Lapho zizalisa izinkukhu ku-incubator ngemuva kokuzalwa kwazo, umbuzo wokuthi ukugcina izingane zingaphi. Izinkukhu eziningi zezinkukhu zisebenzisa le nhloso i-brooder ekhethekile, noma amabhokisi abo amakhadibhodi ezenziwe ngezandla futhi anezinhlanzi. Ukwakha ibhokisi yezinyoni kulula, kodwa kudingeka uhambe ngokulandela lokhu ngenqubo efanele, ngoba isakhiwo sizoba ikhaya lamakhukhu amasonto ambalwa okuphila. Indlela yokwenza "i-nursery" yezinyoni, yiziphi amathuluzi nezinto ezidingekayo, kanye nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani ilitha ebhokisini - sizoxoxa ngokuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko.
Uzohlala kuphi izinkukhu zasendulo
Emvelweni, inkukhu ikhuluma ngokushisa nokunakekela izinkukhu kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila. Kodwa-ke, ekuzaleni i-incubator yezinyoni noma lapho uthenga izingane zonke zansuku zonke, akunjalo, ngakho-ke kufanele uthathe umkhiqizo owenziwe ngomumo, noma wenze isakhiwo ngokwakho.
Uyazi? Kakade ngosuku lwesibili kusukela ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa kwenkukhu embungu, inhliziyo yakha futhi ibetha.
Inguqulo ephelele inezinzuzo zayo: i-microclimate ekhethiwe kahle, ikhono lokushintsha nje imingcele yomswakama, ukukhanyisa, njll, nokulula ukusetshenziswa. Idivayisi isivele ifakwe amadivaysi okukhanyisa nokushisa, ukuphumula umoya nokulala, ngezinye izikhathi ama-feeders namashalofu angafaka phakathi kokucushwa. Kodwa kuzodingeka ukhokhe imali eningi kakhulu, okungenzeka ingabi ncamango lapho ibeletha izinkukhu ngobuncane emapulazini.
Kulesi simo, kuyoba ngcono ngokwengeziwe ukwakha i-brooder ngokwendlela elula yokuthuthukisa. Ukwaziswa okuncane, izinto zokwakha kanye namathuluzi - futhi uthola "i-nursery" enhle kakhulu kwezinkukhu ezisanda kuzalwa.
Indlela yokwenza ibhokisi lezikhukhu
Ngamakhono amancane nolwazi, ungakha "ikhaya" lamaphishi kusuka cishe noma yiziphi izinto ezitholakalayo. Esikhundleni sokuqhafaza okuzenzela, abanikazi ngezinye izikhathi basebenzisa ukusebenzisa amabhokisi amabhodi amakhadi ajwayelekile noma amabhokisi enziwe ngokhuni, kodwa ezimweni ezinjalo kunzima izinkukhu ukuhlinzeka nge-microclimate enhle. Ngakho-ke, ukwenza i-brooder elula yokuzenzela iba yisidingo.
Thola ukuthi kungani amaphiko ezinkukhu ehlehliswa, kungani ama-chicks ephikisana, kunezinkukhu zokukhula okuhle.
Izinto ezidingekayo
Ukuze ukwakhiwa kwe-brooder kokuqukethwe kwabantu abangu-50 kuzodinga izinto ezilandelayo:
- Amashidi amabili e-plywood 150 × 150 cm;
- umshini wensimbi ngesayizi weseli ka-10 × 10 mm (ukusika u-150 × 50 cm);
- igridi yamapayipi (izingcezu ezimbili 50 × 75 cm);
- izikrini zokuzibamba;
- izingalo zensimbi;
- 4 izinsimbi zomnyango;
- ama-slats enkuni (ububanzi obuyi-50 mm, ubukhulu obuyi-15 mm).
Isibonelo sokudweba se-brooder
Kubalulekile! Akuyona into engathandeki ukusebenzisa i-OSB ekwakhiweni kwe-brooder (ngenxa yamaphethelo amabi kakhulu ekuhlanzeni nasekuhlungeni i-disinfection kuzovela), kanye nezinto zokwenziwa kwe-polymeric (ngenxa yokungakwazi kwezinto "ukuphefumula").
Ukwakha i-microclimate esitsheni, uzodinga:
- I-ampula engu-60 watt yokukhanya;
- ikhebula;
- chuck.
Uhlu lwamathuluzi
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-brooder okungenani ubuncane bamathuluzi kuyadingeka:
- ipensela elula noma marker for basting;
- umthamo we-tape;
- i-hacksaw noma i-jigsaw;
- isando;
- ukunamathela konke okuhlosiwe;
- izinga;
- ukugoqa;
- Isikebhelidi (singashintshwa nge-screwdriver);
- iziphazamisi;
- ukusika amaphini.
Imodeli ye-Brooder
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo Iziyalezo
Khona-ke ungaqala ukwenza i-brooder:
- Ishidi lokuqala le-plywood kufanele lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezilinganayo ezilingana (150 × 50 cm), izikwele ezimbili 50 × 50 cm kufanele zinqunywe kusuka kweshidi lesibili. Izingxenye ezintathu ezibekwe eceleni zizosetshenziselwa ukwenza izindonga ezingenhla, ezingaphansi nangemuva, nezingxenye ezimbili zesikwele zizosebenza njengezindonga eziseceleni.
- Ngosizo lwamakona kanye nezikulufa kuyadingeka ukuba uqine zonke izindonga ngaphandle kwezansi.
- Okulandelayo udinga ukwakha i-pallet. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza uhlaka lwalesayizi ubukhulu ukuze lidlula kalula ngaphesheya kobubanzi bomshini wokuklama. Khona-ke udonga olungezansi kufanele lulungiswe ubukhulu befreyimu eliholele futhi unamathisele ngezikrini.
- Ukuze wenze phansi kwe-brooder, lapho izinkukhu zizohamba khona, kuzodingeka ukhiphe uhlaka futhi (kufanele kufakwe ngokucacile ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo) futhi unamathisele inetha kuwo. Okulandelayo, ezindongeni eziseceleni ze-brooder zifake ama-slats, futhi zitholakala ngezansi.
- 10 cm ngaphansi ngezansi udinga ukufaka imigwaqo yokuqondisa ukuze ubeke le pallet.
- Manje kusele ukwenza umnyango. Ukwenza lokhu, maphakathi nesakhiwo sishayela ibha. Okulandelayo, yenza amafreyimu ama-2 avela kuma-slats (izisekelo zomnyango). Ngosizo lwe-loop, badinga ukuba banamathele emaceleni, futhi kuma ozimele ngokwabo - ukuqinisa igridi enamahlombe amancane.
- Ngodonga olungenhla phakathi nendawo kubalulekile ukushayela umgodi, welula ikhebula, ufake i-cartridge bese ugoba ngombani.
- Ngemuva kwesakhiwo udinga ukufaka i-thermometer.
Ividiyo: ama-nuances uma wakha i-brooder
Lapho sekuqedile, umklamo ungabuyiselwa, nakuba lokhu akudingekile. Ngokuqhubekayo kuyodingeka kuphela ukufaka imifino nokuphuza imifino bese ubathuthela emanzini. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, ukufakwa kwe-thermal eyengeziwe, indwangu epholile ingafakwa ngaphansi kwe-mesh. Kuzodingeka ukuthi ishintshwe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku njengoba iba semanzi futhi ingcolile.
I-brooder izohlonywa ngolwazi lokuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani isibani se-infrared ukushisa izinkukhu, indlela yokwenza kahle isiphuzo sezinkukhu ngezandla zakho, indlela yokwenza izinkukhu ze-broiler ngezandla zakho.
Njengoba ubona, ukwakhiwa kwamatta akusetshenziswanga ngenxa ye-pallet elula. Kodwa uma, nganoma yisiphi isizathu, izinkukhu zase zivele zisesandleni sakho, futhi kusenayo izinkukhu ezikhethekile, ungasebenzisa indlela endala yokudala - ukugcina amatshitshi ebhokisini. Kulesi simo, nakanjani uzodinga ukusebenzisa udoti, esizoxoxa ngezansi.
Ukulala izinkukhu: injongo kanye nezidingo eziyisisekelo
Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, kwakungekho into enjengokuthi umfanyana uhamba kancane, futhi ugogo wethu wakhulela izinkukhu ebhokisini lamabhodi amakhadi avamile, phansi lapho abeka khona iphephandaba noma indwangu yendwangu. Ngalendlela, udoti washesha wancipha, ungcolisiwe, futhi izinkukhu zazingcolile. Kodwa-ke, ukukhetha ukulala kufanele kuhanjiswe ngokucophelela, ngoba ikhwalithi yayo izonquma impilo nempilo yamapiko.
Izidingo eziyisisekelo:
- Hygroscopicity. Lezi zinto kufanele zithande umswakama kahle, ngoba ukuvuza kwezinkukhu kunamanzi amaningi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi imilenze yamapiko ayomile.
- Ukufakwa kwe-thermal. Ukondla kumele kuvikeleke ngokuqinile amathanga wezinkukhu kusuka ekuqandeni. Ukushisa kwama-30-35 ° C kuyadingeka kokubili emoyeni endlini yenkukhu nangaphansi.
- Ukuphepha Uma impahla eningi isetshenziswa njengotshani, izinhlayiya zayo kufanele zibe zikhulu kunenkukhu ingagwinya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele babe nonobuthi.
- Ikhono lokuthola udoti. Uma izinkukhu zihlala zihlala ezihlakalweni zazo (okungukuthi, ezimweni ezingahlanzekile), ngokushesha lokhu kungabangela izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Uyazi? Kukhona ukuhlolwa okuthakazelisayo lapho ungasenza khona imfuyo impela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka i-feather phansi futhi udwebe umugqa oqondile wecala phambi kwayo. Ngemva kokucatshangelwa yinkukhu yale nqubo, ayisekho, kodwa ihlala ihleli imizuzu eminingana kuya kwesigamu sehora. Lo mkhuba ubizwa ngokuthi inkukhu hypnosis, kodwa kusukela ekuboneni kwesayensi, le nyoni isuke nje isaba ukwesaba okukhulu.
I-Litter impahla, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kufanele ibe lula futhi ingabizi. Okufanelekile, emva kokusebenzisa udoti kungasuswa ngokwemvelo - njengomanyolo, umqubuki noma umquba.
Izici zezinkukhu ezikhulayo kudoti
Okulandelayo, cabanga ngezinhlobo eziyinhloko zezimbiza, izinzuzo nezinkinga zazo, ukufaneleka kwekhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokuphindaphinda kokuphindaphindiwe.
Funda ukuthi izinkukhu ze-broiler zikhuliswe kanjani epulazini lezinkukhu, ukuphakamisa izinkukhu ze-broiler ekhaya, yimuphi uhlelo lwezinkukhu ze-broiler ezondla ngama-antibiotics namavithamini, indlela yokuphatha isifo sohudo ezinkukhu ze-broiler.
Ukukhetha indaba engcono kakhulu
Ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene zezimboni ezitholakala endaweni yakho njengezinto zokulala. Isibonelo, emazweni athile amalayisi noma ama-peanut husks, imfucumfucu ekusetshenzisweni kokushukela komoba isetshenziselwa lokhu. Endaweni yethu yokukhula kwama-broiler kanye namaqanda okuvame kakhulu kule nkambo kukhona izinto ezilandelayo:
- I-sawdust noma izinkuni zezinkuni. Ikhetho elihle kunazo zonke futhi elifanele kunazo zonke. Zine-hygroscopicity enhle kakhulu, ukushisa okushisa, ungagcini futhi ukhulule kalula, ngaphandle kokunuka iphunga elimnandi. Kusuka ku-sawdust kulula ukususa ungqimba olungcolisiwe oluphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukholelwa ukuthi iphunga elimnandi liyesaba izinambuzane eziyingozi. Ukungahambi kahle ukuthi izinkukhu zizozikhukhumeza ngokubonakalayo, okungaba yingozi empilweni yabo.
- Uhlobo. Uma lolu khetho luyatholakala, kungcono ukhethe ukolweni, kodwa kuzodingeka luchotshozwe. Ukulimala ukuthi utshani luya ngokushesha, luyamanzi, lumbozwe isikhunta.
- Iphephandaba Akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu ngenxa yokumisa okusheshayo, ukungcola kanye nesidingo sokushintshwa okuvamile.
- Peat. Izinto ezibonakalayo zetayitela. Ezinzuzo: ukuhleleka okuhle, ukungathathi hlangothi kwephunga elimnandi.
Kubalulekile! Uma usebenzisa i-sawdust, khetha imfucuza kuphela emithini ye-coniferous. I-sawdust enokhuni yokhuni inemiphetho ebukhali ukuthi, uma igwazwe ngengozi inkukhu, ingalimaza indlela yokugaya.
Indlela yokuhlola ikhwalithi yecala
I-high-quality litter kufanele ihambisane kancane nasezintendeni uma ifakwe, kepha uma kungenwe isandla, kulula ukuwa. Uma le nto ingabambeli ezandleni zonke futhi udoti awukwazi ukubunjwa ube ibhola, lokhu kubonisa ukuma kwayo ngokweqile.
Uma, ngokuphambene nalokho, uma ucindezela, uhla lwe-elastic isakhiwe kusukela kulokhu okubonakalayo, okungahambisani naso lapho kukhishwa isandla, kusho ukuthi udoti unamanzi kakhulu. Ngomswakama okhukhulayo ezinkukhu ngokuphindaphindiwe kwandisa ubungozi bokutheleleka nokubandayo, ukufaka ushevu ngamagesi e-ammonia.
Ziningi kangakanani ukushintsha okuqukethwe
Imvamisa yokuguqula ilitha ixhomeke kwizinga kanye nesivinini sokungcola kwayo. Isibonelo, uma amatshwane egcwele, lapho amatshitshi namadada egcinwa ndawonye, noma uma izitsha zokuphuza zingekho kahle, udoti ngeke nje luhlanjululwe, kodwa kunomanzi, okwakhiwa umswakama okhulayo kanye namanzi. Kulesi simo, kufanele ishintshwe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
Uma ubuningi bokutshala kwezinkukhu kubalwa kahle, khona-ke indaba yokudoba kufanele ishintshwe njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-1-2, ukubhekelela ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude (yilokho iningi lala malitha ngokuvamile eliqoqwa khona) kanye nezindawo eziseduzane nemifucumfucu kanye nabaxhasi. Ubuningi bomgqa wecala buxhomeke ekushiseni okuphansi: 2-3 cm ngokwanele emkhathini oshisayo, kanti uma phansi ungashushu, kudingekile uhlaka olungama-10 cm.
Thola ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma izinkukhu zifa, uma izinkukhu zishiya imilenze yazo, uma izinkukhu zikhahlela, hamba, ukukhwehlela, uma izinkukhu zingakhuli.
Ngakho-ke, amatshwele asezinsuku angagcinwa kokubili kumthengi othengiwe futhi kwisakhiwo esizimele, okungathi ngisho nomuntu ongenalwazi uzokwazi ukwenza. Uma ngabe idivayisi enjalo ingatholakali, ungasebenzisa ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lekhadibhodi elivamile noma ibhokisi lezinkuni, okuyinto okumele uyibeke ngokulala.
Ukubuyekezwa kwelahla izinkukhu nezinkukhu
