UMuraiya: amathiphu wokunakekela umuthi ongaziwa ngawo efasiteleni

IMuraiya akuyona nje umhlobiso obonakalayo wangaphakathi, kepha futhi isitshalo esiwusizo kakhulu. Noma yimuphi umhlwanyeli wasekhaya angatshala lesi sihlahla esingajwayelekile, esiqhakaza kakhulu nezithelo ekhaya. Ukuyinakekela ekhaya akunzima. "Ibhonasi" eyengeziwe iphunga elimnandi lezimbali-ezisawolintshi eligcwalisa igumbi ngesikhathi sezimbali ze-murraya.

Ukubukeka nezinye izici zesimo se-murraya

UMurraya (kwesinye isikhathi isipelingi "uMuraya" uyatholakala) luhlobo oluncane lwe-perennials ehlala ihlala emndenini wakwaRutaceae. Okwamanje, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, kukhona kusuka kwabangu-8 kuye kwabangu-12 abameleli bayo. Izitshalo zibukeka njengezihlahlana noma izihlahla ezincane ezihlanzekile.

Njengoba uMurraya aqanjwa ngomunye wabafundi besazi esidumile saseSweden uKarl Linnaeus, uJuhan Andreas Murray (Murray), ngokubona nge-etymological, bekungaba okulungile kakhulu ukuyibiza ngoMurray. Kepha ngasizathu simbe le ndlela ayitholanga ukuhanjiswa, kungaba ezincwadini eziqeqeshiwe noma empilweni yansuku zonke.

UJohan Andreas Murray, ekuhlonipheni kwakhe uthole igama elithi Murraya - omunye wabafundi odume kakhulu kaCarl Linnaeus

IMurraya itholakala ngokwemvelo eNdiya, Southeast Asia, eziqhingini ezixhuma leli lizwekazi ne-Australia. Umuthi ufinyelela ukuphakama okungu-2-5 m, ekhaya - 0.8-1.5 m.

Emvelweni, i-murraya isihlahla esihle noma isihlahla.

UMurraya uhlobisa kakhulu nganoma uluphi uhlobo. Amahlumela amahle futhi akhilimu ambozwe ngezinwele ezacile zesiliva-grey, namaqabunga aluhlaza acwebezelayo aluhlaza, nezimbali ezimhlophe qhwa, kusabalalisa iphunga elimangalisa nezithelo ezibomvu ezimnyama, ziqhathanisa ngempumelelo namahlamvu. Futhi konke lokhu kungabonwa ngasikhathi sinye. AmaMurraya akha ama-buds acishe angayeki, izimbali ziyaqhakaza futhi ziwe kuwo, amajikijolo avuthwe.

Esihlahleni saseMurraya, ama-buds, izimbali nezithelo zingabonakala ngasikhathi sinye.

Amacembe amaMurraya ayinkimbinkimbi, ahlanganiswe nezingxenye ezingama-5-7 lanceolate noma i-ellipsoidal. AmaBotanists abiza le ndlela yepinnate engakhokhelwa. Emaphethelweni eshidi ahlanganisiwe kancane.

Amaqabunga amaMurraya wesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, ama-botanists awubiza nge-pinnate

Izithelo zikaMurraya ziphilile kakhulu. Izici zawo tonic ziyafana nalezo Chinese Schisandra amajikijolo. Ukunambitheka kwalo muthi kumnandi impela, kumnandi futhi kumuncu. Izithelo ziqinisa ukungatheleleki, zinomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo nomsebenzi wobuchopho, zandisa ubusha, ziyi-analgesic enhle, zandisa ukusebenza kahle futhi zisiza ukukhulula izinsalela zomzimba ezifihliwe. Ngokwesayensi kufakazelwe umphumela wabo omuhle lapho kukhona izifo zenhliziyo ezi-coronary, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Kodwa ungasebenzisi kabi - vele udle amajikijolo angama-3-5 ngosuku.

Izithelo zaseMurraya - tonic ephumelelayo kanye nokuvuselela

Ngokwenkolelo-ze ebanzi, uMurraya kuphela, okhula ngokuzimela nangothando, onezinto zokwelapha.

Isintu sazi izinzuzo zezithelo zikaMurray isikhathi eside kakhulu. Bagcinwa ekusithekeni okuqine kakhulu ababusi baseJapan. Ngokwenganekwane, omunye wabo, olele embhedeni wakhe wokufa, isihlahla, esime nje eceleni kwaso, asisizanga nje kuphela ukululama, kodwa futhi nokuthola indlalifa esemdala kakhulu. UMurraya wayengahloselwe abantu nje - ukuba khona kwayo engadini yangasese kwakusho ukubulawa. Ngisho nomlimi wegadi u-Edo Famaguchi, owethule ubuciko be-ikebana, akazange abaleke kulokhu kufikelwa yithemba.

IMurraya isetshenziswa kabanzi eJapan ukwenza i-bonsai

Lesi sitshalo sahlonishwa kakhulu imipharao yasendulo yaseGibhithe, abapristi abalungiselela ukumiliselwa kuyo amaqabunga, abizwa nge- "elixir of life." Ngaphambi kwezimpi ezinqumayo, amajikijolo adliwa ngu-Alexander the Great noGenghis Khan. Phakathi kwezempi ezijwayelekile, bekubhekwa njengempumelelo enkulu ukuba nezithelo ezimbalwa kanye nazo, okuthiwa zithathe imicibisholo nezinye izikhali kumuntu.

Izimbali zeMurraya zimhlophe qhwa, zimhlophe njenge-asterisks noma iminduze enobubanzi obungu-cm cm. Iphunga labo elinothile lifana nephunga lewolintshi, iminduze yesigodi noma i-lilac. Ngaphezu kokujabulisa umuzwa wokuhogela, kuthinta kahle i-bronchi namaphaphu, kuvumele ukulala, kunciphise ukukhathazeka nokukhathala, kunciphise ama-migraines, futhi kunciphise isimo sokuxhomekeka kwesimo sezulu.

Izimbali ezimbalwa ze-murraya zanele ukugcwalisa igumbi ngephunga elimnandi

Ama-buds akha izitshalo ezinezinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela ubudala. Eminyakeni engu-2-3, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-murraya inamachaphaza ama-inflorescence cishe ngokuphelele. Ezihlahleni kuze kufinyelele kulonyaka, kunconywa ukuzikhipha ukuze isitshalo singachithi amandla kuzo. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla, ezimweni ezinhle ziphindwa kabili ngonyaka.

Ngisho nama-murrayas amancane kakhulu angakha ama-buds

Ngemuva kwalokho, ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza komtshali (isitshalo sokuzenzisa -), amajikijolo anesilinganiso esingamasentimitha ayi-2. Ukufinyelela ekuvuthweni okugcwele, azodinga izinyanga eziyi-3.5-4. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zinombala ocebile kakhulu, irubhu noma ihalananda.

Ukuhlanganiswa okwengeziwe kukaMurray yikhono lokuzakhela umqhele ngokuzimela. Umuthi empeleni awudingi ukugawulwa. Kungaba futhi nokubala amandla ayo - ngokushesha nje lapho inani elanele lama-buds lakhiwa, ukukhula kwamahlumela kuye kuphela.

Amahlamvu eMurraya nawo ayasetshenziswa. ENdiya naseSri Lanka, asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni, imvamisa kakhulu ukulungiselela uwoyela onephunga futhi njengengxenye ebalulekile yesithako esidume umhlaba wonke. Ukunambitheka kwabo kufana ne-laurel, i-sage ne-parsley, kanti isimilo se-pepper ebomvu sinomthelela omuhle ekudla.

Ividiyo: i-murraya ibukeka kanjani

Ukubukwa okudumile ngabalimi be-amateur

Kusuka emndenini omncane osele, izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela ezivumelaniswa nezimo zasekhaya. Imvamisa etholakala ezitolo, okubizwa ngeDutch Murraya akuyona inhlobo ehlukile, kepha kuyinkomba yezwe lapho kuvela khona lesi sibonelo. Ngendlela, abatshali bezimbali abanokuhlangenwe nakho abakukhuthazi ukuthenga izitshalo ezinjalo - banesimo seqabunga esijabulisayo, kepha izimbali kufanele zilinde iminyaka engama-4-5, nezithelo zinganqikazi ukusetha.

UMurraya Koenig (koenigii), umnyama. Emvelweni, ukhula aze afike ku-3-6 m ukuphakama. Amaqabunga ayakhuphuka, amapuleti ngamanye ahlelwe ngababili. Sekukonke, kunamabhangqa ayi-11 kuya ku-11. Izimbali zinombala omhlophe qhwa noma ukhilimu, omncane (1-1,5 cm ubukhulu). Isitshalo saziwa ngokuthi izithelo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Zidliwe, azifani nembewu enobuthi. Kunelinye igama elidumile - "isihlahla se-curry". Ngaleli gama kungenxa yokungazi kwabaphathi bamakoloni baseBrithani. NgesiTamil (ulimi lwabomdabu baseSri Lanka), lesi sihlahla sabizwa nge- "karivepalai". Banciphise ku- "kari" futhi bahlobanisa nokugcotshwa okudumile, lapho uMurraya Koenig, empeleni, engenakwenza lutho.
I-Murraya paniculata (paniculata), nayo iyi-exotic (exotica) noma yaphesheya. Kunamagama amaningi angekho emthethweni - "Myrtle waseJapan", "owolintshi" noma "jasmine we-orange." Ukuphakama kwesitshalo emvelweni kungama-2-3 m, ekuthunjweni - ku-0.7-1.5 m. Akufani ngesilinganiso sokukhula, senezela ama-4-5 cm ngonyaka.Ixolo ligqunywe futhi lifana ngokuqinile nemabula. Iziqu zincanyana impela, ngakho-ke zidinga ukwesekwa, ikakhulukazi uma zigobeka ngaphansi kwesisindo sama-inflorescences nezithelo. Amacembe aluhlaza acwebezelayo amnyama elangeni atholakala nge-bronze-golide, afaka umbala omhlophe wezimbali. Ngayinye inamapheshana angama-3-5 ahlukene. Ama-buds akhiwa cishe unyaka wonke ngekhefu lezinyanga ezingama-2-3 (Novemba-Januwari). Izimbali ezinobubanzi obungu-3-5 cm zinephunga elimnandi eliqine kakhulu - zivame ukuhlobisa amathempeli, abesifazane abashadile, bazifake ezinweleni zabo noma bafake imigexo engu “bukhoma”. Izithelo zombala we-ruby, ezinobubanzi obuyi-2-3 cm, ziyadliwa. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi emithini yendabuko. Ngamunye unezimbewu ezimbili. UMurraya paniculata akafunwa kangako ekunakekelweni kunoMurraya Koenig.
Murraya mfishane (nana). Izinhlobo zemvelo ze-murraya ezishaqekile. Ukuphakama okuphezulu kungama-0.5 m. Isitshalo esisha siqala ukuqhakaza izinyanga eziyisithupha ngemuva kokukhula kwezimpawu, sifinyelela ukuphakama okungu-4-5 cm.

Igalari yezithombe: Izinhlobo zeMurraya ezikhulwe ekhaya

: Kukhona indawo ye-murraya emfushane ngisho nasekamelweni elincane

: Murraya umfushane - hybrid yemvelo yemvelo

: IMurraya paniculata, lapho isimo sezulu sivuma khona, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni komhlaba

: Izimbali zikaMurraya paniculata zisakaza iphunga elimangalisayo

: I-Murraya paniculata isetshenziswa kabanzi emithini yabomdabu, izinzuzo zabo ziyaqashelwa futhi ngokusemthethweni

: UMurraya König unamaqabunga amakhulu kunalokho

: Izimbali zeMurraya Koenig zincane impela, ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence aqonde ngesimo sesihlangu

: Igama lesidlaliso "elimnyama" uMurraya König likweleta umbala wamajikijolo

Ungayakha kanjani i-microclimate efanelekile yesitshalo

UMurraya ungowokudabuka emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo. Ekhaya, udinga ukuzama ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka ukukhiqiza kabusha i-microclimate ejwayelekile. Lokhu kuyisihluthulelo senhlala-kahle nokuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi.

Ithebula: izimo ezifanele zokukhulisa iMurray

I-Factor	Izincomo
Indawo	Iwindi elibheke entshonalanga noma empumalanga. Ehlobo, imbiza iyiswa engadini noma kuvulandi evulekile, ivikelwe elangeni, emoyeni nasemvuleni, ebusika zihlanzwa kude nama-radiator asebenzayo nakweminye imishini yokushisa. Isitshalo sithanda umoya omusha, kepha asizukubekezelela okwenziwe ngamakhaza. Ukwenza umqhele ucoceke futhi ungabi “ugoqwe”, jikelezisa ibhodwe ngokuzungeza i-axis yakho, ugcine ukuqondisa.
Isibani	Isibani esikhanyayo. Isitshalo sifundiswa izimo ezintsha kancane kancane. Ebusika, ukuvezwa okwengeziwe kuzodingeka ukunweba amahora okukhanya kosuku kuya emahoreni ayi-12-16. Ungasebenzisa zombili luminescent ezivamile nama-phytolamp akhethekile.
Ukushisa	Ngenkathi yezitshalo ezisebenzayo - 24-26ºС. Lapho uMurraya ephumula - 15-18ºС. Ubuncane obubucayi buyi-12ºС. Ukushisa okuphansi kuthinta kabi amaqabunga. Okungafuneki kanye nezinguquko zayo ezibukhali.
Umswakama womoya	The ephakeme ngcono. Ubuncane obudingekayo yi-70%. Ekushiseni, isitshalo esingaqhakaza izimbali sifafazwa izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku ngosuku kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza. Uma kunezimbali, ungabeka iziqukathi ezibanzi ngamanzi eduze kwembiza, ubeke ubumba olunwebekile olumanzi, i-moss-sphagnum, isikhukhamba sikakhukhunathi epanini.

Qiniseka ukubeka i-murraya efasiteleni, ukuntuleka kokukhanya kuzoholela ekuntuleni kokuqhakaza

Inqubo Yokutshala Nokudlulisa

I-Murray engaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu idinga ukufakelwa konyaka, ke - njengoba kunesidingo, cishe njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3. Lapho isitshalo sifinyelela usayizi omkhulu kangangokuba kudingeka uxazululwe kubha enkulu, ukufakelwa kuba yinkinga noma kungenzeki ngokwenyama. Kulesi simo, i-cm eyi-5-10 cm yangaphansi kwesisekelo isuswa njalo entwasahlobo bese ithathelwa inhlabathi entsha.

Ububanzi besitsha bukhuphuka kancane isikhathi ngasinye, ngo-1-2 cm, ngoba isilinganiso sokukhula kweMurraya sehlukile. Ngokuqondene nenhlabathi, ingxube yesitolo yama-citruse ilungile impela, kodwa ungayipheka ngokwakho. Izidingo eziyinhloko zesitshalo emhlabathini zingukukhanya, ukuthatheka kanye nokusabela okuncane kwe-asidi.

Ukuze kutshalwe i-murraya, inhlabathi yesitolo yezithelo zezitrus ifanelekile impela.

Turf evundile, umhlaba onamaqabunga, isihlabathi somfula ophelele, i-humus noma umquba obolile (2: 2: 2: 1). Uma ingxube ilungiselelwe izitshalo ezincane, i-vermiculite, i-perlite, i-moss-sphagnum noma i-coconut fiber (kuze kufike ku-10% wevolumu ephelele) yengezwe kuyo. Omncane i-murraya, kuyodingeka kakhulu i-powder baking.
Inhlabathi ye-cacti kanye ne-anculents, i-peat crumb, humus (3: 1: 2).

Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi kokufakelwa ngokwalo. Basebenzisa indlela yokudlulisela, balondoloze inqwaba yodaka ngangokunokwenzeka. Kuzoba lula ukukhipha lesi sitshalo ebhodweni elidala uma siniselwa ngokuphelele imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-40 ngaphambi kokufakelwa. Ungakhohlwa nge-drainage, okufanele igcwalise okungenani ikota yevolumu yebhodwe. Idinga ukumbozwa nge-substrate entsha, beka isigaxa sobumba ngaphezulu bese ufaka inhlabathi emaphethelweni. Nakekela ukuthi ungawujuli intamo yezimpande.

Ukudluliselwa kweMurraya kwenziwa ngendlela yokudluliselwa kwengqondo

I-murraya etshalwe kabusha iniselwa ngokulinganayo futhi ithunyelwa izinsuku ezingama-5-7 emthunzini oyingxenye. Ngemuva kwalokho babuyela endaweni yabo ejwayelekile banakekele, njengenjwayelo. Ukufaka umquba kabusha emavikini angama-4-6 ngemuva kwenqubo.

Ividiyo: ungatshala kanjani uMurraya

Ukunakekelwa Okufanele kweMurraya Ekhaya

Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwe-murraya ekhaya kuyisihluthulelo sokuqhakaza okugcwele nokuhlala isikhathi eside. Awudingi ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi kulokhu - lesi sitshalo sidinga ukunisela ngesikhathi esifanele kuphela, ukugqoka okunekhono kanye nokwehla okushisa okuncane ukuze "uphumule" ebusika.

Ukunisela

Ngenkathi yezitshalo ezisebenzayo, uMurraya udinga ukunisela okuqabukela kodwa kube maningi. Uma ugcina amanzi kuwo, lezo zimpande ezingamukelanga zizomane zife. Inhlabathi phakathi kwezinqubo kufanele yomiswe, kodwa hhayi ngokuphelele, cishe ngo-2/3 wokujula kwembiza.

UMurraya uphendula ngokubonga ngokufafaza, ungavusa umswakama nangezinye izindlela

UMurraya empeleni akayithandi i-substrate enamanzi futhi ene-acidifying. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukukhohlwa ukunisela umuthi kunokuba usenze kabili.

Amanzi asetshenziswa kuphela athambile, afudunyezwa ukufudumeza igumbi. Ifakwa emabheleni, ihlungiwe noma inciphile. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, yima noma ubilise empompini. Ukuze ulondoloze ibhalansi yenhlabathi oyifunayo, engeza i-asidi noma ujusi omncane, uviniga we-apple cider (amagremu ambalwa noma uphonsa ngama-10 l) kuyo.

Isicelo somanyolo

KwaMurray, ama-fertiliser amaminerali ayinkimbinkimbi ezitshalo zezimbali zasendlini noma amalungiselelo akhethekile e-bonsai afanelekile. Qiniseka ukuthi unaka ukwakheka - isitshalo ngokwako asikubekezeleli i-chlorine. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa cishe isigamu sehora ngemuva kokunisela, mhlawumbe kusihlwa.

Lapho ukhetha umanyolo we-murraya, qiniseka ukutadisha ukwakheka - umkhiqizo akufanele ube ne-chlorine

Inqubo eyodwa ngezinsuku eziyi-15-20 yanele. Ukweqa isitshalo ngokweqile kuyinto engathandeki. Kulokhu, kuzoqondisa yonke imizamo yokwakha isisindo esiluhlaza, futhi kuzoba nezimbali ezimbalwa kakhulu.

Ungawasebenzisa amanye umanyolo wamaminerali kanye nezinto eziphilayo zemvelo - ngokwesibonelo, ukumiliselwa kokuphonswa kwezinyoni okusha, umquba wezinkomo, amakhasi webhanana. Umkhiqizo ophelile kufanele ujutshwe namanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 20 (ilitha) noma le-1: 15.

UMurraya uthambekele kakhulu kwi-chlorosis. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela, amalungiselelo aqukethe i-iron chelate ayengezwa kwikhambi lomanyolo (isibonelo, i-Orton, iMicro-Fe). Noma ungavele ungcwabe izipikili ezimbalwa ezigqwala ebhodweni lapho ufakelwa.

Ividiyo: Ama-Nuances Abalulekile Wokunakekelwa Kwezitshalo

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Izihlahla

UMurraya akadingi ukuthenwa okwakhayo. Amagatsha afingqiwe kuphela ngokuba "yi-bushness" enkulu, ukukhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-bud nokunikeza isitshalo ukubukeka okuhle. Vele, lokhu akusebenzi kulezo zibalo okwakhiwa ngalo i-bonsai.

UMurraya uthungwa ikakhulukazi ukuze enze ihlathi libukeke lihle.

Njalo ngonyaka ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yezitshalo ezisebenzayo, wonke amahlumela afinyezwa okwesithathu, okude kakhulu - ngesigamu. Amagatsha akhiwe ngokungaphumeleli, aqondiswe phansi noma ekujuleni komqhele, anqunywa aze akhule.

Izimbali

Ukuntuleka kwezimbali nokwakheka kwezithelo zikaMurraya kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nomswakama ophansi egumbini. Emoyeni owomile, impova iba oyinyumba.

Ukuqhakaza kukaMurraya kuwuphawu olucacile lokuthi lesi sitshalo sinelisekile ngemibandela yokulungiswa nokunakekelwa

Ezimweni ezinhle, iMurraya iyaqhakaza futhi ithela izithelo cishe unyaka wonke. Imbali ngayinye ihlala isikhathi esifushane (ihlala izinsuku ezi-1-2), kepha entsha ivezwa njalo.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

UMurraya akanaso isikhathi sokuphumula esivezwe kahle. Kepha usadinga ukuphumula futhi athole amandla. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ngoNovemba kuya ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, lesi sitshalo siniselwa kakhulu ngokulinganayo futhi singondli nhlobo. Izidingo zokukhanyisa azishintshi. I-murrayae ebusika ibheka indawo ekhanyayo. Ungayibeka efasiteleni eliseningizimu ukuze amaqabunga angathinti ingilazi ebandayo. Kudingeka ngokwedlule ukukhanyiselwa emuva ukuze kudale amahora omhla wesikhathi esifunekayo.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile omtshali wokuqalisa

UMurraya akahambisani nobunzima obuthile kumlimi. Ingahambisa okuningi ngaphandle kokulahleka kokuhlobisa, kepha ibuhlungu kakhulu ukomisa umoya nokushisa okukhulu. Isibonakaliso sokuqala esibonisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo aseneliseki ngemibandela yokulungiswa kanye / noma ukunakekelwa - ukuwa noma ukulahleka kwamahlamvu nokuqhekeka okuningi "kwamaqabunga".

Ithebula: Amahlamvu aphenduka aphuzi, omile, awele nokunye ukusabela kukaMurraya ekunakekelweni okungafanele

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani isitshalo?	Siyini isizathu?
Amahlamvu ayawa, angaphenduki ophuzi.	Ukushoda kokukhanya.
Amahlamvu aphenduka aphuzi futhi awe, amathiphu awomile. Ama-buds nawo ayawa.	Umswakama ophansi kakhulu Ikakhulu ngokuhlanganiswa nokushisa komgwaqo.
Ishiya ezindaweni ziphenduka ophuzi, abe-nickel.	Ukushisa okuphansi kakhulu. Noma isitshalo simile kokubhaliwe okubandayo.
Amabala angaguquki noma angenamibala wesimo esingajwayelekile emaqabungeni. Lapho-ke lezi iziqeshana zendwangu zome.	Ukushiswa yilanga. Imvamisa umuntu oveza izimbali ngokwakheka ngalokhu, ngoba eshiye isitshalo esifuhliwe elangeni. Amaconsi amanzi adlala indima yamalensi agxile kwimisebe.
Izisekelo ezimnyama zokuqhuma futhi amahlumela amaqabunga.	Kuqala ukuvela. Isizathu ukugcwala kwamanzi kwenhlabathi njalo ngokuhambisana lokushisa eliphansi.

UMurray ushiya womile ngokungagculiseki komswakama kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi

Izifo nezinambuzane ezithinta imbali

UMurraya uhlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane. I-Fungal (okokuqala, zonke izinhlobo zokubola) ngokuvimbela okufanele ingagwenywa. Kepha usengozini enkulu yokuthola i-chlorosis. Ungakhohlwa yizinambuzane ezinambuzelayo, yize zinaka kakhulu i-murraya njalo.

Noma yisiphi isifo kulula ukusivimba kunokwelapha. Iqoqo lezindlela ezilula zokuvimbela izosiza ukunciphisa ubungozi besikhunta nezinambuzane eziyingozi:

zonke izitshalo ezisanda kutholwa kufanele zahlukaniswe yodwa inyanga;
hlola njalo izilwane zakho ezifuywayo (ungasebenzisa ngisho nengilazi ekhulisayo) futhi uhlukanise nezinsizwa ezisetshenziswayo ezilimele ezimpawu zokuqala ezethusayo;
beka izingcezu zezimbali ezisikiwe kanye nezindlu ezihlala endlini ngokuhlukana ngangokunokwenzeka, kahle emakamelweni ahlukene (ikakhulukazi ama-roses nama-chrysanthemums);
vela igumbi njalo, uthuli lushiye okungenani kanye ngesonto;
fafaza iMurraya nsuku zonke futhi wandise umswakama womoya ngezinye izindlela ezitholakalayo;
Sebenzisa amabhodwe ahlanzekile kuphela, amalulimi okuhlanza kanye namathuluzi;
landela izincomo zokunakekela isitshalo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlobene nokunisela nokugqoka okungaphezulu;
fafaza amahlamvu ezinhlangothini zombili ngesibani se-quartz imizuzu engama-2-3 isonto ngalinye.

Ithebula: yiziphi izifo nezinambuzane ezisongela i-murraya

Isifo noma inkathazo	Ukuboniswa kwangaphandle	Izindlela zokulawula
Ukubola kwezimpande	Izisekelo ezimnyama zokuqhuma kanye nama-petioles, amabala ansundu amnyama emaqabungeni, isikhunta phezu kwenhlabathi, iphunga elingathandeki lokufaka.	Nquma wonke amaqabunga namahlumela, noma ngomonakalo omncane, kuya izicubu ezinempilo. Fafaza "amanxeba" nge-chalk echotshoziwe, i-carbon eyenziwe yasebenza, isinamoni. Susa isitshalo ebhodweni, uhlole izimpande, unqume wonke amnyama, uwafake amahora ama-2-3 kusisombululo esikhanyayo se-pink of potanganum permanganate noma i-1% m - noma yisiphi isikhunta (HOM, Skor, Abiga-Peak). Dlulisela isitshalo ebhodweni elihlanzekile, siguqule ngokuphelele inhlabathi ukuze isashelwe amagciwane. Faka i-Alirin-B, i-Gliokladin enhlabathini. Ezinyangeni ezi-2-3, unisele ngesisombululo esingu-0.5% se-Previkur, iBaikal-EM, i-Maxim esikhundleni samanzi ajwayelekile.
I-Chlorosis	Amaqabunga aphuzi ancipha ngosayizi bese anqenqema nxazonke emaphethelweni (imithambo ihlala iluhlaza), omisa ukuqhuma kwawo nezihloko zezihlumela.	Nisela izitshalo kuphela ngamanzi acidified. Fafaza amaqabunga amahlandla ama-2-3 ngesisombululo sanoma yisiphi isidakamizwa esiqukethe i-iron chelate - Ferovit, Ferrilen, Antichlorosis. Uma kungekho mphumela, dlulisela lesi sitshalo ngokumba izimbambo ezimbalwa zokugqwala emhlabathini.
Isikhala sesicabucabu	Amathubhu amancane aminyene, ama-petioles acwebezelayo nezisekelo zokudubula, amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngemuva kweqabunga.	Sula isitshalo ngotshwala noma enye i-tinication e-alcohol ekhiqiza utshwala. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-15-20, geza eshishini. Thela kakhulu bese ufafaza i-murraya, indawo yezinsuku ezingama-2-3 ngaphansi kwesikhwama sepulasitiki. Uma kungekho umphumela, sebenzisa ama-acaricides - i-Vermitek, i-Agravertin, i-Apollo, i-Neoron (izikhathi ezi-3-4 zokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyi-7-12, ezishintsha izidakamizwa).
Isihlangu	Amabhlogo ayindilinga anombala onsundu ngombala kulesi sitshalo, akhula ngokushesha ngevolumu, nezicubu zomuntu obomvu obomvana obomvu obazungezile.	Faka iparafini, i-turpentine, uwoyela womshini kumagobolondo ezinambuzane ezibonakalayo. Ngemuva kwamahora angama-2-3, khipha isihlangu. Geza lesi sitshalo ngaphansi kweshawa efudumele. Fafaza imifino kanye nenhlabathi ngesixazululo seFanishtsid, Metaphos, Fufanon. Phinda izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesikhawu sezinsuku eziyi-7-10.
Ama-aphid	Imibala yezinambuzane eziphuzi noma eziluhlaza okotshani noma omnyama zinamathela eziqongweni zamahlumela, amaqabunga namaqabunga avela ngaphakathi.	Faka isicelo se-Foam of potash eluhlaza noma insipho yokuwasha endaweni yokuhlanza, geza eshishini ngemuva kwehora. Fafaza isihlahla nenhlabathi izikhathi ezingama-3-4 nsuku zonke nge-infusions yanoma imiphi amakhambi anyantayo, u-anyanisi, ugalikhi, amakhompiyutha wegwayi, amakhasi we-citrus. Uma ungekho umphumela, sebenzisa i-Inta-Vir, i-Biotlin, i-Iskra-Bio (ngokunqunyelwa kwezinsuku ezingama-3-5 kuze kube yilapho inkathazo inyamalala ngokuphelele).
I-Whitefly	Izimvemvane ezincane ezimhlophe ezikhuphuka esitshalweni lapho uthinta khona okuncane.	Beka i-tepi enamathela ekubambeni izimpukane, izicupho ezenziwa ekhaya, i-fumigator eqhubekayo esebenzayo eduze kwesihlahla. Khipha ekuseni njalo ekuseni, uqoqe izimvemvane ezibonakalayo. Fafaza isitshalo nenhlabathi ngesixazululo se-Actara, Mospilan, Confidor-Maxi (izikhathi ezi-3-4 zokuphumula kwesonto).

Igalari yezithombe: yiziphi izifo nezinambuzane lapho kuyodingeka uzilwele lapho ukhula uMurray

: I-Whitefly ngesizathu esithile ingenandaba kakhulu nephuzi, lesi sici sisetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezicupho ezenziwe ekhaya

: Ama-Aphid - esinye sezindlu ezibiza kakhulu "ezikhulu kakhulu", ngeke azidele ama-murraya noma

: Amakhambi we-Folk ngokumelene nezinambuzane zesikali awasizi ngalutho - avikelwe ngokuthembekile igobolondo eliqinile

: I-spider mite akuyona insect, ngakho-ke, izidakamizwa ezikhethekile - ama-acaricides asetshenziselwa ukulwa nayo

: Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-chlorosis kucasulwa ukuphazamiseka enkambweni ejwayelekile yenqubo ye-photosynthesis.

: I-Root rot yisifo esingalashwa kuphela ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula

Ukuzalaniswa kukaMurraya ekhaya

UMurraya ekhaya uzala kabusha ngokuveza imifino futhi ngokukhiqiza. Ngeke kube nezinkinga ngezinto zokutshala - isitshalo sigawulwa njalo, futhi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokugcina, sithela izithelo ngokuzithandela.

Ukuthola imbewu kaMurraya ekhaya akuyona inkinga.

Ukuhluma kwembewu

Imbewu kaMurraya ilahlekelwa ukuqhuma kwazo, ngakho-ke ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokukha amajikijolo avuthiwe.

Imbewu zaseMurraya zigxilwe endaweni engatheni, elula

Gcwalisa izinkomishi zepulasitiki noma amabhodwe amancane ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi eshidi kanye nesihlabathi somfula wamalahle (1: 1). Kudingeka ungqimba lwamanzi aminyene ayi-2-3 cm. Hambisa inhlabathi.
Tshala imbewu eminingana kuzo, eyayifakwe ngaphambili kwisisombululo epinki se-potanganum permanganate yemizuzu engu-15-20.
Mboza iziqukathi ngezikhwama zepulasitiki, udale umphumela wegreenhouse. Nikeza izinga lokushisa elingama-23-25ºº, ukukhanya okugqamile.
Faka amasango nsuku zonke imizuzu engu-10-15. Njengoba yomile, fafaza inhlabathi ngesixazululo sanoma iyiphi i-biostimulant, unciphise ukuqina kwesidakamizwa ngesigamu uma kuqhathaniswa nomenzi otuswayo.
Izithombo zokuqala zizovela ngezinsuku eziyi-12-15, isisindo - ku-30- 40. Linda kuze kube ukuthi izihlahla zakha ngazimbili amaqabunga angempela, uzifake emhlabathini wezitshalo ezindala. Nakekela njengenjwayelo.

Izithombo zikaMurray zivele ngokushesha okukhulu

Ividiyo: UMurraya okhula ezinhlanyelweni

Ukusika kwe-midzi

Ama-cutways ayindlela elula futhi esheshayo yokusabalalisa i-murraya, kepha ilungele kuphela izitshalo ezinonyaka owodwa. Isikhathi esihle sokuthola izinto zokutshala ukuqala kwekwindla.

Izimbambo zeMurraya zivame ukugxila emhlabathini.

Sika phezulu kwelebula ubude obungu-10 cm .Fafaza isisekelo nganoma yisiphi isishukumisi sempuphu esinamandla.
Ngokushesha tshala izithombo ezisikiwe ezimbizeni ezigcwele i-peat noma isihlabathi. Enye indlela ukubamba ibangelwa amanzi noma ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka (2-3 ml ngelitha) yanoma iyiphi i-biostimulant (Epin, Zircon, Heteroauxin). Amanzi adinga ukushintshwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3.
Nikeza ngezimo ezifanayo nezimbewu zokuhluma. Kudingeka kuphela izinga lokushisa eliphakeme - 26-28ºС. Ukushisa okuphansi nakho kuyathandeka.
Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amasha, faka izinhlamvu zibe yinhlabathi efanele izitshalo ezindala.

Ukubuyekezwa kwezimbali

Ungayikhetha kanjani i-murraya efanele? Ezitshalweni zethu, iqabunga eliyinkimbinkimbi liqukethe amaqabunga angama-3-7, futhi ngesiDashi - kusuka ku-7-11, eyethu iqhakaze isuka ezinyangeni ezingama-2-4 ubudala, ngesiDashi ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu uma iqhakaza - kahle. Igatsha lethu ngokuzithandela kanye ne-squat, futhi amaDashi ngokuvamile akhula ihlumela "nehhashi" elikhulu.
TaSo
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Angazi ukuthi ngokuzithoba, kodwa kimi lokhu kuqubuka kwaba nzima. Mhlawumbe ngamnakekela ngokungeyikho (okufana nodrako, banezimo ezifanayo zokuboshwa), kepha ukuboshwa kwami kwaqhamuka njalo, kwathi lapho eba mubi eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, ngavele ngathukuthela, ngaba nesibindi, ngamlahla. Futhi wezinsika engake ngasika ngaphambili, akekho noyedwa owathatha izimpande, ingasaphathwa eyezimbali nezithelo.
Imeyili
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UMurraya wabonakala kanye nami ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-80s, futhi kusukela lapho, yize ngishintshile inkanuko, angikaze ngincishwe yiluphi uhlobo lokuzilibazisa okusha phakathi kombuso wezitshalo. Umuthi ungabizwa ngokuthi uzenzele (eMurray, wonke amahlumela anamahlamvu aqomisa ukukhula kwawo bese eqala ukukhula ngamagatsha amasha aze wona aqhakaze). Ngendlela, awudingi ukufaka impova yesitshalo - kuyasizuzisa ngokwayo futhi sikuqonda kahle ukuthi zingaki izimbali okufanele ziboshwe, ukuze inzalo ishiywe futhi ingazilimazi - i-ovary eyengeziwe izolahlwa. Angazi isitshalo samatshe esingenangxaki kunalokho. Isimo kuphela indawo ekhanyayo. Ikhula efasiteleni lami lokuchazwa kwentshonalanga, kodwa izokhula ngisho kuwindi lasenyakatho, mhlawumbe kuzoba nezinkinga zokuqhakaza. Ngokwemvelo, udinga ukujikeleza imbiza ngesitshalo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uqinisekise ukukhula ngakunye kuzo zonke izindlela. Ngendlela, amahlumela anwebeke phezu kobusika anganqunywa, ngaleyo ndlela kuvuseleleke ukubukeka okusha. Kwezinambuzane, kuthinteka kuphela amaba bese kuthi lapho isitshalo sesikhohliwe. Ngiyavuma, angivami ukuhambisa uMurraya ngesifutho, yize evame ukuphendula ngokubonga lokhu. Imbali eyodwa yanele ukugcwalisa igumbi lonke ngephunga elicashile.
TatyanaK
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UMurraya uqobo ungamamitha amabili ukusuka embizeni, kodwa sekuvele ukuqhuma. Futhi kunuka kanjani! Ngifunde ukuthi amahlumela amaningi atshala ezitshalweni ezincane, kodwa angikwazanga ... Hhayi, futhi kubonakala kimi ukuthi uma imbali ikhula, ithembela emandleni ayo.
I-Mullet
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Ngathenga amajikijolo eMurraya ngoMashi 10, kanti ngoJulayi wona uqhume kakade. Futhi sekwephuze kakhulu, ngifunde ukuthi zivame ukuqhakaza ngenyanga yesithathu. Iphunga lembali efana naleyo yomnduze wesigodi noma i-lilac. Unqume ukuqhakaza isixha, futhi ukukhula kwale ngane kungama-5 cm kuphela! Ngeke ngiyeke ukumangala! Futhi angazi, mhlawumbe kungukuzenzekela noma ukuzenzisa ngokwakho, kepha inhliziyo yami yayeka ukusunduza (kusekamelweni lami lokulala).
Tatyana
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UMurraya wenzalo yezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili yaqhakaza, futhi wangafuna ukukhula kakhulu, izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili ukusuka emhlabeni ngamasentimitha ayi-6- 10. Ngabona ukuthi uqhakaza ngokungathandabuzi elangeni elikhanyayo. Ngabutha ama-buds ami emuva ebusika futhi ngahlala nawo kanjalo, kwabe sekufika ihlobo, ilanga elikhanyayo, futhi ama-buds angafuni ukukhula futhi avuleka. Ngokushesha lapho ngilisusa elangeni, ngalibeka imitha ukusuka ewindini lasempumalanga futhi yaqhakaza ngokoqobo ngosuku kusuka kimi!
UMariya
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UMurraya uthanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Ukunisela kufanele kube kuningi, ngesikhathi somiswa kungaphonsa amaqabunga. Ukugqoka okuphezulu izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga, isibonelo, Okuhle. Ungafafaza, kodwa angikwenzi.
U-Ejik
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Njengobuningi bezitshalo, i-murraya ayidingi imbiza enkulu - kufanele ifane nosayizi wekhozo lobumba. Ukudonsela isitshalo ngokungadingekile esikhundleni saso futhi akudingekile. Ukuchelela kufanele kube kuningi (okulinganiselayo kuholela ekutheni ingxenye yezimpande, engamanzi, ivele ife), kepha hhayi njalo, akudingeki ukuthi ulinde umhlaba ukuba ube njengasehlane, kepha akufanele uhlale umanzi. Ngisebenzisa umanyolo wezithelo zikawolintshi - lezi yizitshalo ezihlobene. UMurraya ulungile ngokufafaza (angimphisi nhlobo), kepha hhayi elangeni. Kodwa-ke, akufanele abe khona elangeni elivulekile. Kukhona ama-inflorescence amaningi; amagatsha amaningi amaningi akhula futhi ngenkathi yokukhula. Ngezikhathi ezithile nginqume isitshalo, ngibuye ngisuse ama-inflorescence ngokweqile - konke lokhu kuba nzima kakhulu esitshalweni. Izimbali zijabulisa iso. Kodwa umqondo wokuhogela ... Iphunga, kunjalo, liyamangalisa - libukeka njenge-jasmine. Kepha cabanga ukuthi kunjani lapho sonke isitshalo siqhakaza?! Iphunga alinandawo yokuya, amagama ukuchaza! Ngokusobala lesi sitshalo asilona abaphethwe yi-allergy. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kwakheka izithelo ezincane. Ngifunde ngezinzuzo zabo ezinkulu zezempilo, ngakho-ke ngadla kaningana. Zidla kakhulu, amathambo kuphela ababayo kakhulu. I-pulp inoshukela, inambitheka omuncu omuncu, kuziwa uwoyela obalulekile.
NatyaM12
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Ngoku "xazulula "uMurraya ekhaya lakho, ngeke nje ukhombise okwangempela, kepha futhi uzothola isitshalo esiphilile futhi esingazethembi. Ukuqhakaza kwesihlahla okuningana kujabulisa iso, ukuqhakaza kusakaza iphunga elimnandi, izithelo ziqinisa amasosha omzimba kanye nesistimu yenhliziyo. Uma ulandela imithetho elula yokunakekela isitshalo, izokujabulisa isikhathi eside.