Siphakamisa ukuthi ujwayelane nezinhlobo zezinkomo ezigcwele endaweni yase-Altai. Phakathi kwazo kukhona iSimmental, i-Red Steppe, i-Kazakh emhlophe, i-Black-and-white nezinye. Izinkomo zokubeletha zithandwa kakhulu ekhaya nasemkhakheni wezimboni. Uma ukhetha uhlanga, kufanele uqondiswe kuqala ngenhloso ofuna ukuphakamisa izilwane - ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yobisi noma inyama.
I-Altai ingomunye wabaholi ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo yobisi nemikhiqizo eRussia
I-Altai idume ngamadlelo ayo ngezitshalo ezicebile, amanzi ahlanzekile nomoya. Inhlabathi lapha ayiphathwa ngama-supplements amaminerali namakhemikhali anobuthi. Izithako eziningi zokwelapha zikhula emazweni ase-Altai achuma.
Uyazi? Ngesikhathi sokuvinjelwa e-US, ama-bootleggers, abathengisi bokuphuza utshwala obungekho emthethweni, babegqoka izicathulo ezikhethekile zokubamba amapolisa. Kuboshwe kuphela yokhuni lwebhokisi, okwashiya imidwebo emhlabathini, ngokufana ncamashi nalabo bezinkomo zezinkomo.Uhlobo lwezinyosi, inyama kanye nemfuyo yezinyosi ezifuywayo kule ndawo. Amaphesenti angama-50 emhlambi wezimbuzi yizinkomo zikaSimmental. Izinkomo ezifuywayo e-Altai Territory zenza kube lula ukuthola ubisi obuphezulu, obucebile ezindabeni eziphilayo, amino acid kanye namaminerali abalulekile. Imikhiqizo yobisi evela kubalimi basendaweni inambitha eyingqayizivele futhi iyakwazisa kakhulu abathengi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinkomo ezidumile e-Altai Krai
Ukuqondiswa yizincazelo ezilandelayo, izici eziyinhloko nezithombe, uzokwazi ukukhetha uhlobo oluthile olukhiqizayo nolunzima kakhulu lwenyama noma ubisi.
Qaphela ivolumu yokukhiqiza ubisi kanye nokuhlatshwa inyama. Kubalulekile ukucabangela izici zobulunga, ikakhulukazi, amaprotheni kufanele abe okungenani ama-3%, futhi amafutha kufanele abe okungenani ama-3.4%.
Uyazi? E-India, ungathenga umchamo wezinkabi wezinkomo (izilwane ezingcwele ngesiHindu). Amakhasimende aphuza, ahlile esikhumbeni, ageze abantwana kuwo.
Simmental
Lolu hlobo lunye lwezindala kunabo bonke emhlabeni, lakhiwa eSwitzerland. Ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo kwenzeka ezinyathelweni eziningana - okhokho balezi zinhlobo zaziswa eSwitzerland ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-5, futhi zaphela kuphela engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-20. Lezi zinhlobo zatholakala ngokuwela izinkomo zaseScandinavia nezinhlobo zezinkomo zendawo. 
Ukubukeka:
- isisindo somntwana omdala - 550-870 kg, inkunzi - 900-1300 kg;
- izilwane zibhekwa ngumthethosisekelo oqinile, umzimba osungulwe kahle kanye nomzimba ofanayo;
- ukuphakama kokubuna kuyinto 135-140 cm, ubude bomzimba - 160-165 cm;
- ikhanda elikhulu, elibanzi engxenyeni engaphambili. Izimpondo zilula noma zimhlophe ziphelile;
- Isibuko sempumu namajwabu amehlo alula umbala omhlophe (enye yezibonakaliso zohlobo oluhlanzekile);
- intamo ifushane, imisipha ethuthukile. Iyabuna kabanzi, ihlangana ngokubuyisa okubanzi;
- esifubeni esijulile (ezinkomeni ezine-dewlap esethuthukile);
- Isikhumba sezinkomo sinzima;
- insikazi kaningi inomgqomo ohlangene, izingono zikhulu;
- I-suit of simmentals ihlukahluka emanzini amnyama kuya ku-red-motley; iningi lezi zinhlobo zibhekwa ngendwangu ephahleni-variegated.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokufunda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo zezinkomo ze-Simmental.
Uhlobo lweSwitzerland luwuhlobo oluhlangene. Ukuthandwa kwayo kubangelwa ukukhiqizwa ubisi oluphezulu kanye nekhwalithi enhle kakhulu yenkomo.
Izimfanelo ezikhiqizayo:
- ukhiqizwa ubisi ngonyaka ngonyaka ka-4000-5000 kg ngonyaka; kunezimo lapho inkomokazikazi inika u-10,000-14,000 kg ubisi ngonyaka;
- Umthamo we-milk fat cishe u-3.9-4.1% (kufika ku-6%); kunomdla omuhle kakhulu, ubhekwa ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaprotheni (cishe 4%) nendaba eyomile, kodwa amaphesenti aphansi amangqamuzana angama-somatic;
- izinga lokuthola isisindo liphakeme (ngonyaka onyakeni lowo muntu ufinyelela ku-430 kg wesisindo);
- Ukubulala inyama - 55-62%.
Inkomokazi ebomvu
Ukwakhiwa kwalolu hlobo kwakunzima futhi kunzima, umlando wezinhlobo zaqala ngekhulu le-XVIII. Inkomo itholakala e-Ukraine ngenxa yokuwela kwe-Red German, Angeln, Simmental, i-Red Ostfrislyand nezinkomo ezinamahlathi.
Ososayensi base-Ukraine bakwazi ukudala uhlobo oluthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabafuyi bemfuyo emhlabeni jikelele - phakathi kwezinkomo, i-Red Steppe inkoma yesibili inomboro.
Sikukwazisa ukuba ufunde ngezinkomo ezibomvu zezinkomo.
Ukubukeka:
- izilwane zalesi sizwe zinikwe umthethosisekelo owomile futhi oqinile. I-musculature ayithuthuki kahle;
- isisindo esibukhoma besilonda esikhulile singama-800-900 kg, kanti lokho kwabesifazane, ama-450-550 kg;
- ukuphakama kwesilwane esibukhali kuyinto engu-126-129 cm, ubude bomzimba obunyakazayo - 155-160 cm;
- umzimba uhlangene, u-angular. Ikhanda lincane, elincane;
- izimpondo ziqondiswa phambili, zinobukhulu obuphakathi nombala ompunga okhanyayo;
- intamo inomzimba omncane, isikhathi eside, inenqwaba yamapulangwe. Ukuvuna kuphakanyisiwe;
- isifuba esijulile, esicacile, hhayi ebanzi. I-subdema ayithuthuki kahle;
- izintambo zobude obuphakathi, ububanzi. Isisu sithandekayo, kodwa hhayi ukugxeka;
- imilenze iqonde, iqine;
- ubundwane obunamathele, ubukhulu obuphakathi, obunzima;
- I-suit iyibomvu kakhulu, kodwa kukhona izindawo ezimhlophe.
Inkomokazi ebomvu iwuhlobo lomkhiqizo wobisi. Ikhwalithi yenyama yakhuphuka kabi.Izimfanelo ezikhiqizayo:
- Ngokwesilinganiso, izinkomo ziletha ngonyaka kusuka ku-3 000 kuya ku-5 000 kg ubisi (ubuthi bezinhlobo ezicatshangelwayo buxhomeke endaweni yezulu - ezindaweni ezisezintabeni, ubisi oluvuthiwe buyi-3000-3500 kg, kwezinye izindawo umkhiqizo ungama-4500-5000 kg ubisi ngonyaka);
- ubisi lunomzimba omuhle kakhulu; okuqukethwe kwayo kunamafutha angu-3.6-3.7%, okuqukethwe okungamaprotheni kungu-3.20-3.58%;
- Ubumnandi buphakeme (amathole afinyelela ku-6-180 kg ngezinyanga ezingu-6; nge-fattening enhle, isilinganiso senani lesisindo nsuku zonke singama-600-900 g);
- ukuhlamba inyama - 53% (ukukhiqizwa kokudla okunamafutha okunyuka kakhulu).
Kubalulekile! Imfuyo ebomvu i-Red cow izodinga umbhede wendwangu kanye nesiteji esikhulu. Zondla futhi zimanzi kufanele zibe izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku, ukudla kanye namanzi kufanele kube sezingeni lokushisa. Ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo zezindlu, inkomo yakho izokhiqiza inzalo izikhathi ezine eminyakeni emithathu.
Izinkomo ezimnyama namhlophe
Lezi zinhlobo zatholakala ngokuwela i-Black-motley IsiSweden, izinhlanga ze-Ostfrizian nezinkomo zendawo. Namuhla yilohlobo oluvame kakhulu nokukhiqiza kakhulu ezweni. 
Ukubukeka:
- isisindo semfuyo eneminyaka engu-450-650 kg, izinkomo zokukhiqiza - 850-1200 kg;
- abameleli balezi zinhlobo banomthethosisekelo oqinile. I-torso ilingana, ihlukaniswe kancane;
- ubude bomzimba obunamathele - 158-162 cm. Izilwane ezidala ziphakeme kakhulu (ukukhula kwezinkomo ezomile ku-128-135, izinkunzi - 138-156 cm);
- isifuba singaphakathi, ububanzi bayo buyi-70-75 cm.
- ikhanda elihlanganiswe nentamo ephakathi. Izimpondo zimpunga, ziphelile;
- isikhumba esikhulayo, umthamo womthamo;
- Suit black and motley, ngezikhathi ezithile ungathola umbala obomvu ne-motley.
Sincoma ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nohlobo lwezinkomo ezimnyama-motley.
Izimfanelo ezikhiqizayo:
- inkomo inika isilinganiso sama-3,700-4,500 kg ubisi ngonyaka (ukuzalisa, ukukhiqiza ubisi kukhula ngo-30% futhi kungama-7,000 kg nokuningi);
- Imikhiqizo yobisi ihlukaniswa ukunambitheka okumnandi, okumnandi, okucebile;
- Ubisi lwe-milk buhluka kusuka ku-2.5 kuya ku-4.8%, umkhiqizo uqukethe amaprotheni angu-3.1-3.4%;
- abantu bakwandisa ngokushesha ukuphumula inyama (ngokudla okunomsoco ezinyangeni eziyi-16 zokuphila, amathole afinyelela ku-450 kg isisindo);
- ukubulala inyama okhiqizwayo - kufika ku-50%.
I-Whitehead yaseKazakh
I-white-headed Kazakh itholakala eKazakhstan ngokuwela izinkunzi zaseNereford ngezinkomo zamaKazakh naseKalmyk.
Ukubukeka:
- inqwaba yezinkunzi i-850-1000 kg, nezinkomo - 500-560 kg;
- ukuphakama kokubuna kufinyelela ku-123-130 cm, ubude bomzimba oblique - 150 cm;
- Inkomo inehlobo oluthile lomzimba wenyama - i-compact ngamathambo aqinile nemisipha ethuthukile. Umzimba u-squat futhi ububanzi, amahlombe amakhulu, amakhulu;
- eduze kwasebusika, ijazi elide, elibukhali likhula. Le suti ibomvu ngezindawo ezimhlophe;
- Uhlu oluphawulekayo kanye nesibonakaliso sohlobo yilona ikhanda elikhulu lombala omhlophe, oqoshwe ngezimpondo ezinkulu, ehlukanisiwe.
Kubalulekile! Izinkinga ze-white-headed Kazakh zihlanganisa ukulahlekelwa ukukhwabanisa inyama, ukuhlukumeza kwezinkomo ngamathole ekudleni, kanye namasipha amancane, okuvimbela amandla okuphilisa ukuthi avuleke ngokugcwele.Izimfanelo ezikhiqizayo:
- uketshezi oluvuthiwe lobisi oluvela kwenkomo ngonyaka luyi-3000-3500 kg;
- inkomo inikeza ubisi olunamafutha amnandi (amafutha angu-4.3%) okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaprotheni (cishe 4%);
- izinkomo zinezinzuzo eziphakeme zansukuzonke (nge-fattening eqinile ngaminyaka nesigamu, isisindo esibukhoma sifinyelela ku-450-480 kg);
- ukuhlatshwa inyama kwenzoni eziphethwe kahle kunama-55-65% (izinkomo zinemfanelo emihle yeenyama, inyama enomsoco inamafutha aphakathi kwemisipha).
Aberdeen-Angus
Izinkomo ezifuyelwe eNgilandi, esifundeni sase-Aberdeen, esenyakatho yeScotland.
Ukubukeka:
- lapho esekhulile, abesifazane balinganisa u-550-600 kg, izinkunzi - 850 kg;
- Izinhlobo zezinkomo ze-Aberdeen-Angus zihlukaniswa namafomu enziwa kahle - umzimba owubude obulinganiselwe, obunzima, obunzulu, nemilenze emifushane;
- Ubude bomzimba obunama-stering ngu-132 cm. Ubukhulu obunzima - 118-120 cm;
- isici esiyinhloko se-Anguss ukungabi khona kwezimpondo;
- ikhanda liyingcosana, liyingxenye ebusweni obufushane. Intamo ifushane, ngokuthuthukiswa okunamandla kwemisipha;
- ubuna, buyela, uhambe futhi uphumele ngqo, obanzi, imisipha;
- Izimpawu zobisi ezinkomeni azithuthuki kahle;
- amathambo aphansi futhi aqinile. Isikhumba asizinene, ngezicubu ezithuthukiswe kahle;
- Ngokuvamile izilwane zinetifa elimnyama, abantu abomvu obomvu noma obomvu bavela kaningi kakhulu.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinkomo ze-Aberdeen-Angus.
Izimfanelo ezikhiqizayo:
- ukhiqizwa ubisi wenkomo kuphansi - isilinganiso samabele wonyaka ngonyaka ngu-1,400 kg ngonyaka;
- ubisi lunomthelela othakazelisayo, lucebile amaprotheni (cishe 4%), okuqukethwe kwamanoni omkhiqizo ngu-4%;
- ukuhlonipha ukutholakala kwesisindo kuphakeme (isisindo samathole ekuqothuleni sifinyelela ku-200 kg);
- isisindo sokuxoshwa kwenyama yezilwane ezinamafutha kunama-65-70% (izinkomo zihlukaniswa ngenyama ephezulu).
Izinkomo zase-Ayrshire
Uhlobo lwase-Ayrshire lwezinkomo luvela eScottish County of Ayr (owazalwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-1862). Izinkunzi nezinkomo zaseScotland, okhokho babo ababeyizinhlobo eziningana - iThewater, iDutch ne-Alderney, basetshenziselwa ukuthola i-Ayrshires.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinkomo ze-Ayrshire.
Ukubukeka:
- isisindo sezinyane - 400-480 kg, inkunzi - 700-800 kg;
- ukuphakama kumile amasentimitha angu-125, ubude bomzimba - 155 cm;
- umzimba ngokomzimba. Umzimba uhle kakhulu;
- ikhanda lincane, kodwa libukeka livumelana. Izimpondo ezinkulu ezikhanyayo zihlelwe ezinhlangothini nangaphezulu (ngesimo se-lyre);
- intamo iqine, ifushane. Ingemuva ibanzi, igcwele. Isifuba sincane nge-dewlap;
- izitho ezincane, imisipha, enezinselo ezinamandla;
- umbele ufana nendebe, inkulu, ngesikhumba esincane esikhumba; ama-nipples ahlukene kakhulu, imifino ihlukaniswe kahle;
- ijazi lincane. Isilwane sinombala omuhle obomvu obomvu onamabala amhlophe noma amhlophe ngamachashazi.
Izinkomo zase-Ayrshire ziyingxenye yokuqondiswa komkhiqizo wobisi. Uhlobo luhlukaniswa nokukhiqizwa ubisi njalo. Izilwane nazo zithola inyama ephezulu. 
Izimfanelo ezikhiqizayo:
- ngonyaka, inkomo inikeza ama-7000 amalitha yobisi (ukukhiqiza kuqhubeka iminyaka eminingi);
- amafutha obisi - 4-4,6%, ekwakheni isilinganiso samaprotheni angu-3.5%;
- Ubisi buhlwabusayo kakhulu, buphilile, ngokuvamile ukudla komntwana kwenziwa kuwo;
- izinkunzi zamathole zithola isisindo ngokushesha (ngaphambi konyaka owodwa zilinganisa ngaphakathi kuka-400 kg);
- Ukubulala inyama - 55%.
Kubalulekile! Uma uhlela ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yobisi, bese ukhetha izinhlobo zezinkomo ezinezivuno eziphezulu. Isici esiyinhloko salezi zinkomo ngumudanso omkhulu.
Ekuphetheni, siyaqaphela ukuthi ayikho imikhakha emibi, ngoba zonke zazakhiwa ngokuvumelana nezidingo ezithile. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha inkomo yokuhlala epulazini lekhaya, ukuhlola ngokulinganayo izinzuzo nezinkinga zayo, futhi ugcine ngokucophelela izimo zokugcina nokudla.
