Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi uma kungekho magatsha omile esihlahleni, sikhula ngokujwayelekile, siqhakaza ngesikhathi futhi silethe amajikijolo, khona-ke awukwazi ukukunaka. Kodwa-ke, empeleni, ukugawula ama-gooseberries inqubo eyimpoqo, ngaphandle kwawo lesi sitshalo ngeke sikhule kahle.
Kungani futhi yini ugqumugqumu usikiwe
Ama-Gooseberry anganikeza amahlumela amaningi. Kepha uma ungalawuli le nqubo, isihlahla somhluzi sizokhula ngokushesha futhi masishintshe sibe ngamathokheni anodaka nezithelo ezincane ze-acid.
Izizathu zokunquma
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ungagawula kanjani i-gooseberries kuphela, kodwa nokuthi kungani, ukuyenza nini. Isizathu sokuqala ukuthi ama-spiky akhula ngokusobala ngeke ahlobise isiza.
Ukuthena ugqumugqumu
Kepha futhi:
- ngokukhula okuqinile, amahlumela athola ukukhanya okuncane futhi amajikijolo mancane;
- ngenxa yokugcwala kwamagatsha, ubungozi bokusabalala kwezifo nokubukeka kwezinambuzane kuphezulu;
- amahlumela amasha adinga izakhamzimba eziningi, kepha okulandelayo kuya ngokuya kuncipha, futhi ngenxa yalokho baba buthaka;
- uma ungawunwayi isikhathi eside amagatsha, ayakhuphuka kakhulu, awele ngaphansi kwesisindo sawo emhlabathini, bese kuthi emuva kwesikhathi athole izimpande njengawo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-gooseberry akagcini ngokuyeka ukunikeza izitshalo, kodwa abe ngumakhelwane oyingozi, ngenxa yokuthi izifo kanye nezinambuzane zingaqhubeka zisabalala engadini. Ngenkathi ukugunda okufika ngesikhathi kukuvumela ukuthi ugweme konke lokhu, uma nje ungazibekezela.
Yini kufanele yenziwe yilowo nalowo ongumgcini wegadi ukuthi kufanele ayenze nini futhi kanjani? Umgomo oyinhloko wokukhwabanisa okunjalo akukhona nje ukuqeda amagatsha amadala noma anesifo, kepha ukwakha isihlahla lapho amahlumela weminyaka ehlukene ezohlala khona, zombili lezo ezisezingeni eliphakeme lokukhiqiza kanye nelincane.
Ithuluzi lamathuluzi
Ukunquma isihlahla - noma ngabe yikuphi, kuhlukunyezwe esitshalweni, noma ngabe konke kwenziwa ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha amathuluzi engadi afanele.
Ukunaka! Onke amathuluzi kufanele abe mahle - abukhali, abe sezingeni eliphakeme, uma kungenzeka - amasha, futhi kungcono ukukhetha izimo zesisindo esikhanyayo kanye nokusingathwa kwerabha.
Vele, udinga ukuthatha ummese obukhali kakhulu wegadi, ozohlanza ukungahambisani nokusikeka (futhi ngokuqinisekile uzohlala), kanye ne-pruner esezingeni eliphakeme. Amathuluzi aqine kakhulu ngeke adingeke, ngoba amagatsha ama-gooseberries awawona awugqinsi abakhulu. Okuhlukile yizihlahla ezindala - ekujuleni kwamagatsha awo awugqinsi, lapho kuzodingeka khona ukubola okuyisisekelo.
Amagilavu okuphepha okunciphisa
Sisadinga ukunakekela okokuvikela. Okokuqala, lawa ama-mittens, ngoba sikhuluma ngezihlahlana ezinamahlumela. Okwesibili, sidinga izingilazi zepulasitiki ezivikelayo kanye ne-respirator. Ukuze wenze wonke umsebenzi wokulungisa usekubo kuphela ukuze uthuli lungangeni emehlweni nasephephini lokuphefumula, alucasuli i-conjunctivitis kanye nemiphumela yokungezwani komzimba.
Isakhiwo esifanele sesihlahla sama-gooseberries
Ukuthola ukuthi unquma kanjani ama-gooseberries, udinga ukuqonda ukwakheka kwawo. Lesi sitshalo isihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi amaningi esivame ukukhula sifinyelele ku-150 cm ukuphakama.
Isisekelo sesihlahla sibizwa ngokuthi umsuka wempande - amahlumela embozwe ngezipikili akhiwa kusuka ezinsobeni ezakhiwe lapha. Ezitshalweni ezigugile impela, ikhola ezimpande ingakhula kakhulu, ifinyelele osayizi abaqinile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Amahlumela amasha asisekelo angakheka kuyo yonke impilo yesihlahla. Ngokwesilinganiso, ama-gooseberry akhula ngokukhululeka angakhula aze afinyelele kuma-60 amahlumela, noma kunjalo, umkhiqizo wawo uzohluka. Kulawo akhula phakathi kwesihlahla, amajikijolo akha kuphela phezulu.
Uhlelo lwezimpande zama-gooseberry lincike ekutheni ihlathi lakhula kanjani. Uma kusuka embewini, khona-ke shrub iyoba nezimpande zezimpande. Uma ama-bush atholakala ngokudla, okungukuthi, ukusakazeka kwenziwa ngokuncipha noma kokubekwa, uhlelo luzokwenziwa ngezimpande ezingaphansi.
Amandla we-gooseberries ukubuyisela amahlumela ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Isibonelo, izinhlobo iWarsaw neHorton zibuyiselwa ngokushesha. Lesi sakamuva singakhiqiza amagatsha amasha angama-25-30 esihlahleni seminyaka eyisithupha. Kepha, ngokwesibonelo, uhlobo lwePhenicum lunikeza amahlumela ambalwa.
Ngonyaka wesibili ngemuva kokutshala isihlahla, amahlumela ezimpande anikeza ukukhula. Zingaba mfushane futhi zinde. Kunama-buds amaningi ezithelo ezikhula ngamafuphi, okuthi ekugcineni, ngemuva kweminyaka engama-2-3, aphenduke amalulwane okuthiwa yi-pods. Lezi zokugcina zivame ukuhlala iminyaka emi-3-4, bese zomile, kepha azidingi ukusikwa, zona uqobo ziyawa. Ngenxa yalokhu, emagatsheni aneminyaka eyisikhombisa noma eyisishiyagalombili ubudala, isivuno sincishiswa kakhulu, futhi kuyisiko ukuwasika.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Bush
Ukuze ube izihlahla ezifanele esihlahleni, kufanele usebenzise umyalo wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo onaka iminyaka yesitshalo.
Isihlahla sonyaka
Ungasika kanjani ama-gooseberries:
- ukuthenwa kokuqala kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala isithombo emhlabathini;
- isitshalo sihlolwe ngokucophelela futhi sisuswe yonke amahlumela angenamandla, kanye nalawo akhula ngokuvundile;
- amagatsha asele asikwa ukuze ama-4-5 efihlekile aqhubeke, abale kusukela emazingeni aphansi.
Kubalulekile! Akunakusho ukuthi ungalimaza izinso zezithelo, ngakho-ke ukusikwa kwenziwa engxenyeni yama-degree angama-50, cishe ngo-0.5 cm ngaphezu kwezinga lawo.
I-Biennial
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle ngokuzayo, udinga ukunqamulela amahlumela asekhulile cishe ingxenye yesithathu.
Ngokuqondene nama-zero amahlumela, khona-ke ngokuhlangana konyaka wokugcina kufanele aqhubeke abe yizicucu ezi-8.
Iminyaka emithathu
Ukuncishiswa kwenziwa ngokwezimiso ezifanayo njengakwiminyaka edlule. Lokho wukuthi, amahlumela avele kulo nyaka ayancishiswa.
Kumahlumela we-zero, amane kufanele asele.
Iminyaka yesine nelandelayo
Kuyadingeka ukwenza izihlahla ukuthola ngonyaka wesihlanu amagatsha anamandla ngokwanele weminyaka ehlukene.
Esikhathini esizayo, kulandelwa umgomo owodwa - amagatsha amadala nanokugula ayasuswa. Labo asebevele basebenzise isikhathi sabo bahlukile kokunye okusegumbini elimnyama.
Ukuthena okudala ukuguga
Kuzodingeka ukuvuselela isihlahla ngesikhathi sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-7-8. Bese kwenziwa izihlahla zokulwa nokuguga, lapho kuphela amagatsha athuthukile futhi enempilo asele - kufanele kube yi-2/3 yalawa. Hhayi nje kuphela amagatsha abuthakathaka noma alimele, kepha amagatsha asontekile noma amadala kakhulu kuzodingeka asuswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulokho okusele, usadinga ukunqamula phezulu.
Ukunciphisa isihlahla esisebenzayo
Uma usuvele wakwazi ukuletha isihlahla esimweni esisebenzayo, isimo ngeke sisebenze ngandlela-thile. Ngokuya ngesimo esithile, lokhu kungathatha iminyaka engama-2-4.
Isihlahla somhlume esomile
Ekuthenini kokuqala, udinga ukuzama okungenani ukushibilika. Uma ithela izithelo, khona-ke kusuka emagatsheni anempilo kuzodingeka ukusika ngokuphelele iziqongo ezomile nezingasebenzi - cishe kuya egatsheni eliseceleni.
Izindlela ezingokwezifiso zokunquma isihlahla se-gooseberry
Ukwakhiwa kwama-gooseberries kungenziwa ngezindlela ezingezona ezijwayelekile - ezijwayelekile ne-trellis. Ngayinye yazo inezimpawu zayo.
Isitembu
Umsebenzi wokuthena okunjalo ukuguqula isihlahla sibe luhlobo lwesihlahla esinomlenze omude nomqhele ovulekile. Le ndlela inezinzuzo ezintathu - ukubukeka okuhle kwesihlahla, ukubumbana kwayo (akukukhuli futhi akuphathi isikhala esiningi) kanye nokuvunwa okulula.
Ukuze wakhe standard, udinga ukukhetha ihlumela elinamandla kusuka kulawo akhula ngokuthe mpo, ngaphandle kokuphambuka ezinhlangothini, bese kuthi amanye asuswe. Lokhu kuyasebenza nakumahlumela we-lateral, akhula aze afike ezingeni lokwakhiwa "komqhele". Imvamisa, ukuphakama kwesiqu kucishe kube yimitha, futhi wonke amahlumela asohlwini olusafufusa kumele asuswe njalo.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze kwenziwe lula ukunakekelwa kwesiqu, abalimi bancoma ukufaka ukuxhaswa kwesiqu esiqwini - ishubhu lensimbi noma lepulasitiki, lapho isihlahla siboshwe khona. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuzosiza ukufaka i-gooseberries ebusika.
Ngemuva kokususwa kwamahlumela aphansi, ukwakheka sekuvele kwenziwa ngokuya ngohlelo lwendabuko. Njalo ngonyaka, amahlumela aqine kakhulu futhi asebenzayo ashiywe - kuze kube yizicucu ezi-5, bese kuthi ngonyaka odlule zinqunywe. Amahlumela nawo asikiwe, okuthi, lapho kukhula, aguqulwe abe yihlahla.
Ukuze amahlumela amasha angaveli ngaphansi kwesiqu, ungalungisa inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa amagxolo aqhobozekile. Kubukeka kukuhle, futhi ngasikhathi sinye kuphazamise ukuvela kwesibhamu esisha.
Indlela ejwayelekile yokwakha isihlahla
Ifomu elijwayelekile linokudonsa okungathi sína. Ngeke kusakwazi ukwenza kabusha isihlahla esinjalo, ngakho-ke, isikhathi sayo sokuphila sincishiswa saba yiminyaka eyi-10-12. Indlela ephumile kuzoba ukuhlelwa komjikelezo wamabhusha esizeni - okungukuthi, unyaka ngamunye ukukhetha izitshalo ezintsha ekwakhekeni kwesihlahla esinjalo, bese kuthi ezindala zikhule.
Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi amabheshu ane-frost aphansi ukumelana, okudinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe.
I-tapestry
Ukwakheka kwesihlahla sebhisikidi se-trellis kungenye inketho ehehayo. Ngesinye isikhathi, le ndlela yayithathwa njengemfashini, ngoba nayo ibukeka uyihlobisa kakhulu. Kodwa into esemqoka ukuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo wonke amagatsha akhiqizayo athola ukukhanya okuhle, kanye nokufinyelela komoya omusha.
Indlela ye-Trellis yokwenza isihlahla
Endleleni ye-trellis, kubalulekile ukufaka izisekeli nokudonsa phezu kwazo imigqa emithathu yocingo, ephansi kakhulu kufanele ibe buqamama-50 cm ukusuka emhlabathini, kanti ephezulu kakhulu - 100 cm.
Kubalulekile! Izithombo zibekwa buqamamamitha ukusuka komunye nomunye, futhi amagatsha awo enzelwe fan futhi aboshwe kuma-trellises asunguliwe.
Lapho kwenziwa izihlahla, bazama ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi amahlumela amasha akhula ngokuvundlile - ama-3-5 kwabanempilo akhethiwe kuwo, aphinda aboshwe ngocingo, bese kuthi amanye asikiwe. Kepha amahlumela maphakathi afinyezwa kakhulu, kanti amahlumela zero, ngenxa yokuthi lesi sihlahla sikhula, asikwa ngokuphelele.
Ukuthena isihlahla sonyaka
Izici zokuthena zincike esikhathini sonyaka, ngezansi kuzobhekwa ama-nuances womsebenzi wesizini.
Ntwasahlobo
Le shrub entwasahlobo ivuka ekuqaleni kunabanye, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukungaphuthelwa isikhathi esibekiwe. Lapho nje kuqala ukufudumala ngokwanele ukuze ukwazi ukusebenza ngokuphepha engadini, kufanele uqale umsebenzi onjalo.
Ungasika kanjani amagabade ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka - lo magazini uvame ukuthakazelisa abalimi abasaqala. Ngentwasahlobo, udinga nje ukususa amahlumela owomile futhi owonakalisiwe, kufaka namagatsha amnyama - ukubukeka kwawo kukhombisa ukuthi ahlaselwe i-powdery hlobo.
Ihlobo
Ukusika ama-gooseberries ehlobo kubalulekile ukuze wandise umkhiqizo wawo.
Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi kulo, ngoba umsebenzi oyinhloko ukunciphisa amafushane aluhlaza. Akusekho amaqabunga angaphezu kwesikhombisa kuwo, futhi umqhele ususwa ngokucophelela.
Ngo-Agasti, abalimi banconywa ukuthi banciphise amahlumela akhula kahle, ngoba amosha imithombo yezitshalo ngeze.
I-Autumn
Uma ukuthenwa kwentwasahlobo kungazange kwenziwe, khona-ke ukwindla kuyimpoqo. Kunconywa ukuthi lwenziwe ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.
Kubalulekile! Uma izihlahla ziqala ekuqaleni kakhulu ekwindla, amahlumela akamuva azoqala ukukhula ngentshiseko phakathi kokushisa. Kodwa ngeke babe nesikhathi sokuqina ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, futhi ngokunokwenzeka ngeke basinde ebusika.
Ekwindla, ngokungafani nokuthena kwehlobo, amagatsha amadala, kanye nokubuthakathaka kwabancane, kudingeka kuqedwe. Susa amahlumela alimile nalawo akhula ngokujule esihlahleni. Kunconywa amahlumela we-Zero ukuthi anqunywe cishe ikota yobude bawo.
Izihlahla ze-Gooseberry
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi liqine kangakanani igatsha elincane, udinga ukubheka ithiphu lalo. Uma ngasekupheleni kwesizini ihlala iminyene kakhulu, ukuphunyula okunjalo ngonyaka olandelayo ngeke kusiveze isivuno. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngemuva kwakho konke ukukhohlisa, isihlahla siphenduka sachazeka, njengoba amagatsha engasazukuba mnene kangako.
Ukuthola isivuno esihle, akwanele ukumanetha isitshalo kahle noma ukuthena ngesikhathi esifanele. Kuyadingeka ukondla isitshalo ngemuva kokususa amahlumela ukuze izihlahla zithole umsoco owengeziwe. Lokhu kwenziwa kokubili ehlobo nasekwindla. Inqubo yokugcina ivumela lesi sitshalo ukubekezelela kangcono isithwathwa. Ngokuhambisana nayo yonke le mithetho, ama-gooseberries azoba namandla okulwa nezinto ezingezinhle, futhi isivuno sizokhula kakhulu.
