Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uvinini, uhlobo lwe-varietal noma ifomu le-hybrid, lokhu akuyona indlela yobufakazi bekhwalithi yezithelo zawo kanye nokufaneleka kwehlathi ngokwayo.
Ngokuvamile, yizifomu ze-hybrid eziphumelela kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngokulimala amateur.
Futhi kulabo abathandayo ukuthi izici zezobuchwepheshe zezithelo zalesi siko, kodwa kunalokho i-table yayo injongo nokusimama, badlala indima enkulu.
Ngezansi sifuna ukukutshela okuhlukile kakhulu kwamagilebhisi, okungajabulisi izitshalo kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinye izici nezimfanelo zayo.
Ukwenzela uthando oluthe xaxa ngaye, futhi utshele mayelana nokulula kokutshala amagilebhisi anjalo.
Amagilebhisi "Bazhena" kanye nezici zayo ezivelele
Yiqiniso, izakhamizi ezivamile, umsuka wamagilebhisi awusizo ngalutho, nakuba ungatshela okuningi ngabalandeli bangempela balesi siko.
Uma ukhuluma ngamagilebhisi "Bazhena", kufanele kukhulunywe futhi umbhali walo - umkhulumeli odumile uVVV Zagorulko, owathi ngenxa yokuwela izinhlobo "I-Gift of Zaporozhye" ne-Arcadia "yakhiqiza ifomu elichazwe nge-hybrid.
Namuhla, ukuthandwa kwalesi sivini kukhulu kakhulu, kutholakala kokubili kumasayithi amateur nezimboni.
Imfihlo yodumo olunjalo lusezingeni lokudla kanye nokuzala kwalolu hlobo lokudlela, izithelo zazo eziyoba umhlobiso wangempela wetafula. Lezivini zibuye zenziwe kabanzi, okwakungenwe kuphela ukuzinza kwayo okuhle, kodwa futhi nokuguquguquka kwezithombo zawo.
Okuncane mayelana namagilebhisi "iBazhena": yimuphi umehluko nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo zabo eziyinhloko
Inzuzo yanoma yiliphi ifomu lamagilebhisi amaqoqo ayo. Ezinhlobonhlobo ezichazweyo zikhangayo kakhulu futhi zikhulu kakhulu.
Ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo seqembu elilodwa lingashintsha kusuka ku-0.7 kuya ku-1.5 kilogram, okungekho irekhodi le "Bazheny".
Ngaphandle, zingahlukaniswa izici zokuma: okuvame kakhulu yizibhamu ezinama-conical noma ama-cylindro-conical, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho namaphiko amancane. Amajikijolo afakwa emaqenjini omphakathi.
Amajikijolo amajikijolo "iBazhena" nawo afanele ukunakwa okukhethekile, ngoba angaziqhayisa ngobukhulu obukhulu. Amaphesenti abo ajwayelekile afana namanani alandelayo: ubude - 4.2 amamitha, ububanzi - 2.3. Ukulinganisa okunjalo ngokwemvelo kubonisa ukuthi isimo se-ovoid esinqunyiwe sawo majikijolo. Zilinganisela ngokwesilinganiso kusuka ku-10 ukuya kwangu-15 amagremu.
Isici sabo esiyingqayizivele nesihlukile siwumbala ophuzi wesikhumba. Ukunambitheka kwalesi sivinini kuyathakazelisa kakhulu, ngoba kanye ne-ukunambitheka evamile evumelanayo banekhono elimnandi kuphela elimnandi.
Amajikijolo nawo anomnandi omuhle, ngoba ushukela uqoqa kuzo ngendlela efanele. Inyama yabo ingcono inyama, enomuthi ophakeme wejusi, iyamnandi kakhulu futhi ithenda lapho idla. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi isikhumba salezi amajikijolo sincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke sidliwa, asithinti ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi.
Isivuno sefomu hybrid Zagorulko: ikakhulukazi i-fruiting kanye nesikhathi sokuvuna izithelo "Bazheny"
Iveza izithelo kahle kakhulu isivuno sihlelekile futhi siphezulu. Ukukhiqiza kwayo okungaba khona kuhle kakhulu futhi kuhlanganisa amandla amakhulu okukhula kwesihlahla, ukuvuthwa okuhle kwamahlumela cishe ubude bawo bonke, kanye nekhono lemivini ukudala amaqoqo amakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, ibutho elilodwa kuphela elenziwe ngophuzu olulodwa, kodwa ngenxa yokwandisa ubukhulu bamajikijolo, abanye abalimi batusa ukuba kushiye izithelo eziyisihlanu ezingenasithelo, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa isivuno.
Ukushisa nxazonke zamagilebhisi "Bazhena" ngokuzimelangoba inembali yobungqingili. Ngakho-ke, cishe akanalo izinkinga nge-fruiting noma nge-pea berries, ngaphandle kweminyaka embi kakhulu.
Inzuzo enkulu yefomu elichazwe ngamagilebhisi yisikhathi sayo esifushane sokuvuna izithelo.
Isikhathi semifino esihlahleni esithi "Bazheny" siyadlula ngokugcwele izinsuku ezingu-100-110.
Esizalweni salokhu kukhula komthengi wesifundazwe se-Poltava amajikijolo aqala ngo-Agasti wokuqala. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukhule kuyo ngisho nasezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu, njengase-Russia ephakathi.
Uhlu lwezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zomvini "Bazhena"
- Amaqoqo amakhulu kanye nokunambitheka okwehlukile kwamajikijolo, okubanika izinga elihle kakhulu lokuhweba.
- Isikhathi sokuvuthwa esifushane.
- Amandla okukhula nokuvuthwa kwamahlumela kuhle kakhulu.
- Impova emihle ngenxa yokutholakala kwezimbali nemisebenzi yama-sexes amabili.
- Ukulula kokukhiqizwa kwamagilebhisi ale fomu, isici esiyinhloko salokho okubanjwe kahle kwe-cuttings yayo.
- Ukufaneleka okuhle kwezithelo zezithelo ze "Bazhen" zokuhamba, nakuba isikhumba samajikijolo awo sincane kakhulu. Amajikijolo aqinile esiqwini, aphumeleki lapho ezama ukuthuthumela.
- Ifomu ayimelana nezifo eziyinhloko ze-fungal, ezifaka isikhutha kanye ne-oidium.
- Ukushisa okumnyama akuthintekile.
- Ikhethelo elihle lokuvuna amagilebhisi ezindaweni ezihlala emadolobheni nasemiphakathini emikhulu yamagilebhisi.
Amagilebhisi "i-Bazhena" nama-minuses ayo: kusengaphambili, ngakho kuvikelwe
Kukholelwa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwamagilebhisi ukuphikisana ngokungapheli emazingeni aphansi asebusika asebusika, nakuba isivini sayo sikwazi ukubekezelela isithwathwa ku- -21ºС ngaphandle kokulimala. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, amahlumela amagilebhisi "iBahena" kumele abe yibhishi ebusika, ikakhulukazi amahlumela amancane nezithombo. Izihlahla ezindala zigcwele ifilimu, ezimweni ezingavamile, amahlumela angasuswa ekusekeleni bese efihla phansi.
Futhi, amahlumela alo mvini awunamathele ku-phylloxera. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngeke bakwazi ukutshala ngezimpande zabo kulezo zindawo lapho izinambuzane zayo zizibonakalisa khona, uma emva kokususwa kwezitshalo ezithintekayo ngaphambi kwalokhu, okungenani iminyaka engu-2-3 ayidlulile.
Futhi, uma unesifiso sokusakaza ngokuqondile "i-Bazhen", kungcono ukufaka ama-cuttings awo kwi-rootstocks yezinhlobonhlobo eziphikisanayo, noma ukuthenga izithombo ezivele zihlanganisiwe.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda mayelana namagilebhisi ase pink
Indlela yokusakaza nokutshala izivini: izimpendulo kuzo zonke imibuzo zakho
Uma ungakaze ube nakho ukulima noma i-viticulture, kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi ungasakaza kanjani lesi sitshalo. Kodwa ngokujwayelekile, ngeke kuthathe umsebenzi wakho nesikhathi esiningi. Into eyinhloko ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi indlela ngokukhethekile kuwe ezoba ngcono ukusabalalisa amagilebhisi nokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yesayithi lakho ozoyihlwanyela ngokungafanele.
Indlela yokudala izimo ezifanele zokukhula kwesihlahla somvini: khetha indawo ephelele kusayithi lakho
Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo, amagilebhisi ethi "Bazhena" adinga ukukhanya okukhulu kwelanga. Endabeni yakhe, ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo ngisho nalezo zindawo zesayithi lakho ezikhanyiswa ilanga lesigamu sosuku ngeke zisebenze. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukutshala imivini kuphela ngaseningizimu, mhlawumbe ngemuva kwendlu, okuzosebenza njengesivikelo esihlahleni esivela emoyeni.
Okubaluleke kakhulu kulokhu okuxoxwe ngakho kanye nendawo. Iqiniso liwukuthi ezindaweni eziphansi kanye nezigodi ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhamba emoyeni okubandayo, okungahle kuthinte kabi ukuqina komvini nokukhiqiza kwawo. Ngakho-ke, zama ukuthola indawo okungenani ngokuphakama okuncane.
Ekukhetheni umhlabathi wamagilebhisi kudingeka futhi uqaphele. Yiqiniso, kulokhu, amahlumela amagilebhisi akwazi ukukhula emhlabathini owomhlabathi nangobumba, kodwa kuzo zonke zombili izimo asikwazi ukuvumela ukunqotshwa okwedlulele - ubumba oluhlanzekile noma itshe elihlanzekile.
Yiqiniso, ukhetho oluhle kulezi zihlukahlukene luyoba inhlabathi emnyama, kodwa ngobumba obugqoka njalo nokulawula umswakama wenhlabathi, imiphumela emihle ingatholakala.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ekutshalweni kwamagilebhisi ukujula kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Endabeni yezinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe kungcono ukuthi ube ngaphansi kwamamitha angama-5, ngoba uhlelo lwempande lensimu lukhula kakhulu futhi lungasuswa yibo.
Ngokweyiphi icebo amahlumela amagilebhisi atshalwe?
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kanye nefomu lamagilebhisi unezidingo zalo zokutshala emigqeni. Ngemuva kwalokho, isihlahla ngasinye kufanele sinikezwe isikhala esanele sokondla izimpande futhi sikhule amahlumela. Njengoba umvini we "Bazhena" unomkhuhlane oqinile, kubalulekile ukuphumula okungenani amamitha angu-5 uma uwuthela emgqeni phakathi kwehlathi. Ngakho-ke, akuyona nje imiyalelo engenhla ezokwenziwa, kodwa izihlahla ngeke zithunisane ngemifino yazo.
Esimweni esifanayo, uma uzohlwanyela imigqa eminingi yemivini, khona-ke phakathi kwabo udinga ukwenza igebe lamamitha ayi-6.
Ungakhetha kanjani isikhathi esifanele sokutshala imivini?
Kanye nalo mbuzo uvame ukuxoxwa ngokuthi yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka okungcono kakhulu ukutshala amagilebhisi: entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Ukuze singafihli kuwe noma yiziphi amaphuzu abalulekile, sizophendula ngokuningiliziwe kokubili le mibuzo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngabe amagilebhisi atshalwe entwasahlobo noma ekwindla ayikho. Isikhathi ngasinye sinamathuba nezinzuzo. Izinsuku zokutshala izithelo zamagilebhisi zasentshaleni zinganwetshwa kakhulu, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi zombili izitshalo (lezo ezigcinwe kusukela entwasahlobo) futhi eziluhlaza (ngokuvamile zikhule kusuka ezicutheni, ezitshalwe emuva ngoFebhuwari embizeni nenhlabathi) zitshalwe.
Esikhathini sokuqala, intwasahlobo yokuqala kakhulu ingcono, futhi okwesibili - ngisho nezinsuku zokuqala zehlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutshala kwentwasahlobo okuyikhono lezithombo ukuthola amandla nokuthola amandla endaweni entsha ukuze uzinze kakhulu ngaphambi kwamaqhwa ebusika.
Ukutshala kwekwindla kuvame ukuqhutshwa phakathi no-Okthoba. Ngalesi sikhathi emithonjeni yezithombo ngokuvamile zibekelele ukudayiswa, kanti futhi amagilebhisi angadliwa ngokuzimela.
Isikhathi esithile kufanele sikhethwe ngokusekelwe ezimweni zezulu zesifunda sakho: akudingeki ukuba utshale kakhulu kusasa, ngoba ukusikwa noma ukusika kungase kuqale ukukhula, okuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ngenxa yeqhwa elisondela, kodwa kuyoba yingozi kakhulu ukutshala lesi siko sekwephuzile kakhulu.
Ukutshala amagilebhisi "iBazhena" ngezithombo: yini okudingeka ukwazi?
Iphuzu elibaluleke kunazo zonke okufanele lingalokothi likhohlwe ukulungiswa okusemthethweni kwegodi amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokutshala ngokuqondile kwembewu yamagilebhisi. Njalo emgodini inani elikhulu lomanyolo libekiwe, okumele igule ngesikhathi sokutshala isithombo.
Ikakhulukazi, amabhakede amabili ama-humus afakwa emgodini ngobubanzi nobubanzi ngamasentimitha angama-80, namaminerali amaminerali ngamanani amancane (superphosphates, potashi usawoti, i-nitrogen). Konke lokhu kuhlanganiswe nenhlabathi evundile futhi kuthululwa emgodini. Kusukela kuleso sikhwama, umanyolo ungalimaza uhlelo lwempande, enye ingqimba yomhlabathi idinga ukuthululwa phezu kwayo, kodwa ngaphandle kwayo.
Ngesikhathi sokukhipha umquba, ungakwazi ukuthenga nokulungiselela izithombo. Ukubukeka ngokucophelela, ukukhetha, udinga izimpande. Umbala wabo onempilo uhlanzekile, akusekho icala ukuthenga isithombo ngenqubo yezimpande ezimele, ngisho noma umthengisi ekuqinisekisile ukuthi angaphinde abuyele emanzini.
Yehlisa uhlelo lwempande emanzini Ukupakisha ngaphambi kokutshala kuyadingeka, kodwa akukwazi ukuvuselela izimpande ezomile. Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isitsha sesitsha sondliwa ngesilinganiso esidingekayo somswakama, okumele sikwanele kuze kube yilapho eqala ukuzimela ngokuzimela emhlabathini.
Uma utshala uqobo uqobo, isithungwane emgodini wehla ufika kuphela ezingeni le-collar yayo, akufanele ihlanganiswe yiyo ngisho nangesikhathi esizayo somhlabathi.
Kubalulekile ukucwilisa umgodi kancane kancane kancane, ukuze ungalimazi uhlelo lwempande futhi ukuze ama-airbags angahlali eduze kwawo.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, phakathi nale nqubo, ungakwazi ukuthulula amalitha ambalwa emanzini emgodini, okuzohlanganisa inhlabathi. Futhi, ekuqedeni kokutshala imbewu, iphuziswa futhi. Eduzane nesithombo kufanele kube ukushayela i-propukuze lapho ekhula ngeke ahambe. Kubalulekile ukungakhohlwa ukumboza inhlabathi nge-moss noma i-sawdust.
Ukunqunywa kwamagilebhisi kwenziwa kanjani?
Ukuze kuhlanganiswe kahle ama-cuttings, kubalulekile ukumlungiselela kahle. Njengoba sesishilo kakade, ama-cuttings avunwa ekwindla, ngokuwasika ngaphandle komvini.
Ubude obuhle bokusika - amehlo angu-2-3. Ingxenye engezansi yayo kumele inqunywe. Kodwa kunqunywe kuphela ngamacala amabili ukuze uthole umcengezi, ozobe usulele ekuhlukaneni kwesitoko.
Ukwandisa ubungqabavu bokusika, kubhaliswe emanzini nasezikhusheni zokukhula kwezimpande ngaphambi kokungena kwe-inoculation. Futhi kaningi kunconywa cuttings wex, ngenxa yokuthi umswakama oqoqiwe uhlala isikhathi eside kangakanani.
Ukulungiselela isiphunzi kubandakanya ukususa isihlahla esidala, ukuhlanza indawo esinqunyiwe ngemuva kwesisentimitha esingamamitha angu-10, nokuhlukanisa isitoko ngokwayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kuhlukaniswa akunajuli, kungenjalo ungalimaza sonke isitoko.
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, ukusika kuyancipha kulokhu kuhlukaniswa futhi kukhonjiswe ngokuqinile ngokuhlanganisa izimpande ngendophi noma indwangu ehlala njalo. Isayithi lokuxhunyelelwa kufanele lihlutshe kahle kakhulu ngosizo lobumba, oluzogcina zonke izindawo zokusika kanye nesitokisi kuze kube sesikhathini sokubanjwa kwazo. Ngemuva kwalokho, zonke izinqubo ezifanayo ziyenziwa, njengenzalo kuphela etshalwe.
Ukunakekelwa kwemivini: Yikuphi Okudingekayo Nama-whims Ingabe Le Ntshalo Inayo?
- Amagilebhisi athande umswakama, adinga ukukhula kanye nokwakheka kwesitshalo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izihlahla zomvini zidinga ukuphuziswa ngesikhathi umuthi ufika ngesikhathi sokukhula futhi ngesikhathi sokuthululwa kwamajikijolo. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ngesihlahla esomiso.
- Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama emhlabathini isikhathi eside, qiniseka ukuthi uyimboza nge-mulch. Lezi zinsuku zivame ukusetshenziselwa umsila noma i-sawdust, esivele isundu.
- Ukuhluma kwesihlahla somvini kuyadingeka ukuthi udinga amandla engeziwe ukuze ukhiqize isivuno. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kudinga ukutholakala njalo ngosizo lwamanyolo asetshenziselwa ukulungiselela umgodi.
- Unyaka ngamunye, qiniseka ukuthi uhlumela amahlumela, unciphise ngamunye wabo ngamanothi ayisithupha nanye. Zinganqunywa ngesikhathi 'sokulala' esihlahleni, okungukuthi, ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-cuttings ingavunwa.
- "I-Bazhena" ibhekisela kumafomu okumboza, ngakho ngaphambi kokubusika, ungakhohlwa ukunakekela indawo yokukhosela ehlathini lakho.
- Naphezu kokumelana okuhle, amagilebhisi ahlongozwayo adinga ngempela ukupompela njalo ngezifo. Zivame ukuqhutshwa izikhathi ezingu-3 ngesikhathi esisodwa, njalo ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwesihlahla nasemuva. Futhi, kudingeka uqaphele ukubukeka kwe-phylloxera, ukwenza izinyathelo zokuvimbela.
