I-Asplenium - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, isithombe

Asplenium (Asplenium) - isitshalo sokuhlobisa emndenini wakwaKostenets, okukahlobo lweferns. Imvamisa kakhulu kwezimbali zasendlini. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-asplenium yi-Australia, iSoutheast Asia, neMalaysia. Le fern ikhula kahle, ngaphakathi nasengadini. Kuncike ekutheni izimo ezinhle zakhiwa, i-asplenium ikhula ibe isihlahla esikhulu esinenkabazwe kusuka ku-30 ​​kuye ku-90 cm ukuphakama nobubanzi. Amaqabunga esitshalo angaba lula noma ahlakazeke ngokweqile, abe nombala oluhlaza okotshani.

Kunezinhlobo ezifika ku-650 zezinhlobo zefern emhlabeni, kepha zimbalwa kuphela ezisetshenziswa ekuhlobiseni izimbali zasendlini. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, lesi sitshalo singakhula sifike eminyakeni eyi-10. I-Asplenium ibaluleke kuphela ngamaqabunga ayo amahle; le fern ayikaze iqhume. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amahhovisi, izakhiwo zokuphatha nezikhungo.

Izici eziwusizo ze-asplenium

Ukugcina i-asplenium ekhaya lakho akukuhle kuphela, kodwa futhi kuyazuzisa. Amaqabunga awo amakhulu aluhlaza ahlanze umoya ngokungcola okulimazayo. Ama-Ferns asabalalisa ngokuphelele amagumbi asemkhathini, abe namandla okuthatha amagesi namakhemikhali amakhemikhali kuwo ayingozi kubantu.

Ukunakekela i-asplenium ekhaya. Kafushane

Lapho uthenga i-fern endlini, kufanele wazi imithetho elula yokuyinakekela. Akuyona into eyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke, ngisho nabaqali bezimbali abangaqali kanye nabangenalwazi abakwazi ukubhekana nokutshala i-asplenium.

Ukunakekela i-asplenium ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Ukunakekela i-asplenium ekhaya akunzima kakhulu. Into esemqoka ukudala izimo eziphelele eduze kwasendaweni yayo yemvelo. Ama-Ferns akhula kangcono emakamelweni anombala futhi akhetha ukuthambisa njalo. Kepha uma ukuzuma komswakama enhlabathini kuvunyelwe, khona-ke izimpande zawo zingabola ngokushesha.

Izimbali ze-asplenium

Njengamaferns amaningi, i-asplenium ayiqhakaza. Ngemuva kwamaqabunga ayo ama-spores amafomu angasetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kabusha, kepha ungabi nenani lokuhlobisa.

Imodi yokushisa

Isici esimangalisayo sama-aspleniums ukuzivumelanisa nezinga lokushisa lomoya, efakwe ngaphakathi ezindlini, kepha ushintsho olungazelelwe lwalesi sitshalo se-thermophilic luyingozi. Imvamisa, ama-ferns ayakwazi ukukhula futhi abukeke emuhle emazingeni okushisa ukusuka ku-+12 kuya ku- +22 degrees.

I-Asplenium ihlangana ngokuthula nokusalungiswa, futhi ebusika kuyanconywa ngisho ukuyifaka egumbini lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingakhuphuki ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-15.

Ukufafaza

I-asplenium yasekhaya idinga umswakama ophezulu. Esikhathini esishisayo, amaqabunga awo kufanele afafazwe okungenani kanye ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3, ngaphandle kwalokho amabala aphuzi noma ansundu angavela kuwo. Ngezikhathi ezithile, ungabeka imbiza yezimbali kubhavu futhi uyithulule kusuka eshawini.

I-Asplenium izobukeka yinhle uma ubeka imbiza yezimbali emgqonyeni lapho kubekwa khona ubumba olunwebekile olunwetshisiwe.

Isibani

I-Asplenium ekhaya akufanele ibe sendaweni ekhanyiswe kakhulu. Emvelweni, ama-ferns avikelekile elangeni elikhanyayo umqhele wezitshalo nezihlahla eziphakeme. Ekamelweni, ukuze kudaleke izimo ezinhle kakhulu ze-asplenium, kuyadingeka ukuyifaka efasiteleni elisuka ohlangothini olusenyakatho noma olusenyakatho nentshonalanga. Noma iyiphi enye indawo ilungile lapho ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kungaweli emaqabungeni esitshalo.

Ukunisela i-Asplenium

Ukuze i-fern asplenium ekhaya ikhule kahle, kufanele iniselwe kakhulu. Amanzi kufanele athambekele, axazululwe izinsuku eziningana.

Kulokhu, amanzi akumele avunyelwe ukugwaza esixekweni. Ngenkathi ebandayo, ukuthambisa kwenziwa kanye ngeviki, qiniseka ukuthi inhlama yobumba ayomile ngokuphelele.

Imbiza ye-Asplenium

Uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo ligcwalisa ngokushesha imbiza, ngakho-ke kufanele lube oluncane kakhulu, kepha lungabi lukhulu kakhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso esikhulu kakhulu, lesi sitshalo sizobeka wonke amandla aso ekuthuthukisweni kwezimpande, futhi amaqabunga anciphisa ukukhula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, esitsheni esikhulu kakhulu, amathuba okugoqwa kwezimpande ayanda.

Inhlabathi ye-Asplenium

Lesi sitshalo sikhetha umhlabathi omncane one-acidic, okuxegayo, ovunyelwe kahle. Ezitolo ezikhethekile ungathenga isigcawu esivele isilungiselelwe ama-ferns. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke ingxube ingenziwa ngokuzimela ngokuxuba ngokulingana okulinganayo i-turf nenhlabathi enamaqabunga, i-peat nesihlabathi.

Ukufaka umanyolo nokufaka umquba i-asplenium

I-Asplenium idinga umanyolo. Okokugqoka okuphezulu, kusetshenziswa izingoma eziyimbumba eziyinkimbinkimbi, eziqukethe i-potassium. Gcoba ngokunisela kanye ngenyanga. Kulokhu, kuyathandeka ukunciphisa umthamo wokuhlushwa ngesigamu kusuka kulokho kukhonjisiwe kwiphakheji.

Ukufakelwa kwe-Asplenium

Abanini be-asplenium bavame ukuqaphela ukuthi izimpande zesitshalo ziqala ukuhluma ngokusebenzisa izimbobo zokudonsa noma ziphumele ngaphandle. Lokhu kuwuphawu lokuthi i-fern idinga ukupakishwa ngokuphuthumayo. Kudingeka ukufakelwa kwesitshalo futhi uma kwehlisa ijubane noma kumisa ngokuphelele ukukhula.

Ukufakelwa konyaka wezitshalo ezincane kwenziwa kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla. I-ferns yabantu abadala ingatshalwa kabusha njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-3.

Izihlahla

Ukutshala amaqabunga e-fern akudingeki nje ukunikeza lesi sitshalo ukubukeka okuhle nokuhle, kodwa futhi kuyisidingo lapho amahlumela amasha eqala ukukhula ngentshiseko. Uma amaqabunga amakhulu kakhulu engasuswanga, khona-ke okusha kuba nzima ukuthuthuka. Izihlahla kwenziwa isikhathi esingu-1 ngeminyaka engu-2, ususa amaqabunga ngommese obukhali noma amasecurity ngasisekelo saso sitshalo.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Isikhathi sokuphumula ku-ferns siqala ekwindla sekwephuzile futhi sihlala kuze kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbiza yezimbali kufanele ibekwe endaweni epholile kude nama-radiator okushisa. Umbuso Wokunisela nawo uyashintsha. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, i-asplenium ayiniselwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwesingu-1 ngeviki, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, kubalulekile ukuba isiqiniseko sobumba singome ngokuphelele.

Uma useholidini

UFern uyakwazi ukubekezelela ukuntuleka kokunisela amasonto angama-1-2. Uma iholidi lingelide kakhulu, ngaphambi kokushiya isitshalo kufanele siphuziswe kahle, setha esikhwameni samanzi lapho kuthululelwa khona izingqimba zobumba noma zezitini. Beka imbiza ukuze ingaphansi layo lingami emanzini.

Ukukhula kwe-Asplenium kusuka eSpores

Imbewu ye-Asplenium yizithombo ezakheka ngaphakathi kwamaqabunga. Ayasuswa eshidini futhi ahlwanyelwe enhlabathini emanzi. Fafaza ama-pores nomhlaba akudingekile. Ngaphezulu kwesiqukathi ngesembozo sokufika nefilimu noma ingilazi. Zonke izinsuku zivulwa umoya omncane bese izithombo zesikhathi esizayo zifafazwa ngamanzi afudumele avela kwibhodlela lokufafaza.

Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingaba ngu-1.5, izithombo zizovela. Lapho zifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-2-2,5 cm, izithombo zidinga ukuncishiswa ngaphandle, kusale amahlumela anamandla kuphela. Izitshalo ezikhulile zitshalwe ebhodweni elihlukile. Le ndlela yokukhula kwe-asplenium yinde kakhulu futhi idinga ukunakwa njalo, ngakho ayisetshenziswa kakhulu.

Ukuzala kabusha kwe-asplenium ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla

I-Asplenium ingasakazeka kalula futhi ngokushesha ngokushesha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Isitshalo esidala esinenqwaba yama-broods siyasuswa ebhodweni bese sihlukaniswa ngokucophelela sibe izingxenye eziningana ukuze ngamunye abe namaphuzu wokukhula okungenani angama-7-10.

Iziza ezincanyana kakhulu aziqali kahle, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi isitshalo siqine, nokuthi kukhona amaphuzu anele okukhula ukuze ikhule ngokushesha. Isakhiwo ngasinye esisha singcwatshwa emhlabathini sibe ngamasentimitha angama-2,5,5.Uma isithombo singcwatshwe kakhulu, kungahle kungaqali ukukhula futhi kufe isikhathi.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Lapho kukhula i-asplenium, kungavela izinkinga ezivamile:

• amaqabunga e-asplenium ajika abe nsundu - ukungabi nomswakama owanele, ukuthambisa okuningi kuyadingeka;
• amathiphu amaqabunga e-asplenium eyomile - Igumbi selomile kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukufafaza amaqabunga kaningi;
• Amaqabunga e-Asplenium ayawa kodwa angomi - izinga lokushisa lomoya eliphansi kakhulu;
• amaqabunga e-asplenium aphenduka aphuzi futhi alahlekelwe yizinhlungu zawo - Kuyadingeka ukususa imbiza nesitshalo endaweni enomthunzi;
• amabala ansundu kumaqabunga e-asplenium - kuyadingeka ukushintsha umbuso wokushisa, ususe i-asplenium kuma-radiators, uhlele kabusha endaweni epholile;
• amabala ansundu avela kumaqabunga aphuzi - lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi isikhathi sokukhula kwesikhala siqala;
• ivele ngaphansi kweshidi
• amachashazi ansundu - indawo ye-asplenium ikhethiwe nelanga kakhulu.

I-Asplenium ingahlaselwa izinambuzane. Imvamisa, lokhu kulungiswa kwesicabucabu kanye nesibazi.

Izinhlobo zekhaya le-asplenium ngezithombe namagama

Isidleke se-Asplenium (i-Asplenium nidus)

I-epiphyte ejwayelekile kakhulu kwezimbali zasendlini. Amacembe amade, akhula afinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5, ububanzi banele. Uhlelo lwezimpande lunamandla nezimpande eziningi ezididekile. Izici zokuhlobisa zesitshalo zithuthukiswa umucu onsomi maphakathi neqabunga ngalinye.

I-Asplenium viviparous (Asplenium viviparum)

Amacembe amakhulu aluhlaza we-wavy aqoqiwe kuqoqwana oluncane. Ukudubula ngakunye kunezigaba eziningi ezincane ezinde ezingabi ngaphezu kuka-1 cm. Isitshalo esikhulayo sakha amaqabunga esiqalo emaphethelweni amaqabunga.

I-Asplenium bulbiferous (Asplenium bulbiferum)

Ukubuka okunezimpawu eziphezulu zokuhlobisa. Amacembe amade afike ku-120 cm, ancike kahle, enza ikepusi elihle kakhulu elizungeze imbiza. Izingxenye zeshidi ngalinye zibanzi. Isitshalo sinezimpande ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokutshala futhi sinokukhula okuphezulu.

I-Asplenium dimorphum (Asplenium dimorphum)

Imvamisa kakhulu kwezimbali zasendlini. Kusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amakamelo anombala, futhi futhi kukhulelwe kumagumbi okugcina izithombo nasendaweni yokugcina izinto. Inamaqabunga amakhulu afinyelela ku-1 m.