- Uhlobo: iris
- Isikhathi Sezimbali: Meyi, Juni, Julayi
- Ukuphakama: 15-40cm
- Umbala: Okubomvu, Okubomvu kwegazi
- Okungenasisekelo
- Ilanga elinothando
- Ukuthanda
Izimbali zentwasahlobo yizona ezifiswa kakhulu, zihambisana nokukhanya kwelanga okufudumele, ukuqala kwehlobo okusondele. Ngokusobala, lokhu kuchaza ukuthandwa okukhulu kwama-irises - kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, kuye kwavezwa izihlava ezinde zazo zonke izithunzi zemibhede emibhedeni yezimbali yezindawo ezingaphansi kwedolobha. Inani elikhulu lezinhlobo (cishe ezingama-800) likuvumela ukuthi ukhethe izimbali ngokuhlanganiswa okulungile futhi, kanye nezinye izitshalo, zakha izingoma ezinhle ngokumangalisayo. Ake sibheke kabanzi ukuthi ama-irises amabi atshalwa futhi anakekelwa kanjani.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi: ukugeleza kwamanzi nokugqoka okuphezulu
I-Irises ayifuneki ikakhulukazi, kepha kunamaphuzu ambalwa okufanele acatshangwe. Azinconywa:
- inhlabathi enamanzi;
- umhlabathi ompofu onamaminerali;
- isithunzi esingapheli.
Ukutshala emthambekeni owenziwe ngokungemthetho kusebenza njengesivikelo emswakama ngokweqile. Uma amanzi asemhlabathini esondela ezimpandeni, ukukhuphuka okuncane okunethambeka eningizimu kufanele kwakhiwe futhi kwakhiwe nohlelo lwedamu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, vele uphakamise imbali yezimbali ngo-20 cm futhi uqinisekise ukuphuma kwamanzi emvula.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokutshala ama-irises: olulodwa, ihlathi, iqembu, ukuhlwanyelwa kwamahhala. Izimbali ezinezimbali ezinkulu zisetshenziselwa ukutshala okukodwa, nezincane - kuneqembu
Isampula yombhede wezimbali onama-irises: 1 - Izwi le-hyacinth Purple; 2 - i-tulip Flashpoint; I-3 - i-daffodil Ingane entsha; I-4 - i-iris net Cantab; I-5 - iScylla Siberian Alba
Irises iyayithanda imisebe yelanga, kepha ingachitha ingxenye ethile yesikhathi emthunzini, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukuthi iphule ingadi yezimbali ezindaweni ezingenazithunzela noma ezibomvana kancane. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi ichuma ngamanyolo we-organic, bese igaywa ngokucophelela futhi ikhululwe. Umquba uvame ukwenziwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, cishe unyaka ngaphambi kokutshala.
Inhlabathi ekahle ene-bulbous iyaconsa. Ukusabela kwe-alkaline kunikezwa nge-lime, ushoko noma amaqanda amaqanda alethwa emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokumba. Kungcono ukufaka umhlabathi onesihlabathi nge-humus; umlotha kanye no-40 g we-superphosphate (nge-1 m²) ngeke ube mkhulu. U-Clay, kunalokho, ungcono ukusula ngesihlabathi sengxenyana enkulu bese ufaka i-humus encane noma umquba ukuze ucebise.
I-athikili ehlobene: Ukunciphisa umhlabathi engadini: kungani, nini futhi kanjani ukukwenza?
Akufanele unqunyelwe kumibhede yezimbali yendabuko etholakala ezindaweni zokuphumula nezisendleleni. Isiqu sokuqala kombhede sibukeka sihle ngokwengeziwe!
Indawo yokutshala izimbali ayinakushintshwa iminyaka engaba ngu-10, izinhlobo ze-hybrid - iminyaka emi-5. Amandla we-irises ukukhula ngokushesha kuholela ekushodeni kwezakhamzimba enhlabathini, okudinga ukuguqulwa kwendawo, okungukuthi, ukudluliswa kombhede wezimbali.
Autumn - Isikhathi sokutshala isibani
Izinto zokuqala kuqala, siphakamisa ukuthi ubuke ividiyo esihlokweni:
Izici zokutshala zincike ezinhlobonhlobo. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, ama-iridodictiums, amaTurkey namaCaucasian, kanye nzalo yawo, avela kahle futhi abekezelele ubusika. Sikhetha indawo eyomile, evulekile futhi sigaya imigodi engashoni - ifinyelela ku-7 cm. Sigcwalisa ama-bulbs ukuze inhlabathi ingalali ngokuqinile kuwo, futhi kungcono ukufaka inhlabathi encane ekwakhiweni kwayo. Ukuvikela izitshalo ezifweni zokukhunta, ama-bulbs athengiwe aselashwa ngeFundazol noma iBenlat. Ehlobo, ngemuva kokuphela kwesiqu kanye namaqabunga, sihlukanisa ama-bulbs endodakazi amancane, adingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe okunye.
Ukuhlobisa imibhede yezimbali, kusetshenziswa uhlobo olulodwa noma ngaphezulu lwama-irises. Imibala ehlukahlukene ikuvumela ukuthi wakhe izingoma zobuhle ezingandile
Ama-bulbs ezinhlobonhlobo zeJuno ahlukaniswa ngosayizi wawo omkhulu nokuba khona kwezimpande ezinamanzi, zivuselelwa minyaka yonke, okufanele ziphathwe ngokucophelela. Uma izimpande ziwe, isitshalo sizakufa. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala ama-irises ane-bulbous emhlabathini ovulekile yisonto lokugcina likaSepthemba noma iminyaka eyishumi yokuqala ka-Okthoba. Ama ama ancishiswa ngokucophelela emigodini ukuze angalimazi izimpande, afafazwe ngesendlalelo somhlaba kuze kube ngu-6 cm ubukhulu.
Umgodi wokutshala kufanele ube mncane - cishe ngamamitha amabili wesibalo, ngakho-ke, u-anyanisi omncane wama-irises, ukujula kuka-4 kuye ku-7 cm kufanelekile
Ukulungiswa kwehlobo kuqukethe ngokumba ama-bulbs ngemuva kokubuna kwe-iris nokuyimisa egumbini elinamazinga okushisa angama-22-25 ° C. Inketho yesibili ukumboza umbhede wezimbali ngefilimu, ukuvikela emvuleni, kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Ukusakazwa okwengeziwe kweJuno kwenziwa noma ngamabhuleki endodakazi, noma ngembewu, etshalwe emabhokisini akhethekile. Amabhokisi embewu, njengama bulbs, kumele omiswe. Amahlumela avela, njengomthetho, ngonyaka wesibili.
Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo zesikhathi esizayo ngesikhathi sokutshala lungahluka: ubuncane kubhekwe njengegebe lobubanzi bezibalo ezimbili (njengomphumela kwakhiwa isihlahla esiminyene), okuphezulu - kufinyelela engxenyeni yemitha (imvamisa yodwa enamahlamvu aluhlaza atshalwe ngale ndlela).
Sebenzisa ubhasikidi wepulasitiki ukuze ukhule
Esitolo esitolo ungathenga obhasikidi olula kodwa olula kakhulu wokutshala izilimo ze-bulb.
Ukuze ususe ingxenye ye-turf, sibeka obhasikidi wepulasitiki endaweni oyifunayo bese sizungeleza i-contour singene ku-12 cm ngefosholo noma nge-scoop.
Susa ngokucophelela ucezu ohlukaniswe ngalo we-turf, bese ujula umgodi obangelwa ngu-20-30 cm ukuze ubhasikidi ulunge ngokuphelele
Phansi komgodi, uthele umanyolo bese usetha ubhasikidi. Sigcwalisa ungqimba omanzi lomhlabathi ovundile bese sitshala ama
Sigcwalisa ama elitshaliwe ngesendlalelo somhlaba omncane bese sibuyisela ucezu oludaliwe. Ngakho-ke, ama-bulbs azosebenzisa ubusika bonke ezimweni ezinhle
Kubhasikidi kulula ngoba kungasuswa kalula emhlabathini futhi, kanye no-anyanisi otshaliwe, kuthuthelwe egumbini lokomiswa.
Ungayinakekela kanjani irises?
Ngaphezu kokutshala okufika ngesikhathi nokulungiswa kwenhlabathi, ukunakekela izitshalo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwazo kuyadingeka: ama-irises okuqala aqala ukuqhakaza ngoMeyi, kamuva ama-irises aqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwama-irises ane-bulbous kuhlanganisa ukufaka umquba njalo ngomanyolo nokuvikelwa ezinambuzaneni. Elinye iphuzu lokukhathazeka ngezimbali ukunisela. Ama-Irises akufanele aniselwe ngesikhathi semvula, futhi ngenkathi eyomile ukunisela ngokulingana kuyadingeka ngokuqinile kusihlwa.
Kubalulekile ukukhetha imibala efanelekile efanelekile. Isibonelo, ama-irise aseSiberia abhekwa njengento engamelana kakhulu nesithwathwa, ngakho-ke abekezelela ubusika kalula kule ndawo engasenyakatho
Ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo wezimbiwa
Entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa, silinda ukuthi ingaphezulu lomhlabathi lome ngokuphelele ukuze sikwazi ukufaka umquba. Izisombululo ezenziwe ngomumo kanye nokuxuba okwomile kwendawo yonke, ngokwesibonelo, iReasil noma Amandla Ami, afanele. Sibeka inani elidingekayo lokugqoka phezulu ungqimba olungaphezulu (noma simane silisakaze ebusweni benhlabathi ezungeze ama bulbs), bese silikhulula ngokucophelela, siqaphele ukuthi singazibambi izimpande.
Enye yezinketho ezintathu zezigaba ezintathu zokondla i-hybrid irises akuwona unyaka wokuqala wezimbali:
- i-nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus (2: 3: 1) - entwasahlobo emhlabathini owomile;
- ukwakheka okufanayo, kepha ngendlela ehlukile (3: 3: 1) - ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesiqu;
- potassium, phosphorus (1: 1) - inyanga eyi-1 ngemuva kokuqala kwenkathi yezimbali.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu futhi okushiywe njalo okuphezulu kuqinisekisa izimfanelo eziphezulu zokuhlobisa, ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo nezimbali ezinde. Enye yezikhathi ezibalulekile empilweni yesitshalo ukwakhiwa kwezimbali. Ukuchuma kulesi sigaba kunikeza ukuqhakaza okugcwele okuqhakazile, okugcwele ngonyaka ozayo.
Umanyolo wama-bulbs aqukethe i-lignohumate, eyenza imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile: ikhuthaza ukukhula ngokushesha, inyusa ukumelana kwesitshalo kwezifo, ikhulisa ukuhlobisa
Akudingekile ukwenza umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi we-irises ngokwakho, isitolo sithengisa izingoma ezenziwe ngomumo ze-anyanisi ngezindlela ezimbili: isixazululo kanye nokuhlanganiswa okomile
Bheka inani le-nitrogen ngokucophelela. Ukudlula kwalolu hlobo kubangela “ukukhathala” - inqubo lapho amaqabunga ekhula khona okuphawuleka, kepha izimbali azikho ngokuphelele.
Umsebenzi Wokuvimbela Izinambuzane
Ngaphandle kwesikhathi sezimbali esifushane, ukutshala kwama-irises ane-bulb kuhambisana nezindlela zokuzivikela. Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwezigciwane ezingacelwanga, ukufafaza okujwayelekile kwezitshalo kufanele kwenziwe njalo emavikini amabili. Kuyadingeka ukuqala kusukela esikhathini lapho amaqabunga efinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha ayi-10. Ngokuvamile sebenzisa i- "Malathion" (isiza kusukela ezimithini ezibulala ukhula) noma ama-pesticides e-universal. Ngokuqala kwamahlamvu, ukwelashwa kumisiwe.
Imvamisa, irises inesifo sezimpande ne-bulb - bacteriosis, esidala ukubola kwezingxenye ngazinye. Isitshalo siyambiwa, izingxenye ezinezifo ziyasuswa, zigezwe ku-potanganum permanganate bese zidluliselwa kwenye indawo
Ungasinquma kanjani lesi sifo ku-inardard irises? Imvamisa isitshalo esinempilo sinenqwaba yamaqabunga angama-7-9, kanti isiguli singakwazi ukubona ngaphezu kwesi-5. Kunenkinga ngokwakhiwa kwamahlamvu wezimbali. Ukwelashwa, lesi sitshalo simbiwa, sihlanzwe ukubola nezinambuzane, siphathwe nge-antiseptic. Uma i-irises ithinteka yi-thrips, ukugoqa kwe-wax yemvelo kumaqabunga kuyaphuka.
Ukuvimbela kuqukethe ukulungiselela okulungiselelwe kwama bulbs konyaka olandelayo - ukususwa kwesiqu esidala kanye namaqabunga, izimbotshana kanye nezimbali, lapho izinambuzane eziyingozi zingahlala khona.
Ukunakekelwa kwendabuko kwama-irises kuqinisekisa ukuqhakaza kwazo okungajwayelekile okungajwayelekile kanye nekhono lokwenza izingadi zezimbali ezingafani nalutho.
