Ngaphambi kokubeka amaqanda emgodini wezinkukhu, abalimi abaningi bezinkukhu babhekana nombuzo wokuthi ngabe badinga ukugezwa. Kumele kucatshangwe ukuthi impahla yokufakelwa komzimba - ingaphezu kwakho konke, isilwane esiphilayo, okumele sithathwe ngokucophelela nangokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukususwa kwe-disinfection kulesi simo kuzosindisa izingane ezifweni ezingabangelwa amagciwane nama-bacteria aphindaphindiwe ngokujulile kugobolondo. Indlela yokugeza ukwaziswa okufakelwa ukufakwa kwesikhwama kanye nokuthi yini ongayisebenzisa kulokhu, ake sibone.
Indlela yokukhetha amaqanda afanelekayo
Njengoba wazi, akuzona zonke amaqanda afaneleka ukufakelwa. Izakhiwo eziyinhloko zokwaziswa okufakelwa ukufakelwa komzimba ziyi-freshness kanye nokukhulelwa kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cabangela ubukhulu bayo: ubukhulu obuphakathi kwenkukhu - 60 g, duck - 90 g, ihansi - 140 g.
Kuzokusiza ukuba ufunde ngezici zokufakelwa ukukhulelwa kwezinkukhu, amaqanda, i-goose kanye ne-turkey, kanye namaqanda okugwaza, izinyoni ze-quail, ne-indouki.
Akunakwenzeka ukubeka amaqanda amancane ku-incubator, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuthi azokhiqiza inzalo. 
Ukuze inqubo yokufakelwa ngokuzenzekelayo, kufanele ukhethe izinto ezilinganayo, ngoba kulula ukuba akhethe izimo ezifanele. Kungenzeka ukunquma ukufaneleka kwama-egg specimens ngezici eziningana: izimpawu zangaphandle kanye ne-apparatus ekhethekile, i-ovoscope.
Thola ukuthi kufanele ube i-ovoscope nokuthi u-ovoscoping uya kanjani
Izimpawu zangaphandle zezinto ezibonakalayo:
- iqanda linobuso obubushelelezi, obuqinile, ngaphandle kwemifantu, ukukhwabanisa, ukulimala komshini;
- i-haze ebusweni ikhuluma ngokutsha komkhiqizo, futhi ukukhanya, ngokuphambene, kubonisa ukuthi kusekudala;
- umkhiqizo unesimo se-oval: njengemikhonyovu, izinkukhu ezibuthakathaka ziyaqothula kusuka kumaqanda we-elongated noma ijubane elizungezile kakhulu.
Uyazi? Ungabheka ukuhlanzeka kokuqukethwe ngamanzi ajwayelekile. Ukuze kuhlolwe, iqanda kufanele lifakwe engilazi yamanzi: izinhlanzi ziphenduka eceleni, ngeviki ngalinye - ziphakamise ngokuphela okuphazamisayo, izinyanga ezimbili-ezintathu zivuke - zikhuphuke ngokuphelele. Ukuze ukhulelwe, kufanele ukhethe umkhiqizo omusha kuphela, izinsuku ezingu-2-3.
Emva kokuhlola okubukwayo, kufanele uhlole isampula esikhethiwe nge-ovoscope. Le divayisi ingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile noma yenza ngokwakho esitheni esivamile.
Uma ubhekwa nge-ovoscope, umuntu kufanele anake izinkomba ezilandelayo:
- emkhakheni wekhwalithi, i-yolk inesimo esingenangqondo futhi itholakala cishe phakathi; ngaphandle kwalokho, uma iqanda liphenduka, lihamba kancane: kudala, i-yolk iyahamba ngokushesha, inezibonisi ezicacile, itholakala eduze kwegobolondo;
- ekupheleni kweqanda kufanele kubonakale indawo emnyama - ikamelo lomoya elilinganisa u-2 mm; uma uphendulela umkhiqizo, ikhamera ihlala ikhona, ezimweni ezinzima ikhamera yanda ubukhulu;
- ukutholakala kwemicu emincane egobolondo kubonisa ukuphulwa oviduct yenkukhu;
- Amachashazi omthunzi okhanyayo kugobolondo abonisa ukuntuleka kwe-calcium;
- amabala amnyama phakathi awuphawu lwezimveliso ezifiphalayo, lokho okushiwo kwi-incubator kuzomane kuqhume.
Isitoreji se-egg kuze kube sekufakelwe ukufakelwa
Isitoreji esifanele sama-egg specimens ngaphambi kokukhipha ukuvuthwa kwenza kube lula ukwandisa ukuhlaselwa kwezinkukhu.
Ngidinga ukugeza
Umbuzo wokuwasha amaqanda ngaphambi kokuwabeka ku-incubator kunzima kakhulu. Ezinye abalimi bezinkukhu bayavuma ukuthi ukugeza kucebhisa igobolondo elivikelayo egobolondo, okuholela ekungeneni kwamagciwane okuthinta kakhulu amatshwele angomuso.
Iqiniso lokuthi leli hen ngokwalo lingalokothi lihlanza amaqanda ngaphambi kokukhukhulwa nalo liphawulekayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, emapulazini ezinkukhu kanye namapulazi amakhulu, ukwelashwa kwezinto zokufakelwa ngaphakathi ngaphambi kokubeka sekuye kwaqalwa iminyaka eminingi.
Geza noma ungawagezi amaqanda ngaphambi kokubeka ku-incubator: ividiyo
Noma kunjalo, lokhu akusho ukuhlanza kwendabuko ngamanzi, kodwa ukukhishwa amandla komkhiqizo, okuwuvikela kumagciwane nama-bacteria, futhi kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo eziningi ezilwaneni ezincane.
Indlela yokukhipha amagciwane ngegazi
Ukuze i-disinfection isebenzise ama-antiseptics akhethekile okuthengisa, isibonelo, i- "Monclavit-1", "Brokarsept" noma isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-formalin, i-potassium permanganate noma i-hydrogen peroxide engu-1-1.5%. "Abenzi" bezinhlanga "ngezinye izikhathi" basebenzisa ukucubungula kwegobolondo ngeviniga.
Ukuze ukuchithwa kwamaqanda ngaphambi kokucubungula futhi basebenzise lesi sidakamizwa "Brovadez-plus".
Akukho okuphikisana nale ndlela, ngakho uma bekungekho amanye ama-disinfectants, ungazama.
Ukwenza inqubo yokucubungula kufanele uqaphele kakhulu:
- Ukushisa kwesisombululo se-potassium permanganate akumele kube ngaphansi kuka-30 ° C, i-formalin - + 22-27 ° C, i-hydrogen peroxide - + 35-37 ° C.
- Amaqanda kufanele afakwe emgodini owenziwe ngegridi, wehliswe ngokucophelela kwisisombululo futhi aphenduke aze ahlanze ukungcola. Isikhathi sokugcoba akufanele sidlule imizuzu emihlanu, okukhethwa kukho kungcono imizuzu engu-2-3.
- Ngemuva kokuthi uthule umkhiqizo uthathwe futhi ubeke ithawula ehlanzekile, ungasula.
- Izibonelo ezomile zifakwa ematayini ahlanzekile.
Kubalulekile! Akuvunyelwe ukugeza lokho okushiwo ngaphansi kwamanzi okupompo noma ukukhipha udoti ngebhashi noma ummese. Kungalimaza iqanda ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
Kanjani futhi kuphi ukugcina
Okokuqala, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi ukulondoloza umkhiqizo ngaphambi kokubeka izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyisithupha, akunakwenzeka. Kuvinjelwe ukuyigcina esiqandisini. Indlela yokugcina enhle kunazo zonke ukubeka izinto ezitsheni zeplywood emgqeni ofanayo. Kunconywa ukusika izimbobo kushidi, lapho amaqanda kufanele ahlanganiswe ngokuphela okubukhali.
Umbuso wokushisa ekamelweni kufanele uguquke ngaphakathi + 6-12 ° С, nomswakama womoya - 65-70%. Kubalulekile ukuhlela umoya omuhle. Akunakwenzeka ukugcina izinto ngobuningi, ukubeka amashidi e-plywood phezulu komunye nomunye, ngoba lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ukungazitholi kwezinkukhu.
Okuhle kwesikhala sempilo yomkhiqizo kanye nokwahluleka kwezinkukhu kuthinteka ngokuguquguquka ngezikhathi ezithile. Ungaphinda ugobe ikhophi ngayinye esikhwameni seplastiki noma ekugubungeni ngeplastiki ukuze umise ukugeleza kwe-oxygen. 
Ngalesi sizathu, emapulazini amakhulu ezinkukhu, ngaphambi kokutshala, izinto zigcinwa emakamelweni akhethekile agcwele i-nitrogen noma i-carbon dioxide.
Ungayilungisa kanjani iqanda lokufakelwa ukufakelwa
Ukulungiswa kwempahla yokufakelwa ngaphambi kokubeka kwayo kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuliseni amaphesenti okuchithwa kwezinkukhu nokuphila kwabo.
Ngaphambi kokuthumela amaqanda ku-incubator, kufanele:
- Buyekeza ngokugcwele ukutholakala kwemifantu, iziphuphu, umonakalo. Susa okungalungile.
- Amahora angu-8-10 ngaphambi kokugxilwa, thatha ekamelweni lapho i-thermometer ibonisa ukusuka ku- +21 kuya ku- +27 ° С. Ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi, ukuthuthukiswa kombungu kuyothuthuka, kuyilapho kusetshenziswe izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, umbungu uzoqala ukuthuthukisa ngokungalungile.
- Yenza i-disinfection. Uma kwenziwa ngaphambi kokugcina isitoreji, ikhophi ngayinye kufanele isuswe ngendwangu elithambile ehambelana nesisombululo se-antiseptic. Yoma kahle ithawula elihlanzekile.
Kubalulekile! Akunqatshelwe ukuthi ufake ama-specimens amanzi, amanzi noma abandayo emkhatsini we-incubator, ngoba lokhu kungaphazamisa izinga lokumswakama kudivayisi, okuzokwenza ukuthi kuthinteke ukungahloniphi.
Ukulungiselela i-incubator yokubeka amaqanda
Ukulungiswa ngokucophelela kudinga ukuthi incubator uqobo. Ngaphambi kokubeka ukwaziswa okudingekile ukuphatha i-incubator ne-hatchery ngesisombululo se-disinfectant. Kutuswa izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuhlola i-unit for serviceability, ukusebenza okulungile kwamazinga okushisa nama-humidity, ukusebenza kwezinqubo.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi uthole ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezihamba phambili zanamuhla eziphakathi kwezinto ezingcono kakhulu, ukuthi ungakhetha kahle kanjani umshini wokufakelwa kwendlu, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani i-incubator kusuka esiqandisini esidala, futhi mayelana nezici zokusebenzisa ama-incubators anjengokuthi "Ukubeka", "Blitz", "Cinderella", "Ideal hen" .
Uma i-incubator engenawo umsebenzi wokujikeleza othomathikhi noma owenziwe ngomshini, khona-ke iqanda ngalinye ezinhlangothi zombili kudingeka wenze amamaki azosiza ukulandelela ukufaneleka kokujikeleza.
Ngemuva kokuba indaba ithunyelwe ku-incubator, ikhalenda yebhukimakhi kufanele ihlelwe, lapho isikhathi, usuku, isikhathi sokufakelwa ngaphakathi kanye nosuku lwe-ovoscoping elandelayo kufanele kuboniswe. 
Uyazi? Phezu kwegobolondo kunezinhlamvu eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-17 ezincane lapho izilwane ezihlukahlukene ze-pathogenic zingena khona. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, akunconywa ukuba ushiye emaphaketheni angenalutho, futhi ukuwagcina eduze kwemikhiqizo eqhamuka kakhulu.
Izici zenqubo yokulungiselela ezinkukhu
Ukuzaliswa kwenzalo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinkukhu, nakuba kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo, kusenemibala eminye ehambisana nobukhulu bamaqanda.
Amaqanda e-goose
Amaqanda e-goose ahlukaniswa ngobukhulu bawo obukhulu, isisindo, nokukhona ekubunjweni kwawo kwamafutha amaningi. Kulokhu, udinga ukwazi ukuphatha kahle. Ngokushesha emva kokufakwa kokusebenza, izinga lokushisa kwamaqanda lilinganiselwa ku-40-41 ° C.
Ukupholisa kancane kancane, nge-pores egobolondo, iqala ukuqoqa inqwaba yokungcola nezinambuzane ezivela endaweni yangaphandle. Amakhambi nama-bacteria angena ngokushesha ekungenakuthinta inqubo yokufakelwa. 
Yingakho imikhiqizo ye-goose, njengeyodwa, idinga ukuxilongwa nge-disinfected, eyenziwa amahora amabili ngemuva kokubeka.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukufakelwa ukushiswa kuhlelwe ukuthi kungenzeki ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqa ukwaziswa, ke kunconywa ukuyibeka egumbini enezinkomba zokushisa ze-8-18 ° С kanye nezinga lokumswakama lika-75-80%.
Ama-goose specimens abekwe endaweni enezingqimba, kancane kancane akhulise izinga lokushisa libe ngu-37.5-38 ° C. Ukushisa kuyadingeka ukushintsha zonke imizuzu engu-10-15 ngokuphefumula emoyeni kanye ne-humidification kusuka ebhodleleni le-spray. Ukuphathwa okunjalo kwenziwa kabili ngosuku.
Amaqanda eDuck
Ekuzaleni inzalo ye-duck nayo inezinhlamvu zayo. Njengoba le nyoni ingokwama-waterfowl, amaqanda ayo aqukethe amanzi amaningi futhi amancane kakhulu. Lokhu kubangela izinkinga ezithile kubalimi bezinkukhu, ngoba izinto ezisetshenziselwa i-incubator kufanele zikhohliwe ngezikhathi ezithile. 
Ngenqubo yokutshala kabusha, kubalulekile ukunamathela embusweni wokushisa we-+38 ° C futhi usebenzise umoya ophuthumayo wesikhathi esigcwele (ekuseni nakusihlwa) ukushintshanisa nokugcoba.
Amaqanda e-duck, uma eqhathaniswa nabanye, ayengcolile kakhulu, ngakho-ke adinga ukwelashwa ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate noma i-hydrogen peroxide. Uma kwenzeka udoti obunzima, umkhiqizo ungashukwa nge-sponge esithambile.
Amaqanda eTurkey
Ngokwesiko, ukulungiswa kwamaqanda ama-turkey okuqala ukuqala nge-disinfection yabo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amathuluzi okuthenga akhethekile noma izixazululo ze-potassium permanganate, i-hydrogen peroxide. Ukufakelwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kusetshenziselwa izinga lokushisa lika-37.5-38 ° C nomswakama ka-60-65%.
Ukuguqula izimo zinconywe izikhathi eziyisithupha ngosuku. Ngosuku lwesishiyagalombili emva kokubekwa, kufanele uhlole i-ovoscope bese ususa imibungu ngaphandle kwempawu yokuthuthukiswa kwendlela yokujikeleza. 
Inqubo yokukhetha, yokugcina, yokubulala amagciwane kanye nokubeka amaqanda ku-incubator kufanele iphathwe ngokucophelela nokuzibophezela okukhethekile, ngoba iphesenti lamapokisi azinyosi ayoxhomeka ekunembile nasekufundeni komsebenzi.
Ukufakelwa ukuqhuma okuphumelelayo kulula ukuyifinyelela, into esemqoka ukulandela ngokucacile yonke imiyalelo echazwe futhi unciphise wonke amaphutha angenzeka.
Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi
