Abalimi abahlanganyela ekukhuliseni izinkukhu ngosizo lwe-incubators bayazi ukuthi izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zithinta izinga le-brood. Enye yazo iyinhlangano yokukhwabanisa okuphezulu. Cabangela indlela yokukhethwa kwamaqanda e-goose kanye nemithetho yokugcina isitoreji ngaphambi kokufakwa ngaphakathi.
Indlela yokukhetha amaqanda e-goose for incubator
Uma ukhetha ukwaziswa kokubeka kwisetter, udinga ukuyihlola ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Ukuhlola okubukwayo: kuyasiza ukunquma ukuthi ukubukeka kwe-testicle (ukuma, isisindo nesimo segobolondo) kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
- Ovoskopirovaniya, noma ukuskena kwe-otoscope, lapho okuqukethwe kwangaphakathi kuhlolwa khona: i-yolk, ikamelo lomoya kanye nombungu.
Uyazi? Amakhokithi aseTibet akhulekela ihansi elimhlophe, ngoba ayekholelwa ukuthi wayengu-Shiva. Futhi amaRoma asendulo ayebhekwa njengezintandokazi zikaMars, unkulunkulu wempi.
Isisindo se-egg nesimo
Amazinga asekelwe:
- isisindo somzimba: 120 - 140 g (izinhlanga ezikhanyayo) kanye no-160 - 190 g (izinhlanga ezisindayo);
- amazinga wesayizi: 8-10 cm ububanzi no-4-5 cm ububanzi;
- ifomu kufanele ilungile; ayivunyelwe ukuba ixilwe kakhulu, ifakwe ngamaparele, ahlolwe, aphethwe, ajikeleze.
Kubalulekile! Izimo ezinobuningi obuwela ngaphandle kwemingcele ecacisiwe zinqatshiwe. Asikho isiqinisekiso sokuthi i-goslings enempilo izosuka kubo.
Shell
Le ngxenye yeqanda nayo inezidingo:
- ubuso bubushelelezi ngisho;
- kanzima, hhayi ezithambile;
- akukho ukulimala: ukuphahlazeka, iziphuphu;
- mahhala amaphutha: amazinyo, ama-bumps, ukwanda, ukukhula kanye nebhande (ukuqina phakathi);
- ukuhlanza, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo: imifino, igazi, izimpaphe.
Ezinye abalimi bezinkukhu bahlamba amaqanda abo ngamanzi bese bewabulala ngama-potassium permanganate. Abanye bathi ukugeza kuyingozi, futhi bahlanzwa yi-hydrogen peroxide.
Ividiyo: ukulungiselela nokubeka amaqanda e-goose ku-incubator
Yolk
Ngaphambi kokufakwa ku-incubator, wonke amaqanda kufanele akhanyiswe nge-ovoscope, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abukeka kanjani ephelele. Akusizi ngalutho ukubeka izilinganiso ezingenalutho kanye nalawo angaphansi kwazo.
Kubalulekile! Eqanda lezinyosi bekungenaso isikhathi sokungcola, kuyisifiso sokuyithatha esidlekeni ngokushesha emva kokubhujiswa. Uma ilele emalini amahora angaphezu kwama-5, ama-microbes angaphazamisa umbungu angene emaphethini egobolondo.
I-yolk kufanele ihlangabezane nalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- eyodwa, hhayi ezimbili;
- umbala omnyama ngaphandle kwemingcele ecacile;
- ephakathi nendawo;
- Ukuhamba: lapho iqanda liphenduka, i-yolk ibuyela kancane phakathi (uma ingahambisani, kusho ukuthi inamathela kugobolondo);
- Ama-haolacks asekela i-yolk ayinani eliphelele;
- i-yolk efana, ngaphandle kokufaka okuhlukahlukene;
- iphrotheni inkulu, ayiketshezi, ngaphandle kokuphuma;
- isikhupha kanye neprotheni akufanele ixutshwe.
Ikamelo lomoya
Lapha futhi, ube nezindinganiso zabo:
- indawo: ekugcineni okumnyama, kodwa hhayi ohlangothini hhayi ohlangothini olubukhali;
- ubukhulu: encane, ayikho ngaphezu kwe-2 mm (ikamelo elikhulu lomoya likhuluma ngomkhiqizo stale);
- akufanele kube yiselula (ukunyakaza - isibonakaliso somsebenzi wegobolondo langaphakathi).
Funda ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani i-goose yesizwe, ukuthi unquma kanjani ubulili bama-goose, uma izinsizi ziqala ukuhamba ekhaya, zingaki amaqanda i-goose ethwala.
Ingabe ikhona igciwane
Kungenzeka ukunquma ukuba khona kombungu kuphela ezinsukwini ezingu-4-5 emva kokuphahlazeka. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, i-isikhukhu iselula kakhulu futhi iluhlaza, futhi ikamelo lomoya alikakhiwa. Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukwenza ngaphezulu kokuhamba ngosuku lwesihlanu, kodwa hhayi ngaphambili. Kulesi simo, umbungu ngokwawo ngeke usawubonakale.
Izimpawu zokukhulelwa:
- ukuba nekamelo elincane lesikhala emoyeni endaweni efanele;
- i-yolk ayisekho ukukhanya, kodwa ukufana okumnyama nokuhambisana;
- i-yolk ihamba ngaphakathi kwe-squirrel, kodwa kancane futhi ibuye ibuyele endaweni ephakathi.
Amaqanda we-goose wesitoreji kuya kubhukumaka
Iningi lezinkukhu abalimi kufanele balinde izinsuku eziningana ukuze baqoqe inombolo efanele yamaqanda futhi bazalise amaphuphu enyaka efanayo kubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izazi zithi kungcono ukugxila hhayi nje amaqanda abekwe phansi, kodwa amahora ambalwa ngisho nezinsuku. Lokhu kupholisa kuqinisa umbungu.
Uyazi? Ngosuku lwesibili ngemuva kokuqothula, ama-goslings asekwazi kakade ukubhukuda ngekhono. I-goose ayifundisi ukuthi, ngoba ukubhukuda kungokwemvelo.
Mangaki amaqanda e-goose agcinwa
Imibono ngalolu daba ihlukile. Abanye bathi iminyaka engcono kakhulu yamaqanda amabhukhimakhi ayizinsuku ezingu-5, abanye babheka isikhathi esiphezulu sezinsuku ezingu-10-15. Kodwa uma zigcinwa isikhathi eside, i-percentage of brood engezansi:
- uma lokho kugcinwa izinsuku ezingu-5, khona-ke u-hatchability u-79.8%;
- Izinsuku ezingu-10 - 72.7%;
- Izinsuku ezingu-15 - 53.7%;
- Izinsuku ezingu-20 - 32.5%;
- Izinsuku ezingu-25 - 0%.
Imithetho yesitoreji
Izimo zokugcinwa kwezinto zokufakelwa kwezingxube zithinta kakhulu izinkomba zokwehlisa umzimba kanye nekhwalithi (impilo) yenzalo yezinyosi.
Imithetho Yokugcina:
- igumbi: eyomile, ehlanzekile, enomoya omuhle, ngaphandle kwephunga langaphandle (ekamelweni elingcolile nelinamanzi, ama-microbes abhubhisayo angena eqanda ngama-pores egobolondo ngomoya);
- lokushisa: 8-18 ° C, cishe 12-15 ° C (emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kwe-22 ° C, umbungu uqala ukukhula, kodwa ngokungalungile, futhi iqanda likhula masinyane);
- umswakama: 70-80 %;
- isikhundla seqanda: ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokuphelelwa yisikhathi (uphendule kanye ngesonto) noma ngokuzungezile, ngokuphela okubukhali kancane phansi (vula usuku nosuku);
- ezokuthutha: ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokuzamazama, ukuze kungalimazi ikamelo lomoya noma ubuqotho beqanda).
Zijwayeze ngezici zokukhiqiza zamazwe, ama-White White Geese, amaMamut, Abaphathi, abakwaKuban, amaGorky ne-Tula, amaShayina, ama-Linda Geese, isiDanishi Legart, amaHungary White, i-Arzamas, i-Toulouse, i-Rhine, i-Kholmogory geese.
Ukwandiswa kwemali yesheluli
Ukuze ugcwalise umzila we-incubator, ngezinye izikhathi kufanele ugcine izinto ezinsukwini ezingaphezu kwezingu-10. Khona-ke udinga ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa egumbini kuya ku-8-10 ° C.
Ngokuhlolisisa, ochwepheshe baye bahlakulela izindlela eziningana ezandisa impilo yokugcina imfucumfucu yenkampani yokufakelwa ukufaka ezinsukwini ezingu-20-25:
- Ukushisa ngezikhathi ezithile: Izinsuku ezingu-2-4 emva kokubeka amaqanda atshiswa engxenyeni yama-4-5 amahora atshisa ama-37.5-38 ° C kanye nomswakama ka 55-70%. Khona-ke ithreyi ibuyiselwa kumibandela yokugcina yangaphambili. Ezinye izinkukhu zezinkukhu ziphinda le nqubo njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-2-3, ezinye emva kwezinsuku ezingu-5. Futhi abanye bakholelwa ukuthi kwanele ukukwenza kanyekanye.
- Ukushisa kwansuku zonke: Kusukela ngosuku lwesihlanu, i-tray yamaqanda ithunyelwa ku-incubator ngehora elilodwa nsuku zonke, ishuthukiswe ku-37.2 ° C. Le nqubo ikhiqiza inqubo yemvelo uma ihansi ihlezi embhedeni wokuhlanza nsuku zonke.
- Isitoreji esimweni segesi eshintshiwe: Amaqanda afakwa ephaketheni elingahambisani nomoya (i-lavsan-polyethylene), lapho i-oksijeni, lapho ama-particles ayithatha khona isikhathi eside, iduma. I-oxygen encane emvelweni oseduze neqanda, ihamba kancane. Ungaphinde ucebise imvelo esikhwameni nge nitrogen, i-ozone noma i-carbon dioxide esingaphansi kwe-carbon dioxide, ukuguga kuyashesha ngisho nakakhulu. Esigodini esinjalo, indaba kufanele igcinwe ngo-10-12 ° C.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma iyiphi indlela yokugcina isikhathi eside, isilwane ngasinye kufanele sibe ne-disinfected.
Ukubeka amaqanda ku-incubator
- Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa, i-incubator iyashisa ku-37.8-38 ° C, ngaleyo njongo ifakwe 3-4 amahora ngaphambili.
- Lezi zinto zazilungiselelwe kusengaphambili: izibonelo ezikhethiwe kahle, zihlolwe kwi-ovoscope, zihlanzekile futhi zixiliswe nge-disinfected.
- Imikhiqizo ifakwa esiteji ngokuzungezile.
- Uma kungekho indlela yokuzenzekelayo, kuzodingeka iguqulwe ngesandla (mhlawumbe izikhathi ezine ngosuku). Ukuze kube lula, ungabhala ikhophi ngayinye ezinhlangothini ezimbili.
- Setha imodi ku-incubator: lokushisa - 38-39 ° C, umswakama - 70%.
- Landela imithetho yokufaka amaqanda e-goose.
Funda ukuthi ungakhula kanjani ama-goslings ku-incubator.
Isinyathelo sokubeka amaqanda e-goose ku-incubator: ividiyo
Ovoskopirovaniya ngosuku
Ovoskopirovaniya kudingekile ngaphambi nangesikhathi ukugxilwa 3-4 izikhathi:
- Ngaphambi kokubhuka, hlola izinga lomkhiqizo: akukho ukulimala kwegobolondo namabala amnyama, isimo se-yolk kanye namaprotheni, ukuba khona kwekamelo lomoya.
- Ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye lwesishiyagalolunye lokukhushulwa: Ungabona i-speck ye-embryo kanye negridi yesistimu yayo yokujikeleza. Ungabona futhi ukulimala okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, iqanda elingenalutho, elingenalutho (ukuguquka ngokuphelele) kanye nendandatho enegazi (i-embryo ifile).
- Izinsuku ezingu-15-21: Ikhophi enhle ayiguquguquki, imnyama ngokuphelele, futhi i-air chamber glows kuphela. Okukhethwa okubi: ukukhanya okugcwele - okungafihliwe, okukhanyayo ngendawo emnyama futhi ngaphandle kwegridi yegazi - imbungu yafa.
- Ezinsukwini zokugcina ngaphambi kokukhipha (Usuku lwama-28-29): ungabona ukuhamba kwe-goose, uzwe umsindo kanye ne-squeak yakhe. Isibonelo esibi: mnyama, kepha akukho ukunyakaza okubonakalayo futhi akukho imisindo ezwakalayo - i-goose encane yafa.
Amaqanda amabi kufanele asuswe ku-incubator ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthola.
Funda ngezitshalo ezikhulayo ekhaya, ukondla ama-goslings, izizathu zokuthi kungani ama-goslings ewela ezinyaweni zawo.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokufakelwa nokugcinwa kwayo kufanele kusondele kakhulu. Lezi zici ezimbili zithonya kakhulu umphumela wokufakelwa ukufakelwa. Ukuze uthole imifino emihle ye-goslings enempilo, kubalulekile ukulandela yonke imithetho echazwe ngenhla ngokucacile.
Ividiyo: Amaqanda aqhaqha ama-ovoscoping
Ukubuyekeza
Masinyane kudingeka ugeze futhi uhlaziye amagciwane amaqanda okumele agcinwe ukufakelwa ngaphakathi, noma nje ngaphambi kokufakelwa ukufakelwa ngaphakathi?
Yebo, kunconywa ukuthi uhlaziye amagciwane ngamaqanda ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqwa futhi ngaphambi kokubeka. Khona-ke kunconywa ukuba ukuyikhipha ngama-disinfect ngaphambi kokushintshela kwisiphetho. Kodwa kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi i-incubator nayo idinga ukukhukhulwa nge-disinfected.
u-comizol1 uyabhala:
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi unqwelise i-potassium permanganate evamile?
Yebo, kungenzeka, kodwa ikhambi akufanele ligxilwe kakhulu, ngoba lingena eqanda futhi lingalimaza umbungu. Ungakwazi futhi ukugeza ngesisombululo se-1-1.5% se-hydrogen peroxide, i-0.2-0.5% ye-peracetic acid, i-1.5-2.0% i-chloramine B.
Ekhaya, okuthiwa ukuchithwa kwamanzi amaqanda kunomqondo owamukelekile, enye yezindlela zokwelashwa kwegobolondo ezinezixazululo ezincane zokusabalalisa izixazululo ezinomsoco wezifo ezibulala amagciwane.
Uhlobo lwe-virocid lwe-disinfectant (VIROCID) lisetshenziselwa indlela ye-aerosol noma i-spray, lusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwama-hatcherries kanye nama-cabinets okufakelwa ngaphakathi. Indlela enhle ukugcoba amaqanda ngesibani se-quartz ebangeni lika-30-40 cm emaceleni omabili ngemizuzu engu-10-15.
Uma i-colibacteriosis ivela epulazini, amaqanda ayengezwa nge-i-0.5% ye-iodine isisombululo noma ichlorised ngesixazululo se-bleach equkethe i-chlorine esebenzayo engu-1.2-1.5%, futhi uma i-aspergillosis ikhona, iphathwa ngesisombululo se-5% ithusi le-sulfate.
Esikhundleni se-ovoskop, ngisebenzisa i-filimoscope yezingane, konke kubonakala ngokucacile.
