I-anyanisi-batun enezimpaphe ezinova obabayo, obizwa ngokuthi yinduku yokuxhuma, i-fistula noma isiTatar, sekuyisikhathi eside itshalwa eRussia. Isiko lingelama-perennials omndeni ka-anyanisi. IBatun ikhula emhlabathini ovulekile futhi ovikelekile, ikhula kahle ngesisindo esiluhlaza iminyaka engama-4-6 yokuqala.
Ama-Nutrient, acebile ngamaqabunga angashintshashintshi futhi alandelwa, asetshenziswa ekuphekeni nasekwelapheni. AmaShayina abheka njenge-diaphoretic ephumelelayo ne-painkiller. EYurophu, i-batun ithandwa njenge-leek. Emasimini, kukhule ukuheha izinambuzane ezingena pollinating; yisitshalo soju esixoshwa ngokuphelele umpe.
Incazelo nezinzuzo zika-anyanisi
I-anyanisi enengxenye yayo yomhlabathi iyafana nama-turnips, ipayipi elinesiqu sezimbali nalo liyavela ngonyaka wesibili. IBatun yakha isihlahla ngesikhathi sokukhula. Ama-pseudobulbs futhi, awafani, ahlanganiswe yinqwaba yezimpande eweni ngalinye futhi afinyelela kumakhasi ayi-6 ngasikhathi sinye. Ngokwesiko langemuva, amaqabunga nezimpande ziyafa minyaka yonke, entwasahlobo okusha kuvela. Ngenkathi, imifino inqunywa amahlandla ama-2-3. Ukusuka ehlathini thola kuze kufike ku-10 kg ngesikhathi sehlobo. Ukukhiqiza okusebenzayo kuhlala kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-6. Ukusakazwa kwe-batun kuphindwe kabili: ngembewu kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla sikamama.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-batun kokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-flavonoids, i-phytoncides, izakhi zomzimba, amavithamini, uwoyela obalulekile. Abahlali basehlobo nabalimi bayayithanda imifino enoshukela enambitheka ngokungafani nezinye anyanisi eziluhlaza. Isiko lithembekile ekushiseni, libekezelela iqhwa enhlabathini kuze kufike ku -8 ° C. Ihlala kahle emhlabathini, ibekezelela ukufakelwa kalula.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-anyanisi
Abafuyi bahlala behlanganyela ekutshaleni izinhlobo zokukhiqiza zobuchwepheshe ezinezimfanelo ezahlukahlukene zokunambitha zepeni. Izinhlobo eziningi zitshalwa eRussia, imininingwane ethandwa kakhulu kunazo zonke, ebonakala ngokukhula okusebenzayo, isivuno esinamandla sohlaza bezitshalo, sibhalwe etafuleni.
| Ibanga | Incazelo Ukuphakama (cm) | Ukusebenza |
| Iminsalo evuthiwe yakuqala | ||
| Ephreli | Impaphe enamanzi enama-afterisht amnandi. Cishe zingama-45. | Kusetshenziswa ukwenza amasaladi. |
| Isisa | I-Hardy, feathery namanzi, ene-aftertaste emnandi ebukhali. 35. | I-Universal, ekhona ezitsheni eziningi, isetshenziswe ngokuzimela. |
| Ukucacisa okuluhlaza | Isaladi, izimpaphe ziba nokunambitheka okuvumelanayo, okuphathelene ne-peninsular. Kufika kuma-75. | Isetjenziswa ngokuzimela, ilungile ngefomu elomile nelilukhuni. |
| UPierro | Imithi ebandayo ebandayo, izimpaphe ithambile, i-peninsular, sweetish. Cishe babe ngama-40. | Kufakwe kuresiphi yamasaladi. |
| Iminsalo yaphakathi nesizini | ||
| I-picnic | Ukumelana nezifo, izimpaphe ziyabukeka, zibukhali kancane. 50. | Ukhule ngokupheka izifundo zesibili. |
| Usayizi waseRussia | Amacembe abanzi, awugqinsi, anomhluzi. Ifinyelela ku-70. | Kusetshenziselwa ukugxusha, ukudala izitsha zokunukisa. |
| Ubusika baseRussia | Isaladi, izimpaphe zithambile, ngentukuthelo encane. Kufika kuma-30. | Okusha okumnandi, kuza njengesengezo kumasaladi. |
| Kebab | Izimpaphe ziba buthaka, zibukhali, zibushelelezi, zinamafutha. Ifinyelela ku-50. | Ilungele izifundo zokuqala nezesibili, izihloko eziphezulu zezimbotshana, ukulondolozwa kwasekhaya. |
| Meyi | Umabhebhana, izimpaphe zithambile, zibukhali ngokufutheka okuncane. 40. | Kusetshenziselwa ukulungiselela izifundo zesipayisi sokuqala nesesibili, ezingezwe kumasaladi. |
Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid isaladi ezifuywe eHolland nazo ziyathandwa: I-Parade, Performer.
Imigomo eyinhloko nezindlela zokukhula anyanisi
Isiko likhula ngembewu njengonyaka nonyaka; esikhundleni sezithombo, ama-pseudobulbs atholakala ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla sikamama asetshenziswa. Imifino ingatholakala endaweni evulekile, evikelekile, etshalwe efasiteleni. Ukufika nokuzinakekela kungathathi isikhathi esiningi.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo kwenziwa ngoJanuwari -Febhuwari, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-35, amahlumela amfushane atshalwa engadini. Emagumbini okugcina izithombo Hlwanyela anyanisi ekwindla sekwephuzile "ngaphambi kobusika" noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho amasentimitha ambalwa enhlabathi efudumala. Ukushiya kuqukethe ekuniseleni nasekugqokeni kwaphezulu okuphezulu, kuze kube kathathu ngesizini. Yethula umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi oqukethe i-nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.
Unyaka owodwa ubudala
Ngokuhlwanyelwa konyaka, izilimo ezingamelana nokubanda ziyakhethwa, imbewu itshalwa enhlabathini ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Izithombo mncane ngemuva kwamasonto amabili ukukhula. Uma ama-plantings eqinisiwe, imifino izoqala ukufudumeza, ukubola kwezimpande kungakhula. Imifino evela amahlumela ayinqunywe ehlobo. I-batun enonyaka owodwa ivunwa ekwindla kanye nama-pseudobulbs, akhelwe nge-pitchfork. Ngale ndlela yokutshala, kungenzeka ukuthola isivuno esiphansi ngensipho ethambile, enamanzi.
I-Biennial
Ukutshala kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo nangokulima konyaka, ngasikhathi sinye. Ekwindla, iziqu azimbiwa, kodwa zishiyelwe ebusika. Ngesizini elandelayo, bamba iziqu njengoba kunesidingo, lokhu kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi:
- ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho amaqabunga ebanda nje;
- ehlobo, ngokwengxenye noma ngokushesha;
- bhala okusele ekwindla.
Okungenasisekelo
Ukuze kutshalwe isikhathi eside, imbewu itshalwa enhlabathini:
- ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, uma ufuna ukuthola izimpaphe ngonyaka wokuqala wokutshala;
- ehlobo, kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi;
- ekwindla, ngokuqala kwesithwathwa esenziwa njalo ngaphambi kokuba umhlabathi uqandeke, "ebusika".
Isitshalo sokuqala samahlamvu ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo sisuswa inyanga ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo. I-anyanisi kufanele ilungiselelwe ubusika - ikhule nge-feather.
UMnu Summer ohlala khona weluleka: amaqhinga amancane lapho kukhula anyanisi
Ngaphandle kokulula kokunakekela i-perennial eluhlaza, kuyasiza ukulandela imithetho eminingana kubuchwepheshe bezolimo:
- isiko lidinga ukuthambisa ejwayelekile, kepha ngokulinganiselayo, lapho amanzi amile, umoya-mpilo ungangeni enhlabathini, u-anyanisi uyagula, uqala ukuphenduka;
- ezinsukwini ezintathu ngaphambi kokusikwa, umbhede uchitheke kahle, ukuze amaqabunga acwebezelwe, agcina isimo sawo kahle ngesikhathi sokuhamba;
- ngemuva kokukhula i-anyanisi-itheniphu noma ezinye izitshalo ezinama-bulbous, akutuswa ukuba utshale i-batun; nematode, izimpande zokubola izimpande, ama-bacterium angamagciwane angaqukethwe enhlabathini;
- izitshalo ezinhle kakhulu zangaphambilini ezingenazifo ezivamile ngama-anyanisi ziyasondela (utamatisi, amazambane), izaqathi;
- ngesikhathi sokuphehlwa kobusika, kuphakanyiswa izimpaphe ukuze zidluliselwe ezitshalweni ezineminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala ngepayipi elibanzi - isibani samanga, zinesistimu enamandla yezimpande, zisheshe zivumelane, zikhule;
- ngokuvela kokuhluma kokuqala, iqhwa elingaphezulu kwendawo ebanjwayo lihlanganiswe nge-humus, embozwe ifilimu - abamba ukushisa kuzoba nokushisa ngokushesha phansi kwelanga;
- ngemuva kokusikwa ngakunye kwezimpaphe, inhlabathi iyacetshiswa, njengomthombo wokusebenzisa umquba we-nitrogen; phosphorus kanye ne-potassium minerals manyolo kufakwa kuyo;
- imbewu ye-anyanisi ihlwanyelwa ezitshalweni ekuqaleni kobusika, ngakho-ke kuzokwazi ukuthola isisindo esiluhlaza ngenyanga ngaphambi kokuhlela.
Amasu anjalo, ngokuya ngemigomo eyisisekelo yokunakekelwa kwe-anyanisi, andisa isivuno senduku izikhathi eziyi-1.5.
