IKalanchoe ingesinye sezitshalo ezaziwayo zokwelapha futhi yaziwa nangokuthi udokotela ongaphakathi noma i-ginseng yangaphakathi. Lesi sitshalo sithole udumo lwesihlahla sempilo ngempahla yaso emangalisayo yokuphilisa. Ezinhlotsheni ezingama-200 ezaziwa emvelweni, cishe ezingaba zimbili zisetshenziselwa ukulima okungaphakathi endlini. Onke ahlelwe kahle ngokulinganayo ukuze akwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside kusomiso nangomswakama ophezulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho azithobeki kakhulu ezimweni zangaphakathi.
Imininingwane kawonkewonke mayelana neKalanchoe
I-Kalanchoe ihlanganisa ngempumelelo imisebenzi emibili ebaluleke kakhulu yesplanethi yendlu. Lesi sitshalo esingenacala kakhulu singaletha usizo lokwelapha ngalesi sifo futhi sijabulise iso ngezimbali zalo ezinhle. Izwe lakhe lithathwa njengeNingizimu Afrika. Ukusuka lapho, iKalanchoe yasakazekela emazweni ase-Asia, futhi yalandela nakwezinye izifunda.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, iKalanchoe yabhalwa njengesitshalo sokwelapha.
Ekusebenzeni, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezilandelayo zokukhiqiza: ukusika, izinso (izingane), amapheshana, inzalo yezimpande kanye nembewu.
Ukusakazeka by stem ukusika
Ukusika kungenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokusakazwa kweKalanchoe, kwenziwa zombili ehlobo (ukhula lwengozi luhlala amasonto amathathu) nasebusika. Ngemuva kokususwa okugunyaziwe kwamaqabunga angaphansi amaqabunga, isiqu somile kancane bese sibekwa ebhodweni.
Ukucaciswa kwendlela ukuthi lesi sitshalo sihanjiswa emva kokuqhakaza izimbali ukusivuselela futhi sinikeze ukubukeka okuhle.
Njengoba umoba weKalanchoe unwetshiwe ngokuqinile phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula, ayathenwa futhi, uma kudingeka, asetshenziselwa ukusika. Izitshalo zabantu abadala zilungele kakhulu ukusikwa.
Inqubo yokuxhunyelelwa kumele yenziwe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokujaha okungadingekile, uselungiselele konke okudingeka kusengaphambili
Ukutshala ngempumelelo iKalanchoe, kufanele ulandele imithetho elandelayo:
- Ingxenye edlulisiwe enqunywe ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali ingafakwa ngokushesha emhlabathini bese iniselwa kakhulu noma imane nje ibe esitsheni esinamanzi okwenza izimpande. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isiqu esinjalo sitshalwe esitsheni esine-substrate.
- Amahlumela akhetha ukwakheka okuqondile, ayifinyeze ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-6,5. Izeluleko ezithambile nezibunjiwe zezihlumela zikulungele kakhulu ukubekelwa phansi.
- Uma kungenzeka ifike emhlabathini, izindawo zokusika zihlanganiswa ngamalahle achotshoziwe. Lapho ukhetha inhlabathi, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iKalanchoe ayibekezeleli inhlabathi ene-acid. Ngakho-ke, ungasebenzisa inhlabathi elungiselelwe ukuthola ama-suppulents noma ulungiselele ingxube yobumba ngokwakho ngokuxuba umhlaba wesod, inhlabathi yamaqabunga nesihlabathi somfula ngokwesilinganiso 4: 2: 1, engeza i-humus encane lapho.
- Lapho izithombo zikhula ngokuqinile (imvamisa kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili), ziyincwina njalo, zakhe isihlahla sezimbali. Le ndlela inomthelela ekuvukeni kwezinso eziseceleni kanye nokwakhiwa kwesihlahla esiqhakaza kamuva.
Imiyalo yokwandisa ukusikwa kwe-kalahoe:
- Sika izingcezu ezifanele.
Ukuze wakhe isitshalo esihle esihle ngokuzayo, ihlumela elikhethiwe kufanele libe namahlamvu ahambisanayo nama-internode amafushane
- Faka isibambo esitsheni samanzi.
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi esitsheni lapho kusikwa khona khona kufanele kube ngu-20-25 ° C
- Beka ukusika okugxile emhlabathini.
Ngemuva kokuthi izimpande zivele esihlahleni, kufanele ziphinwe
Inqubo yokubamba amagatsha yegatsha elikhulu ifana ne-mizizi ngezindlela zokusika. Ungakhetha noma yiliphi igatsha olithandayo uma ngasizathu simbe lingangeni ekubukekeni okuvamile kwesitshalo. Musa ukujaha ukukhipha igatsha eliphule ngengozi kulo. Kulokhu, imane nje inamathele emhlabathini oswakeme noma ibekwe esitsheni esincane esinamanzi. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, kuzovela izimpande ezimhlophe kuso.
Umsuka weqabunga
Ukusakazeka kweKalanchoe ngokusikwa kwamaqabunga kuvame kakhulu. Ingasetshenziswa ekhaya unyaka wonke. Ukuhleleka kokusakazwa kwamaphepha kukhona ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Iqabunga elikhuliswe kahle lisikwa esiqwini sesitshalo esidala.
Ngokusika, kungcono ukhethe amaqabunga aphakathi nendawo
- Ishidi elisikiwe litshalwe ebhodweni enezinhlayiya ezinomswakama kahle (kutuswa ukuba kuthothwe nesixazululo seKornevin engxenyeni ejwayelekile [1 g yefulawa nge-litre eyodwa yamanzi], kuvimbele indawo engaphansi ukuba yomiswe). Ukwakheka komhlaba ongaphansi: izingxenye eziyi-10 zesihlabathi somfula esigeziwe nengxenye ye-peat (humus). Iqabunga leqabunga lijule ngandlela thile ku-angle eliyi-1-1,5 cm.
- Indawo ekhethiwe yokukhanya okugcwele.
- Uma isiqu sinezimpande zamanzi, isembozo simbozwa ngesembozo esisobala ukuvimbela ukuhwamuka kwamanzi ngokushesha.
Amahlumela kufanele alindelwe emavikini ambalwa
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngisho lawo makhasi awele esiqwini ngokwawo kodwa engakomile ngokuphelele ayifanele le ndlela yokuzalanisa. Ungahlola ukusebenza kwabo ngokulahla amaqabunga esosweni noma endebeni yamanzi kuze kube yilapho izimpande zivele. Isikhathi esifanele kunazo zonke sokususwa kwezimpawu ngamahlamvu amapheshana ukuphela kukaMeyi nokuqala kukaJuni.
Lokhu kwe-perennial emnandi, okwaziwa nangokuthi yi-Kalanchoe yezimbali, nayo ibangelwa kalula ukusikwa kwezinhlamvu nembewu.
Kalanchoe kusuka imbewu
Imiyalo yokusabalalisa imbewu yeKalanchoe:
- Imbewu esele ilungisiwe yeKalanchoe Blossfeld ihlwanyelwa ezitsheni ezivulekile ezigcwele substrate eyenziwe kahle ukuze kuvikelwe ukutheleleka kanye nokubola kwembewu.
- Imifino engashayi phansi icindezelwa endaweni ehlanganisiwe yesisekelo, lapho imbewu ibekwa khona kude nge-3-4 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.
- Imbewu kufanele icindezelwe kancane enhlabathini enganyisiwe.
- Ngemuva kwesikhashana, kuvela amahlumela.
Izinga lokushisa elisegumbini lapho imbewu yeKalanchoe imile kufanele lingaphansi kuka-20 ° C
Izici zokusakazwa kwezinhlobo zeDegremon
Lo mndeni omnandi waseCrassulaceae unesici sawo sokuzala. Ngenxa yako, lesi sitshalo sibizwa nangokuthiwa iKalanchoe viviparous.
IKalanchoe Degremona inombala ongajwayelekile wamaqabunga
Isici esiyingqayizivele salolu hlobo lwaluhlobo lwe-sawtooth emaqabungeni, lapho izitshalo zamadodakazi amancane (izingane) zakhiwa zikhulile futhi zikulungele ukuzimpande ngokwazo. Ngezingane, izinso ezinamaqabunga ziyaqondakala. Ngaphandle, zibukeka njengezitshalo ezincane ezinohlanga olwakhiwe lwamaqabunga nezimpande ezimbili.
Izingane zeKalanchoe Degremon zinempahla eyodwa emangalisayo: lapho zifika ngosayizi ofanele, zivele zivele ziqabule iqabunga bese kuthi lapho sezisemhlabathini omanzi, zikwazi ukuzimpande. Engxenyeni engaphakathi, ingane isitshalo esiphelele, esilungele ukutshala emhlabathini.
Imiyalo ye-Rooting baby Kalanchoe Degremon:
- Ukwahlukaniswa kwengane kuqembe lwabadala.
- Ukungena okulula ku-substrate elungiselelwe.
- Nyakazisa inhlabathi kusuka ku-sprayer.
Ngesonto lokuqala, umntwana otshaliwe ufihliwe elangeni eliqondile, futhi futhi alondoloze umswakama wenhlabathi kuze kube yilapho ekugcineni umila.
Ividiyo: izindlela ezi-3 zokuzalela iKalanchoe Degremon
Igatsha lezingane ezimpande
Ngemuva kokuba izimbali seziqediwe, ichopho lokudutshulwa lakhishwa ukuze kuvuswe ukukhula kwezinzalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, inzalo encane ivela eduze nembali kamama. Zisetshenziselwa ukuzala. Emva kwalokhu, inzalo ingahlukaniswa futhi itshalwe ebhodweni elinesihlabathi sesanti substrate (izingxenye eziyi-8 zesihlabathi somfula, izingxenye ezi-2 zomhlaba we-sod sifted).
Izingane kufanele zifinyelele ku-1/3 yobude besitshalo esidala
Ukwahlukaniswa kwe-Bush
Ukwahlukaniswa kwesitshalo somama kuyindlela elula yokusakaza iKalanchoe. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokuncipha, izitshalo zamadodakazi ziyakhula, zilungele ngokuphelele ukuzithwala ziye esitsheni esihlukile. Yonke le nqubo iqukethe ukususa isitshalo esidala ebhodweni, usebenzisa ummese ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezifanele zesihlahla nezimpande bese uzidlulisela esitsheni esihlukile enomhlabathi omusha.
Isitshalo esidala sidinga ukutshala njalo
Izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuzalela iKalanchoe ekhaya
Yize lesi sitshalo kulula ukusikhulisa futhi sibizwa ngodokotela wasekhaya, naso singagula. Ngakho-ke, lapho usabalalisa iKalanchoe, kufanele ucabangele ngokucophelela isimo sesitshalo esidala esinikelayo futhi uqaphele imithetho yokukhula kwezitshalo ezitshaliwe. I-Kalanchoe iyiphikelela kakhulu kunabo bonke abaphathi abaziwayo. Isizathu esikhulu sokutheleleka kwezifo ukugcinwa kwaso okungafanele: lokhu kungenele komoya omncane kanye nomswakama wenhlabathi okhuphukile. Lokhu kwenzeka, ngokwesibonelo, lapho umuthi otshalwe emhlabathini ongafanele: osindayo futhi ominyene, ngengxenye enkulu yephayini. Sebenzisa ukuxutshwa kwesitolo kwe-cacti kanye ne-anculents, futhi kwezinye izimo engeza isihlabathi noma i-vermiculite ukuze ubambe.
Kungcono ukubuyisela inhlabathi uma uqaphela ukuthi isitshalo esincane seKalanchoe seyekile ukukhula, nomhlaba embizeni uhlala umanzi.
Izimo zokungasebenzi kahle zivame ukudala i-powdery hlobo
Okokuqala, ukugcwala ngokweqile ngokunisela kungathinta ukubonakala kwesifo. Lapho ukhula iKalanchoe, umlimi wokuqala kufanele alandele umthetho olula - kungcono ukugcwalisa kunokugcwalisa ngokweqile.
Uma lesi sifo siziveza esitshalweni, kuzofanela uphendukele ezindlekweni ezisebenzayo - ukusetshenziswa kwama-fungicides, ukuzikhetha kuhlobo lwesifo. Ngakho-ke, lapho kutholakala izimpawu zokuqala zokulimala kwezifo, iziqu namaqabunga kufafazwa ngesisombululo se-fung fung esilungiselelwe ngokuya ngemiyalo yokusetshenziswa.
I-Alirin-B ingelinye lama-fungicides athandwa kakhulu izitshalo zasendlini.
Singakwazi ukwahlukanisa izifo ezihlangene kakhulu ze-fungal ze-Kalanchoe:
- ukulinyazwa sekwephuzile;
- ukubola okungwevu;
- i-powdery hlobo;
- isiqu ukubola.
Ithebula: Isifo se-Kalanchoe kanye nokwelashwa kwabo
| Igama lalesi sifo | Izimpawu zokugula | Izinyathelo Zokulawula Nokuvimbela |
| Ukulimala okufika lapho | Ukuvela kwamabala ansundu emagatsheni amahlumela. Ukukhula okumangele. | Ukukhishwa kwezinguquko zokushisa ngokuzumayo. Ukubulala amagciwane kwenhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala. Yehlisa ukuthambisa. Ukwelashwa ngama-fungicides (izidakamizwa i-Fundazol, i-Ridomil, i-Alirin-B). |
| Ukubola okumpunga | Ukuvela kokubhinca okumpunga. | Ukukhishwa komswakama ngokweqile, okunikeza ukukhanya okujwayelekile nomoya omncane. Uma kunesidingo, ukwelashwa nge-fungicides e-systemic (Rovral, Fundazol). |
| I-Powdery hlobo | Inhlanganisela emhlophe enobumba emacembe. | Ukukhishwa kokushisa ngokweqile kanye nomswakama. Ukwelashwa ngama-fungicides (iTopazi, i-Fundazole, i-Alirin-B). |
| Isiqu sokubola | Kuvela amabala amnyama emaqabungeni naseziqu. | Ukunciphisa umswakama. Ukwelashwa ngama-fungicides (Igolide, i-Previkur). |
Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nokukhanuka kwezilimo ezitshaliwe ngaphandle kwesizathu. Lokhu kusungulwa ukukhula komsuka, ubukhona bawo emhlabathini obungabonakala ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwezitshalo. Isilinganiso sokulawula ukufakwa okuphelele kwengxenye engezansi namandla, ukufafaza kathathu kwenxenye yeqabunga nge-tincture kagalikhi (3-4 ama-clove aphakathi nge-1 litre lamanzi) ngokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyi-10 noma nge-Actara, iFitoverm noma amalungiselelo e-Mospilan ngokuphumula okufanayo.
Isitshalo esitshaliwe singayeka ukukhula ngenxa yokuthi kukhethwe imbiza ebanzi kakhulu. Kuze kube yilapho iKalanchoe ikhula uhlelo lwezimpande kulesi siqukathi esikhulu, amaqabunga amasha ngeke avele.
Ukusabalalisa ngempumelelo kweKalanchoe akudingi ulwazi olukhethekile. Kwanele ukufunda ngokucophelela izincomo zokusatshalaliswa kwalesi sitshalo esingenamusa. Ngokwazi imithetho embalwa elula, noma ubani angakwazi ukusakaza isitshalo esibalulekile ekhaya ngokungazikhandla. Lesi sitshalo esincane esitshalwe ngokwemithetho sizokubonga ngesimo esihle futhi sizothokozisa iso ngezimbali eziningi zenkazimulo emnyama ngemuva kwesizinda samahlamvu aluhlaza.
