Izinhlobonhlobo ze-ugqumugqumu "i-Invicta" ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo eziphezulu ezikhiqiza kakhulu ezihlwanyelwe kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo kubhekwa njengeziyingqayizivele, ezihlanganisiwe. I-Invicta iyathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi, okuhlukahlukeneyo kuvame ukukhethwa ukutshala izimboni nokulima emapulazini angasese. Umvuno ophezulu kanye nezici zesithelo, ukungazethembi nokuphikiswa kwezifo kuchaza ama-accolades amaningi kulezi zihlukahlukene.
Namuhla sizofunda ukuthi singakhula kanjani iberry elihlwabusayo futhi enempilo kusayithi lakho.
Umlando we-Inference
Namuhla, i-Invicta ingenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezijwayelekile kakhulu e-Europe. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakhiwe e-UK, lapho zisetshenziselwa ukutshalwa kwezimboni zamajikijolo.
Ukuze kuqalwe i-Invicta, izinhlobonhlobo ze-Resistant (Resistenta), i-Winkhams (i-Whinhams) ne-Kipsack (Keepsaake) zawela, okuvela kuzo ezazizuza njengezici ezinhle kakhulu.
Incazelo kanye nezici
Okulandelayo, sicabangela izici eziyinhloko zezihlahla kanye namajikijolo, kanye nezinhlobo ngokujwayelekile.
Shrub
Khula kuze kufike ku-120-160 cm, ukugxuma kakhulu, ukwandise kakhulu. Izitshalo ziqondile, zomsindo ophakathi, zinemifino enamandla, kodwa azikho kakhulu. Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, angahlanjululwa, usayizi ophakathi, obomvu. Izitshalo zikhula ngokushesha, okumele zicatshangelwe lapho zitshala.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izici zokugcoba "Beryl", "Spring", "Honey", "Krasnoslavyansky", "Consul", "Malachite", "Grushenka", "Commander", "Kolobok".
Amajikijolo
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zezinhlobonhlobo ezicatshangelwayo amajikijolo. Zibonakala ngobukhulu obukhulu - ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo se-berry singama-6-7 amagremu, kanti kufana nesayizi kuya iplamu encane. Kukhona amajikijolo wesisindo esikhulu (kuze kube ngu-10-12 amagremu).
Izithelo zine-oblong shape ephakathi kwe-2.5 cm ubude, zinemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esiteji sokuvuthwa noma umbala wombala esiteji sokuvuthwa okugcwele. I-rind i-elastic, ilula, imbozwe ngendwangu yokukhanya, i-pulp iyinhlama, imuncu-amnandi.
Izithelo zezinhlobonhlobo ze-"Invicta" ziqukethe isethi yonke yamavithamini namaminerali: amavithamini C, A, P, iqembu B, usawoti we potassium, i-magnesium, i-sodium, ithusi, i-calcium ne-phosphorus. Futhi ekubunjweni kwephesenti elibalulekile likashukela (kufika ku-13%), i-pectin, i-malic ne-citric acid.
Uyazi? Ugqumugqumu (isiphuzo sase-English), "uKristu uphenduke", ibutho elingavuthiwe - amagama anjalo ngesiNgisi, eJalimane nase-Italy athola ugqumugqumu. Imvelaphi yalezi zwi ayingakachazwa izilimi.
Ezinye izici ezihlukahlukene
Ngokuba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-ugqumugqumu "Invicta" kubonakala ngezici ezilandelayo zesithelo nokuphikiswa kwezitshalo ezicini ezihlukahlukene zangaphandle.
Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane
I-Invicta ibhekene nokumelana nokukhuphuka kwe-powdery isikhutha nezinye izifo ezijwayelekile ze-gooseberries. Kodwa-ke, uma izimo zokuboshwa ziphulwa (isibonelo, lapho uhlwanyela amahlathi ehlabathini enomswakama kakhulu noma uma sekuphelile ngokweqile ngenxa yokuchelela njalo), ingozi yesifo iyanda kakhulu. Futhi, abalimi babona ukuphikisana kwalolu hlobo kuya ezinambuzane zezitshalo zeberry.
Ukumelana nesomiso kanye nokumelana nesithwathwa
I-ugqumugqumu isitshalo esinomswakama, kodwa ukuqhuma kwamanzi kuso kuyonakalisa. Ngakho-ke, phakathi nesomiso, ukuchelela okunomusa kuyadingeka. Amazinga okushisa aphansi "i-Invicta" ayabekezelela kahle, kuvunyelwe ukuba akhule ezindaweni ezingenawo amaqhwa ama-3-4, okungukuthi, amahlumela angakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa angafika ku -40 ° C. Ngokuvamile, ezihlukahlukene zibhekene ukumelana lokushisa ngokweqile.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-ugqumugqumu ezithandwa, yiziphi i-gooseberries ezibizwa ngokuthi zingenasici.
Isikhathi sokuvuna nokukhiqiza
Ngokunakekelwa kahle kwenkathi eyodwa kusukela ehlathini kungaqoqa kuze kufike ku-7 kg amajikijolo. Ukulimala kuqala kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kaJuni - engxenyeni yokuqala kaJulayi, kuveza izithelo kuze kube yingxenye yokuqala kaSeptember ehlanganisa. Ukuvunwa kokuqala emva kokutshala kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-2-3.
Zombili zonyaka nonyaka ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ziqukethe izithelo. Umkhiqizo wehlathi uhlala ezingeni eliphakeme iminyaka engu-12-15, yingakho kuthiwa yi-long-livers.
Ukuthutha
Naphezu kwesikhumba esibucayi, izithelo zibekezelelekile ekuthuthweni, ungaphazi ngisho nesitoreji eside. Amajikijolo akhulunywe kahle ngokuqhwaza, lapho emathinini ejwayelekile, agcina isimo sakhe futhi angabiliseli.
Kubalulekile! Hlanganisa ukuvuna amajikijolo kungenzeka. Uma ukhetha ngesandla, qiniseka ukugqoka amagilavu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamajikijolo
Amajikijolo ahlongozwayo ahlukahlukene. Ungabasebenzisa ngezigaba ezihlukahlukene zokuvuthwa - kusuka emajikijolo angavuthiwe uthola ama-compotes amahle kakhulu, ama-jams futhi uwagcina. Izithelo ezivuthiwe ziyadliwa njenge-dessert, zenezelwe njengokugcwalisa ama-pastries, futhi ama-sauces akhiwe kuwo. Ukusikhamba kungasetshenziselwa ukwenza i-jelly, i-marmalade, i-marshmallow, iwayini nejusi.
Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi: yini okuzuzisa amajikijolo okugcoba, ukulungisa i-gooseberries ebusika, ukupheka i-gooseberries, indlela yokwenza i-jam, i-jam, iwayini elizenzelayo, isiphuziphu sauce.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga
Ukuze uthole izinto zokutshala okusezingeni eliphezulu, uthenge izithombo kuphela ezindaweni zokuhlinzeka ezikhethekile noma ezitolo zasendlini.
Lapho uthenga izithombo ngesistimu evulekile (hhayi ezitsheni), qaphela lezi zici zekhwalithi ezibalulekile:
- Ubude bomsuka womsuka: kufika ku-15 cm.
- Inombolo yezimpande ezisemqoka: ama-2-3 ama-PC.
- Ukuphakama kwezitho zangaphakathi: 30-40 cm.
- Inani lamahlumela: 1 (izithombo zaminyaka yonke), 2 (izithombo ezineminyaka emibili ubudala).
- On izithombo akufanele kube umonakalo mechanical.
- Emahlumela akufanele akhule amaqabunga.
- Izithombo akufanele zome, ziphilile, ngaphansi kwamagxolo kumele zibe luhlaza, zimanzi, inyama enhle.
- Ama-axillary buds kufanele avaliwe.
Zijwayele ngemithetho yokutshala, ukuzala, ukusika i-gooseberries.Lapho ukhetha izithombo ezitsheni, izidingo zekhwalithi zihlukile:
- Amahlumela kufanele ahlanganiswe namahlamvu.
- Amahlumela kufanele afinyelele ku-40-50 cm.
- Ubude bomsuka buyi-15 cm.
- Izithombo kufanele zihlale ngokuqinile emgodini (lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi kusungulwe uhlelo oluhle lwempande), kodwa izimpande akufanele ziphule imigodi esitsheni noma phezulu, njengoba lokhu kubonisa isikhathi eside kakhulu sokuqukethwe ebhodweni.
Izimo ezikhulayo
Uma ufuna ukukhulisa i-gooseberries futhi uthole isivuno esicebile ezihlahleni, kudingeka ukhethe ngokufanele isayithi lokufika futhi wenze izimo ezamukelekayo zesitshalo.
Ukukhanya kulokhu akusebenzi indima ekhethekile ngoba u-Invicta uyakwazi ukukhula futhi athele izithelo kahle emazingeni ahlukene okukhanyisa. Umphumela omuhle olinganayo uyoba njengokungathi utshalwa endaweni enelanga, futhi ngokuthuthuka ngokwengeziwe, ngokwesibonelo, ku-penumbra emithini yomuthi.
Kodwa ekudingeni inhlabathi kanye nomswakama kuyinkimbinkimbi: kufanele ukhethe inhlabathi evundile, egcwele kahle. Okufanele kakhulu kunazo zonke izihlabathi ezise-loamy noma zesihlabathi.
Kudingekile ukugwema izindawo eziseduze kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, amaxhaphozi. Ukugcoba akubekezeli amanzi anele, ngakho-ke ezindaweni eziphansi, lapho amanzi noma amanzi ancibilika khona, atshale isitshalo futhi akufanele kube khona. Ukufika kufanele kuvikelwe emimoyeni nasezingxenyeni.
Uyazi? Ngaphambi kokuba i-ugqumugqumu ifike eMelika (i-XIX-XX yamakhulu eminyaka), abalimi bakha izinhlobo ngezinhlobonhlobo zamajikijolo angaba ngu-50-80 g. Noma kunjalo, eNew World, lesi sitshalo sasibe se-powdery isikhutha, esibhubhisa iningi lezinhlobonhlobo. Izinhlobo zanamuhla ezingamelana nezifo azikho izici ezinjalo zamajikijolo njengezinhlobo zangaphambilini.
Isikhathi nesikimu sokufika
Isiko sokutshala senziwa ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Kodwa-ke, kubalimi abaningi, ukutshala ekwindla kungcono, kusukela ekushiseni okuphansi okunamandla izinqubo zokwakheka kanye nokuqothulwa komuthi wezinsizi ziyaqhubeka kahle, ngesikhathi sebusika siba namandla, kanti inhlabathi eduze kwezithombo iyahlanganiswa.
Lapho imiphumela yokutshala intwasahlobo izoba kuhle. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshala ugqumugqumu ngesikhathi phakathi kokususwa kwenhlabathi nokuvuvukala kwamafleji ezitshalweni. Uma sekwephuzile ngokutshala, lesi sitshalo sizothola izimpande kabi.
Izinambuzane zinganaki yonke imizamo yokunakekela lesi sitshalo, funda ukuvikela ukusikhipha izibungu ezinambuzane.Ngakho, ngokwemigomo yekhalenda, isikhathi esihle sokutshala siqala ngoMashi noma ingxenye yokuqala kaSeptemba, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Ngesikhathi sokutshala kwekwindla, indawo kumele ilungiswe izinyanga ezimbalwa, kanti phakathi nonyaka ka-spring, kuhle ukufeza umsebenzi wokulungiselela ekwindla.
Umgodi wokufika kufanele ube wezingqinamba ezinjalo - 50x50x50 cm, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga phakathi kwehlathi - 1.5 m, ibanga phakathi kwemibhede - okungenani imitha eli-1.
Okulandelayo, udinga ukutshala inhlabathi yokutshala. Umgodla womhlaba udinga ukuxubana nama-fertilizer anjalo:
- 8-10 g mullein;
- 200 g we-superphosphate;
- 40 g of usawoti we-potassium (300 g wezinkuni umlotha ungashintshwa);
- 100-300 g we-limestone echotshoziwe.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izibonakaliso zesifo sokugcoba.Njengoba "i-Invicta" ikhula ngesihlahla esikhulu nesibanzi esikhulu, qiniseka ukuthi ukwakha ama-props. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izingongolo zensimbi eziphakeme ngamaphesenti angu-150 zifakwe emaphethelweni ombhede, izintambo ezigxilile zibhekwe kuzo ezingeni lika-100 no-150 cm, lapho kugatsha khona amagatsha asehlathini.
Izinsisekelo zokunakekelwa kwonyaka
Izihlahla ezincane emva kokutshala, kanye nezitshalo ezindala zidinga ukunakekelwa okwanele kulo lonke isikhathi.
Ukunisela
Njengoba sibonile ngaphambili, i-ugqumugqumu iyakwazi ukubekezelela ukoma esifushane, kodwa, ukuthola amajikijolo amakhulu nokuvuna okukhulu, kuzodingeka ukuthi ugcine izinga lokuswakama kwenhlabathi ezingeni eliphakeme. Kungenzeka ukunquma ukuthi igumbi lobumba liyanamanzi ngokwanele, ngokusho kokuhlolwa okunjalo - uma uthatha inhlabathi ngezandla zakho, ilulaza kalula ngaphansi kokuthinta kweminwe yakho, iyabonakala iyomanzi kuze kuthinte, kodwa ayinamathele esikhumbeni futhi ayinayo i-plastic, njengobumba ngenxa yobuningi obuningi.
Uma ukuchelela, inhlabathi ngaphansi kwe-shrub kumele ihanjiswe ngokujula cishe ngamasentimitha angu-40, kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu nobungakanani be-shrub, ama-2-4 amabhakede ngesitshalo ngasinye singadingeka. Ukusetshenziswa kokunisela kusetshenziselwa ukushisa kwamanzi ehlobo, okungcono ukuhlukaniswa noma imvula.
Qinisekisa ukuthi udinga ukuchelela ngezigaba ezinjalo:
- lapho kwenziwa ama-ovari namahlumela (ekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni);
- esiteji samajikijolo avuthiwe;
- ngoSepthemba ukulungisa uhlelo lwempande ebusika.
Uma wenza ama-ovari, kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela izinga lokuswakama
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Ukuze fruiting omuhle qiniseka ukuthi unakekele inhlabathi. Ukunakekelwa kuncishiswe kulezi zinqubo: ukusika, ukumba noma ukukhulula, ukuxhuma emva kokunisela.
Kubalulekile ukumba bese ukhulula inhlabathi ukuze ukwandise umoya nomswakama ukufaneleka. Ungasebenzisa ihlumela ngokumba, kodwa ukukhipha kudingeka kwenziwe ngokucophelela kakhulu - amafolishi epulazi afanelekile.
Ukususa ukhula kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile - izimila ezinomhlabathi ngaphansi kwehlathi zikhuphula umswakama womoya, okungaholela ekuthuthukiseni izifo zefungal.
Enye into ihlanganiswa: ikuvumela ukuba ugcine izinga elidingekayo lomswakama emhlabathini futhi uvimbele ukugqoka ngaphezulu kwendwangu yomhlaba. I-hay, utshani, i-sawdust, i-peat ifaneleka njenge-mulch. Ukukhululeka nokusila kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kanye ngenyanga.
Kubalulekile! Uhlelo oluyisitshalo sezinambuzane luseduze eduze, ngakho-ke kudingekile ukuyikhulula ngokucophelela ngaphansi komqhele, kuya ekujuleni kuka-6-8 cm.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izitshalo kumele zibe okungenani kabili ngonyaka. (ukuvama kuncike ekukhuliseni kwenhlabathi endaweni yakho):
- okokuqala emva kokubhakaza ukwandisa isivuno;
- isikhathi sesibili emva kokukhipha amajikijolo ukulungiselela isihlahla ebusika kanye nesikhathi esizayo se-fruiting.
Ukusetshenziswa kokudla kokuqala kokusebenza okubalulekile: i-mullein noma udoti. Ahlanjululwe emanzini ngesilinganiso esingu-1:10 noma i-1:20, ngokulandelana. Okulandelayo, yenza inhlabathi yalesi sibalo - ku-1 sikwele. m uzodinga ibhakede le-10 litre lexazululo le-mullein noma ama-5 amalitha esisombululo se-litter.
Ukuze kube lula ukugqoka eduze kwehlathi, ungenza izimpande ezingajulile usebenzisa i-rake, uthele umanyolo kuwo, futhi emva kokusibekela, ugcwalise ngenhlabathi.
Ukugqoka okwenziwe ngamaminerali kwenziwa emva kokukhipha amajikijolo. Kuzodingeka ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi, 10 g we-urea, 20 g we-superphosphate kanye no-10 g we-potassium sulfate. Entwasahlobo, ukugqugquzela ukukhula kwamahlamvu udinga ukwenza umanyolo we-nitrogenous.
Ngalokhu, inhlanganisela ilungisiwe: 10 amalitha amanzi kanye ne-50 g ye-ammonium nitrate, isihlahla sithela emanzini okuphuza aphuma enhla ukuze wenze ingxube iwele emahlumela kanye namagquma. Okulandelayo, inhlabathi eduze kwe-trunk ihlanganiswe ngamapulangwe (1 tbsp. Ngamahlathini) futhi ikhululiwe.
Ukudubula
Ukukhipha izihlahla kuyinkimbinkimbi yokunakekelwa kwezinyathelo kulo lonke ukuphila kwehlathi. Sika kuyadingeka ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Ezitshalweni ezincane kuze kube yiminyaka engama-3, amagatsha omzimba amfushane afushane, kanti ukukhula kwezimpande kuyaphela ngokuphelele.
Ezitshalweni ezivela eminyakeni engama-4 kuya phezulu, kubalulekile ukususa wonke amagatsha angalungile: obuthakathaka, obonakalisiwe futhi omisiwe, okukhula ngendlela engafanele. Awuvunyelwe ukutshala amagatsha. Kumele ususe amagatsha amakhulu kunama-5-6 iminyaka, ngoba akusikho isitshalo kubo.
Ukukhipha izihlahla ezithengwa nge-autumn kwenziwa emva kokuba amahlamvu ewile, entwasahlobo - ngaphambi kokuphuza amaqabunga. Ungakwazi futhi ukufeza izihlahla zasehlobo ukwandisa i-fruiting nobukhulu bamajikijolo. Ngenxa yalokhu, iziqongo zezihlumela eziluhlaza ziyonqunywa ukuze zibe namaqabunga ama-5-7.
Funda indlela yokwenza izihlahla zokupheka ugqumugqumu ekwindla.
Ukuvikelwa kwamazinga ebusika
Invicta ibekezelela ubusika kahle kakhulu. Kodwa ukuze kube nobusika obuphumelelayo kubalulekile ukwenza umsebenzi othile wokulungiselela:
- Okokuqala, unqume omile, owonakele, ophihliwe noma olele emagatsheni omhlabathi, ususe amahlamvu awile.
- Okulandelayo udinga ukuthulula indawo eningi yezimpande bese ulima inhlabathi.
- Ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kwama-frost kuhlanganiswa ngokugcwele ukuvimbela ukukhishwa kwezimpande. Njenge-mulch ebusika, kungcono ukusebenzisa humus noma peat nge ungqimba ka 10-15 cm.
- Uma iqhwa liwa, indawo ye-basal ingasetshenziswa ngokufaka ungqimba ka-10 cm. Futhi uma ebusika kunamaqhwa kodwa kungabikho iqhwa, ungasebenzisa ngaphezu kwalokho noma yikuphi okumbozayo ukuze uvikele izimpande.
Kubalulekile! Amaqabunga awela phansi kanye namagatsha anqunywe angathandeki ukuwasebenzisa njengama-mulch nesembozo. Izinambuzane, amabhaktheriya kanye nezifungi zingakwazi ukudlula phezu kwazo, kanti entwasahlobo zisabalalisa kuzo zonke izihlahla. Kungcono ukushayela ngokushesha amahlamvu aqoqwe namagatsha.
Izinzuzo nezinsalela ezihlukahlukene
Ngokuvamile, lezi zihlukahlukene zithola ukubuyekezwa okuhle, okungamangalisi, ngoba inani lezinzuzo kulo lidlula kakhulu ukungaphumeleli okuncane:
- Izinhlobonhlobo ziphakamisa kakhulu. Amajikijolo ahlukaniswa ngobukhulu bawo obukhulu, ukunambitheka okuhle, ukuthambekela nokuthutha, ukusebenzisana okuhlukahlukene.
- Izitshalo zihlehliswa ekunakekeleni.
- Izihlahla zibekezelela ukushisa okunzima.
- Ugqumugqumu umelana ne-powdery isikhutha nezifo eziningi ezijwayelekile zezitshalo zeberry.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe yiyona ndlela enhle kakhulu yokukhula esizindeni sayo. Ngokunakekelwa okuncane, "Invicta" kakade ngonyaka wesibili kuyothokozisa ukuvunwa okucebile kwamajikijolo amakhulu nezithelo ezihlwabusayo. Ezihlukahlukene zikhulu kubantu abangakaze babe nolwazi oludlule ekukhuleni i-gooseberries.
Ividiyo: izici ezihlukahlukene "Invicta"
Ukujula okuhlukahlukeneyo "Invicta": ukubuyekezwa
I-berry inkulu, kodwa ngokusobala umthwalo onjalo udinga ukondla.
Okwamanje, amahlumela ane-berry. Ngicabanga ukuthi ngesonto ngizokwazi ukukhetha izithelo zokuqala ezivuthiwe. Ukugula iminyaka emithathu akuzange kubone. Ama-fungicides awazange aphathe ngisho kanye.
Amajikijolo amancane angavuthiwe anomnandi, iphunga elikhethekile.
Hlunga njengo. Into ewukuphela kwayo. Kakhulu kakhulu
