Esifundeni ngasinye, kukhona amakhowe adle futhi anobuthi, okumele aziwe kubo ababili abaqoqiwe be-mushroom nabaqalayo.
Cabanga ngezinhlobo eziyinhloko zamakhowe ezidliwayo nezingenakudliwa yiBashkortostan, sinikeza incazelo ephelele, futhi sitshele mayelana nokusetshenziswa kokupheka.
Amakhomikhali edlayo
Cabangela izici kanye nencazelo yazo zonke izinhlobo zamakhowe ezidliwayo ezingatholakala eBashkiria.
Amakhowe amhlophe
I-mushroom ingokwesihlobo samaBorovik, umndeni wakwaBolettov. 
Amanye amagama: i-boletus, emhlophe, umdwebi, ophuzi, i-kovyl, inkomo, ibhere.
Kubalulekile! Kulezo zifunda lapho kungabonakali khona isikhunta esimhlophe, igama liyi-boletus ne-oyster mushroom steppe.
Ukubukeka
Hat ububanzi bungaba ngamasentimitha angu-60, kodwa ubukhulu obujwayelekile buyi-15-20 cm. Amakhowe amancane angama-7 cm. Ukuma kukhonjiswe, ubuso bushelelezi, futhi bungase buncibilike kancane. Uma kungabikho imvula, i-cap ingase iphake. Umbala uhluka kusuka emanzini kuya kumhlophe omsulwa. Ingqimba ephezulu yekhanda ayihlukanisiwe no-pulp.
Pulp kakhulu inyama. Njengoba ubudala buqala ukuphuzi, ngakho umbala uhluka kusuka kumhlophe kuya ophuzi omnyama. Ngemuva kokuxhumana emoyeni, kuphela okungajwayelekile ukushintsha umbala (kuba mnyama noma ubluhlaza). Iphunga libuthakathaka kakhulu, ukunambitheka kuyamnandi. 
Umlenze ufinyelela ubude obuyi-25 cm, i-cylindrical noma i-club efana nomfutho we-cap. Udwezwe ngezithombe ezihlukahlukene ezibomvu, kodwa kungenzeka kube mhlophe. Umbala uhlale ulula kunekhanda.
Ungqimba olubulalayo (ithwala izinhlamvu) ezikhanyayo noma ezimhlophe, zihlukaniswe kalula ngekhanda. Amakhowe amadala angase abe ne-tint eluhlaza noma eluhlaza.
Izinsalela zezingubo ezivela emangcwabeni amhlophe azikho
Funda ngezinhlobonhlobo zamakhowe amhlophe, izakhiwo ezizuzisayo zamakhowe amhlophe, ukuthi yibuphi amakhowe amhlophe amanga abukeka.Indawo yokusabalalisa
Amakhowe amhlophe akhula kuwo wonke amazwekazi, ngaphandle kwezingongolo kanye ne-Australia. Kubonakala ngokubunjwa kwe-mycorrhiza (symbiosis) nge-stiduous noma imithi e-coniferous, ngakho-ke cishe ayikho endaweni ye-steppe. Uthanda amahlathi lapho i-substrate ihlanganiswa khona ngamanzi noma ama-lichen.
Umzimba wesithelo awufaki uma kunezinhla zokushisa emini noma ebusuku. I-fungus ayithandi umswakama owandayo, ngakho-ke ayivami ukukhula eduze kwemizimba yamanzi. 
Kubalulekile! I-Borovik ayitholakali emahlathini amancane.
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Njengoba izidumbu zezithelo azifaki njalo, kodwa nge "amagagasi" akhethekile, zifika eqoqweni lokuqala maphakathi noJuni. Isikhathi sesibili siphelile ngoJulayi. Okwesithathu kuphakathi kuka-Septhemba, lapho amaqabunga ewela emithini.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, emahlathini asezintabeni, amakhowe avuna kuphela ngo-Agasti, lapho i-mycelium ikhiqiza izidumbu zezithelo.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
Njengoba le mushroom inomunandi othakazelisayo kakhulu emva kokumiswa, kuvame ukuvuna ebusika. I-powder yenziwa ngomkhiqizo owomile, osetshenziselwa kokubili ukugqoka izitsha kanye nokukhiqiza ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zokuvuna ukunambitheka. 
I-Boletus ayidingi ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kokushisa, ngakho-ke eYurophu idliwa kalula, enezela kuma saladi ahlukahlukene. Emazweni e-CIS, kuyisiko ukupheka isobho nge-porcini amakhowe, gazinga namazambane, futhi wenze amakhekhe ahlukahlukene.
Zijwayeze ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuvuna amakhowe amhlophe ebusika, futhi ufunde ukufisa amakhowe amhlophe.
Ama-mushroom amhlophe angacwiliswa noma aqoshiwe ngokufaka kwawo. Lena amakhowe afanelekayo afana nanoma yikuphi isidlo, futhi futhi ngokuphawulekayo ukwandisa inani lokudla okunomsoco.
Wolf
Ziyizo zohlobo lweMlechnik, umndeni waseSyrifen. Kukhona amagagasi amhlophe nama-pink. Okukhethwa kukho kokuqala kuhluke okwesibini ngobukhulu obuncane nombala omhlophe omsulwa. Zombili izinhlobo ziyadliwa.
Amanye amagama: i-Volzhanka, i-wave, i-rubella. 
Ukubukeka
Ububanzi be-cap buya kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-12 cm, noma kunjalo, ubukhulu obukhulu buyinto engavamile kakhulu. It has notch isici phakathi, ehamba ngokushelela eya emaphethelweni eqondile. Amantombazane amancane adonsax, adala - flat.
Ubuso buhlanganiswe ne-villi encane, kanye nemibuthano emnyama. Unombala okhanyayo noma omnyama obomvana. Uma uthinta i-cap, iqala ukunyamalala.
Pulp dense, mhlophe. Endaweni yokuphuka, ijusi elimhlophe lombala omhlophe liphuma ngaphandle, elinambitheka elibukhali. Iphunga lihle noma lingathathi hlangothi.
Ubude imilenze kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-6 cm, omncane, oqinile, oqinile. Inombala omhlophe ophuzi noma omhlophe.
Amarekhodi ezimhlophe, ezivamile, ezincane. 
Indawo yokusabalalisa
Itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-temperate zone. I-Volnushka ivame kakhulu e-birch namahlathi ahlanganisiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-mycorrhiza ikhiqiza kuphela izihlahla ezindala, ngakho-ke ayikho emasimini amancane.
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Izakhi zomzimba zakhiwa kusukela ekupheleni kukaJuni kuya ku-Okthoba, kodwa kunamagagasi amabili amakhulu lapho ungakwazi ukuqoqa inani eliphezulu lamakhowe. Umvuthwandaba wokuqala ngamaviki okugcina kaJulayi. Owesibili ukuphela kuka-Agasti namasonto amabili okuqala kaSepthemba.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
I-Volnushka iyi-mushroom edlalayo, ngakho-ke idinga ukungena kuqala emanzini anosawoti kanye nokwelapha okushisa. Amakhowe aqoqwe aphethwe amafutha, bese uqhubeka nokupheka. I-Blanching ithatha imizuzu engu-15-20.
I-Volnushku ivame ukucwilisa noma ifakwe usawoti, kepha ungasebenzisa le amakhowe kanye nokupheka isobho. Kungenziwa okuthosiwe noma okungeziwe kuma-sauces. I-mushroom ayiwahlukanisi futhi ayiqhubeki, okukuvumela ukuhlobisa izitsha nayo. 
I-volnushka ayimisiwe, ngoba phakathi nale nqubo ayikhiphi izinto ezingabangela ubuthi obuthakathaka noma ukugxekwa.
I-bum yangempela
Ziyizo zohlobo lweMlechnik, umndeni waseSymejka. Amakhowe wangempela afana kakhulu nomsakazo omhlophe, ngakho-ke umqashi owaziwa ngamakhowe kuphela ongazihlukanisa.
Funda incazelo yezinhlobo zamakhowe, thola ukuthi i-aspen, i-blackberry ebomvu ibukeka kanjani nokuthi ikhula kuphi, yiziphi amakhowe eziwusizo, ukulungisa ubisi amakhowe ebusika.
Amanye amagama: i-gruzd emhlophe, i-raw gruzd, i-pravsky gruzd.
Ukubukeka
Ububanzi be-cap buya kusuka ku-5 ukuya ku-20 cm. Okunamandla, flat-convex, emaphethelweni aphikisiwe. Phakathi nendawo yekhanda kunesici sokuhlala. Ehlanganiswe nge-mucus, ngokuvamile iyakwazi ukuthola izinhlayiya zenhlabathi noma amahlamvu. Umbala umhlophe noma uphuzi. 
Kubalulekile! Isifungi esidala ku-cap singabonakala amabala amnyama.
Umlenze cishe ubude obuyi-5 cm, obunwebile, obudwetshiwe obumhlophe noma obuphuzi obukhanyayo. Ngaphezulu, ungathola izindawo ezicashile noma ama-encesses amancane. Ngaphakathi komlenze awukho.
Pulp I-dense kakhulu, emhlophe, inomfutho oqinile we-fruity. Uma kuphulwa, ijusi elimhlophe lombala omhlophe likhishwa, elinomusa omubi kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuxhumana nomoya, ijusi iqala ukuphuzi.
Amarekhodi ube ne-yellow tint, ebanzi. Izingxabano ziphuzi.
Indawo yokusabalalisa
Isakazwa ezindaweni ezingasenyakatho zendawo yesimo sezulu esifudumele. Ingena ekuxhumaneni nomuthi we-birch, ngakho-ke itholakala kuphela kulawo masimu lapho lo muthi ukhula khona. Ikhetha izihlahla ezindala, ayikuthi zisondele ezincane. 
I-mushroom ithanda inhlabathi enesihlabathi nesihlabathi, kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Bheka ukuthi kufanele kube ezindaweni ezifakwe emthunzini, ngaphansi kweqabunga noma i-conifer litter.
Kunzima ukubhekana nokugabuka, kodwa uma ubona amakhowe owodwa, kusho ukuthi ungathola "abazalwane" abaseduze, ngoba lezi zinhlobo zikhula kuphela ngamaqembu.
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Umzimba wesithelo ukhiwa ekushiseni kuka-8-10 ° C, ngakho-ke, kuzo zonke izithelo zesifunda ngezikhathi ezahlukene, kusukela ngoJulayi futhi kuphelile ngoSeptemba, lapho izinga lokushisa elivamile lansuku zonke liwela ebangeni elamukelekayo.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
Loluhlobo lwamakhowe lubhekwa njengelokudla ezweni lakithi, kodwa emazweni aseYurophu kubhekwa njengento engadli kahle noma engekho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphambi kokupheka kumele kufakwe isisombululo salori, bese ubilisa ngokushintshwa kwamanzi okulandelayo. 
Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule adlule, ubisi lwe-milkfish babhekwa njengowokuphela kwamakhowe afanelekile okusawoti, njengoba kunenyama enesisindo. Yingakho ijwayele ukusawoti noma imfucumfucu, isebenzisa imiphongolo ye-oak (yimiqulu emikhulu).
Ngemuva kokunakekelwa kwangaphambili, amakhowe amakhowe angathathwa, athosiwe, afakwe kwizisobho noma ama-saladi. Umkhiqizo uqukethe amaprotheni amaningi (kuze kufike ku-32% ngokuphathelene nendaba eyomile), ngakho angathatha inyama noma inhlanzi.
Njengoba kunjalo nakwezinye amakhowe ezidliwayo ngokomzimba, i-gruel yangempela ayikho ngaphansi kokumiswa.
I-Dubovik umnquma omnyama
I-mushroom edlayo, eyomndeni wakwaBolettov, uhlobo lweBorovik.
Amagama ahlukile: i-dubovik, i-subad, inxeba, ibuhlungu ubuhlungu obunqunu. Kwezinye izindawo, lezi zinhlobo zingabonakala nge-cep. 
Ukubukeka
Hat ngobubanzi kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-20 cm. Emakhowe amancane yi-hemispherical, kubantu abadala asebalala. Isikhumba sigcwele umbala omnyovu, yingakho lezi zinhlobo zinegama layo. Umbala ungashintsha ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa komzimba wesithelo.
Ubuso bekhanda luvelvety. Ngemuva kokuxhumana, amabala amnyama avela. Ngomswakama okhulayo, uhlanganiswa ne-mucus.
Pulp ophuzi obombala, obukhulu. Ukuthintana ne-oksijini ushintsho umbala izikhathi eziningana. Okokuqala iba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bese kubomvu. Awunakho iphunga, ukunambitheka akubukhali.
Umlenze inebude obungama-6-15 cm, obukhulu, obukhulu. Ukuma kufana nama-mace, ama-tapers aye ekhanda. Ipeyinti e-orange emnyama noma ephuzi elimnyama, likhanya njalo kunekhanda. Kukhona iphethini lemifino. 
Ungqimba olubulalayo ezinamakhowe amancane kunemibala ephuzi, kulabo asebekhulile kudwetshwe ku-marsh eluhlaza. Phakathi kwe-pulp kanye noqweqwe olubulalayo kunezingqimba ezibomvu ezengeziwe, ezibonakalayo kuphela ekunqunyeni.
Uyazi? I-boletole yama-antibiotic ikhishwa kule fungus, esetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko.
Indawo yokusabalalisa
Ukusakazwa kulo lonke indawo enesimo sezulu. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho akuvamile, ngoba uthanda isimo sezulu esishisayo. Ingena ku-symbiosis nge-oak ne-beech, okungavamile kakhulu nge-birch, ngakho-ke itholakala emaqenjini omabili ahlotshisiwe futhi ahlanganisiwe. Endaweni ye-steppe ayikhuli.
Ngokuhlukile kuyadingeka ukugqamisa izidingo zenhlabathi. I-Dubovik ithanda umhlabathi we-alkaline, ngakho-ke ayikhuli kwi-substrate ye-asidi, ngisho noma izimo zihle. Ivela eduze kwamasango. 
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Izakhi zomzimba zakhiwe kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSeptemba, kodwa amakhowe amaningi angabuthwa ngo-Agasti. Izitho zomzimba zakhiwa kokubili ngamaqembu futhi ngabanye, ngokukhetha izindawo ezikhanyayo ezifudumele.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
Isikhunta esidliwa yizimo, okufanele siqale sibiliswe ngokufaka amanzi esikhundleni. Ngemuva kokucubungula kokuqala, ungafisa, ubilise, udilize, usawoti, ukhuphule futhi usomile. Kuyinto yokugcwalisa ama-pie amahle kakhulu, asetshenziselwa ukufaka inyama esikhundleni sezitsha eziningi, njengoba inenani elihle lokudla okunomsoco.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-dubovik ngeziphuzo ezidakayo.
Umbrella enemibalabala
Ungowomndeni waseChampignon, uhlobo lwe-Macrolepiota. Lolu hlobo luyi-mushroom "engumlingani", nakuba libukeka njengama-mushroom anobuthi. 
Amanye amagama: isambulela se-mushroom, isambulela, isigubhu.
Ukubukeka
I-cap inesisindo sobubanzi buka-25-35 cm. Amakhowe amancane afana neqanda elikhulu, kulabo asebekhulile kuyisambulela esivamile. Ubuso bubonwe grey, kunezilinganiso ezimnyama ezingasatshalaliswa ngokungafani phezu kwendawo. Phakathi nendawo ye-cap kune-bump emnyama. Isikhumba sinamafutha.
Pulp kunamafutha, ahlukumezayo, aqoshiwe amhlophe. Emakhowe amadala, i-pulp isisindo, sinombala omnyama. Uma uxhumane ne-oxygen, umbala awushintshi. It has a weak mushroom iphunga kanye ukunambitheka efanayo, unikeza nut.
Umlenze ngobude kusuka ku-10 kuya kwezingu-30 cm, okuncane, okujulile, kunomfutho phansi. Umbala kusuka kumhlophe omsulwa kuya kumnyama omnyama (i-gradient). Ihlanganiswe ngezikali ezincane. Ngiseduze nawe ungabona izindandatho zomsindo.
Amacwecwe amhlophe, mahhala, ehlukaniswe kalula kumalpp. Emakhowe amadala aqoshwe umbala we-beige noma ukhilimu. 
Kunezinsalela zezingubo zokulala ezihamba ngokukhululekile emlenzeni. Ipeyinti emhlophe, unomphetho omejiwe.
Indawo yokusabalalisa
Njengoba isambulela se-motley singummeleli we-saprotrophs (i-mycelium idla ngezinkuni ezifile noma ezifa), ingatholakala emahlathini amadala lapho kutholakala khona ama-cuttings ahlanzekile.
I-fungus ikhetha inhlabathi enesihlabathi, futhi ikhetha izindawo ezikhanyisiwe kahle. Akukhuli nje emahlathini kuphela, kodwa nasezindaweni ezivulekile, nasemibhedeni yemifula nasemasimini.
Ikhula endaweni epholile. Itholakala eYurophu nase-Asia, naseNingizimu naseNyakatho Melika, nase-Australia. 
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Iqoqwe kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuNovemba. On "ukuzingela" hamba emva imvula encane. Amakhowe akhula kokubili ngezingoma nangamaqembu amancane. Ngokuvamile, izidumbu zezithelo zakha amaphethini athakazelisayo, kanye nemigqa.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
I-mushroom iyadliwa ngokuphelele, ngakho ayidingi ukwelashwa kwangaphambi. Nokho, ngemuva kokuqoqwa, kunconywa ukuba uhlanza ngobumnene imikhiqizo ukususa isihlabathi. Izidumbu ezincane zezithelo zingabanjwa, futhi abantu abadala bangacwiliswa, abomuncu noma bengezwe izobho.
Imilenze yamakhowe omuncu yomile, bese wenza i-powder. Isetshenziselwa ukusihlwa ngezifundo zokuqala nesesibili, inephunga elimnandi.
Ama-ambrellas alungiswa masinyane, ngakho-ke ungenza amaqanda aqhephukile noma amaqanda aqhekeziwe ngesisekelo sabo. Ngemva kokudoba eside, izidumbu zezithelo ziba "irayibha", okumelwe zicatshangelwe. 
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokupheka, qiniseka ukuthi ususa izikali.
Imbuzi
Ziyi-genus Shrove, igama elifanayo lomndeni we-butter-grease I-fungus e-tubular ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-dish yasebhotela, hhayi imbuzi.
Amanye amagama: louter, mokhovik, mshornik.
Kubalulekile! Ungangqubuzana negama elihlukile elithi "Mokhovik" nge-genus ehlukile yamakhowe.
Ukubukeka
Hat ngobubanzi kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-12 cm, flat-convex, umcamelo. Udwezwe ngombala obomvu okhanyayo obomvu obomvu. I-peel emswakama ophezulu ihlanganiswe ne-mucus, kunzima ukuhlukanisa no-pulp. 
Pulp obukhulu, obunwebekayo, umbala omnyama ophuzi noma omnyama. Iphunga libuthakathaka kakhulu, cishe lingekho. Ukunambitheka kancane kumuncu.
Umlenze ngobude kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-10 cm, ubukhulu obuphakathi, obujamo bufana nesiyilinda ngesigubhu esincane esisekelweni. Ipeyinti elikhanyayo elipendekile. Umlenze uqinile.
Ungqimba olubulalayo okuhambisanayo, ehlanganiswe nama-pores, isakhiwo sifana nesiponji. Udwezwe ophuzi nge-tint brown noma gray.
Indawo yokusabalalisa
Itholakala eYurophu nase-Asia kulo lonke indawo epholile. Ukufaka i-symbiosis nge-pine tree, ngokuvamile kaningi - nezinye izihlahla ze-coniferous. Ikhula phezu kwenhlabathi ene-nutrient izakhi ezimanzi. Ungathola inombolo enkulu yamakhowe eduze nemifula nemifula. 
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
UKozlyak waqoqa ngemuva kwemvula. Amakhowe akhula kokubili nangamaqembu amakhulu. Imizimba yezithelo ifomu kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba; kodwa, lapho kungekho khona imvula, i-fruiting ishintshe eduze kwekwindla.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
Nakuba i-mushroom idla, kufanele ibiliswe ngamaminithi angu-15 ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Emva kwalokho ungadla ngaphandle kokwelashwa okunye okushisa.
Imbuzi ingabe isomisiwe, iphekwe, ifakwe okuthosiwe, ifakwe ku-pickle. Njengoba lezi zinhlobo zivame ukuthinteka yizifo ezihlukahlukene, kunezidumbu ezincane kuphela ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza, lapho izibungu zingakabi khona "ukuxazulula". 
Chanterelle
Ziyizinhlobo zegama elifanayo emndenini waseLysichkov.
Amanye amagama: i-cockerel, i-chanterelle yangempela.
Funda ngemithi yokwelapha ye-chanterelles, ukuthi ungayahlukanisa kanjani i-chanterelle yamanga, ukuthi ungafakela kanjani ama-chanterelles ebusika.
Ukubukeka
I-mushroom i-cappulmonary, ngakho-ke i-cap ne-pedicle yinye.
Hat ngobubanzi kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-12 cm. Lokhu kuhluka ngenxa yokuthi i-chanterelle inezingqimba ze-wavy eziphakanyisiwe. Ukuma kwekhanda kukhonjiswe-kuhambisane, kungavamile. Ikhasi linemibala e-orange.
Emakhowe amadala amabala amnyama ombala omnyama ombala angakwazi ukuhlala phansi. Ubuso bubushelelezi, matte. Uhlukanisa isikhumba emalindeni cishe akunakwenzeka. 
Pulp obukhulu, obukhulu, obunzima emakhowe amadala. Umbala osikiwe umhlophe, kodwa ingaphandle yenziwe ngombala obala obala. Inomunwe omunwe ophelile. Iyakuthanda umuncu. Uma ucindezelwa kancane kancane.
Umlenze inebude obungama-4 kuya ku-7 cm, obukhulu, obukhulu, bunombala ofanayo ne-cap, noma i-light lighter.
Ungqimba olubulalayo iqukethe amafolda amakhulu ahlobisayo, aqoshwe umbala okhanyayo we-orange, ehla ngokuqinile esiqwini.
Kubalulekile! Le chanterelle ayithintekile yizidumbu, ngoba i-symbiotic ihlala emgqeni we-tubular, obhubhisa amaqanda ezinambuzane nezinambuzane.Indawo yokusabalalisa
I-symbiosis ne-deciduous and coniferous trees (i-spruce, i-pine, i-beech, i-oak), ngakho-ke itholakala kokubili emahlathini acwebileyo noma e-coniferous. Ama-chanterelles ajwayelekile kulo lonke indawo epholile. Khetha izindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu. 
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Ama-chanterelles azingela ama-Chanterelles ngoJuni, uma isimo sezulu sinomthunzi futhi sishisa. "Amagagasi" alandelayo avela ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba, kodwa uma kungakafiki isikhathi eside, ukuthola izidumbu ezincane zezithelo kuyoba inkinga.
Amakhowe afihla emaqabunga awile, utshani nemisipha, ngakho kulula ukuwaphutha. Khulisa amaqembu, amakhowe angashadile - ama-rarity.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
I-Chanterelles ingasetshenziswa nganoma yiluphi uhlobo, kodwa kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi le makhowa ithatha ama-radionuclides ngokwayo, ngakho-ke uma indawo yakho ingalungile ngemuva kwesizinda semisebe, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthi ungagcini ama-cockerels.
Ama-Chanterelles angapheka, aphekwe, aphekwe, ashuke, ashunwe, ayiswe usawoti futhi agwetshwe. Lena amakhowe ahlukahlukeneyo afana nanoma yisiphi isidlo. 
Ukwakhiwa kwefungus kuhlanganisa eziningi zamaprotheni, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye yenyama. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-caloric ye-100 g yomkhiqizo kungama-kcal angu-19 kuphela, ngakho-ke inani elikhulu lomkhiqizo lizodingeka ukuze lisetshenziswe. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwekhalori ephansi, ama-chanterelles afakiwe kuma saladi kulabo abalandela ukudla.
I-wet spotted
Uhlobo lwe-fungus olwalolu hlobo lwegama elifanayo, umndeni wakwaKokkhokhovye.
Awekho amanye amagama atholakalayo.
Ukubukeka
Ububanzi bekhanda buyi-4-5 cm. I-Convex noma i-flat nge emaphethelweni ajika. Isikhumba siyingqayizivele ebomvu, ehlanganiswe ne-mucus. Amabala amnyama ahlakazekile yonke indawo. Kubumnyama lapho kuthintwa. 
Pulp ingaba ophuzi noma omhlophe. Emva kokuxhumana ne-oksijeni iqala ukuphenduka.
Ubude imilenze cishe u-8 cm. Okuncane, okunamathelayo, kunesimo se-cylindrical. Umlenze ubala, upende obomvu. Amaconsi ombala we-amber angakha.
Ngaphansi kwe-cap kukhona amhlophe angavamile amarekhodiokuyinto ekugcineni ingabe isundu.
Indawo yokusabalalisa
I-Mokruha isatshalaliswa kuyo yonke indawo enesimo se-Eurasia naseNyakatho Melika. Yakha i-mycorrhiza ne-conifers, ngakho-ke ayikho emasimini aqhamukayo. I-mushroom ikhetha umswakama ophezulu. Ikhula phakathi kwezinsiza nobude obude, ngakho kunzima ukubona. 
Isikhathi sokuqoqa Imizimba yezithelo ivela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba, enye i-mycelium ikhiqiza inani elincane lefungi. I-Wethook iyinhlobo engavamile, ngakho-ke ngisho nangaphambi kwesimo sezulu esimanzi, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuyokwazi ukuqoqa imiqulu emikhulu.
Uyazi? I-cap of amakhowe ngesikhathi sokukhula ingena phakathi kwensimbi. Lokhu kufezwa ngenxa yokuthi ingcindezi ye-turgor (yangaphakathi) ifinyelela ema-atmospheres ayisikhombisa. Ukucindezela okufanayo kubonakala emathayi amaloli okulahla.Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
I-Mokruhu ihlelwa njengama-mushroom aphethwe ngokugcwele, ngakho-ke akufanele kulandelwe ukucubungula ngokusho kwelogi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi i-cap ihlanganiswa ne-mucus, ukuhamba phambili nokukhishwa kwesikhumba kuyadingeka ukuze uthole umkhiqizo omuhle, omuhle.
Amakhowe angadli aluhlaza. Uma i-mokruhu ingezwe esaladini, ingaphambi kokubilisa okungenani isigamu sehora. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lwamakhowe lubisiwe noma lunamanzi. Futhi isetshenziswe njengomhlobiso wezingubo ezibandayo. Ngokusekelwe kubo, ungenza umhluzi omnandi noma isiphuzo. 
I-Mokruha ayifanele ukuma.
I-Mokhovik eluhlaza
Ngabomndeni wakwaMokhovik, umndeni wakwaBolettov.
Amagama ahlukile: i-sitovik, ingubo yoboya. Ukubukeka
Ububanzi bekhanda buyi-3-10 cm, kodwa ungathola amakhowe amakhulu nge cap kuya 16 cm ububanzi. I-Hat enombala, i-velvety, ifomu elincane elinamaphethelo aphikisiwe kancane. Pulp umbala omhlophe. Ukuthintana ne-oksijeni kungase kuguquke kancane okwesibhakabhaka
Umlenze inesakhiwo se-cylinder, ubude obuvela ku-4 kuya ku-10 cm. Ubunzima, bushelelezi, ubuso buhlanganiswe nemifino eluhlaza.
Ungqimba olubulalayo okuhambisanayo, ophuzi ngendwangu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukucindezela okukhulu kungashintsha okwesibhakabhaka. 
Indawo yokusabalalisa
Leli amakhowe alinganiswanga ehlathini noma endaweni ye-steppe. Itholakala kokubili ezindaweni ezivulekile nasemahlathini. Ufake ama-mycorrhiza nganoma yiziphi izihlahla ze-coniferous noma ezivuthiwe. UMokhovik wasakazwa cishe kuwo wonke amazwekazi, kuhlanganise ne-Australia. Ikhula kokubili ema-subtropics nasebandleni elincane.
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Kungenzeka ukhethe amakhowe kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izidumbu zezithelo azifaki emakhazeni abanda noma asomile.
I-Mokhovikov ikhula kokubili ngothando nangamaqembu amancane. "Ukuvunwa" okukhulu kungavunwa kuphela enhlabathini enomsoco okhanyisiwe. 
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
I-Mokhovik ayidingi ukwelashwa kwangaphambili, ngakho-ke ungayidla ngisho eluhlaza, kodwa kufanele ususe kuqala isikhumba ku-cap.
Lezi zinhlobo ngokuvamile azimi, njengoba ziqala ukumnyama. Ihlukaniswe ngokulondolozwa okuhle, ngakho-ke kutholakala usawoti futhi kuqoshiwe, ngenxa yalokho okutholakala khona amabhilidi agcinwa okungaphezu konyaka owodwa.
Izidumbu ezincane zezithelo zingabiliswa, zithosiwe, ziphekwe, futhi zengezwe namasiki noma ama-saladi.
Kubalulekile! Ama-boletus amadala angabangela ubuthi obukhulu, ngakho-ke awakwazi ukuqoqwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuphazamiseka kwamaprotheni ngaphakathi komzimba we-fruiting.
I-honeycomb yase-Autumn
Ziyizinhlobo zegama elifanayo, kusukela emndenini we-Fizalakriev.
Igama elihlukile: i-honeydew okwamanje.
Thola ukuthi amakhowe adliwa kanjani, ukuhlukanisa kanjani i-folet pellet kusuka kumakhowe avamile.
Ukubukeka
Ububanzi izigqoko 3-10 cm, ngokungafani okungajwayelekile - 12-15 cm. Amakhowe amancane ane-capve ye-convex, endala - isicaba. Isikhumba siwuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma imifino eluhlaza. Izitho zomzimba ezincane zinezilinganiso ezincane ezidlulayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Pulp umbala omhlophe. Amakhowe amancane anezinhlanzi futhi ezinamafutha, asebekhulile anomzimba omncane, onzima. Iphunga elimnandi, amakhowe. 
Ubude imilenze kusuka ku-8 ukuya ku-10 cm, emincane, edwetshwe ngombala obomvu okhanyayo. Umlenze uhlale ulula ngaphezu kwekhanda. Izilinganiso ezincane ezigezwa kalula ngemvula zibonakala.
LPs ihambisana ne-peduncle, engavamile, ekhunjini elincane elinemibala, ezindala ezindala ezimnyama ezine-pink tinge.
Kukhona izinsalela zokulala, ezitholakala ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwebhenethi. Isembozo simhlophe ngophephu oluphuzi, ifilimu.
Kubalulekile! Umbala we-cap ungashintsha kuye ngokuthi umuthi lapho i-honeydew ihamba khona.Indawo yokusabalalisa
Ngaphambi kwethu kukhona uhlobo lwesikhunta esinama-parasitic ogama lakhe le-mycelium lakhiwa ehlathini lomuthi. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ingaba nesisindo kwizitshalo ezinomsoco, kuhlanganise nokutshalwa. Amakhowe angakhula emithini ebolile futhi eyomile, ngaleyo ndlela ibe yi-saprophytes. 
Zakhula kuphela ehlathini nasezindaweni ezihlala emahlathini eNyakatho Hemisphere. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zisatshalaliswa ezivela emaqenjini angaphansi kwezindawo ezihamba phambili. Bathanda umswakama ophezulu, kanye nokungabi khona kwe-sanitary fallinging. Emapaki nasezigumbini ezihlelwe kahle azivamile kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Izithelo ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuze kufike isithwathwa sokuqala. Ikhula emagagasi, kuze kufinyelele kathathu ngenkathi ngayinye. Izakhi zezithelo zakhiwe izinsuku ezingu-20, zilandelwa ikhefu elifushane.
Uma isimo sezulu sinamanzi futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphakathi + 10-15 ° C, cishe cishe u-150-200 kg wamakhowe angaqoqwa kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa. Isikhulu "sokuvuna" sitholakala emavikini okuqala kaSepthemba.
Uyazi? I-Mycelium ivutha ebumnyameni eseduze ne-autumn meadow. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwe-angle, ukuzwa kwamanga kudalwe ukuthi i-mycelium iyahamba njalo. I-luminescence enjalo ayitholakali kumakhowa amanga enobuthi.Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
Lona uhlobo lwama-mushroom olumhlaba wonke olulungele ukuthosa, ukubilisa, ukomisa, u-salting, ukukhethisa. 
ENtshonalanga Yurophu, amakhowe abizwa ngokuthi amakhowe adle ngokwemvelo, njengoba izidumbu zezithelo ezinganakiwe zingabangela ubuthi obubi. Emakhowe wezincwadi ezifuywayo ahlale echazwa njengama-mushroom adle kakhulu.
Ama-boletus ajwayelekile
Uhlobo lwe-fungus le-spongy of the genus Leccinium, umndeni wakwaBolettov.
Amanye amagama: Berezovik, Chernogolovik, obabok.
Ukubukeka
Ububanzi izigqoko kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-14 cm. Emakhowe amancane angabonakala ibhola ngendlela ebonakalayo, ekhulile kakhulu ingafana nedome. Isikhumba singaba nombala ohlukile: kusuka ekhanda elimhlophe kuya cishe elimnyama nge-tinge ebomvu. 
Pulp umbala omhlophe. Lapho uxhumana nomoya, umbala awushintshi noma uba pink pink. Kukhona iphunga elimnandi lamakhowe.
Ubude imilenze kusuka ku-8 ukuya ku-15 cm, ubukhulu obukhulu, obukhulu, obunama-cylindrical shape kanye nokunyuka okuncane phansi. Ipeyinti e-gray, kunezilinganiso ezincane ezimnyama.
Ungqimba olubulalayo emakhowe amancane amhlophe, bese ephenduka ekhanda. Isendlalelo siyanwebeka, sihlukaniswe kalula ne-cap.
Indawo yokusabalalisa
Ngokwegama, lolu hlobo lwe-mushroom luya ngokubambisana nezihlahla ze-birch, ngakho-ke litholakala kuphela kulawo mahlathi lapho lesi sihlahla sikhula khona. Kungakha i-mycorrhiza ngisho ne-birch yokuhlobisa noma yokuhlobisa. 
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Isikhathi sokuvuna siqala ngoMeyi, lapho kuvela khona amakhowe okuqala. Izitho zomzimba zifa ngesikhathi sokuqala kwamaqhwa, ngakho ekupheleni kukaSeptemba ukuqoqwa kumile. Ukufuna amaqembu amakhulu ama-boletus kufanele abe emahlathini ahlongozwe kahle asemaphethelweni okufika.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
Ama-mushroom ama-Boletus awadingi ukwelashwa ngaphambili, noma kunjalo, uma isivuno senziwa enhlabathini enesihlabathi, izitho zomzimba eziqoqiwe kufanele zifakwe emanzini amahora amaningana.
I-Boletus iyi-mushroom ehlukahlukene, ngakho-ke ingafakwa okuthosiwe, i-stewed, ibilisiwe, icwecwe, futhi isetshe. Uma unesivuno esihle, khona-ke ungayomisa, kepha kuleli fomu ama-mushroom awafani ngokunambitheka okugcwele, kepha abe nephunga elimnandi. 
Amakhowe akhuphuka ngokushesha, ngokushesha ngemva kokuvuna kudingeka ahlanzwe futhi abiliswe. Ama-boletus okuphekwe angalala esiqandisini amahora angaba ngu-48.
Kubalulekile! Ama-mushroom amaqanda angeke aqhwaqwe, njengoba amaprotheni ephuka ngisho nasezingeni eliphansi lokushisa. Lokhu kuholela ebuhlungu.
Vula obomvu
Ziyizinhlobo ze-Obabok, umndeni wakwaBolettov.
Amagama okunye: Hamba, u-mushroom obomvu, i-krasyuk, i-redheadhead.
Ukubukeka
Ububanzi izigqoko kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-15 cm. I-hemispherical in amakhowe amasha, amaphoyinti emisebe, i-convex ekukhuleni. I-peel inemibala ehlukahlukene ye-shades ebomvu ne-orange. Ingqimba ephezulu ayihlukanisiwe nekhanda. 
Pulp kakhulu inyama, enesisindo futhi enwebekayo. Emzimbeni wezithelo ezivuthiwe, kuncane kakhulu. Ngokwesimhlophe esimhlophe, nokho, ijika ngokushelela ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuxhumana ne-oxygen. Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa kuphenduka umnyama.
Ubude imilenze kusuka ku-5 ukuya ku-15 cm, obukhulu kakhulu, obuqinile. Ngezansi kukhona ukunwetshwa. Isiqu singu-gray ngezikala ezibomvu ezibonakalayo.
Zijwayeze nabamele abajwayele amakhowe ase-aspen, ukuthi bahlukanise kanjani okubomvu okudliwayo, ukuthi bangayibona kanjani i-aspen yamanga.
Ungqimba olubulalayo emhlophe, ehlukaniswe kalula ne-cap. Amakhowe amadala angase abe nomnqumo noma ophuzi. Ubuso bubucayi, buthaka ngokuthinta.
Indawo yokusabalalisa
Lezi zinhlobo zamakhowe ase-aspen zisetshenziselwa kabanzi ngenxa yokuthi, ngokungafani "nabafowethu", izinhlobo ezibomvu zenza i-mycorrhiza hhayi kuphela nge-aspen, kodwa futhi nezinye izihlahla ezinamandla (i-poplar, beech, hornbeam, i-birch). Ikhetha izihlahla ezincane. Emahlathini e-coniferous ayitholakali. 
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Kusungulwa imizimba yezithelo kusuka ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba.
Amakhowe avela "emagagasi" amathathu:
- owokuqala usevikini lokugcina likaJune;
- owesibili - isonto lama-2-3 kaJulayi;
- owesithathu - kusukela emavikini amathathu ka-Agasti kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSeptemba.
Ngo-Okthoba, i-fungus ayitheli kahle; ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuhlangabezana nezidumbu ezilodwa kuphela zezithelo, futhi ezimweni ezingavamile kuphela amaqembu amancane.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
I-Aspen iyi-mushroom ewusizo edlalwayo yesigaba sesibili. Kungenziwa usawoti, okufakwe emathinini, omisiwe, usawoti, othosiwe noma obilisiwe. Emazweni e-CIS, zonke izingxenye zefungus zisetshenzisiwe, futhi eNtshonalanga Yurophu, kusetshenziselwa ama-caps kuphela, ngoba umlenze unzima kakhulu. 
I-Aspen yindawo engcono kakhulu yenyama. Ngesisekelo saso, isobho esiphundu esiphundu siphekiwe, sithosiwe kanye namazambane noma imifino yonyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izakhi zingcono kakhulu lapho zimile, ngakho-ke i-boletus ye-orange-cap isibhekwa njengama-mushroom amahle kakhulu okuvunwa ebusika.
I-ginger yangempela
Kungokwemvelo uMlechnik, umndeni waseSymejka.
Amanye amagama: i-flaxberry ekwindla, i-pine flaxberry, i-mushroom ye-ginger yamnandi.
Ukubukeka
Ububanzi izigqoko kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-18 cm. Emakhowe amancane, umumo ukhonjiswe, ngokuvuthiwe - okuphambene, okufakwe emfantwini. Phakathi nendawo ye-cap kuyisici sokuqeda. I-peel i-orange, kunemibuthano ebumnyama ebomvu. Ubuso bubushelelezi, bukhazimulayo, kumswakama ophezulu buba mnandi. 
Pulp i-orange, enesisindo, lapho uxhumane ne-oksijeni iqala ukuphenduka.
Umlenze i-cylindrical, ebanzi, eqondile, engaphakathi ngaphakathi, inombala ofanayo ne-cap (kwezinye izimo, i-light lighter). Ubude obude kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-7 cm. Amaminithi amancane abonakala phezulu.
Amarekhodi mncane, orange, shintsha umbala ekukhanyeni okuluhlaza uma ucindezelwe.
Esikhathini sokusika kwe-pulp kukhona ijusi elimnandi elimnandi elimnandi, elinephunga elikhanyayo elimnandi. Ukunambitheka kuyamnandi.
Indawo yokusabalalisa
Isakazwa emahlathini ase-coniferous namaxube e-Euresia. Ikhula ngokuyinhloko ngamaqembu ngaphansi kwephayini noma ngesi-spruce. Kunzima ukubona, njengoba ama-mushroom afafaza ngezinaliti eziwile noma zimbozwe nge-moss. 
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Amakhowe avela kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba, kepha ukulimala okukhulu kubonakala ekupheleni kukaJulayi nasekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Izitho zomzimba eziningi zivuthwa ngesonto lokuqala likaSeptemba.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
Lolu hlobo luyisigaba sokuqala. Amakhomikhali avame ukuhlanzwa noma agcoke usawoti ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwangaphambili. Zibuye zenezelwe ezinesobho, amasoso, amasaladi. Amakhowe awafanelekile ukuma. 
Okujwayelekile kuka-Morel
I-mushroom ye-genus yegama elifanayo, umndeni wakwa-Morel.
Igama elihlukile: okungaphezulu okudliwayo.
Ukubukeka
I-Morel ine-non standard isikhwama isimo se-ovoid-conical, esinebubanzi obuyi-3-6 cm nobude obufinyelela ku-7 cm. Umbala ungahluka kusuka ophuzi omnyama ube mnyama. Ubuso bunamathele, bumbozwe ngemifula ejulile nejulile, enesimo esingavamile. Isigqoko sifana nesiponji esikhulu.
Umzimba omhlophe noma ophuzi omncane i-pulpIgoqa kalula. Iphunga alikho.
Umlenze eqondile, obukhulu, ezingenalutho, ngobude kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-7 cm. Emakhowe amancane ayenemibala emhlophe, amakhowe avuthiwe asemnyama noma aphuzi okumnyama. Ihlanganiswe ngama-flakes amancane. 
Ama-spores avuthwe esikhwameni sesithelo, esitholakala phezulu kwefungus.
Indawo yokusabalalisa
Ejwayelekile emazingeni ahlanzekile. Itholakala e-Eurasia, e-Australia, eNyakatho Melika. I-Mycelium ihlanganisa izidumbu eziningana zezithelo, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukuhlangabezana neqoqo elikhulu lama-morels.
Ikhula emahlathini amancane anama-coniferous, noma ahlanganisiwe. Uthande inhlabathi e-alkaline, ecebile nge-lime. Nge-morels, ukukhanya kudlala indima enkulu, ngakho-ke ayikhuli emahlathini asithulu.
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Ezimweni ezifudumele, amakhowe avuthwe ngasekupheleni kukaMarch, kodwa ezimweni ezibandayo, hhayi ngasekuqaleni kuka-May. Izithelo kuze kube phakathi nohlobo. Uma isimo sezulu sishisa futhi siphuthumayo, isikhathi se-fruiting singase sibambezeleke kuze kufike u-Okthoba. 
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
Kuyinto i-mushroom edlalwa ngokomzimba, yodwa kuphela yohlu layo olungabheki abantu. Kudinga ukupheka ngaphambi kwamanzi usawoti okungenani imizuzu engu-15. Kufanelekile ukuma. Uma ama-morels omisiwe, ukwelashwa kokushisa akudingeki.
Imingcele yalungiswa evela eJudienne, okuyinto enhle kakhulu eNtshonalanga Yurophu. I-mushroom ingabuye yengezwe izobho, i-gazinga, i-pickle, i-pickle. Ngokwesiko, kunikwa inyama noma izinhlanzi ezinhlanzi njengengxenye ye-sauce. 
Uyazi? Kukhona uhlobo lwezintuthwane ezinamagatsha ezinamaqabunga asebenzayo ekukhuleni amakhowe amancane. Bondla izidumbu zezithelo, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isikhathi sokuzingela izinambuzane.
Polyporine motley
I-mouth fungus, eyomndeni iPolporovye.
Amagama ahlukile: i-tinder scaly, icwecwe, icwecwe, i-elm.
Ukubukeka
Hat ine-disk shape, asymmetric, ububanzi kuya ku-45 cm. Amaphethelo aphansi. Isikhumba senziwe nge-shades of yellow and orange, kukhona iphethini, okungukuthi ama-flakes amancane amnyama.
Pulp mhlophe Amakhowe amancane athambile, kulula ukuwohloka. Ezindala zomzimba izithelo "injoloba", kakhulu kakhulu. Iqukethe iphunga elimnandi elimnandi. 
Umlenze cishe engabonakali. Iba nobude obuvela ku-2 kuya ku-10 cm nobunzima obufinyelela ku-4 cm. Okunamandla kakhulu, okudwetshwe ngombala obomvu obala. Esigodini sibunundu.
Ungqimba olubulalayo ezinemibala eluhlaza. Kunamaseli amakhulu.
Indawo yokusabalalisa
Zitholakala endaweni enomoya e-Europe nase-Asia. Izidakamizwa ezihlahleni ezibuthakathaka: kokubili ezindala nezincane. Emahlathini e-coniferous akhule.
I-polypore ayibophekile emhlabathini, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba "abe nesisulu" - isihlahla esibuthakathaka, lapho i-fungus ibangela ukubukeka okuphuzi noma okubomvu ukubola. Ungakhula engadini bese upaka izihlahla.
Isikhathi sokuqoqa
Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, ukuqoqwa kungenziwa kusukela entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Ezimweni ezibandayo tindergum iveza izithelo kuphela entwasahlobo. 
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
I-Polyporothora motley iyi-mushroom edlalwa ngokomzimba; ngakho-ke, kufanele ibiliswe kusengaphambili ngokushintshwa kwamanzi. Kuphela izidumbu ezincane zokuvunwa zivuna futhi zidliwe, ngoba omdala abagcini nje kuphela, kepha bangabangela ubuthi obubi. Kubangelwa ukuthi ama-mushroom amadala adinga ukupheka isikhathi eside, futhi umkhiqizo ongenakusihlwa uyingozi.
Ngemuva kokwelashwa kokuqala kokushisa, i-fungus ingamakheka, ibilisiwe, ifakwe usawoti, icwecwe. Ukusuka kuyo yenza ukugcwalisa okumnandi kwamapayipi.
Kubalulekile! Masinyane emva kokuqoqa amakhowe udinga ukuvuza amahora angu-12, uguqula amanzi njalo.
Inedible, amakhowe anobuthi
Cabanga ngesikhunta esivuthiwe esinobuthakathaka, esingaba yingozi ngisho nakwezinye izilinganiso ezincane.
I-grebe yama-Pale
I-mushroom enobuthi kunazo zonke emhlabeni, eyingxenye yegama elifanayo. 
Amanye amagama: i-fly fly agaric, i-white flying agaric.
Ukubukeka
Ububanzi izigqoko 5-15 cm. Ubuso budwetshwe ngombala omnqumo okhanyayo. Izidumbu ezincane zezithelo ziyizinyosi, zivuthiwe - zihlala phansi.
Pulp ama-toadstools amhlophe, anempilo. Ukuxhumana nombala womoya akuguquki. It has an odumala iphunga iphunga.
Ubude imilenze 8-15 cm, iqondile, isimo se-cylindrical. Esigabeni kukhona ukuqina, ngesimo esifana neqanda.Umbala ubumhlophe, kukhona iphethini ebonakalayo ephuzi. Amarekhodi ezithambile, ezimhlophe.
Hlanganisa mahhala, emhlophe, kancane kancane emanzini. Ububanzi abudluli 6 cm. 
Spread
I-Pale grebe ikhula kuphela eduze kwezihlahla ezenza i-mycorrhiza. Ungamhlangabeza ngaphansi kwe-oak, beech, hazel. Uthanda inhlabathi evundile, evundiwe kahle, kanye nezindawo ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo.
Itholakala endaweni ehamba kahle yaseYurophu, e-Asia naseNyakatho Melika. Kuqala imizimba yezithelo ngo-Agasti-Okthoba.
I-bast slate ephuzi
Isikhunta esinobuthi esivela eStrofarievyh yomndeni.
Awekho amagama ahlukile.
Ukubukeka
Ububanzi izigqoko kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-7 cm. Ifomu lihlotshwe ngebell, liguqe ku-fungi elidala. Hlunga umbala ompunga-ophuzi, eduze nesikhungo kunendawo epholile. 
Pulp unemibala ephuzi. Uma uxhumane nomoya, umbala awushintshi. Iphunga alijabulisi.
Umlenze eside futhi encane kakhulu, kuze kube ngu-10 cm ubude. Ngaphakathi kuyinto engcolile, ephuzi ephuziwe.
LPs okuhambisana nesitshalo, njalo, ophuzi omnyama. In fungi endala ibe mnyama.
Spread
Le mushroom enobuthi iyondla izinkuni ezifile noma ezibola, ngakho-ke kuyinto engavamile kakhulu endaweni ye-steppe. Amaqembu amakhulu akhule emahlathini e-coniferous. Ukusabalaliswa endaweni ehamba phambili ye-Eurasia.
Izidumbu zezithelo zivela ekupheleni kukaMeyi, futhi ziyanyamalala emaqandeni okuqala. 
Kubalulekile! Umthunzi wamanga ubangela ukuhlanza kubantu, okwathi ngemva kwalokho kukhona ukulahleka kokuqonda.
Amanita obomvu
Izinhlobo ze-fungi ezitholakala kakhulu emhlabeni, ezomndeni wakwa-Amanitovye.
Elinye igama: Amanita.
Ukubukeka
Usayizi wesilinganiso izigqoko 10-12 cm. Amakhowe amasha, i-cap is spherical, ekuvuthweni kufana ne disk. Amapopu amakhowe amadala angaba yi-concave. Le ikhasi libomvu ngezikali ezinkulu ezimhlophe.
Pulp umhlophe, unephunga elimnandi. 
Ubude imilenze 10-14 cm. Amakhowe amancane avulekile, avulekile - angenalutho. Inomumo wesigxili ngokuqina kwesisekelo (esitholakala emhlabathini). Idwezwe ngokukhanya okuluhlaza.
Amarekhodi okuxekethile, ukhilimu ombala.
Engxenyeni engenhla yomlenze kukhona indwangu ebomvu enombala enemiphetho enogwaja.
Spread
I-red fly agaric ikhula eduze kwesihlahla sase-spruce noma i-birch, njengoba idala i-mycorrhiza nalezi zihlahla. Itholakala endaweni enesimo seNyakatho yeNyakatho ngenhlabathi enomsoco.
Amakhowe akhula kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba. 
Unobuthi
Umndeni waseMushroom u-Ryadovkovye.
Amanye amagama: i-ryadovka tiger, i-ryadovka ingwe.
Ukubukeka
Hat Iqukethe isimo esingajwayelekile esingokwemibono noma isakhiwo esingaphansi. I-diameter kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-10 cm. Isikhumba senziwe igrey. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ungabona amakhowe ane-bluish tinge ye-cap. Imibuthano ekhonjiwe yama-flakes amancane amnyama amnyama aphezulu.
Pulp esinyene, ephuzi phansi kwefungus, futhi eseduze nesikhumba - greyish. Iphunga lefulawa, njengamakhowe adlekayo.
Ubude obuphakathi imilenze 5-6 cm, elikhulu, elingenalutho, elimhlophe. Leli fomu liyi-cylindrical nge-thickening elincane phansi. 
Amarekhodi ezimhlophe, ezingavamile, ezikhulile, zingaba ne-tint eluhlaza noma ephuzi.
Spread
Uhlobo oluthile olungavamile lwama-mushroom olutholakala kuphela eNyakatho Yezwe Elisha endaweni epholile. I-symbiosis ne-coniferous izitshalo, noma kunjalo, itholakala emahlathini amancane, kodwa kancane kancane. Awubekezeli inhlabathi e-acidic.
Isikhathi sokuhluma - ngo-Agasti-Okthoba. 
Amathiphu awusizo
Uma uya "ukuzingela okuthulile", cishe uzodinga amathiphu ethu:
- Uma ungenayo i-100% isiqiniseko sokuthi kukhona i-mushroom edliwayo phambi kwakho, ungayithathi.
- Iqoqo lenziwa kahle ekuseni. Kufanele athuthele ukuze ilanga lihlale lilandela. Lokhu kuzovumela umbono ongcono wengxenye ehlolwe.
- Uma kunotshani obude ehlathini, ke kulula ukubuka amakhowe ngosizo lomthamo wamamitha, ekupheleni kwalo mkhonto.
- Wonke amakhowe kumele anqunywe ngomlenze ukuze akwazi ukubona futhi asuse i-toadstool noma enye i-fungus enobuthi enezingubo zokulala.
- Uma uqoqa amakhowe ukuze ukomise noma ulondolozwe, bese ukhetha izidumbu ezincane ezitholakalayo.
- Ungasebenzisi izitsha zokugcoba noma ze-aluminium zokuqoqa nokufaka amakhowe.
- Ungathathi amakhowe akufanele atholakale endaweni. Isibonelo, i-boletus ye-orange-cap ngeke ikhule ehlathini le-pine, ngokulandelana, ingaba "umuntu" onesihlungu.
- Sula lokho okuqoqayo. Amakhowe adlayo akasoze anuka futhi angapheli ukubola. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuyona indlela engamaphesenti angu-100 okukhomba izidumbu ezinobuthi ezinobuthi, njengoba ezinye zazo zinephunga elingathathi hlangothi noma elimnandi.
Ukukhethwa kwamasimu kuyisenzo esithakazelisayo nesithakazelisayo, kodwa kufanele ukhumbule njalo ukuthi awukwazi ukwenza amaphutha kulokhu. Khumbula ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zamakhowe zingashintsha umbala ngenxa yokuthi "ukucibisa" noma ithonya kwezinye izici.
