Izikhukhula zezinkukhu, eqinisweni, ziyimifino. Uma iqhude lohlobo olulodwa ludluliselwa ngezinkukhu zezinye izinhlobo, zithola iziphambano. Lena inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba kuyadingeka ukhethe umhlabeleli omele kakhulu ozalweni bakho kanye nabesifazane abaqine kakhulu nabanamandla kakhulu (kungenzeka kube neziningana, ngisho nezinhlobo eziningana). Abakwa-Zootechnik babe namafomu akhethekile lapho kuwela khona, futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho nokumpompela igazi kuvunyelwe. Ake sibone ukuthi yisiphi isiphambano esiphambuka izinkukhu kubhekwa njengcono kakhulu ekuqondeni kweqanda.
Izici ezihlukile zama-cross cross
Kuye kwafakazelwa ngokwesayensi ukuthi ama-cross females aqinile, aguquke kangcono futhi abe nokukhiqiza okuphakeme. Noma kunjalo, ukusebenza okunjalo kubonakala kuphela esizukulwaneni sokuqala. Okusho ukuthi ukuqonda isizukulwane sesibili futhi ngokuqhubekayo akusho ukuthi kunengqondo. 
Ngakho-ke, iziphambano zivame ukugcinwa emapulazini ezimboni, azizuzi amapulazi angasese, ngoba kufanele athenge izinkukhu minyaka yonke.
Imigomo yokukhethwa kwamaqanda amaqanda
Izinkukhu ezizala ziphethe izinkomba ezimbili: inyama kanye neqanda. Iziphambano eziqondisa amaqanda zikhonjiswa ngokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda aphezulu. Uma uqhathanisa nemikhiqizo, ungqimba lwe-hybrid ungaveza amaqanda angama-300 ngonyaka, kanti ummeli wohlobo oluhlanzekile - kuphela kufika ku-200, umehluko ubonakala kakhulu.
Uyazi? Inkulumo edumile "izinkukhu zezinkukhu" ezithinta ubuwula bezinyoni akulona iqiniso. Ngakho-ke, izinyoni zekhanda futhi zihlukanisa ubuso obukhulu bomuntu nezihlobo, qaphela umnikazi, ukugcina isikhathi (ukuqondiswa kwesikhathi).
Imigomo yokukhetha izinkukhu:
- Ukubukeka. Ngokubukeka, le nyoni kumele ihlanzeke. I-plumage ayikwazi ukuba nezimpawu zokukhula noma ukukhula, ngoba lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu uyagula. Qinisekisa ukuthi unake izimpaphe ezungeze i-anus. Uma kukhona izinsalela zemfucuza, kusho ukuthi ungqimba lungangena ekutheleleni kwamathumbu. Futhi, le nyoni akufanele ibe mncane kakhulu noma ikhuluphele, ukusebenza kwayo kuxhomeke kuyo.
- Isikhumba. Umbala wesikhumba womuntu ophilile unombala ophuzi. Uma ubona ukuphuziza kwesikhumba, kungase kusho ukuthi le nyoni inezinkinga ezinkulu zesibindi. Lokhu kungathinta ukukhiqizwa kweqanda lakhe nempilo yakhe.
- Keel. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke umuntu uyagula nge-rickets.
- Inhloko. Ikhefu elibomvu noma elibomvu lesimo esivamile, elifudumele kulokhu kuthinta luphawu lwenyoni enempilo. Amehlo kumele abe mhlophe, imilenze ngaphandle kokukhula, namakha amile. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi lowo muntu unempilo.
- UBelly. Uma le nyoni ithambile kodwa isanwebeka, ungqimba olunjalo lubhekwa kufanelekile.
- Izinyawo. Kuqondile kuphela. Kufanele futhi kube nokuhlukaniswa kabanzi, okubonisa ikhono eliphezulu lokukhiqiza iziphambano.
- Ukudla. Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, le nyoni kufanele ibe yinto evamile. Amanoni amanengi namtjhana ubuhlungu obuhlungu abukho ekuhleleni.
- Amathanga amancane. Ibanga eliphakathi kwabo akufanele libe neminwe engaphezu kwemi-3. Futhi ibanga ukusuka ekupheleni kwe-keel kuya emathanjeni ashicilelo akulo mkhulu kuneminwe emine.
- Umsebenzi. Inkukhu ayikwazi ukuba yi-lethargic, ngoba ikhuluma ngempilo embi, ehlobene ngqo nokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda.
- Ihlambalaza. Akufanele kube khona. Phela, lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ukuwela kwakuhlobene eduze. Inyoni enjalo ngeke ikhiqize amaqanda amaningi.
Ukukhetha okuhle kokubeka ama-hen cross kuyinto isiqinisekiso sokusebenza okuphezulu.
Abameli abakhulu
Ngokuya kombala wegobolondo, amaqanda eziphambano angahlukaniswa abe mhlophe futhi asundu. Okulandelayo, cabangela abamele lezi zigaba.
Izinhlobo zezinkukhu zokuqondisa kweqanda nazo zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezifana nesidlaliso esikhulu, isidlaliso esibomvu, i-rhodonite, umnyama waseMoravian.
Iziphambano ezimhlophe
Amaqanda amhlophe athatha izinkukhu, lapho kuzalwa khona i-Leggorn ekukhuleni. Lona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu emhlabeni. Umbala wezinsalela kulabo abamele lolu hlobo kungenzeka ube nsundu, omnyama, okwesibhakabhaka, wegolide, kodwa kaningi umhlophe.
I-Leghorn ihlukaniswa ngokusheshisa okusheshayo, ukukhuthazela okuhle nokuqapha.
Kubalulekile! Izinkukhu - izidalwa azikhulumi njengamahansi, kepha ngeke ukwazi ukuhlala uthule. Izinyoni ziphawula ngalokho okukwenzekayo, thatha uphakamisane. Kodwa-ke, uma indlu yakho yenkukhu ihlale ithulile, kungase ibe isignali ukunaka impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo.
I-Belarus 9-U
Isiphambano esithandwa kakhulu, esithathwe okokuqala eBelarus kusukela ku-White Leghorn naseCalifornia ezikhuphukile. Izinyoni ezinkulu ezimhlophe ezinokukhiqizwa kweqanda eliphakathi. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo esilinganisweni singaba ngu-2 kg;
- ukondla ukudla - kufika ku-115 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-260 ngonyaka.
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuncintisana ukuhambisana nezimo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu zezinyoni.
Borki-117
Kungacatshangwa uhlobo oluthuthukisiwe lwesiphambano seBelarus 9-U. Ibukeka bufana kakhulu nohlobo olwedlule, kodwa ukusebenza ku-25% ngaphezulu. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo esilinganisweni singaba ngu-2 kg;
- ukondla ukudla - kufika ku-115 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-345 ngonyaka.
Bred e-Ukraine, iKharkiv UAAN emuva ngo-1973, kodwa kuze kube ngu-1998 isiphambano sathuthukiswa, sithuthukisa izici zekhwalithi.
I-Dekalb emhlophe
Izinkukhu zezinkukhu ezihlanzekile zamaqanda. Iphethwe yinkampani edumile yaseDutch i-Hendrix Genetics ngokubambisana ne-Institute of Animal Husbandry ISA.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezici zokuzalanisa i-decalb ekhaya.
Lezi zinyoni ziyisisindo esincane kakhulu, kodwa ngeqhwa elikhulu, ngokuvamile liwela eceleni. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo esiphakathi - 1.6 kg;
- ukondla ukudla - kufika ku-110 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-415 ngonyaka.
Umlingisi ozolile unesiphambano esiphambanweni, yingakho izinyoni zihlala kahle ekhaya. Indawo ebuthakathaka yezinyoni zaseDutch ukuzwela ukushintsha nokucindezeleka. Ukushintsha komnikazi, inkukhu yekhanda, ukuhlaselwa kwesihlobo, nezinye izimo ezicindezelayo kungenza izinkukhu zihlaziye, zikhathazeke futhi zithinte umkhiqizo.
Isa White
Ukubhalwa kwalesi sivumelwano, njengokwedlule, kungokwamaHandrix Genetics okukhathazayo. Ezindabeni zokuphathwa kwezilwane, le nkampani uhlobo lwamazinga omgangatho. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo sesilinganiso - 1.8 kg;
- ukudla okudla - hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-110 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-420 ngonyaka.
Izinyoni ezizolile nezenobungane zika-Isa White azikona nje kuphela ezenzelwe umkhiqizo, kodwa nakwabalimi basekhaya. Ukunakekelwa kalula, ukungathobeki ezimweni nokudla, ube nomzimba omuhle kakhulu.
Loman White
Izinyoni ezincane, ezikhanyayo futhi ezingenayo yonke izinyoni ezihamba phambili zalesi sihlahla zingezona ngokuqondile ngokuqondisa kweqanda. Isimo sokuthula sihlobene nendlela yokuphila ekhuthele kakhulu, lezi zinyoni ziyaqhubeka zihamba phambili. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo esilinganisiwe - kufika ku-1.7 kg;
- ukudla okudliwa - ayikho ngaphezu kuka-100 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-350 ngonyaka.
Akubonakali nje ngenani eliphakeme lamaqanda ngonyaka, kodwa futhi nesisindo esikhulu seqanda (lingangena ku 64 g / ucezu). Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izinkuni ezimhlophe zeLohman zigijima unyaka wonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezulu siyini.
Qala H-23
Umgwaqo waseRussia wabhalwa ngesisekelo sohlobo lweLeggorn. Ikhomba ekuqondeni kweqanda, kodwa ingasetshenziswa kalula ekukhiqizeni inyama. 
Izinhlamvu:
- Isisindo sesilinganiso - kufika ku-2 kg;
- ukudla okudla - hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-110 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angu-280-300 ngonyaka.
Ezinkulu, kodwa ezingenakuzithoba ekudleni izinyoni. Ahluke nje kuphela kwinani eliphakeme lamaqanda elibekiwe ngonyaka, kodwa futhi ngobukhulu bamaqanda afanayo (ngokwesilinganiso, 60-62 g / piece).
I-Hisex White
Omunye weziphambano ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Zinezimpande zaseDashi, zitholakala enxanxathela yeLeggorn neNew Hampshire yeHendrix Genetics. 
Izinhlamvu:
- Isisindo sesilinganiso - kufika ku-1.8 kg;
- ukudla okudliwa - ayikho ngaphezu kuka-100 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda ama-300 ngonyaka.
Uyazi? I-Ukraine (i-Ukrainian SSR) yayiyinye yamazwe okuqala ukwethula lezi cross crosses ezikhiqizayo. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwazalwa ngonyaka ka-1970, futhi emva kweminyaka emine izinyoni zathola enye yamapulazi ahlangene ezweni. Imiphumela emangalisayo isheshe isakaze izinyoni zalezi zinhlobo cishe kulo lonke i-USSR. Ngo-1985 kuphela, izinyoni zazisakaza kwamanye amazwe namazwekazi, futhi ngo-1998 zavela kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica.
Uhlukana nokuzivikela komzimba omuhle kakhulu (kufaka phakathi nezifo ze-fungal kanye ne-helminths). Kubhekwa njengezinhlobo ezibonakalayo zezomnotho ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okusanhlamvu okuphansi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukukhiqizwa kweqanda eliphakeme.
I-High Line W-36
I-egg cross, ebelethwe e-USA yi-Hi-Line International, ngakho-ke igama lezinhlobo. Thayipha i-W-36 iyona ekhiqiza kakhulu kulo lonke umugqa. 
Izinhlamvu:
- Isisindo sesilinganiso - kufika ku-2 kg;
- ukudla okudla - 110 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-290 ngonyaka.
Izinhlanzi, izinyoni eziphilayo, enikeza amaqanda amaningi. Akuyona ingcindezi yokucindezeleka, ukungqubuzana nokuhlukunyezwa ngaphakathi kwethimba labo.
Umthunzi omhlophe
Lesi siphambano sakhiwa eJalimane futhi sibonakala ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu nokusetshenziswa okuphansi kokudla. 
Izinhlamvu:
- Isisindo sesilinganiso - kufika ku-2 kg;
- ukondla ukudla - kufika ku-110 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-350 ngonyaka.
Ziyasebenza futhi zibuza, ziyaqhubeka futhi zifuna izinto ezikuzo endaweni eyabelwe zona. Impilo yezinyoni iyinto enhle kakhulu, kodwa izwela emakhazeni nasebusweni.
Funda ngezici zokukhula izinkukhu zezinkomo: ezimhlophe, ezibomvu, ezimnyama.
I-Cross Crosses
Njengabamhlophe, bahlukaniswa ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu, ngoba uLilhorny naye wabamba iqhaza ekudalweni kwabo. Nakuba manje isisekelo salezi zinqamuzana ngokuvamile sizala iRhode Island neNew Hampshire. Ukuhlukana okuyinhloko kwabamhlophe kuyisisindo esikhulu sezinyoni, amaqanda amakhulu, ukumelana nokucindezeleka nokukhuthazela kangcono.
I-Bovans Gold Line
Omunye wezidumbu ezithandwa kakhulu ensimini ye-Ukraine, lapho aphethwe khona. Izinyoni ezinkulu ezinwabuzelayo zikhiqiza ezinkulu (62-64 g / pc.) Amaqanda ama Brown. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo somuntu ngamunye - kusuka ku-2 kg;
- ukudla okudla - 114 g ngosuku;
- umkhiqizo - amaqanda angama-332 ngonyaka.
Ngokwesisindo / isondlo isilinganiso, kubhekwa njengezinhlobo ezikhiqizayo kakhulu. Angasetshenziselwa amaqanda kuphela, kodwa futhi angasetshenziselwa inyama.
Umbala we-Borki
Izilwane zase-Ukraine zahlonywa ePolka Experimental Farm e-Institute of Poultry UAAS eKharkov. I-cross-color cross, lapho abesifazane besundu, futhi abesilisa bamhlophe. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo somuntu ngamunye - 2.1 kg;
- ukondla ukudla - kufika ku-115 g ngosuku;
- umkhiqizo - amaqanda angama-260 ngonyaka.
Banika amaqanda aphakathi okulingana aphakathi kuka-60 g / pc. Ihluke ezinhlobonhlobo ezilula zokuthola i-hybrid, ubungqabavu nokuchithwa kokunqunywa kocansi (ngosuku lokuqala ukuchithwa kokuhlukanisa umbala kufinyelela ku 97-98%).
Okukhulu kakhulu 102
Izinyoni ezinkulu ezimnyama, ezitholakala ngokuwela izinhlobo zeRhodeland. NjengaBorki, ihlukaniswe ngokucacile ngobulili embala wezintambo - izinkukhu ziluhlaza, kanti ama-roosters amhlophe. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo somuntu ngamunye - kufika ku-2.5 kg;
- ukudla okudla - 125 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-315 ngonyaka.
Izinyoni ezinamandla nezikhiqizayo zingatshalwa inyama kanye namaqanda. Bathanda ukushisa, ngakho-ke kusukela e-hypothermia ingagula, ifuna ukudla. Ukondla ngokudla okungafanelekile kubhekene nokunciphisa isikhathi sokubeka amaqanda, ukwehla okujwayelekile kwenani lamaqanda abekayo.
Ngokuphambene nemigwaqo eminingi, amatshwele aphezulu anezinhlobo zomama.
Isa Brown
U-Netherlands uwela, njengo-Isa White. Amantombazane alezi zinhlobo anesundu, kanti abesilisa bayabhanya - i-yellow-beige. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo somuntu ngamunye - 1.9 kg;
- ukudla okudla - 110 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-320 ngonyaka.
Izinkukhu ezinkulu zinika amaqanda amakhulu amakhulu (63-64 g / pc). Kulula ukunakekelwa futhi okukhethiwe kakhulu.
ULohman Brown
Inkampani yeBrown ehamba phambili yaseJalimane uLohmann Tierzucht. Izinyoni zaseLohman (White and Brown) zithandwa kakhulu eNtshonalanga Yurophu naseNingizimu Melika. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zikhona kusukela eminyakeni engu-50 futhi zaba uphawu lwayo nkampani. 
Ababelethi be-Breeding Lohman banquma inkinga esiphuthumayo ngeminyaka yokuthungatha impi - balondoloze ukukhiqiza okukhulu ngokushintsha izimo zangaphandle (isimo sezulu, ukudla).
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo somuntu ngamunye - 1.74 kg;
- ukudla okudla - 102 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angu-280-300 ngonyaka.
Igama elithile lezinhlobo "yikhukhu elibomvu" ngenxa yomthunzi obomvu wezimpaphe ezimnyama. Noma kunjalo, ukuhluka kombala nokukhanyisa okukhanyayo nokunyama kuyakuvunyelwa.
Intuthuko
Isiphambano saseRussia, sakhulelwa ePenza ePachelma goslemptitszavod. Futhi unemehluko embala kuye ngokuthi ubulili. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo somuntu ngamunye - kufika ku-3 kg;
- ukudla okudla - 155 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angu-260 ngonyaka.
Hisex Brown
Njengengubo emhlophe yesiphambano, ingenye yezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu emhlabeni. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo somuntu ngamunye - kufika ku-2 kg;
- ukondla ukudla - kufika ku-110 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angu-365 ngonyaka.
Ubekezelele umkhuhlane, ungashesha unyaka wonke. Kukhiqiza kakhulu kune-subspecies emhlophe.
Okuphezulu kwe-Brown
Izikhombisi-ndlela ze-egg cross American. Uhlobo olulula oluthulile olunomkhiqizo omuhle wezempilo nokukhiqiza amaqanda. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo somuntu ngamunye - 1.65-1.74 kg;
- ukudla okudla - 110 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-330 ngonyaka.
Ukuphila okunokuthula nokuzivikela okunamandla kwenza lezi zinhlobo zikhangele ukukhulisa izinyoni, kodwa izinhlobo ezimhlophe zibhekwa njengezizuzisa ngokwezomnotho.
I-High Line Silver Silver
Eminye i-subspecies ye-High Line cross, izinyoni zinemifino emhlophe, kodwa zithwala amaqanda asundu. 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo somuntu ngamunye - kufika ku-1.75 kg;
- ukudla okudla - 110 g ngosuku;
- umkhiqizo - amaqanda angu-330-350 ngonyaka.
Imisa, ukukhiqiza nezinye izici azifani kakhulu nama-subspecies ama-brown.
I-Tetra SL
Isiqhelo esingavamile saseHungary iBabna TETRA esinamaqanda abomvu obomvu nezinyosi ezibomvu zezinyoni. Isisindo samaqanda sinyene kakhulu (63-65 g / pc.). 
Izinhlamvu:
- isisindo somuntu ngamunye - kufika ku-2 kg;
- ukondla ukudla - kufika ku 125 g ngosuku;
- ukukhiqiza - amaqanda angama-305 ngonyaka.
Eyaziwa ngokukhula okusheshayo nokuvuthwa kwezinsizwa, ezithandana nazo ezifuywayo ezizimele. Akubhekwa nje iqanda, kodwa futhi uhlobo lwenyama ngenxa yenyama ephezulu yokudla.
Izikhonkwane zezinkukhu zokuqondisa kweqanda: amathiphu okugcinwa nokunakekelwa
Ukuze usebenze kahle ezweni elidlula izwe kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho yokunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwezinyoni. Phela, ngisho nabantu abanempilo enhle bangagula ngezimo ezingenele zokuboshwa.
Uzobe nesithakazelo sokufunda mayelana nokuzikhethela kokugcina ekhaya ezinjalo izinkukhu ezisenqenqemeni ezinzima kakhulu, i-hercules, i-avicolor, umbala we-pharma, isikhala.
Izidingo eziyisisekelo:
- indawo yokuhlala unomphela yenyoni kufanele ihlanzeke futhi ivuleke ngokwanele;
- abantu kumele babe nokufinyelela okungavinjelwe kwamanzi amasha njalo;
- akudingekile ukuba udlule futhi unganciphisi amazinga okunconywa kokudla okuphakanyisiwe kwezinhlobo zezinyoni, ngoba lokhu kungabangela izifo;
- Ukuhlola njalo imfuyo ukuthola izinambuzane kanye nezibonakaliso zesifo sobuningi kuzokusiza ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa kwezendlalelo.
Ukulandela le mithetho, uqinisekisiwe ukuvikela imfuyo yezinyoni ezifweni, ngcono ikhwalithi yamaqanda.Kubalulekile! Cabanga ukuthi elinye lamaphuzu abuthakathaka emithanjeni eminingi yindlela yokuzalwa yabesifazane, noma kunalokho, ukungabi khona kwayo. Uma udinga izinyoni ukuze zizalise, kufanele ngokushesha uzicabange isidingo se-incubator noma ukudala izimo ze-incubator ekhaya. Uma inyoni isitshala inyama noma amaqanda, lesi sici sezakhi zofuzo, kunalokho kunenzuzo kunokungabi nengozi.
Kuye ngezidingo epulazi lakho, izinhlobo ezithile zezinkukhu zizokwenza. Noma yiziphi iziphambano ozikhethayo, ungakhohlwa ngezidingo eziyisisekelo zokunakekelwa kwezinyoni: ukuhlanzeka, ukuvimbela kanye nokudla okunomsoco.
