Izwe lakubo ama-black hens we-galan inyama yokuzalwa yiRussia. Izinkukhu zihlukaniswa umbala omnyama nempaphe ende ende enjenge-mane. Izimpaphe nazo zakha amathangi aphuza emabhokisini wezinyosi - isiRussia esinezinyosi ezimnyama sabizwa ngokuthi ubuhlobo balezi zici. Izinkukhu zinomzimba omuhle kanye nomkhiqizo omuhle.
Ukuzalana ngokubeletha
Njengezinhlobo eziningi, idatha enembile emvelaphi nokukhethwa kokuqala ayizange igcinwe. Kodwa ngokusekelwe kulo mphumela, kungacatshangwa ukuthi umgomo wawuyizimfanelo zokuhlobisa (umbala, ubhedu) nokulondolozwa kokukhiqiza inyama. 
Isisekelo sohlobo olusha sithathwe izendlalelo ezijwayelekile zendawo. Ngomunye owodwa omnyama, ngokwezinye zezinguqulo, izinkukhu zohlobo lwesiFulentshi zithathwa. Crevker. Inqwaba yezihlobo zombili zifana ngokuphelele. Kodwa uKrevker uhlukanisa isikhumba esihlokweni. Ngokwezinye izinguqulo, i-hen ye-Orlovskaya black yayisetshenziselwa ukuthola inqwaba enjalo. Ukuziphakamisa okuziqhenyayo, okuvela emadodeni ezinhlanga zempi, kunempaphe ende yomlomo wesibeletho, amandla amakhulu kanye nokukhiqiza inyama.
Futhi, abacwaningi baqaphele ukuthi inkokhelo yokuzalanisa yayihilelekile ekuzaleni. i-viandotehlobene inyama yonke kanye nohlobo lweqanda.
Thola okuningi mayelana ne-Crevker ne-Wyandot.
Umphumela wokuzalanisa uhlobo oluhambisana nezici zokuhlobisa, isisindo esihle (isisindo esingu-3-4 kg we-rooster) kanye namazinga amahle kakhulu okukhiqiza amaqanda (cishe amaqanda angama-200 ngonyaka).
Incazelo kanye nezici
Izibonakaliso eziyinhloko ze-galans zikhonjisiwe amagama ahlukahlukene:
- I-stately yaseRashiya - igama lamanje laseMelika;
- Ubusika obumnyama baseRussia - igama elivamile eYurophu;
- i-wood grouse igama elidumile.
Elinye igama elidumile kulolu hlobo yizinkukhu ezihloniphekile, cishe ezivela endaweni yokuhlala - emapulazini ase-manor. 
Izimpawu zokubeletha:
- ikhanda lihlotshiswe ngamathangi;
- intamo ende ende;
- ipulazi elihle kakhulu lomlomo wesibeletho;
- umbala omnyama nge-tint eluhlaza;
- i-torso enamafutha amancane ama-cockerels.
Funda futhi ngezinhlobo zezinkukhu zaseRashiya: ama-Russian crested, i-Zagorsk salmon, i-Kuchinskaya anniversary, i-Leningrad igolide-grey, i-Moscow emnyama nomhlophe, i-Yurlovskaya vociferous.
Ukubukeka nomzimba
Isibalo se-rooster sisekwe phezulu phezulu. Izembatho zide futhi ziqinile. Intamo ide ne-bend. Inqwaba emihle yentamo nape. Inhloko ephakathi nendawo ngekhamera elibombala, i-brows brow ebanzi, isikhwama esifushane sephuzi. Umsila ubukhulu, ubude obuphakathi. Imilenze enamandla, enemilenze eqinile. Amehlo umbala obomvu obomvu.
Izinkukhu zezinkukhu ezinamandla eziqondile. Intamo isilinganiso, isinyene. Indlebe ye-earbe yincane, ibomvu. Ikhanda lihlotshiswe ngekhampani encane enemibala, amathangi amakhulu, izinpaphe ezinde zentamo. Amaphiko amancane afanelana nomzimba. 
Umlingisi
Okunye ukuhumusha okudumile kwegama lohlobo - okunamandla - kubonisa uhlobo oluzolile, olulinganiselayo lwezinkukhu. AmaGalda ahambahamba eduze nendawo yokuhamba epulazini, ama-cockerels abiza ngenkuni izinkukhu ngasemuva futhi zibavumele ngenhlonipho. Izinkukhu zihamba kancane futhi azibonisi umsebenzi owedlulele. Izinyoni zihambisana kahle nezinye izakhamuzi zendlu.
AmaGalathi azizwa kahle ngendlela evulekile futhi ezimweni zamahhala.
Uyazi? Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda lokubeka izinyosi kuxhomeke ekutheni iqhude lihlabelela ngokuzwakalayo. Ngakho-ke, ezinkampanini zezinkukhu zisungula izintambo, zisakaze ukucula iqhude.
I-instinct evumayo
Isimvelo se-nest of the galans sithuthukile kahle, ngakho-ke indlela enhle yokuzizalisa yona amaqanda amaqanda. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi cishe zonke izinkukhu zesihlanu zibuthakathaka ngalesi siko. Ukuzalanisa kufanele ukhethe i-Klush enakekela kakhulu.
Izinkomba Zokusebenza
Uhlobo lwalo luhlobo lwezinkukhu zenyama kanye nomkhiqizo weqanda ngezimpawu zokuhlobisa. Izinhlobo ezinjalo azibeki amarekhodi esisindo noma ukukhiqizwa kweqanda, kodwa zinezinkomba ezinhle kakhulu. 
Isisindo se-cockerel omdala singama-3-4 kg. Inkukhu yezinkukhu - 3-3.5 kg. Izidumbu zinkulu, zinyama, ziqukethe amafutha aphansi. Ukunambitheka kwenyama kuhle kakhulu. Inyama inexabiso eliphezulu lokudla okunomsoco.
Izinkukhu ze-gudan, i-forverk, i-lakenfelder, i-barnevelder, i-legbar kanye nezinhlobo ze-brekel zinokubukeka okuhlobisa kanye nezinkomba ezinhle zokukhiqiza inyama nomkhiqizo weqanda.
Ukukhula nokuzuza kwesisindo
Ngaphambi kokufinyelela ekuvuthweni (izinyanga ezingu-5), amaGalathi ayenesisindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisindo samadoda kanye nezinkukhu lihlala lizinzile futhi lingashintsha kancane ngenxa yenguquko yonyaka: isikhathi sokulumba, ukulungiselela umzimba ebusika, ukudla okunamandla kwamaprotheni nezinye izizathu. Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yokuphila, amantombazane "engeziwe" angahlatshwa inyama, futhi ukuhlelwa kwezendlalelo kuhlelwe ngonyaka wesine, lapho ukukhiqizwa kweqanda kuqala ukuhla.
Lapho beqala ukuzalwa nokuthi yikuphi ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ngonyaka
Izinkukhu ziqala ukungena Izinyanga ezingu-4-5. Ngonyaka, inkukhu ingathatha amaqanda angaba ngu-200. Amaqanda amakhulu, afana nosayizi, afinyelela ku-70 g. Igobolondo lamaqanda lingumbala ocolile ukhilimu.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba kunomsoco okwanele, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kwehla kakhulu kuya ezingxenyeni eziyikhulu ngonyaka.
Inkukhu yakudala inomkhiqizo ozinzile iminyaka engu-3-4.
Yini ongayidla
I-Galans - lohlobo aluhloniphi kakhulu kokuqukethwe futhi aludingi izinga lokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkukhu ezihamba ngezinyawo zizihlinzeka kahle ngokwanele kokudla okuyisisekelo kwazo, zidla izibungu, izinambuzane nezitshalo. 
Kodwa ebusikauma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinyoni zithola ukudla okwanele:
- izinga lokudla okunomsoco we-1 ungqimba ngosuku liyi 120-130 g;
- ukudla kwe-caloric - i-kcal 300;
- izinga lokuphuza - 300 g
Isigaba samandla amakhulu - kathathu ngosuku: okusanhlamvu ekuseni nakusihlwa, ntambama - mash kanye nefolda eluhlaza.
Ingxenye yokusanhlamvu yesondlo iqukethe:
- ukolweni;
- ummbila;
- ibhali;
- isilwane.
Ngaphakathi isikhathi esifudumele iminyaka, izinkukhu zidinga imifino ehlukahlukene kanye nanoma yimiphi imifino nezithelo zonyaka: izaqathe, i-fodder beet, amazambane, i-zucchini, ithanga, amakhabe, ama-apula, njll. Ebusika Ifolishi eluhlaza ishintsha okusanhlamvu okuhlwanyelwe. 
Ekudleni kufanele kube:
- isikhombi;
- i-shellfish;
- inyama kanye nethambo lesifuba;
- umugqa;
- ikhekhe
Kubalulekile! Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zekhekhe lamafutha ziqukethe isisindo esiyingozi - i-gossypol. Ikakhulukazi eningi ngekhekhe lekotini. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuba usondele kule nkengezo ngokuqapha.
Ukwengeza, ukudla kuhlanganisa ama-mash, okulungiselelwe nge-whey ukuhlinzeka ngama-protein ngamaprotheni kanye nama-amino acid adingekayo.
Izinkukhu
Ukondla izinkukhu kudinga ukuhambisana ngokucophelela nazo zonke izidingo zokudla okunomsoco.
Ukudla kwezinkukhu kumasonto amabili okuphila:
- amaqanda abilisiwe abomvu;
- i-millet ebilisiwe kanye nenxenye yama-millet ejwayelekile;
- ukudla okuxutshwe "Qala" umhlabathi ophansi;
- i-cottage ushizi, ubisi omuncu;
- imifino: izaqathe abilisiwe, ithanga.
Vula Isonto le-3-4 I-cereal eqoshiwe, i-beet, imifino ifakwe kwisilinganiso. Esikhundleni samaqanda, unike i-cottage shizi, engeza isikhombi.
Nge Iviki lesi-5 Ama-feeds anikezwa izinkukhu esikhundleni sokudla kokuqala.
Kudingeka ukondle izinkukhu ezisanda kuzalwa okungenani izikhathi ezingu-8 ngosuku ngekhefu lamahora angaba ngu-2 phakathi kokuphakelayo. Kancane kancane, kungakapheli izinyanga ezimbili, ibanga eliphakathi kokunakekelwa landa futhi landa ngamaphesenti amathathu ngosuku, njengamakhukhu omdala.
Uhlelo lokudla kwezinkukhu:
- Iviki eli-1 - izikhathi ezingu-8 ngosuku;
- Isonto eli-3 - izikhathi ezingu-6;
- Isonto 5 - izikhathi ezine;
- Isonto 7 - izikhathi ezintathu.
Isilinganiso sokudla sezinkukhu eziyi-1 ngesonto lokuqala lokuphila singu-5-10 g wezinkukhu ngosuku. Inani lamandla landa kancane kancane.
Ekudleni kwe-stock esincane kufanele kube:
- okusanhlamvu - 20 g;
- i-serum - 15 g;
- i-curd - 3 g;
- inyama kanye nesidlo senyama noma inhlanzi - 3 g;
- ikhekhe - 1 g;
- imifino - 15 g;
- imifino impande - 10 g;
- imikhiqizo ehlala njalo - unyaka owodwa
Izinkukhu zinganikwa ukondliwa kwezimboni noma ukudla okwenziwe ngokwakho.
Kubalulekile! I-apparatus yokudla yezinkukhu yenzelwe ngendlela yokuthi amatshe amancane adingekayo ekugayeni i-fiber yokudla, leyo inkukhu iguquka kanye nokudla. Amadlebhe enza ngaphakathi esiswini sakhe indima efanayo njengamazinyo kubantu. Uma kungenamatshe amancane ekuhambeni, faka igravel elincane noma amatshe amatshe e-feeder ehlukile endlini.
Izinkukhu ezindala
Ukudla kwezinkukhu ezindala akufani nokudla kwezinsizakalo ezincane. Okuhlukile isikhathi sokulungiselela izinkukhu ze-egg-laying. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinkukhu kufanele zithole i-calcium ephakeme kanye ne-eggshell, igobolondo, isikhali, i-cottage shizi noma amasondo. I-calcium, njengezinye izakhi, idliwa umzimba ngamandla ekubunjweni kwezixhobo zokuzala. Ngemuva kokujwayelekile kwenqubo yeqanda, izinkukhu zizodinga ukulinganisa okujwayelekile kwezigaba.
Ukulinganisa okulinganiselwe (ngogremu):
- Ukudla okusanhlamvu ekubunjweni: ummbila - 40, ukolweni - 20, ibhali - 30, oats - 30.
- imifino - 100;
- Mash - 30-40.
Izithasiselo ezingeziwe: inyama nesifuba, isitsha, usawoti, imvubelo, i-bran.
Izici Zokuqukethwe
Galana izimo ezingenakuzithoba futhi ezingadingekile zokuboshwa. 
Izici eziyinhloko zokuqukethwe kohlobo:
- ukutholakala kokuhamba mahhala noma okuvinjiwe kuzohlinzeka le nyoni ngezithasiselo eziwusizo ekudleni okuyisisekelo;
- izinkukhu azidingi ukuhamba ezindlini kanye nezicingo eziphakeme, ngoba cishe aziboni;
- I-Galana yimihlobo engabandeki futhi ayidingi indlu enkukhulayo yenkukhu - kwanele ukuthi i-insulated futhi ayinayo i-drafts;
- umshini wezinkukhu (hay, utshani) kumele ube owomile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo.
In inkukhu coop nge ukuhamba
Izidingo zekhosi:
- ukufudumala;
- ukungabi khona kwemidwebo;
- ukukhanya okuhle;
- udoti owomile;
- i-perches ephansi enekhane ukuyokhuphuka;
- etholakalayo kufanele kube izidleke zezingxenye, iziphuzo, abahlinzeki.
Zijwayele ngamasu onokwenza nokwakha ikhokhu yenkukhu ngokwakho: indlela yokwakha i-perch, isidleke, i-feeder okuzenzakalelayo.
Ukukhanyisa kuyinto edingekayo ye-egg-laying, ngoba izinkukhu zigijima kuphela emini. Ngesikhathi sasebusika ekhwameni kufanele kube ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo ukuze kwandiswe ubude bemini yelanga. 
Ukushisa kwemoya enkukhu yenkukhu ebusika akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-14 ° C. Esikhathini esibandayo, izinhlobo eziningi, kufaka phakathi ama-galans, ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda. Ukuze igcine iveza, izinkukhu akufanele zibandayo ekamelweni. Izidingo zomswakama ezijwayelekile - 65-70%. Ebusika, umswakama womoya uncishiswe ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-inkukhu yokuphumula indlu.
Ukuvuthwa kwemvelo kuyisifiso esihle. I-ventilation elula - ukuqeda, ephethe amapayipi amabili. Amapayipi afakwe ama-valve asondela ngesikhathi lapho kungekho sidingo sokushayela.
Azikho izidingo zama galans ezihambayo, njengoba lezi zinyoni zingaboni futhi azidingi izicingo. Kodwa enotshini kuyathandeka ukuba nenotshani negravani elincane. Gravel izokwanelisa isamba sokubeka izinkukhu, njengoba izinkukhu zidinga amatshe amancane ukugaya ukudla.
Uyazi? Inani lezinkukhu emhlabeni lilinganiselwa ku-19 billion, okuyizikhathi ezimbili nengxenye ngaphezu kwabantu.
Kungenzeka yini ukuzala ezinqoleni
Njengoba i-galans ingabanikazi bezici zokuhlobisa, akusifisi ukutshala emaceleni. Ukwengeza, ukungabi nokuhamba ukulinganisa i-hen ngokusemandleni okusiza ekudleni nokudla okubalulekile kanye nokwandisa izidingo zekhwalithi yokudla kanye nenhlangano yezinkukhu. 
Okuqukethwe kwamaselula kulungele amafemu amakhulu ezimboni, njengoba ikuvumela ukuba ukhethe ukunakekelwa kwezinyoni, unqabe izendlalelo ezingenzi inzuzo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uqoqe amaqanda ngesikhathi futhi usakaze ukudla.
Izinzuzo nezinkinga zohlobo
Izinzuzo zama-galans:
- ukushintshelwa ukuphila ezindaweni ezibandayo;
- Amapulazi amancane avumela ukukhuthazelela amaqhwa aqinile kahle;
- izinyoni zithula futhi zihambisana kalula nezinye izakhamuzi zasepulazini;
- ukungahloniphi izimo zokuboshwa nokudla;
- babe nokukhiqizwa kweqanda eliqinile futhi eliphakeme iminyaka engu-3-4;
- amaqanda amancane, anambitheka kakhulu;
- isisindo esihle;
- ukuhlonipha okusheshayo kohlobo;
- ukunambitheka okukhulu kwenyama;
- izindawo ezinhle zokuhlobisa.
Ukwehluleka kokuzala:
- Izinkukhu zibalekela kancane kancane, ngakho kufanele zisuswe entwasahlobo ukuze zilungiselele isimo sezulu esibanda;
- ngezinye izikhathi kuncishiswe ukusilahla nasizhivaniya kune Klush;
- kwamanye ama-cockerel aphikisana nezimfanelo zithuthuka kakhulu.
Ividiyo: izinkukhu ezimnyama ezibhekwe
Izinkukhu zezilwane ezinkukhu zibukeza mayelana nohlobo lwama-black bearded eRussia
AmaGalda azogxila kahle kunoma yimuphi umndeni, njengoba engabonakali nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ekhiqiza kakhulu futhi ehlukumeza izimo. Lezi zinkukhu ezinamandla neziqinile ziyohlobisa igceke, okungaletha imali eyengeziwe kumnikazi. Futhi nakuba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lesi sizukulwane sesivele singavamile, sikwazi ukuncintisana nemipumelelo yamuva yokukhetha.
