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Ukutshala izitshalo ezithambile endaweni yokushisa njengebhizinisi: izinzuzo nezinkinga

Utamatisi okhulayo endaweni yokushisa - inketho enhle ibhizinisi labalimi abanolwazi. Ngokukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele nokutshala izimali, ungakwazi ukuqoqa okuhle. ukuvuna izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka.

Ukufuna onamatamatisi aphezulu liphezulu, zinganikezwa ngamaketanga okudayisa nokudayiswa kwamabhizinisi, futhi zithengiswa ngamabhizinisi azo emakethe.

I-greenhouse ekahle ngamatamatisi

Ezizindeni ezizimele ngokuvamile zifaka izithombo zokugcina zasehlobo noma izindawo zokugcina izithombo. Zifanele ukuvikela izitshalo ngesikhathi seqhwa, ukusheshisa i-fruiting, ikuvumele ukuba ukhule izinhlobo eziningi ze-thermophilic. Izindlu zokugcina izithombo zingakhiwa esakhiweni senkuni noma ensimbi futhi sihlanganiswe nefilimu. Ukushisa okushisa kudinga ukuvuselelwa kwonyaka, kodwa kungabizi okwanele. Kuphela okufanelekile ukutshala ngezikhathi ezithile enhlabathini.

Ukutshala utamatisi unyaka wonke zidinga izindlu ezinkuluifakwe uhlelo lokushisa. Izindlu zokugcina izithombo zakhiwe esakhiweni esinamandla sensimbi ngezingubo zokuvimbela ukushisa. I-glass noma i-polycarbonate isetshenziselwa ukugqoka.

Lezi zinsuku zifanelekile ukugubha izithombo zokugcina izithombo, amashidi angagujwa futhi anqunywe ngaphandle kokwesaba umonakalo. Ezisezindaweni ezibandayo i-glazing kabili iphakanyisiwe. Umoya phakathi kwezingxenye zeglasi noma i-polycarbonate yenza umphumela we-thermos, okunciphisa izindleko zokushisa.

Ukulima umnyaka wonke kuyinto elula kakhulu kune-greenhouse enophahleni oluthambile. Ubukhulu buhlukahluka kusuka kumamitha ayi-100 kuya ku-500 square. m. Izindlu zokugcina izitshalo zikhudlwana, ubukhulu bawo obuphakathi cishe buyi-1000 square metres. m

Izakhiwo ezinjalo zikhomba ukulima ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, nge-hydroponic noma i-aeroponic. Ukulimala okuphawulekayo kotamatisi akhulile kwisisombululo somsoco - ukunambitheka kwamanzi okubonakalayo nokuntuleka kwephunga eliyisici.

I-greenhouse efanelekayo yamatamatisi kufanele ibe phezulu ngokwanele. Udonga olusenyakatho lungabekwe ngamatshe e-slag noma ngamathuluzi. Udonga olungenalutho luzovikela ukufika emoyeni futhi usize ukugcina ukushisa. Umklamo okhethwe ngophahla olugxilile, lapho iqhwa lingalimi khona.

Izinzuzo nezindleko zebhizinisi

Ukutshala utamatisi ku-greenhouse kunayo izinzuzo eziningi. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:

  • isidingo esikhulu samatamatisi, sanda esikhathini sekwindla-ebusika;
  • Izindlu zokugcina ezishisayo zingathatha izivuno eziningana ngonyaka;
  • kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezenzelwe ngqo izithombo zokugcina izithombo;
  • utamatisi isikhathi eside esilondoloziweokuncipha ukulahlekelwa;
  • Izitshalo ezivuniwe zingathengiswa ngokuzimela, ngokusebenzisa izindawo zokudayisa emakethe noma kwi-Inthanethi, futhi zithengiswa ngamaketanga okudayisa, umphakathi wezokudla kanye nabathengi abathengi.
Naphezu kwamathuba omuhle osomabhizinisi, ibhizinisi lineminye imikhawulo.

Phakathi kokubaluleke nakakhulu yilokhu:

  • izindleko eziphakeme zokushisa ukushisa okushisa phakathi nenkathi ebandayo;
  • ukutshala utamatisi eminyakeni yezimboni kumele kusetshenziswe ngabantu abaye banolwazi lokukhula kwezitshalo;
  • ukusebenza nomthengisi ukubhaliswa kwehlangano esemthethweni kuyadingeka futhi ukuthola isitifiketi sezilwane zemikhiqizo;
  • ehlobo, ukuncintisana kwabalimi bezitshalo ezivuna ensimini kuyanda.

Ukukhetha ibanga lesivalo esivaliwe

Esikhathini sokushisa, kungcono ukutshala amahlamvu afakwe ngokukhethekile ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphakathi. Kungcono ukhethe izinhlobo eziningana ze-branched. Esihlahleni esinjalo izithelo eziningi zivuthwe ngesikhathi esifanayookuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo. Izihlahla ezide zingahlanganiswa nezincane, zitshalwe nxazonke. Ilungiselelo elinjalo lizovumela ukusetshenziswa okuhle kwesithuba esincane.

Emhlabathini ovaliwe ofanelekayo kokubili izinhlobo zakuqala neziphuzile. Ezindaweni eziphakathi, akukhuthazwa ukuthi utshale ama-hybridi amnandi okhethweni oluseningizimu, azwele kakhulu ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa futhi angathinteka yizinambuzane.

Ochwepheshe batusa ukukhetha ama-hybridzoned for esifundeni esithile. Izinhlobo ezivunywa kahle kakhulu zokuzalisa isiRussia, kanye noTamatisi waseMelika, Dutch nePoland.

Ukukhetha izinhlobonhlobo ezifanele, kufanele ucabangele:

  1. Ukuthela. Izinhlobo eziningi ziyokwandisa kakhulu imali engenayo.
  2. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo. Okufishane ngenkathi ekhulayo, inzuzo eningi ibhizinisi.
  3. Izifo zokuphikisa. I-hybrids engcono ayithinteki izinambuzane futhi ayidingi ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo ngezinambuzane.
  4. Ukuthanda kwamatamatisi. Abathengi bakhetha izithelo ezinamafutha ngokunambitheka okumnandi futhi bakhipha iphunga.
  5. Usayizi wesithelo nombala. Amakhasimende anesidingo esikhulu kakhulu utamatisi ophakathi nendawo enombala obomvu obomvu, obomvu noma ophuzi.
  6. Kunconywa ukukhetha izinhlobo ngezithelo ezibekezelela isitoreji nokuhamba.

Phakathi kwezinto ezithandwa kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuphawula izinhlobo zezimboni zezitamatisi zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo:

  1. Izinhlobo zakuqala nephakathi nonyaka: Isipho, i-Aksinya, i-Cherry, i-Yevpator, i-Kostroma. Palenka.
  2. AmaHybri aneenkathi ekhulayo esifushane: Verlioka, Rhapsody, Caspar, Sprinter, Study, Farmer.
  3. Izithelo ezinambitheka ikakhulukazi: U-honey ulondoloziwe, uju we-Pink, Orange King, Asteroid, Dame, Ballerina.
Okunye kunconywa ngezindawo zokugcina izithombo zohlobo lwezotamatisi, okwethulwa kwiwebhusayithi yethu: Ama-Chocolates, amaKishimishi, amaPhuphu aphuzi, Amakhaya aseRussia, Ukuziqhenya kweSiberia, i-Pink Impresn, i-Novice, i-Wonder of the World, uMongameli 2, i-De Barao Giant, iHandsome Handsome.

Njengoba ukhethe ibanga elifanele, kufanelekile ukugxila kulo. Ukutshala izitshalo zezitamatisi ku-greenhouse ayihlose ukuhlolwa, nokwandisa isivuno. Izisebenzi ngokuvamile zikhula okungaphezu kuka 2-3 izinhlobo utamatisi ngesikhathi.

Imishini yokushisa

Emapulazini amancane epulazi kungcono ukukhula utamatisi emhlabathini. Ukunambitheka kwabo kuphakeme kakhulu, okukuvumela ukuba uthengise imikhiqizo ngezinga elihle.

Ukushisa kumele ifakwe uhlelo lokuphuza umoya futhi ukuchelela okuzenzekelayo. Utamatisi uzwela kumazinga omswakama, kodwa ungathandi amanzi ahlale emhlabathini. Ezinsukwini ezishisayo, kudingeke ukuthungwa ngosizo lwamakhethini akhethekile avalwe uhlangothi oluseningizimu lokushisa.

Uhlelo lokushisa lungase luhluke. Izindlu zokugcina izitshalo ukufudumala ngamabilisi abakhelwe ngaphakathi futhi amapayipi abeka ngaphansi komhlaba. Izakhiwo zePulazi zingashiswa ngama-heaters, izitofu, ngisho namabhonasi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-biofuels kusuka engxenyeni yomquba nomquba kuzosiza.

Ukuze silondoloze i-microclimate oyifunayo ebusika, amathangi avulekile ne-mullein ehlukanisiwe efakwe ku-greenhouse. I-Evaporation isebenza inqubo ye-photosynthesis, edingekayo ukuze kube ne-fruiting emihle.

Utamatisi ku-greenhouse udinga umhlabathi okhanyayo, onomsoco, ojwayele ukusetshenziselwa umquba omuncu. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kusuka ingxube ye-superphosphate, i-potash usawoti kanye ne-ammonium nitrate ikhokhwe njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Ukuntuleka kwezakhi kunciphisa ukwakhiwa kwama-ovari nokuvuthwa kwezithelo.

Indlela yokubala inzuzo?

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshala utamatisi, kubalulekile ukwenza uhlelo lwebhizinisi oluningiliziwe. Kuzosiza ekubaleni ngokunenzuzo inzuzo yebhizinisi elizayo futhi kucabange ngokunembile zonke izindleko ezizayo. Kusetshenziswa izindleko kuhlanganisa:

  • ukuqashiswa komhlaba noma ukuthenga;
  • ukwakhiwa kanye nemishini yokushisa;
  • ukuthenga imbewu noma izithombo;
  • ukuthengwa kwama-fertilizer kanye nemishini yokulima;
  • ukubhaliswa kwenhlangano esemthethweni nokubhaliswa kwezitifiketi zemikhiqizo;
  • ukuthutha kwemikhiqizo eqediwe kuze kube sekuthengisweni.

Ividiyo ewusizo:

Inzuzo incike ekuthengiseni nasekusebenzeni. Ikhetho elinenzuzo kakhulu - ukudayiswa utamatisi ngokusebenzisa amaketanga okudayisa noma ukudla.

Amathilomu nezindawo zokudlela akudingeki ukuthi zishibhile kakhulu njengemikhiqizo yekhwalithi. Ukutshala ukuthengiswa kubathengi abathengi nakho kungenzeka, kepha kulokhu umakethe unciphile kakhulu.

Okungekho okujwayelekile kunganikezelwa ukucubungula (ukukhiqizwa kwama-sauces, ama-pastes, ama-juice).

Okuningi kuxhomeke esikhathini sokuthengisa. Ebusika, umkhawulo ukwandisa izikhathi ezingu-1.5-2. Lokhu kungenxa yokuncipha kokunikezwayo nokwanda kwezindleko zokukhiqiza. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukulima kwasebusika, kudingeka bahlole izindleko zokushisa.

Ezindaweni ezibandayo ikakhulukazi, izindleko eziphezulu zikagesi zinganciphisa kakhulu inzuzo. Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukwandisa ukutshala utamatisi kuze kuNovemba, futhi ebusika ukumisa ukukhiqizwa.

Kulinganiselwe ngabadayisi abaphakathi inzuzo yebhizinisi ekutshalweni kwezitamatisi ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene zokushisa kusuka ku-50 ukuya ku-70%.

Eminyakeni emihle, ingakhula, ngesikhathi sokuncintisana okukhulu emapulazini asekhaya - kwehla. Ukwandisa inzuzo kuzosiza ukwandiswa kwezithombo zokugcina neziteshi zokusabalalisa.

Ezinye izitshalo ezithandwayo zebhizinisi lokushisa, ongayithola ngokuningiliziwe kwiwebsite yethu: amajikijolo, izimbali, imifino, ukhukhamba kanye neminye imifino.

Ukukhulisa utamatisi ebusweni bokushisa njengoba ibhizinisi lingaphumeleli, kubalulekile ukubala ngokucophelela izindleko nokuhola okuzayo. Ungaqala ukusebenza nendawo encane yokushisa, okwandisa kancane kancane. Kuzosiza ukuheha izikweleti kanye nezinsizakalo ezingenzeka ngesikhathi kubhaliswa inhlangano esemthethweni.

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