Abaningi bazibuza ngokukhetha kwezinhlobonhlobo zamazambane ngaphambi kokutshala, abanye bayeke ngendlela ethi "Skarb". Kodwa ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kahle kanjani imifino enjalo ekukhuleni kwayo - cabangela izici zale nqubo kulesi sihloko.
Umlando we-Inference
Lezi zinhlobo zithola ukuqashelwa okusemthethweni uma kungena irejista kahulumeni yemifino. Ngokokuqala ngqa, i-Skarb ehlukahlukene yayiloluhlu ngo-1997 eRiphabhuliki yaseBelarus kuzo zonke izifunda. Futhi ngo-2002, yanezelwa ohlwini lwezinhlobonhlobo ze-Russian Federation, kodwa kuphela kwezinye izindawo: Northern, Ural, Central, Volgo-Vyatsky. Izinhlobonhlobo zatholakala kwi-National Center for Ukulima kweRiphabhuliki yaseBelarus. Ososayensi abakha lezi mbatata yiLI Pishchenko, uN. P. Yashchenko, uZ. A. Semenova, nabanye. 
Incazelo ye-Botanical yezilimo eziyizigaxa
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezijwayelekile zineziqephu zegolide eliphuzi kanye nesimo se-oval noma se-oblong nxazonke. Njenga-rind, inyama ine-tint yellow. Amehlo awawajuli, cishe emkhathini, abe nesayizi encane, inombolo ingase ihluke.
Uyazi? I-agronomist yesiFulentshi u-A. Parmentier wasebenzisa idivayisi yengqondo ukuze aqinisekise ukuzethemba kubantu amazambane: wabeka abalindi besivuno ngosuku, futhi ebusuku abantu beza ukuzama lokho okwakungaphansi kokuqapha okunjalo okucophelela.
Kukholelwa ukuthi "uSkarb" enye yezinhlobo ezinhle zamazambane ngokunambitha: ukunambitheka okuncane okuncane, ukungabi nokufutheka, ngakho-ke kuhle kumuntu owodwa, nangama saladi noma ngesimo sezinkukhu.
Isisindo sezilimo eziyizigaxa singashintsha, kodwa izinkomba ezivamile ziyi-150-250 amagremu, kungashiwo ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izilwane kuncane.
Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene
Ngaphambi kokutshala, kudingekile ukuba wazi kabanzi ngezinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene. 
Izifo zokuphikisa
Ngokuvamile, singasho ngezinga eliphezulu lokumelana namazambane ezifweni.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, uncharacteristic kuye ukulimaza:
- umdlavuza wezambane;
- umlenze omnyama;
- ukubola okumanzi;
- umdwebo obomvu;
- i-mosaic eboshiwe.
Lezi zifo zingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo, futhi ukulimaza, kokubili izilimo eziyizigaxa kanye namaqabunga, kunamandla kakhulu ku-Skarb. Ibonakala ngendlela yefungus ehlanganisa iziqongo zamabala obomvu, futhi esimweni sezulu sezulu kuthunyelwa kwezinye izitshalo eziseduze.
Imigomo yokuvuthwa
Amazambane "Skarb" abhekisela kuwo isilinganiso esiphakathi noma esiphakathi ngokuvuthwa uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamazambane, le nkathi cishe izinsuku ezingu-80-95 emva kokuhluma kokuqala.
Izinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa kwesikhatsi esiphakathi nesikhathi esiphakathi kukhona "Nevsky", "Rocco", "Blue", "Zhuravinka", "Melody", "Lorch", "Lasok", "Aladdin".
Ukuthela
Isivuno esiphezulu yisinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthandwa kwalolu mifino. Ngamahektare angu-1 omhlaba ngokunakekelwa kahle, ungathola cishe abantu abangamakhulu ayisithupha bezithelo, noma 60,000 kg. 
Ukuzithoba
Impilo ende yemifino nayo iphezulu kakhulu: iyalondoloza ukunambitheka kwayo, ayilahlekelwa amavithamini namaminerali, ayinciphisi ngesisindo futhi ayinakuthola izifo eziningi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokugcina, izilimo eziyizigaxa eziqoqiwe ngonyaka odlule zingagcinwa kuze kube nguSepthemba.
Izifunda ezikhulayo
Kunconywe ukulima endaweni yeziRiphabhuliki yaseBelarus, e-Ukraine, eMoldova nasezindaweni eziMdabu zase-Northern, Ural, Central, Volga-Vyatka.
Imithetho yokufika
Ukuze uthole isivuno esikhulu, udinga ukwazi zonke izici nemithetho yokutshala izinhlobo zamazambane "Skarb".
Isikhathi esiphelele
Esinye sezici ukuthi itshalwe kuphela enhlabathini evuthayo: izinga lokushisa elincane kufanele libe yi-10 ° C. Ukushisa okufanayo kumele kugcinwe ngendlela ejulile ka-10-12 cm. Lo mphumela ungafinyelelwa ekushiseni kwe + 20-25 ° ะก. Azikho izinsuku zekhalenda ezicacile zokufika, njengoba kubalulekile ukugxila ikakhulukazi ekushiseni, kodwa ngokuvamile ukufika kuqala phakathi no-May. 
Ukukhetha indawo
Indawo yokufika kufanele ibe nalezi zici.: indawo eyomile, eqondile kanye nokukhanya kwelanga. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yi-acid, ephakathi noma ephansi-lokhu kungathathwa yizitshalo (coltsfoot, plantain, clover).
Umswakama womhlabathi ubaluleke kakhulu: amazambane asetshenziswa "ukungcola" ayinconywa, ngoba akusizi izimpande, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukutholakala kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, okungabangela izimo ezimbi zokuvuna.
Ukwandisa ukuvuna kwamazambane kusayithi kuzosiza izimpande - umquba ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka: i-tributary, i-lupine, i-alfalfa, i-canola, isinaphi, i-phacelia, i-rye, i-oats.
Abanduleli abalungile nababi
Ukutshala unyaka nonyaka endaweni efanayo kuvame ukuholela emiphumeleni emibi yokuvuna, ngoba inhlabathi isiphelile, futhi noma yiziphi izifo zihlala futhi ziphinde zithinte imifino, futhi zingasakazeka.
Kubalulekile! Akufanele utshale amazambane endaweni lapho bakhula khona utamatisi: lokhu kuzoholela esitshalweni esincane!
Yiqiniso, inketho enhle ukuhlala ezweni "eliphumuliwe" noma elihlwanyelwe ngamakhambi noma izinongo. 
Ukulungiswa komhlaba
Ukulungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala amazambane ama-Skarb kufana nokulungiselela umhlaba noma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo. Ekuqaleni kwekwindla, udinga ukumba umhlabathi futhi, uma uthanda, uthuthukise ngama-organic fertilizer. Ngemuva kwalokho, kakade ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, udinga ukumba kabusha inhlabathi bese usebenzisa umanyolo, ngalesi sikhathi amaminerali.
Ukulungiselela kokutshala izinto
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ngokwazo ngaphambi kokutshala zidinga ukucubungula okuningiliziwe. Njengoba kunzima ngokwanele ukuhluma, kubalulekile ukuwashisa elangeni izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokutshala, futhi nokufeza inqubo yokuhluma. Izitshalo ezakhiwe akufanele zidlule u-3.5 cm. Futhi, okuyingqayizivele ukuthi abaphuluki ngemuva kokulimala, ngakho kufanele unake ubuqotho be-tuber nezakhi zalo.
Abalimi abaningi lapho behlwanyela izitshalo, kuhlanganise namazambane, baqondiswa ikhalenda yenyanga.
Isu nokujula kokufika
Ukufika kuyenziwa usebenzisa 35 cm kuya ku-60 cm - yilona uhlelo lwendawo yezimbobo. Ukujula kokuhamba kufanele kube ngu-5 kuya ku-10 cm, kodwa hhayi ngokujula, ngoba kungenjalo ngeke bathole inani elanele lokukhanya. Imbobo ngayinye kufanele ifakwe ngamanyolo wamaminerali noma umlotha, i-humus. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezisetshenziselwa ukutshala kufanele zibe usayizi ophakathi nendawo enkulu yokuhluma.
Indlela yokunakekela
Ngemuva kokutshala, ukunakwa okumele kuhokhwe ekunakekeleni isitshalo esizayo, ngoba kunamanani amaningi.
Ukunisela
Ukuphuza okunamandla kubaluleke kakhulu kulezi ezihlukahlukene: esimweni esomile nesishisayo, kufanele kwenziwe njalo izinsuku ezingu 4-5 njengoba umhlaba umile, esimweni sezulu esivuthayo futhi sezulu - zonke izinsuku ezingu-10. Emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuqala ukukhetha amazambane, ukuchelela kufanele kume. 
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Imfuyo iyadingeka esigabeni ngasinye sokulima: ngaphambi kokutshala umanyolo ophilayo, kutuswa ukuba uhlakulele inhlabathi ekwindla, ukwenza umquba wokumbiwa kwamaminerali entwasahlobo, futhi ngqo ngenkathi utshala umlotha noma i-humus ukuze wengezwe emthonjeni ngamunye.
Kubalulekile! Umanyolo omuncu wamakhemikhali ungaphazamisa isivuno kuphela, hhayi usizo kuye zihlume.
Inani lomanyolo lincike endaweni yokutshala kanye nomkhiqizi wokudla.
Weeding futhi ukhulule izwe
Ukunciphisa kunconywa Izikhathi ezingu-2-3 zesikhathi sonke sokuguga esimweni esomile neshisayo: lokhu kuzokwenza ukhula lume kanye nezimpande futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, ngeke luphinde luhlume. Ukukhulula umhlaba nakho kuyisifiso sokuchitha izikhathi ezingu-2-3, kodwa kakade ngesikhathi sezulu elimanzi noma emva kwemvula, umhlaba uzoba ngcono ukusebenza.
Hilling
I-Hilling iyinkqubo yokufafaza inhlabathi evulekile, entsha phansi kwe-shrub. Le nqubo kusiza ukwandisa izinga lokukhiqiza ngama-20%. Kunconywa ukuba ungayisebenzisi esimweni sezulu esishisayo, ekuseni noma kusihlwa. 
Ukulima kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezintathu ngesikhathi sokuhluma:
- ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza;
- ngokuphakama kwezithombo ezingaphezu kuka-10 cm;
- ukuze ihlume izihlahla ngemuva kwemvula enzima.
Le nqubo inikeza ukukhula okwengeziwe futhi kwandisa izinga lokuswakama kanye nezakhi.
Inqubo ye-hilling isidla isikhathi futhi isikhathi esiningi. Ukulondoloza isikhathi nemizamo yamazambane kukhishwa i-motoblock.
Ukwelashwa okuvimbelayo
Okokuqala, kufanele uqaphele ukubukeka kwemifino: uma kukhona izibonakaliso zezifo ezibonakalayo (i-plaque, ukubola, izindawo ezibomvu), khona-ke kumelwe ususe ngokushesha isitshalo esithathelelekile, kuze kube yilapho ukutheleleka kusakazeka kuzo zonke izitshalo. Izingxenye ezithintekile eziqoqiwe kumele zishiswe ukuze zibhubhise ngokuphelele lesi sifo. 
Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali akunconywa, ngoba kungavimba isitshalo, kodwa phatha ukunambitheka kwamazambane kanye nezakhiwo zalo zokudla okunomsoco. Uma kunesidingo, ungasebenzisa izinambuzane futhi usebenzise iqoqo lezinambuzane.
Iningi elidume kakhulu futhi elivame ukwedlula amazambane ama-mbatata i-Colorado amazambane. Funda indlela yokubhekana nayo ngokusebenzisa izindlela zendabuko (isinaphi noviniga) kanye namalungiselelo: I-Prestige, iTabu, Regent, Konfidor, Tanrek, Endaweni, iKomandor, ne-Lightning.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Amaviki amabili ngaphambi kokuvuna, ayeke ukuchelela futhi usike iziqongo. Kunconywa ukumba imifino esimweni esihle sezulu esishisayo ukuze somiswe ngaphambi kokugcina. Uma kunobungozi noma amazambane osikiwe uma bemba, kufanele bahlelwe eceleni.
Amaviki amabili okuqala ukuvunwa kufanele abe endaweni eyomile, efudumele yokuvuthwa kokugcina. 
Kamuva kungcono ukulala emiphongolweni noma kwenye indawo elula. Amazambane okutshala ngonyaka ozayo kufanele agcinwe ngokwehlukana.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nemibandela yokugcina yamazambane, ikakhulukazi, efulethini.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesitshalo, i- "Skarb" inombhalo wezinombolo ezimbalwa nezinzuzo eziningana.
Izimfanelo ezinhle zihlanganisa:
- izinga eliphezulu lokugcina izinga lezilimo eziyizigaxa;
- isivuno esikhulu;
- ukunambitheka okucebile;
- inombolo enkulu yezakhi;
- enhle, "impahla" ukubukeka;
- ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi;
- ukuphikiswa okukhulu kwezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Izinkinga ziyi:
- ukungahleleki kokuphuza kwesikhathi;
- Izithombo zokuqala zibonakala zinzima;
- Ukunakekela kuyadingeka.
Kodwa ngokucophelela okuhlangabezana nazo zonke izindinganiso, ukuvimbela kokuqala kokubili kungagwenywa.
Ukubuyekezwa balimi mayelana amazambane "Skarb"
Lezi amazambane ahluke nakakhulu ukuthi zigcinwe kahle. Amehlo akhe aqala ukuvuka sekwephuzile. Imbewu yembewu, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, kufanele iphume esitolo sebandayo ekuqaleni. Ngivame ukuletha endaweni efudumele ngasekupheleni kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
Yize lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithengiswa kakhulu futhi zivunwa, kunezivuno eziphakeme kakhulu ezweni elingenalutho. Emaphandleni nasemapulazini ahlangene ahlala endaweni engaba yi-1/3 yendawo
Ngakho-ke, singaphetha ngokuthi amazambane ama-Skarb ane-ukunambitheka okuhle nokuzivikela, futhi uma etshalwe futhi ekhulile, akufani nezezinye izinhlobo. Kodwa zikhona izici: isidingo esikhulu sokukhanya, umanyolo, ukufudumala inhlabathi.
