuthi iqoqo eliphezulu lezinhlamvu zembewu lingenziwa ngokuzimela.

Izihloko Interesting